JAWAPAN KERTAS 1 :ujian 1

SOALAN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

JAWABAN
D
C
B
D
A
A
D
B
B
D
C
C
A
C
C
D
D
D
C
B
C
D
D
C
C

SOALAN
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

JAWABAN
D
B
B
A
C
D
D
B
B
C
C
C
A
B
A
C
B
C
B
B
D
B
C
C
B

Jawapan kertas 2
1

(a)

(b)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

80oC
Solid and liquid
Heat energy is used to break the bond between particles

Sum of the number of proton and neutron in the atom

D and E
Both of the atoms have same proton number but different nucleon
number
2.4

1
1
2

1
1
1
1
1

10

1
2

(a)

(b)

(c)

(a)
(b)
(c)

(a)
(i)
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)

Stanum

atom

1
1

Saiz lain & label

1
+
1

(d)

Atoms of other element added to the pure metal to make an

alloy are different in size.
The size of tin atoms which are bigger than copper in bronze
disrupts the orderly arrangement of atoms in pure metal.
When force is applied to an alloy, the presence of added other
atoms prevent layers of atoms from sliding.

1
+
1
+
1

(e)

To increase the resistance to corrosion of a pure metals

To improve the appearance of a pure metal

(a)
(i)
(b)
(c)
(i)

Stanum

1
+
1
1

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i)
(ii)

atom

1
1
10

Increasing order of proton number

Sodium / Na
Chlorine / Cl
Used in advertising light / television tubes
Ionic

1
1
1
1
1

(iii)
(d)

(i)
(ii)

Soluble in water // can conduct electricity in molten or aqueous

state // high melting and boiling points
Copper / Cu
Formed a coloured compound // Act as catalyst // Formed a complex
ion // Have various oxidation number

1
1
1

10

3
4

(a)
(b)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)

(c)
(d)
(e)
5

(a)

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1. Uniform scale for both Y and X axes

2. Correct transferring of points
3. Smooth curve of the graph
20 s
Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + SO2 + H2O
Pressure // size of reactant // concentration of solution // presence of
catalyst
(Any 2)
When the temperature increases the kinetic energy of particle increases
Frequency of collision increases
Frequency of effective collision increases
Rate of reaction increases
(Any 3)

(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Cu2+, H+, SO42-, OHSO42-, OHOH4OH- 2H2O + O2 + 4e

Cu2+
Cu2+ is chosen to be discharged at Y because the position of Cu2+ in
electrochemical series is lower than H+ // Oxidation number of copper
decrease from +2 to 0
Brown solid deposited
Blue colour is faded
Oxidation and reduction occurs simultaneously

Sebatian karbon yang mengandungi unsure karbon dan

hydrogen sahaja

b
i)

Alkana

butana

C 4H10

58

0.0725 g ( tunjukkan carakira)

3
1
2
2

11

ii)
iii)
c
i)
ii)

10
MARKING SCHEME PAPER 2 SECTION B

No
7
(a)

1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer
Number of mole in 16 g of oxygen = 16/32 // 0.05 mole
Volume occupied by 16 g of oxygen
= 0.05 mole x 24 dm3 // 12 dm3
Number of mole in 22 g of CO2 = 22/44 // 0.05 mole
Volume occupied by 22 g of CO2
0.05 moles x 24 dm3 // 12 dm3

Marks
1
1
1
1

4
(b)

Able to determine the empirical formula and molecular formula of

caffeine correctly
Element
Mass / g
Number of mole

1
2
3

The simplest
ratio

C
H
N
O
0.48
0.05
0.28
0.16
0.48/12 / 0.05/1 // 0.28/14 / 0.16/16 /
/0.04
0.05
/0.02
/0.01
0.04/0.01 0.05/0.01 0.02/0.01 0.01/0.01
// 4
// 5
// 2
// 1

1
1
1

4 Empirical formula = C4H5N2O

5 [C4H5N2O]n = 194
6 [ 97 ]n = 94
7 n = 194/97 // 2
8 Molecular formula = C8H10N4O2
(c)

Able to calculate the molar mass and the percentage of nitrogen by

mass in each of the three fertilisers and choose the best fertiliser.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
1
1
1
1

Molar mass of ammonium sulphate = 132 g/mol

Percentage of nitrogen in ammonium sulphate = 28/132 x
100% // 21.2%
Molar mass of urea = 60 g/mol
Percentage of nitropgen in urea = 28/60 x 100% // 46.7%
Molar mass of hydrazine = 32 g/mol
Percentage of nitrogen in hydrazine = 28/132 x 100% // 87.5%
Hydrazine has the richest source of nitrogen compares with
other fertilisers.
The farmer should choose hydrazine

(a)(i) Blue solution X = Copper (II) sulphate

Colurless solution Y = potassium carbonate // sodium
carbonate // ammonium carbonate
(ii)
Double decomposition method
(iii)
CuSO4 + K2CO3 CuCO3 + K2SO4 //

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Total

20

1
1

1
1

1
1

CuSO4 + Na2CO3 CuCO3 + Na2SO4 //

CuSO4 + (NH4 )2CO3 CuCO3 + (NH4 )2SO4

(iv)

Correct rectants and products

Balanced equations
-

Add sodium hydroxide solution (until excess)

Blue precipitate formed
//
Add ammonia aqueous / ammonium hydroxide
solution (until excess)

5
Blue precipitate soluble in excess
(b)(i) Copper (II) oxide
(ii) Materials : [25 100] cm3 of [0.5 2.0] moldm-3 copper
(II)sulphate solution(any suitable answer) [25 100]
cm3 of [0.5 2.0] moldm-3 sodium carbonate solution
(any suitable answer) Filter paper
Apparatus : Filter funnel, beakers, retort stand and
clamp, glass rod and 100cm3 measuring cylinder.
Procedures :
- About [25 100] cm3 of [0.5 2.0] moldm-3
copper (II) sulphate solution is measured into a
beaker.
- About [25 100] cm3 of [0.5 2.0] moldm-3
sodium carbonate solution is measured and
mixed with the solution in the beaker.
- The mixture is stirred with a glass rod.
- The precipitate formed is removed by filtration.
- The precipitate is rinsed with distilled water.
- The precipitate is dried between the filter paper

1
1

1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1

10

(c) 2AgNO3 + MgCl2 2AgCl + Mg(NO3)2

No of moles AgNO3 = 50 x 1.0 / 1000 = 0.05 mol

1
2

2 mol AgNO3 2 mol AgCl from the reaction

0.05 mol AgNO3 0.05 mol AgCl
Mass of AgCl = 0.05 x 143.5
= 7.175 g
9

(a)

(i)
(ii)

(b)

(i)

Atom R is located in Group 17, Period 3

Electron arrangement of atom R is 2.8.7.
It is located in Group 17 because it has seven valence electron.
It is in Period 3 because it has three shells filled with electron
Atoms P and R form covalent bond.
To achieve the stable electron arrangement,
atom P needs 4 electrons while atom R needs one electron.
Thus, atom P shares 4 pairs of electrons with 4 atoms of R,
forming a molecule with the formula PR4 // diagram

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

(ii)

Atom Q and atom R form ionic bond.

Atom Q has the electron arrangement 2.8.1. and atom R has the electron
arrangement 2.8.7.
To achieve a stable (octet )electron arrangement,
atom Q donates 1 electron to form a positive ion// equation
Q
Q+ + e
Atom R receives an electron to form ion R-//equation and achieve a
stable octet electron arrangement.
R+e
RIon Q+ and ion R- are pulled together by the strong electrostatic forces
to form a compound with the formula QR// diagram

(c)

1
1

1
1

+
Q

The ionic compound/ (b)(ii) dissolves in water

while the covalent compound / (b)(i)does not dissolve in water.
Water is a polar solvent that can cause the ionic compound to dissociate into
ions.
Covalent compounds are non-polar and can only dissolve in organic solvents.
OR
The melting point of the ionic compound/ (b)(ii) is higher than that of the
covalent compound/ (b)(i) .
This is because in ionic compounds ions are held by strong electrostatic forces.
High energy is needed to overcome these forces.
In covalent compounds, molecules are held by weak intermolecular forces.
Only a little energy is required to overcome the attractive forces.
OR
The ionic compound/(b)(ii) conducts electricity in the molten or aqueous state
whereas the covalent compound/(b)(i) does not conduct electricity.
This is because in the molten or aqueous state, ionic compounds consist of
freely moving ions.

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1

7
Covalent compounds are made up of molecules only
1
1
1
1
Total

10(a)
(b)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(c)
(d)

(e)
(f)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(g)
(h)
3(a)(i)

(ii)

1.1V, 2.7V , 0.4 V

Type of metal
The cell voltage and the negative terminal
The type and concentration of electrolyte, copper
electrode
By using different pairs of metals and determining the
negative terminal and cell voltage, an electrochemical
series can be constructed
Suggested answer:
What you do, what you observed / measure
When two different pairs of metals are dipped into an
electrolyte and the negative terminal is determined , a
potential difference is produced
Magnesium, Zinc, Lead, Copper
Blue to colourless/dark blue to light blue
discharge of Cu2+- copper is deposited , concentration
of Cu2+ in the electrolyte decreases
Size of copper electrode increases when the time
increases
More than 1.1 V but less than 2.7V // between 1.1 -2.7V
2,2
Pb + Cu2+ Cu + Pb2+
Electrodes
Anode
Cathode
Product
Oxygen gas
Hydrogen gas
Half4OH-
2H+ + 2e
equation
O2+2H2O+4e
H2
Concentration of hydrochloric acid increases
Cl- and OH- ions attracted to the anode
OH- ions selectively discharged lower position in the
electrochemical series
H+ ions attracted to the anode
H+ ions are discharged one type of ions only
Therefore only left with H+ and Cl- ions

3
3

3
3
3
3
3
3
3

4
1
1
1
3
1