American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standards:

ANSI B74.12-1992: Specifications for Size of Abrasive Grain-Grinding Wheels, Polishing and General Industrial Uses.

ANSI B74.13-1990: Markings for Identifying Grinding Wheels and Other Bonded Abrasives.

ANSI B74.2-1992: Specifications for Shapes and Sizes of Grinding Wheels, and for Shapes, Sizes and Identification of
Mounted Wheels

ANSI B74.21-1986 (R1992): Vitrified Grinding Wheels, Fatigue Proof Test Procedure.

STRAIGHT WHEEL

GRINDING CONE

GRINDING CONE

CYLINDER
http://www.starabrasives.com/e_products/
http://www.emitsuya.com/technical/WheelIndicationMethod.aspx
http://www.georgiagrindingwheel.com/grindingwheels_basics.htm
Grinding wheel specification and indication method
The grinding wheel comes in an extraordinary variety of models depending on application.
This method for international unification of grinding wheel varieties took effect in 1965 as the ISO and JIS(Japan), ANSI(USA) and
DIN(Germany), which are based on this method.
We can express the unity of specification in this variety as an example.
1 A 305X25X127.00 H 60 K 8 V 8J 2000
1

Shape type

Rim type

305X25X127.00

Outside diameter x Thickness x Hole diameter (DxTxH)

Kind of abrasive

60

Grain size

Grade

Structure

Kind of bond

8J

Subdivision symbol of bond

2000

Max speed in M/Min.

Grinding wheel

Structure of grinding wheel

Abrasive grain (artificial abrasice)

Grain size

Grade

Structure

Bond

Bond subdivision symbols

Grinding wheel specification and indication method

Grinding wheel's shapes and size

Structure of grinding wheel

The grinding wheel is composed of three main elements (abrasive grain, bond and pores)
Abrasive grain are edges that shave a work piece, a bond supports the edge, while pores are gaps necessary for removing chips.
Since the abrasive grain is harder than a work piece, it can shave hard materials such as quenched steel.
The abrasive grain always has edges with "negative rake angles". As the depth of cut is shallow, the finished work piece can be fine
and attractive.
Multiple edges and high grinding speed enable excellent efficiency even though the depth of cut is shallow.
If an edge becomes round and worn through use, the abrasive grain will drop out and a new edge will appear. This is called "selfsharpening" of abrasive grain.
The quantity of heat produced using the grinding wheel is larger than that produced in
cutting. Since the work piece absorbs most of the heat produced, a large quantity of
grinding fluid is necessary for mechanical grinding.

Abrasive Materials
Silicon carbide, Aluminium oxide, Ceramic, Zirconia, Diamond, Cubic Boron Nitride, Tungsten Carbide and Glass
Note: Glass paper and Sand paper are same
Types of Grain Size
8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20 and 24: Coarse

30, 36, 46, 54 and 60: Medium

70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 150 and 180: Fine
220, 240, 280, 320, 360, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000 and 1200: Very Fine
Grade
A "grade" does not refer to the hardness of abrasive grain or bond itself. It indicated the binding degree of weakness or strength also
known as "hardness") of the bond, which sustains abrasive grains.
Binding degree increases in alphabetical order according to the given grade. A grade is a depth expressed alphabetically, when
applying a fixed load and rotation to a carbide bit of uniform shape on the flat surface of the grinding wheel.
It is most important in selecting a grinding wheel to adjust the grade by taking into consideration the hardness of the work piece to
be ground, peripheral wheel speed and other operating conditions.
Super Soft: A, B, C, D, E, F and G
Soft: H, I, J and K
Medium: L, M, N and O
Hard: P, Q, R and S
Super Hard: T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z
Bond
A bond is a material which binds

abrasive grains

Vitrified, Resin, Rubber and Magnesia

Cone Size: Dia x Len x Arbor size