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Structural Analysis
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
qaM 2010
Garmkfa
edaysarnisiStvisVkrsMNg;sIuvilTaMgGs;minGaceKcputBIcMeNHdwgelImuxviCadsMxan;enH)an
dUcenHva)anCMrujTwkcitrbs;)aTeGaybkERbesovePAenHeLIg. )aT)andwgfanisiStTaMgGs;Edl
mancMeNHdwgPasabreTskgkMritkMNt;NamYyenaH BitCaBi)akkgkarsikSaRsavRCavedayxng
dUcenH )aTBitCasgwmfaesovePAmYyk,alenHnwgGacCYysMrYldl;karsikSaRsavRCavrbs;Gk
sikSa)an.
)aTBitCa)anBayamy:agGs;smtPaBedIm,IeFVIeGaykarbkERbenHmanlkNeBlelj
b:uEneTaHCay:agenHkI )aTenAEtTTYlsal;fa kareRbIBakbeckeTsCaPasaExrmYycMnYnenAkgesov
ePAenHBitCaminGaceKcputBIPaBqg bminGacTTYlyk)anBIGksikSa. edaymUlehtuenH BakGg;eKsRtUv)aneRbI nigbgajedayecosminput. dUcenH ral;mtiriHKn;TaMgGs;nwgRtUv)anTTYlykmk
BicarNaedIm,IeFVIkarEksMrYl.
ma:gvijeTot edim,IeGaykarsikSa nigkaryl;;dwgrbs;GksikSaTaMgGs;elImuxviCaenHman
lkNTUlMTUlay nigc,as;las; )aTsUmENnaMeGayGksikSaTaMgGs;KYrGanc,ab;edImCaPasa
Gg;eKsEdlniBneday R.C. Hibbeler.
NPIC
matika
Contents
T.Chhay-i
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT (Problems)................................................................................................. 99
$> bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
(Internal loading developed in structural members)
$>%> karsg;daRkamm:Um:g;Bt;edayeRbIviFItRmYtpl
T.Chhay
-ii
NPIC
T.Chhay-iii
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(>%> viFIkmnnimitsRmab;Fwm nigeRKag (Method of virtual work: beams and frames) ........ 294
(>^> famBlbERmbRmYlrageFobnimitEdlbNalBIbnktamGkS kmaMgkat; kmaMgrmYl nigsItuNPaB
(Virtual strain energy caused by axial load, shear, torsion and Temperature) ........ 306
!!>!> viFIsaRsTUeTAkgkarviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI
T.Chhay
-iv
NPIC
!@>%> karEbgEckm:Um:g;sRmab;eRKagEdleyal
!#>#> lkNnbnkrbs;Ggt;Edlmanmuxkat;ERbRbYlEdlmanpSayenAkgRBwtibRtbeckeTs
!#>$> karEbgEckm:Um:g;sRmab;eRKOgbgMEdlmanGgt;Edlmanmuxkat;ERbRbYl
matika
T.Chhay-v
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!$>$> m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajrbs;Ggt;kgkUGredaenskl
!^>#> m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt;eRKagkgkUGredaenskl
!^>$> karGnuvtnviFIPaBrwgRkajsRmab;karviPaKeRKag
Contents
T.Chhay
-vi
NPIC
m:aRTIssRmab;karviPaKeRKOgbgM
matika
T.Chhay-vii
NPIC
T.Chhay
-1
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -2
NPIC
RbePTrcnasm<n nigbnk
T.Chhay
-3
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -4
NPIC
RbePTrcnasm<n nigbnk
T.Chhay
-5
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -6
NPIC
T.Chhay
-7
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -8
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RTkRmalebtugsuTTmn;RsalEdlmanTTwg1.83m nigmankRmas;
102mm . kRmaleFVIkarCaEpknBidansRmab;Can;xageRkamdUc
enHEpkxageRkam rbs;vaRtUv)anbUkedaykMe)arbUk (plaster).
elIsBIenH CBaaMgbkebtugtan;Tmn;RsalkRmas; 305mm
km<s; 2.44m sitenABIelIsabxagelIrbs;Fwm. kMNt;bnkenA
elIFwm edayKitkgmYyktaRbEvgrbs;Fwm.
dMeNaHRsay
cemIy
T.Chhay
-9
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
4.57
L = Lo 0.25 +
K LL AT
Edl
(1-1)
bnkGefrKNnaEdlkat;bnykgpmYyEm:RtRkLaEdlRTedayGgt;.
Lo = bnkGefrKNnaEdlminkat;bnykgpmYyEm:RtRkLaEdlRTedayGgt; emIltarag
1-4.
K LL = emKuNbnkGefr (live load element factor). sRmab;ssrxagkg K LL = 4 .
AT = prgsm<aF (tributary area) KitCa m 2
]TahrN_sRmab;karkMNt;prgsm<aFsRmab; Fwm nigssrmanbgajenAkgkfaxN
2-1.
bnkGefrEdl)ankat;bnyEdlkMNt;edaysmIkar 1-1RtUv)ankMNt;min[tUcCag 50% n Lo
sRmab;Ggt;EdlRTmYykRmal bminRtUvtUcCag 40% n Lo sRmab;Ggt;EdlRTeRcInCagmYykRmal.
L=
T.Chhay -10
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
4.57
L = 2.4 0.25 +
= 1.42kN / m 2
180
O.K.
cemIy
T.Chhay
-11
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -12
NPIC
T.Chhay
-13
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
q = V 2 / 2
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -14
NPIC
p = qGC p qh GC pi
Edl
(1-3)
RbePTrcnasm<n nigbnk
T.Chhay
-15
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay -16
NPIC
BIrUbTI 1-14a/ h' = 22.86 tan 10o = 4.03m dUcenHkm<s;mFmrbs;dMbUlKW h = 7.62 + 4.03 / 2 =
9.63m . edayeRbItmrbs; K z enAkgtarag 1-5/ tmrbs;sm<aFmanrayenAkgtaragenAkgrUbTI
1-14b. cMNaMfatmrbs; K z RtUv)ankMNt;edayeRbIviFanRtzansmamaRt (linear interpolation)
sRmab; z = h mannyfa (1.04 0.98) /(12.2 9.1) = (1.04 K h ) /(12.2 9.63) / K h = 0.990
dUcenH qh = 853.3(0.990) = 845N / m 2 .
edIm,IGnuvtsmIkar 1-3 emKuNkMsYl (gust factor) KW G = 0.85 ehIy (GC pi ) = 0.18 .
dUcenH
(
p = qGC p qh GC pi
(1)
0 4.6
6.1
7.6
C p = 0.5
211N / m 2
= 0.7
dUcenH edaysareyIgRtUv
T.Chhay
-17
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
p = 666 N / m 2
356 N / m 2
q = qh
eyIg)an
p = 356 N / m 2
65 N / m 2
bnkTaMgBIrsMnuMenHRtUv)anbgajenAelIbg;KMehIjrbs;GKar EdltMNag[sm<aFxagkgviCman b
GviCman (suction) rUbTI 1-14 c. eRKOgbgMemrbs;GKarRtUvEtTb;Tl;bnkTaMgenH kdUcbnkEdl
KNnaBIxl;Edlbk;BIxagmuxGKar bBIxageRkayGKar.
Edl
(1-4)
T.Chhay -18
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T.Chhay
-19
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
bnkefr
0.6 bnkefr + bnkxl;
0.6 bnkefr + 0.7 bnkrBaydI
Ca]TahrN_ FmtaTaMgbnkxl; nigbnkrBaydImingaynwgekItmanmkelIeRKOgbgMkgeBl
dMNalKaeT ehIyenAeBleKbnSMbnkxHcUlKa eKGackat;bnyvaedayemKuNkat;bnybnk.
edaysareKGacBicarNaPaBminCak;lak;edayeRbIRTwsIRbU)abIlIet eK)anKitPaBminCak;lak;
rbs;smar nigPaBminCak;lak;rbs;bnkdac;edayELkBIKa. viFIenHRtUv)aneK[eQaHfaviFIKNna
ersIusg; (strength design) b LRFD (load and resistance factor design). CaBiess karsikSaKNna
ersIusg;cugeRkay (ultimate strength design) KWQrelIkarsikSaKNna ultimate strength rbs;mux
kat;eRKaHfak;enAkgebtugGarem: ehIyviFIsikSaKNna)asic (plastic design method) RtUv)aneRbI
sRmab;eRKag nigGgt;EdleFVIBIEdk. edIm,IKitBIPaBminCak;lak;rbs;bnk viFIenHeRbIemKuNbnkEdl
GnuvteTAelI bnk bkarbnSMbnk. eyagtam ASCE 7-02 standard emKuNbnk nigkarbnSMbnkxHKW
1.4 bnkefr
1.2 bnkefr+ 0.6 bnkGefr + 0.5 bnkRBil
1.2 bnkefr+ 1.5 bnkrBaydI + 0.5 bnkGefr
kgkrNITaMgenH eKykbnSMbnkNaEdleFVI[mantmGtibrma eTaHbIvaminEmnCabnk
BitR)akdEdlmanGMeBIelIeRKOgbgMkeday.
T.Chhay -20
!>!>
NPIC
cMeNaT
kRmalrbs;XaMgEdlpkTMnijRsal !>$> kRmalEdlmanRbehagxagkgmYlRtUv)an
pmagrbs;CBaaMgeFVIBIr)areQITMhM 50mm
!>%> kRmalxNnfak;eronmYyeFIVBIebtugsuT
100mm nigmanbUkEtelIpCBaaMgmag. Rbsin
ebICBaaMgenHmankm<s; 3m cUrkMNt;bnkkgmYy Tmn;RsalEdlmankRmas; 125mm . Rbsin
ebIkRmalenH manbeNay 8m nigTTwg 6m cUr
ktaRbEvgrbs;CBaaMg.
kMNt;kmaMgpb EdlbgeLIgedaybnkefr nig
bnkGefr.
!>#> kRmalCan;TIBIrneragcRkTmn;RsalmYy
T.Chhay
-21
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
bnHmagsila cUrkMNt;bnkefrkgmYyktap
rbs;kRmal.
!>*> FwmGkSa
EdleRbIsRmab;XaMgpkTMnij
Fn; RtUv)ansagsg;BIebtugEdlmanTmn;maD
19.6kN / m3 . kMNt;bnkefrkgmYyktaRbEvg
rbs;FwmedayminKitTmn;rbs;EdkBRgwg nigbnk
GefrEdlmanGMeBIenABIxagelIFwmkgmYykta
RbEvg.
T
!>!0> salaEdlmankm<s;BIrCan;mYymanssr
EdlmanKMlatBIKa 4.5m kgTisEkgTaMgBIr.
RbsinebIeK)a:n;RbmaNfakRmaldMbUlRTbnk
1kN / m 2 cUrkMNt;bnkGefrEdlkat;bnyEdl
RtUv)anRTedayssrkNalenA (a) Can;pal;dI
nig (b) enACan;TIBIr.
!>!!> GKarkariyalykm<s;bYnCan;mYymanssr
EdlmanKMlat 9m BIKatamTisEkgTaMgBIr.
RbsinebIeKKitfadMbUlRTbnk 1.5kN / m2 cUr
kMNt;bnkGefrEdlkat;bnyEdlRTedayssr
xagkgenACan;pal;dI.
!>!@> sNaKarkm<s;bICan;mYymanssrEdlman
T.Chhay -22
saksBaaenHmanTTwg 6m nigkm<s;
bgaj. eRbIemKuNsMxan; I = 0.87 .
NPIC
3m
dUc
!>!^> xl;bk;eTAelIRCugbiTCitrbs;ksidanEdl
manTItaMgenAelITIvalrabesIn Oklahoma.
kMNt;sm<aFxageRkAEdlmanGMeBIelICBaaMgTaMg
bYn. ehIykMNt;sm<aFxagkgEdlmanGMeBIelI
!>!$> saksBaamYysitenATIvalrabesIn CBaaMg. edayeRbI linear interpolation kMNt;
Minnesota.
cUrkMNt;kmaMgpbrbs;xl;Edl qh nig C p . rUbxagelI
manGMeBIelIprbs;va.
eRbIemKuNsMxan;
I = 0.87 .
!>!%> xl;bk;eTAelIRCugbiTCitrbs;ksidanEdl
manTItaMgenAelITIvalrabesIn Oklahoma.
kMNt;sm<aFxageRkAEdlmanGMeBIelIdMbUl.
ehIykMNt;sm<aFxagkgEdlmanGMeBIelIdMbUl.
edayeRbI linear interpolation kMNt; qh nig C p
enAkgrUbTI 1-13.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-23
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
@> karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
enAkgCMBUkenH eyIgnwgBiPakSaBITRmg;Fmtarbs;eRKOgbg<MEdlvisVkrRtUveFVIkarsikSaviPaK
ehIyvakCaTRmg;EdlsitenAkgbg; ehIyma:geTotRbBnkmaMgGnuvtn_ksitenAelIbg;eRKOgbgMEdr.
eyIgcab;epImBiPakSaCamYynwgPaBcaM)ac;kgkareRCIserIsm:UEDlrbs;eRKOgbgMdsmRsbedIm,IeyIgGac
kMNt;kmaMgenAkgeRKOgbgM[mantmsuRkitEdlGacTTYlyk)an. bnab;mkeTot eyIgnwgBiPakSaBI
lkxNcaM)ac;sRmab;sirPaBrbs;eRKOgbgM. ehIycugeRkay mankarbgajBIkarviPaKeRKOgbgMsitkg
bg;kMNt;edaysaTicEdltPab;edaytMN pin.
T.Chhay -24
NPIC
T.Chhay
-25
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -26
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
NPIC
T.Chhay
-27
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -28
NPIC
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-29
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
RkaPiceRKOgbgM nigm:UEDleRKOgbgMsRmab;rcnasm<nGMBIeQImanlkNRsedogKanwgrcnasm<n
GMBIEdk. RbBneRKOgbgMEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 2-10 a bgajBIsMNg; beam-wall kRmaldMbUl
(roof deck) RtUv)anRTedayrnUteQI (wood joist) EdlbBanbnkeTACBaaMg\d. eKGacsnt;fa rnUt
RtUv)anRTedayTRmsamBaenAelICBaaMg dUcenHeKGaceFVIm:UEDleRKOgbgMdUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 2-10 b.
T.Chhay -30
NPIC
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-31
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
/ L1 ) < 2
T.Chhay -32
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-33
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
BC
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay -34
NPIC
ragFrNImaRtrbs;eRKOgbgMminRtUvrgkarERbRbYlFMeRkamGMeBIrbs;bnkeT mannyfaeK
GnuvtRTwsIbMlas;TItUc (small displacement theory). bMlas;TIFMnwgpas;brTItaMg nig
Tisrbs;bnky:agxaMg. ]TahrN_ r)arEdkkugsulesIgEdlrgkmaMgenAxagcugrbs;va.
enAkgesovePAenH BNnaEtBIsmarlIenEGreGLasic ehIybMlas;TIEdlekItedaysabnk
minpas;brTisedArbs;bnkGnuvtn_FM ehIykminpas;brTMhMEdleRbIsRmab;KNnam:Um:g;nkmaMgFMEdr
dUcenHtRmUvkarTaMgxagelIRtUv)anbMeBj.
Fy = 0
Fz = 0
Mx = 0
M y = 0
Mz = 0
(2-1)
Fy = 0
MO = 0
(2-2)
T.Chhay
-35
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 2-17.
eyIgnwgBiBNnaeKalkarN_saTicEdleRbIedIm,IkMNt;RbtikmxageRkAenAelIeRKOgbgMenAkg
kfaxN 2.5. eyIgnwgBiPakSaBIkmaMgkgenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgMenAkgCMBUkTI 4.
M
T.Chhay -36
NPIC
ykvamkBNnaenAkgCMBUkTI 10.
]TahrN_ 2>3 cat;cMNat;fak;rbs;FwmnImYyEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 2-18 a rhUtdl; 2-18 d Ca
eRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic beRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTic. eKsnt;faeKsal;kmaMgEdlGnuvtmin
elIFwm ehIyvaGacmanGMeBIenARKb;TItaMgTaMgGs;rbs;Fwm.
dMeNaHRsay
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-37
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
eKsnt;sal; ehIyvamanGMeBIenARKb;TItaMgTaMgGs;rbs;eRKOgbgM.
dMeNaHRsay
karcat;cMNat;fak;n;eRKOgbgMEdltPab;edaytMNsnak;manlkNRsedogKanwgFwmEdr. dRkamGg
esrIRtUv)anbgaj. edayGnuvt r = 3n b r > 3n lTplnkarcat;cMNat;fak;RtUv)anbgaj.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay -38
NPIC
T.Chhay
-39
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -40
NPIC
viFIm:ageTotEdlkarTb;minRtwmRtUvrbs;TRmnaM[maneRKOgbgMKansirPaBekItmanenAeBl
EdlkmaMgRbtikmTaMgGs;manTisRsbKa. ]TahrN_sRmab;krNIRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 2-23.
enA eBlEdleKGnuvtkmaMgeRTt P plbUkkmaMgtamTisedknwgminesIsUneT.
CaTUeTA eRKOgbgMnwgKansirPaBedaylkNFrNImaRt rMkiltictYc bdYlrlM RbsinebIva
mankmaMgRbtikmticCagsmIkarlMnwg bRsinebIvamankmaMgRbtikmRKb;RKan; EtGsirPaBrbs;nwgekIt
manRbsinebIExSskmnkmaMgRbtikmkat;KaRtg;cMNucmYy bkRsbKa. RbsinebIeRKOgbgMpSMeLIg
edayGgt;eRcIn eKGackMNt;GsirPaBrbs;Ggt;mYy brbs;Ggt;eRcInedaykarGegt. RbsinebIGgt;
begIt collapsible mechanism )an eRKOgbgMnwgminmansirPaB. eyIgGackMNt;sirPaBtamrUbmn)an
sRmab;eRKOgbgMkgbg;Edlman n nigGBaatEdlCakmaMgRbtikm r ehIyedaysarGgt;nImYyRtUv
mansmIkarlMnwgcMnYnbI enaH
KansirPaB
r < 3n
r 3n
KansirPaBenAeBlEdlkmaMgRbtikmrbs;Ggt;
kat;KaRtg;cMNucmYy bRsbKa bGgt;xHbegIt
collapse mechanism
(2-4)
eKRtUveCosvaRbePTeRKOgbgMEdlKansirPaBeTaHbICavaCaeRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic beRKOg
bgMminkMNt;edaysaTickeday.
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-41
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -42
NPIC
T.Chhay
-43
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -44
NPIC
CMhanxageRkampl;nUvviFsI Rmab;kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmsRmab;eRKOgbgMEdlpSMedayGgt;Edlt
Pab;edaytMNsnak;.
rab;cMnYnGBaatsrubedIm,I[c,as;faeKGacsresrcMnYnsmIkarlMnwgsmmUlsRmab;kar
edaHRsay. CaTUeTAeKGacsresrsmIkarlMnwgbIsRmab;Ggt;nImYy elIkElgGgt;Edl
mankmaMgBIr.
dMeNaHRsaysRmab;GBaatnwgminsKsaj RbsinebIeKGnuvtsmIkarm:Um:g; M O = 0
kan;EteRcIn.
enAeBlGnuvtsmIkarkmaMg Fx = 0 nig Fy = 0 eKRtUvbMEbkkmaMgpb[eTACabgM
kmaMgtamGkS x nigGkS y .
RbsinebIdMeNaHRsaynsmIkarlMnwg[CaTMhMGviCmansRmab;kmaMg bm:Um:g;KUEdlCa
GBaat vabgajfaTisedArbs;k,alRBYjpyBIGVIEdleyIg)ansnt;enAelIdaRkamGgesrI.
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-45
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
Fx = 0
Ax 270 cos 60 o = 0
Ax = 135kN
B y = 173.4kN
Ay = 60.4kN
dMeNaHRsay
Fx = 0
Ax = 0
+ Fy = 0 Ay 60 60 = 0
+ M A = 0 60(4 ) 60(6 ) + M A = 0
Ay = 120kN
M A = 600kN .m
CaTRmkl; prelag.
T.Chhay -46
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
Fx = 0
+ Fy = 0
3
4
15.75(10.5) + N B (3) + N B (1.2 ) = 0
5
5
4
Ax (6 ) = 0
5
3
Ay 15.75 + (6 ) = 0
5
N B = 6kN
Ax = 4.8kN
Ay = 12.15kN
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-47
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
8 + B y (4.5) = 0
Fx = 0
Bx = 0
+ Fy = 0
1.78 + C y = 0
B y = 1.78kN
C y = 1.78kN
sRmab;kMNat; AB
+MA = 0
+
M A 36(3) + 1.78(6 ) = 0
Fx = 0
Ax 0 = 0
+ Fy = 0
Ay 36 + 1.78 = 0
M A = 97.3kN .m
Ay = 34.2kN
T.Chhay -48
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
Fx = 0
+ MB = 0
+ Fy = 0
4 Bx = 0
22.8(1.90 ) Ay (2 ) + 225.6(5.40 ) 4(0.30 ) = 0
630.2 B y 22.8 225.6 = 0
Ay = 630.2kN = 630kN
B y = 382kN
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-49
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
B y (2 ) + 6(1) = 0
B y = 3kN
B x = 14.7 kN
3
(8) 14.7 = 0
5
4
Ay (8) 3 = 0
5
Ax = 9.87 kN
sRmab;Ggt; AB
+MA = 0
+
Fx = 0
+ Fy = 0
sRmab;Ggt; BC
+
Ax +
Ay = 9.40kN
Fx = 0
14.7 C x = 0
C x = 14.7 kN
+ Fy = 0
3 6 + Cy = 0
C y = 3kN
T.Chhay -50
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
Ay = 120.0kN
Ax = 285.0kN
Fx = 0
Bx = 75.0kN
+ Fy = 0
B y = 300.0kN
C x = 195.0kN
+ Fy = 0
sRmab;Ggt; AB
+ MB = 0
+
sRmab;Ggt; BC
+
Fx = 0
karviPaKrcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-51
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
2>1> eKeRbIeRKagmYy[RTkRmaleQI min
bgaj EdlvargbnkBRgayesI 6.5kN / m 2 .
KUrbgajBIbnkEdlmanGMeBIenAelIGgt; BG nig
ABCD . yk b = 3m / a = 1.5m .
2>2> kRmaldMbUlnGKarEdlmankMBs;mYyCan;
rgnUvbnkefr nigbnkGefr 6kN / m 2 . Rbsin
ebIrnUtmanKMlatBIKa1.2m ehIyrtmanKMlat
7.5m BIKa cUrkMNt;bnkBRgayEdleFVIGMeBIelI
rnUt DF nigbnkEdleFVIGMeBIelIrtenARtg;cMNuc
A / B / C / D nig E .
bgajbnkEdlmanGMeBIelIGgt; BE nig FD .
yk b = 3m / a = 2.4m . CMnYy emIltarag 13.
T.Chhay -52
cUrkMNt;BIdWeRknPaBminkMNt;.
NPIC
2>10> cat;cMNat;fak;neRKOgbgMnImYyCa
eRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic eRKOgbgMminkMNt;
edaysaTic beRKOgbgMKansirPaB. RbsinebICa
eRKOg bgMminkMNt;edaysaTic cUrkMNt;BIdWeRkn
PaBminkMNt;.
2>9> cat;cMNat;fak;neRKOgbgMnImYyCaeRKOg
bgMkMNt;edaysaTic eRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysa
Tic beRKOgbgMKansirPaB. RbsinebICaeRKOg
bgMminkMNt;edaysaTic cUrkMNt;BIdWeRknPaB
minkMNt;.
2>11> cat;cMNat;fak;neRKOgbgMnImYyCa
eRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic eRKOgbgMminkMNt;
edaysaTic beRKOgbgMKansirPaB. RbsinebICa
eRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTic cUrkMNt;BIdWeRkn
PaBminkMNt;.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-53
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
2>12> cat;cMNat;fak;neRKOgbgMnImYyCa
eRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic eRKOgbgMminkMNt;
edaysaTic beRKOgbgMKansirPaB. RbsinebICa
eRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTic cUrkMNt;BIdWeRkn
PaBminkMNt;. TRm nigsnak;RtUv)ansnt;dUc
bgaj.
2>14> cat;cMNat;fak;neRKOgbgMnImYyCa
eRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic eRKOgbgMminkMNt;
edaysaTic beRKOgbgMKansirPaB. RbsinebICa
eRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTic cUrkMNt;BIdWeRkn
PaBminkMNt;. tMNTaMgGs;CatMNrwg btMNbgb;.
2>13> cat;cMNat;fak;neRKOgbgMnImYyCa
eRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic eRKOgbgMminkMNt;
Problems
T.Chhay -54
2>15> cUrkMNt;BIdWeRknPaBminkMNt;rbs;
eRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTic. tMNTaMgGs;
CatMNrwg btMNbgb;.
cMeNaT
NPIC
2>16> cat;cMNat;fak;neRKOgbgMnImYyCa
eRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic eRKOgbgMminkMNt;
edaysaTic beRKOgbgMKansirPaB. RbsinebICa
eRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTic cUrkMNt;BIdWeRkn
PaBminkMNt;. TRm nigtMNTaMgGs;RtUv)ansnt;
dUcbgaj.
T.Chhay
-55
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
2>20> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenAelIFwm.
2>21> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenAelIFwm.
2>17> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenAelIFwm. eKsnt;
TRmenARtg; B CaTRmkl;
nigminKitBIkRmas;rbs;Fwm.
2>19> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenAelIFwm.
Problems
NPIC
2>25> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenAelIFwm.
2>26> KNnakmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRmrelag C
nigenARtg;TRmsnak; A . snt; B CatMNbgb; .
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-57
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
2>34> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRm A / B
nig E . snt; B CaTRmkl;.
T.Chhay -58
NPIC
2>38> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRm A / C
nig D .
2>35> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRm A / B /
C nig D .
2>39> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg; A nig C .
snt;fa A CaTRmkl; B CatMNbgb; nig C Ca
tMNsnak;.
2>36>
kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenRtg;TRmsRmab;FwmpSM.
eKmansnak;enARtg; A / E nig F .
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-59
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -60
NPIC
2>48> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;tMN A / B
nig C . snt;tMNnImYyCatMNsnak; ehIytMN
B CatMNrwg.
KMerag pvrfePIgRtUv)anRTedayeRKagebtug
Garem:. snt;rtTRmsmBaBIrRTEdk rail nig
kRmalpvrfePIgEdlmanTmn; 7.5kN / m nig
RTbnkrbs;rfePIg 100kN / m rUbxageRkam.
rt nImYymanRbEvg 100kN / m . Gnuvtbnk
TaMgenHeTAelIeRKags<anTaMgmUl ehIykMNt;
kmaMgsgt;enAkgssrrbs;va. sRmab;karviPaK
snt;fa tMNTaMgGs;CatMNsnak; ehIyecal
2>49> kMNt;bgMkmaMgRbtikmenARtg;tMN A nig TRmg;rbs;eRKag. etIkarsnt;tMNTaMgGs;Ca
C n gable frame. snt;fa A / B nig C CatMN
tMNsnak;GacTTYlyk)aneTsRmab;PaBCak;
snak;. eKdak;bnkenARtg;cMNuc D / E / F nig Esg?
G EkgeTAnwgGkSrbs;rtnImYy.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-61
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Truss
T.Chhay -62
NPIC
T.Chhay
-63
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -64
NPIC
T.Chhay
-65
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -66
NPIC
Truss
T.Chhay
-67
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
Truss
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -68
NPIC
kMNt;edaysaTic
minkMNt;edaysaTic
(3.1)
dWeRknPaBminkMNt;RtUv)ankMNt;edayplsgncMnYn (b + r ) 2 j .
sirPaB (Stability): RbsinebI b + r < 2j enaH truss nwgminmansirPaB ehIyvanwgdYlrlM eday
sarvaminmancMnYnr)arRKb;RKan;edIm,I bkmaMgRbtikmRKb;RKan;edIm,ITb;tMNTaMgGs;min[clt)an.
ehIy truss kGacGsirPaBeTaHbIvaCaeRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic bminkMNt;edaysaTickeday.
sRmab;krNIsirPaB eKRtUvkMNt;edaykarGegt bedaykarviPaKkmaMg.
sirPaBxageRkA (External stability): dUckarerobrab;enAkgkfaxN 2-4 eRKOgbgM b truss
EdlGsirPaBxageRkARbsinebIkmaMgRbtikmTaMgGs;rbs;vaRbsBVKa bRsbKa. ]TahrN_ truss BIr
enAkgrUbTI 3-13 Ca truss GsirPaBxageRkA edaysarRbtikmTRmmanExSskmRbsBVKa bRsbKa.
T.Chhay
-69
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
edIm,IkMNt;sirPaBxagkgn truss pSM eKcaM)ac;dwgBIviFInkartPab;rvag trusssamBa. ]TahrN_ truss pSMenAkgrUbTI 3-16 KansirPaBedaysarkartPab; truss ABC samBaxag kgeTAnwg
truss DEF xageRkAedayr)arbI AD, BE nig CF EdlRbsBVKaRtg;cMNuc O. dUcenHkmaMgxageRkA
EdlGnuvtenARtg;tMN A, B b C GaceFVI[ truss ABC vil)antictYc.
T.Chhay -70
NPIC
RbsinebI truss Ca truss saMjaM eKminGacniyayfavamansirPaBedaykarGegteT. ]TahrN_ eyIgGaceXIjBIkarviPaKEdlmanerobrab;enAkgkfaxN 3-7 fa truss saMjaMenAkgrUbTI 3-17
KansirPaB bmanTRmg;eRKaHfak;RbsinebI d = d. RbsinebI d d ' enaHvanwgmansirPaB.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-71
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
b = 12
r =3
j =8
enaH
b+r < 2j
T.Chhay -72
NPIC
!> snt;kmaMgrbs;Ggt;EdlCaGBaatEdleFVIGMeBIenAelIdaRkamGgesrIrbs;tMNCakmaMgTaj.
RbsinebIvaEbbnwgEmn enaHdMeNaHRsayCatmelxnsmIkarlMnwgnwg[CatmviCman sRmab;
karviPaK truss kMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-73
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -74
NPIC
dMbUldUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 3-20a.
bgajfaGgt;rgkarTaj bsgt;. eK[kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;tMN.
truss
dMeNaHRsay
eKcaM)ac;kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;EtcMnYnBak;kNalEtb:ueNaH edaysar
truss enHman lkNsIuemRTITaMgbnk nigragFrNImaRt. tMN A / rUbTI
3-20b/ eyIgGaccab;epImkarviPaKenARtg;tMN A . ehtuGVI?
daRkamGgesrIRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 3-20b.
+ Fy = 0 /
4 FAG sin 30 o = 0 FAG = 8kN (C )
+
Fx = 0 /
FAB 8 cos 30 o = 0 FAB = 6.93kN (T )
tMN G / rUbTI 3-20c/ enAkgkrNIenH cMNaMBIrebobkMNt;Tisrbs;
GkS x nig y edIm,IeCosvagRbBnsmIkar
+
Fy = 0
Fx = 0
FGB 3 cos 30 o = 0
FGB = 2.60kN (C )
8 3 sin 30 o FGF = 0
FGF = 6.50kN (C )
Fx = 0
FBC = 4.33kN (T )
T.Chhay
-75
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
truss
dMeNaHRsay
FwmenHRtUv)anedaHRsaydUcxageRkam.
tMN E / rUbTI 3-21b/ cMNaMfa eKGaceCosvagkaredaHRsay
RbBnsmIkaredayeRCIserIsTis[GkS x nig y .
+ Fy = 0 /
764 cos 30 o FED sin 15 o = 0
FED = 2557 N (C )
+
Fx = 0
Fx = 0
FDF sin 75 o = 0
Fy = 0
FDC + 2557 = 0
FDF = 0
FDC = 2557 N (C )
Fx = 0
+ Fy = 0
FCF = 2916 N (T )
Fy = 0
FBF = 828 N (C )
Fx = 0
FBA = 2771N (C )
Fx = 0
FAF = 2916 N (T )
+ Fy = 0
epgpat;
eKGaceFIVkarepgpat;bEnmeTotedayeFVIkarviPaKtMN F .
T.Chhay -76
NPIC
T.Chhay
-77
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -78
NPIC
RbsinebIeKcg;kMNt;EtkmaMgenAkgGgt;xH CaTUeTAviFImuxkat;pl;nUvmeFa)aykgkarTTYl)an
kmaMgTaMgenaHedaypal;. viFImuxkat;CaviFIekIteLIgedaykarkat; truss enaHCaBIrcMENk. RbsinebI
truss TaMgmUlsitenAkgsanPaBlMnwg enaHEpkTaMgBIreRkayeBlEdlkat;ksitenAkgsanPaBlMnwg
Edr ehIyCalTpl eKRtUvGnuvtsmIkarlMnwgcMnYnbIeTAelIEpkNamYyn truss Edlkat;rYc edIm,I
kMNt;rkkmaMgrbs;Ggt;enARtg;muxkat;enaH.
enAeBlEdleKeRbIviFImuxkat;edIm,IKNnakmaMgenAkgrbs;Ggt; eKRtUveFVIkarseRmcBIrebobkat;
truss enaH. edaysareKGacGnuvtEtsmIkarlMnwgbIEdlkraCBIKa Fx = 0 / Fy = 0 nig M O
= 0 eTAelIEpkrbs; truss Edlkat;rYc CaTUeTAeKRtUveRCIserIsmuxkat;NaEdlminmankmaMgkgrbs;
Ggt;EdlCaGBatelIsBIbI. ]TahrN_ cUrBicarNa truss enAkgrUbTI 3-25a. RbsinebIeKRtUvkar
kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt; GC karkat;tammuxkat; aa KWsaksmbMput. daRkamGgesrIrbs;EpkTaMgBIr
RtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 3-25b nig 3-25c. cMNaMfa ExSskmnkmaMgnImYyenAkgGgt;Edl
kat;RtUv)ankMNt;BIlkNFrNImaRtrbs; truss edaysarkmaMgenAkgGgt;sitenAelIGkSrbs;Ggt;.
ehIykmaMgEdlmanGMeBIenAcugmagrbs;Ggt; truss mantmesIKa EtmanTispyKanwgkmaMgEdlman
GMeBIenAelIcugmageTotrbs;Ggt;dEdlenaH c,ab;TIbIrbs;jtun. dUckarbgaj eKsnt;[Ggt; BC
nig GC rgkarTaj Ggt; GF rgkar sgt;.
T.Chhay
-79
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
xageRkamCaCMhanEdlpl;CameFa)aysRmab;GnuvtviFImuxkat;edIm,IkMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
rbs; truss.
T.Chhay -80
NPIC
eKKYreFVIplbUkm:Um:g;enARtg;cMNucNaEdlsitenARtg;TIRbCMunExSskmrbs;kmaMgEdlCaGBaat
cMnYnBIr tamviFIenHeKGackMNt;kmaMgEdlCaGBaatTIbIedaypal;BIrsmIkarenH.
RbsinebIkmaMgEdlCaGBaatBIrRsbKa eKRtUveFVIplbUkkmaMgtamTisEdlEkgeTAnwgkmaMg
TaMgBIrenaHedIm,ITTYl)ankmaMgEdlCa GBaatTIbIedaypal;.
dMeNaHRsay
Ggt; CF
daRkamGgesrI eKGacTTYlkmaMgenAkgrbs;Ggt; CF
edayBicarNamuxkat; aa enAkgrUbTI 3-26a. daRkam
GgesrInEpkxagsaMrbs;muxkat;enHRtUv)an bgajenAkg
rUbTI 3-26b.
smIkarlMnwg eKGacTTYl)andMeNaHRsayedaypal;
sRmab; FCF edayGnuvt M E = 0 . ehtuGVI? edIm,Igay
RsYlyl; eyIgnwgrMkil FCF eTAcMNuc C eKalkarN_nPaBGacbBan)an rUbTI 3-26b. dUcenH
+ ME = 0
Ggt; GC
daRkamGgesrI eKGacTTYlkmaMgenAkgrbs;Ggt; GC
edayBicarNamuxkat; bb enAkgrUbTI 3-26a. muxkat;kat;
Ggt;cMnYnbYn b:uEnkmaMgenAkgGgt; GC RtUv)anKNnarYc.
daRkamGgesrInEpkxageqVgrbs;muxkat;enHRtUv)anbgaj
karviPaK truss kMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-81
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
enAkgrUbTI 3-26c.
smIkarlMnwg eKeFVIplbUkm:Um:g;enARtg;cMNuc A edIm,Ilb;bM)at;GBaat FHG nig FCD . edayrMkil FCF
1.73kN eTAcMNuc C eyIg)an
+MA = 0
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay -82
NPIC
FGD = 1.80kN (C )
dMeNaHRsay
14.5(4.5) + FBC (6 ) = 0
FBC = 10.9kN (T )
14.5 6 + 6 FML = 0
FML = 14.5kN (T )
edayeRbIlTplTaMgenHdaRkamGgesrIntMN M RtUv)anbgajenA
kgrUbTI 3-28d.
smIkarlMnwg
+
3
3
FMK = 0
FMC
13
13
2
2
+ Fy = 0 14.5 6
FMK = 0
FMC
13
13
Fx = 0
T.Chhay
-83
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
FMK = 7.66kN (C )
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
FMC = 7.66kN (T )
T.Chhay -84
NPIC
FHG = 3.46kN (C )
T.Chhay
-85
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
enARtg;tMN.
10 10 FBH sin 45 o
+ FCE sin 45 o = 0
+
Fx = 0
(1)
(2)
(3)
FDG = 12.6kN (T )
T.Chhay -86
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
Fx = 0
FAB = 2.50kN (T )
T.Chhay
-87
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
eKGaceRbIviFIenHedaymanCMnYyBIkMuBTrEdlnwgmanbgajenAkgCMBUkTI14.
T.Chhay -88
NPIC
(1)
(2)
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-89
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -90
NPIC
kglMhpSMeLIgedayGgt;EdltPab;Ka
enARtg;cugrbs;edIm,IbegItCarcnasm<nman sirPaBbI
TMhM (stable three-dimension structure). enAkg
kfaxNTI 3-2 )anbgajBITRmg;dsamBabMputrbs;
truss mansirPaBBIrTMhMRtUv)anpSMeLIgedaykarteRmob
Ggt;CaragRtIekaN. tamTRmg;dUcKa rUbragsamBa
bMputrbs; truss kglMhEdlmansirPaBKWragctutl
(tetrahedron) EdlbegIteLIgeday eRbIGgt;r)arcMnYn6
EdltPab;Ka)antMN4 dUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 3-34.
karEfmGgt;bEnmeTAelIrag mUldanenHGaceFVI[va
manGBaatelIskgkarTb;Tl;kmaMg P . eKGacbegIt
truss kglMhecjBI ragmUldanctutledayEfmGgt;bI
CamYynwgtMNmYyedIm,ITTYl)anctutlEfmmYyeTot.
Truss
PaBkMNt; nigsirPaB
edaydwgfaenAkgbITMhM eKGacmansmIkarlMnwgcMnYnbIsRmab;Ggt;nImYy Fx = 0 / Fy = 0 /
Fz = 0 enaHsRmab; truss kglMhEdlmantMNcMnYn j eKGacmansmIkarlMnwgcMnYn 3 j . RbsinebI
karviPaK truss kMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-91
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
l = x2 + y2 + z2
(3-4)
T.Chhay -92
NPIC
T.Chhay
-93
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
x
Fx = F
l
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
y
Fy = F
l
z
Fz = F
l
(3-5)
cMNaMfa smamaRtxagelItRmUv[
F = Fx2 + Fy2 + Fz2
(3-6)
kareRbIR)as;smIkarTaMgenHnwgbgajenAkg]TahrN_ 3-12.
T.Chhay -94
NPIC
krNITI2 RbsinebIGgt;BIrkgcMeNamGgt;epSgeTotEdltPab;KaenARtg;tMNmYyCaGgt;kmaMgsUn
enaHGgt;EdlenAsl;BIrepSgeTotkCaGgt;kmaMgsUnEdr kgkrNIEdlBYkvaminsitenAelIbnat;Et
mYy. sanPaBEbbenHRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 3-37 EdleKdwgfaGgt; A nig C CaGgt;kmaMgsUn.
edaysar FD sitenAelIGkS y enaHkarGnuvtn Fx = 0 b Fz TamTar[bgMkmaMgtamGkS x b
GkS z rbs; FB RtUvEtesIsUn. dUcenH FB = 0 . ehIy FD = 0 edaysar Fy = 0 .
T.Chhay
-95
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
enHkMNt;edaysaTic edaysar b + r = 3 j
b 9 + 6 = 3(5) / rUbTI 3-38b.
kmaMgRbtikmTRm
eyIgGacTTYl)ankmaMgRbtikmTRmBIdaRkamGgesrIrbs; truss
TaMgmUl rUbTI 3-38b dUcxageRkam
Truss
M y = 0
4(2 ) + B x (4 ) = 0
Mz = 0
Cy = 0
Mx = 0
B y (4 ) 4(4 ) = 0
B y = 4kN
Fx = 0
2 Ax = 0
Ax = 2kN
Fy = 0
Ay 4 = 0
Ay = 4kN
Fz = 0
Az 4 = 0
Az = 4kN
B x = 2kN
T.Chhay -96
Fy = 0
Fx = 0
Fz = 0
NPIC
4
4 + FBE = 0
6
2
2 FBC 6 = 0
6
4
FBA 6 = 0
6
FBE = 6kN (T )
FBC = 0
FBA = 4kN (C )
4 4 + FAC sin 45 o = 0
FAC = 0
2
FAE
+ 4 = 0
5
1
2 + FAD + 4.47
= 0
5
FAE = 4.47 kN (C )
FAD = 0
FDE = 0
Fz = 0
FDC = 0
T.Chhay
-97
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay -98
NPIC
cMeNaT
3>1> cat;cMNat;fak; truss xageRkamCa truss
mansirPaB KansirPaB kMNt;edaysaTic min
kMNt;edaysaTic. RbsinebIminkMNt;bgaj
BIdWeRkrbs;va. Ggt;TaMgGs;RtUv)antPab;eday
snak;enAxagcugrbs;va.
T.Chhay
-99
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
FwmEdlQrenAelItMNxagelIrbs; truss.
kMNt;kmaMgkgGgt;nImYyrbs; truss ehIy
bgajBIsPaBkmaMg EdlGgt;rg. snt;Ggt;
TaMgGs;RtUv)antPab; edaytMNsnak;.
3>9> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;nImYyrbs;dMbUl
3>6> Truss EdlbgajRtUv)aneRbIedIm,IRT truss. bgajsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;Ggt;. snt;
kRmal deck. bnkBRgayenAelIkRmal Ggt;TaMgGs;tPab;Kaedaysnak;.
KW 30kN / m . bnkenHRtUv)aneprBIkRmaleTA
Problems
T.Chhay -100
NPIC
3>13> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;nImYyrbs;
dMbUl truss. bgajsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;Ggt;. 3>16> edaHRsaycMeNaT 3>15> eLIgvijeday
snt;famanEtbnk15kN b:ueNaHEdleFVIGMeBIelI
snt;Ggt;TaMgGs;tPab;Kaedaysnak;.
tMN I .
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-101
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay -102
NPIC
T.Chhay
-103
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
3>34> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;TaMgGs;rbs;
truss saMjaM. bgajBIsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;Ggt;.
CMnYy CMnYsGgt; JE edayGgt;Edldak;enA
cenaH K nig F .
3>31> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt; IH / AH nig
BC rbs; truss. bgajBIsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;
Ggt;.
3>35> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;TaMgGs;rbs;
truss saMjaM. bgajBIsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;Ggt;.
3>32> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;nImYy. bgaj snt;Ggt;TaMgGs;tPab;Kaedaysnak;.
BIsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;Ggt;.
Problems
T.Chhay -104
NPIC
3>43> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt; KJ / NJ /
ND nig CD n K-truss . bgajBIsPaBrg
3>40> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt; HG / BG nig kmaMgrbs;Ggt;.
BC rbs; truss. bgajBIsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;
Ggt;.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-105
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
3>45> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;TaMgGs;rbs;
truss saMjaM. bgajBIsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;Ggt;.
CMnYy CMnYsGgt; AD edayGgt;enAcenaH E
nig C .
T.Chhay -106
NPIC
3>50>
kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;nImYyrbs;
truss kglMh. bgajBIsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;
3>53> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;TaMgGs;rbs;
Ggt;.
truss saMjaM nigbgajBIsPaBrgkmaMgrbs;Ggt;.
CMnYy kmaMgRbtikmenARtg; E manGMeBItamGkS
EB . ehtuGVI?
T.Chhay
-107
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay -108
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
$> bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
Internal loading developed in structural members
rcnasm<nbITMhMkGacnwgrgm:Um:g;rmYl EdlmYlGgt;CMuvijGkSbeNayrbs;va.
karkMNt;sBaaenHnwgpl;PaBgayRsYlsRmab;kfaxN 4-2 nig 4-3 EdleyIgnwgbgaj V nig M CaGnuKmn_eTAnwg x rYceyIg
nwgKUrdaRkamnGnuKmn_enH. karkMNt;sBaamanlkNRsedognwgkarkMNt;[TisedA x mansBaabUkenAeBlvamanTisedA
eTAsaM nigTisedAeLIgelIsRmab; y enAeBlEdleyIgKUrdaRkamnGnuKmn_ y=f(x).
*
T.Chhay -109
NPIC
muxnwgkat;Ggt; eKcaM)ac;RtUvkMNt;RbtikmTRmrbs;Ggt;edIm,I[eKGaceRbIEtsmIkarlMnwg
edIm,IedaHRsayrkmaMgkgenAeBlEdlGgt;RtUv)ankat;.
RbsinebIGgt;mantMNsnak; eKGackMNt;klaMgRbtikmsnak;edayeRbIviFIenAkgkfaxN 2-5.
eKKYreFVIplbUkm:Um:g;enARtg;muxkat;CMuvijGkSEdlkat;tamTIRbCMuTmn;rbs;pmuxkat;rbs;Ggt;
edIm,IlubbM)at;GBaat N nig V ehIyeKnwgTTYl)andMeNaHRsaysRmab; N edaypal;.
RbsinebIdMeNaHRsaynsmIkarlMnwgEdlTTYl)anCaTMhMGviCman enaHTisedArbs;kmaMgKW
pyeTAnwgGIVEdl)anbgajenAkgdaRkamGgesrI.
bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-110
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
daRkamGgesrI RbsinebIeyIgBicarNadaRkamGgesrIrbs;kMNat;Ggt;EdlenAxagsaMdrbs;Ggt;
enaHeKmincaM)ac;KNnakmaMgRbtikmTRmenARtg;cMNuc A eT. daRkamsRmab;kMNat;Ggt; CB nig DB
RtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI4-2b nig4-2c. cMNaMfabnkxagkgsnt;eFVIGMeBItamTisviCman.
smIkarlMnwg
kMNat; CB / rUbTI 4-2b/
+ Fy = 0
VC 5 5 5 = 0
VC = 15kN
M C 5(1) 5(2 ) 5(3) 20 = 0
+ MC = 0
M C = 50kN .m
VD 5 5 5 = 0
VD = 20kN
+ MD = 0
]TahrN_enHbgajvakmaMgkat;mantmxusKaenARtg;pmuxkat; TaMgsgxagEdlrgkmaMgcMcMNuc
xNEdlm:Um:g;Bt;mantmdUcKa. dUcenHeKRtUvkMNt;kmaMgkat;cMnYnBIrenARtg;muxkat;rgkmaMgcMcMNuc.
T.Chhay -111
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
smIkarlMnwg
+ Fy = 0
+ MC = 0
45 15 VC = 0
VC = 30kN
45(2 ) + 15(0.667 ) + M C = 0
M C = 80kN .m
]TahrN_enHbgajBIsarsMxan;kgkarrkSabnkBRgay[enAelIFwmrhUtdl;eRkayeBlEdlFwm
RtUv)ankat;. RbsinebIFwmenARtg;rUbTI 4-3b RtUv)ankat;enARtg;cMNuc C enaH\TiBlrbs;bnkBRgay
enAelIkMNat;Ggt; AC nwgminRtUv)anKit ehIylTplVC = 45kN nig M C = 90kN .m EdlTTYl)an
nwgxus.
T.Chhay
-112
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
+ MC = 0
18.75 30 Vc = 0
VC = 11.25kN
18.75(3.75) + 30(0.75) + M C = 0
M C = 47.8kN .m
T.Chhay -113
NPIC
bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-114
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
1 10 x
135
x V = 0
2 3
V = 135 1.667 x 2
T.Chhay -115
+ MS = 0
NPIC
1 10 x x
810 135 x +
x M = 0
2 3 3
10 x
dV / dx =
=w
3
cMNaMfa dM / dx = V nig
EdlsRmab;karRtYtBinitlTpl.
dMeNaHRsay
+ MS = 0
480 50 x1 V = 0
V = 480 50 x1
x
2274 480 x1 + 50 x1 1 + M = 0
2
+ MS = 0
480 180 V = 0
V = 300
M = 300 x 2 1950
T.Chhay
-116
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
+ MS = 0
1
x
75 10 x (20) x V = 0
9
2
x 1
x x
75 x + (10 x ) + (20) x + M = 0
2 2
9 3
V = 75 10 x 1.11x 2
M = 75 x 5 x 2 0.370 x 3
T.Chhay -117
NPIC
+ MS = 0
V + w(x )x (V + V ) = 0
V = w(x )x
Vx M w( x )x (x ) + (M + M ) = 0
M = Vx + w(x ) (x )2
bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
(4-1)
T.Chhay
-118
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
CRmalrbs;daRkamkmaMgkat; = GaMgtg;sIurbs;bnkBRgay
dM
=V
dx
(4-2)
V = w(x )dx
(4-3)
M = V ( x )dx
(4-4)
CRmalrbs;daRkamm:Um:g;Bt; = GaMgtg;sIurbs;bnkBRgay
eKRtUveFVIkarkt;cMNaMfa smIkar 4-1 bgajBIPaBesIKanCRmalrbs;daRkamkmaMgkat; (dV / dx ) nig
GaMgtg;sIuetrbs;bnkBRgay w(x ) . dUcKa smIkar 4-2 bgajfaCRmalrbs;daRkamm:Um:g; (dM / dx )
esInwgGaMgtg;sIuetrbs;kmaMgkat;.
eKGaceFVIGaMgetRkalsmIkar 4-1 nig 4-2 BIcMNucmYyeTAcMNucmYyeTotrvagbnkcMcMNuc
bm:Um:g; dUcCa BIcMNuc B eTAcMNuc C enAkgrUbTI 4-9a EdlenAkgkrNIenH
bERmbRmYlkmaMgkat; = RkLapndaRkambnkBRgay
nig
bERmbRmYlm:Um:g;Bt; = RkLapndaRkamkmaMgkat;
eKRtUveFVIkarkt;cMNaMfa smIkar 4-3 bgajBIPaBesIKanbERmbRmYlkmaMgkat;rvagBIrcMNucCamYynwg
RkLapndaRkambnkBRgayrvagcMNucenaH. dUcKa smIkar 4-4 bgajfabERmbRmYlm:Um:g;Bt;rvag
BIrcMNucesInwgRkLapndaRkamkmaMgkat;enAcenaHcMNucenaH. RbsinebIeKgayRsYlKNnaRkLap
rbs;daRkambnk nigdaRkamkmaMgkat; enaHsmIkar 4-3 nig4-4 pl;nUvviFIsRmab;kMNt;tmrbs;
kmaMgkat; nig m:Um:g;Bt;CatmelxenARtg;cMNucepSgenAtambeNayFwm.
T.Chhay -119
+ Fy = 0
NPIC
V = F
(4-5)
M = M '
(4-6)
T.Chhay
-120
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
eKmincaM)ac;cgcaMlTplTaMgenHeT EteKRtUvsikSa[)anht;ct;dUcenHeKGacyl;BIrebobsg;daRkam
kmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;Bt;edayEpkelIkaryl;dwgBIbERmbRmYlnCRmalBIdaRkambnk nigda
RkamkmaMgkat; erogKa.
T.Chhay -121
NPIC
RkLapdaRkamkmaMgkat;.
edaysareKeFVIGaMgetRkaleTAelI V (x ) edIm,ITTYl)an M enaHRbsinebI V (x ) CaExSekagdWeRkTI
n enaH M (x ) nwgkayCaExSekagdWeRkTI n + 1 . Ca]TahrN_ RbsinebI V (x ) CaExSekagbnat; enaH
M ( x ) CaExSekag)a:ra:bUl.
dMeNaHRsay
kmaMgRbtikmTRm
kmaMgRbtikmRtUv)anbgajenAelIdaRkamGgesrIrbs;Fwm
rUbTI 4-11b.
daRkamkmaMgkat; dMbUgsg;kmaMgkat;enAcMNuccug x = 0 /
V = +30kN nig x = 9m / V = 60kN .
edaysarbnk w GviCman ehIyekIneLIgCalkNbnat;
enaHCRmalrbs;daRkamkmaMgkat;ekIneLIglkNbnat;
EttmfycuH dV / dx = w .
eKRtUvkMNt;cMNucEdlkmaMgkat;esIsUnedayeRbI
viFImuxkat;BIkMNat;FwmelIRbEvg x rUbTI 4-11e. eyIg
TamTar[ V = 0 dUcenH
+ Fy = 0
1 x
30 20 x = 0
2 9
x = 5.20m
T.Chhay
-122
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
1 5.20
5.20
30(5.20 ) + 20
+M =0
(5.20)
2 9
3
M = 104kN .m
T.Chhay -123
NPIC
T.Chhay
-124
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -125
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-126
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -127
NPIC
rMlwkfaeRKagCarcnasm<nEdlGgt;CaeRcInRtUv)antPab;edaytMNbgb; nigtMNsnak;enAxag
cugrbs;va. karsikSaKNnaBIeRKOgbgMenATamTarkarKUrdaRkamkmagM kat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;
Ggt;nImYy. edIm,IviPaKRKb;cMeNaTTaMgGs; eyIgGaceRbIdMeNIrkarsRmab;karviPaKEdlmanerobrab;
enAkgkfaxN 4-3. dMbUg vaTamTarkarkMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRmeRKag. bnab;mkedayeRbIviFI
muxkat; eyIgGacrkkmaMgtamGkS kmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;Bt;EdlmanGMeBIenARtg;cugrbs;Ggt;nImYy.
bnkxageRkATaMgGs;RtUv)anbMEbk[eFVIGMeBIEkg nigRsbnwgGkSrbs;Ggt; bnab;mkeKGacKUrdaRkam
kmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;Ggt;nImYydUckarerobrab;enAkgkfaxNelIkmun.
enAeBlKUrdaRkamm:Um:g; eKeRcIneRbIkarkMNt;sBaamYykgcMeNamBIrenAkgkarGnuvt. CaTUeTA
RbsinebIeRKagplitBIebtugGarem: GksikSaKNnaniymKUrdaRkamm:Um:g;viCmanenAEpkxagTajrbs;
eRKag. ma:gvijeTot RbsinebIm:Um:g;begItkugRtaMgTajenApxageRkArbs;eRKag. edaysarebtugman
ersIusg;TajtUc enaHeKGacdwgBIEpkEdlRtUvkarEdkBRgwgedayRKan;EteXIjdaRkamm:Um:g;. b:uEnenA
kgesovePAenH eyIgnwgeRbIkarkMNt;sBaapyBIGIVEdlerobrab;xagelI edayeyIgnwgKUrdaRkamm:Um:g;
bUkenAEpkrgkugRtaMgsgt;. karkMNt;sBaaRtUv)anGnuvtsRmab;FwmEdlerobrab;enAkgkfaxN 4-1.
bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-128
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
]TahrN_xageRkambgajBIdMeNIrkarGnuvtCaelx.
CaTRmsnak;.
dMeNaHRsay
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay -129
NPIC
bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-130
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay -131
NPIC
$>%> karsg;daRkamm:Um:g;Bt;edayeRbIviFItRmYtpl
(Moment diagrams constructed by the method of superposition)
edaysareKeRbIFwmedIm,ITb;Tl;nwgkugRtaMgBt; enaHdMeNaHRsayndaRkamm:Um:g;RtUv)aneKeRbI
CacaM)ac;sRmab;karsikSaKNnamuxkat;rbs;Ggt;. enAkgkfaxN 4-3 eKsg;daRkamm:Um:g;Bt; eday
dMbUgeKRtUvdaRkamkmaMgkat;. b:uEnRbsinebIeyIgeRbIeKalkarN_tRmYtpl enaHeyIgGacKitkmaMgEdl
manGMeBIelIFwmdac;edayELkBIKa bnab;mkeyIgGacsg;daRkamm:Um:g;nGgt;nImYyEdlbNalBI
kmaMgGnuvtn_nImYy. eyIgnwgeXIjBIGtRbeyaCn_rbs;viFIenH enAeBleyIgGnuvtviFIPaBdabeday
FrNImaRt (geometric deflection method) edIm,IkMNt;PaBdabrbs;Fwm nigkmaMgRbtikmenAelIFwm
minkMNt;edaysaTic.
sRmab;karviPaKeRKOgbgM bnkPaKeRcInEdlmanGMeBIenAelIFwmeRcInpSMeLIgedaybnkEdl
bgajenAkgrUbTI 4-20. karsg;daRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;eFVIkarbUkbBalKamanbgajenAkg]TahrN_
4-8. edIm,Iyl;BIrebobeRbIviFItRmYlplsRmab;sg;daRkamm:Um:g; eyIgniwgBicarNaFwmTRmsamBaenA
xagelI eKbMputnrUbTI 4-21a. enATIenHkmaMgRbtikmRtUv)anKNna dUcenHehIyRbBnkmaMgenAelI
FwmbegIt)ankmaMgpb nigm:Um:g;pbesIsUn. daRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;krNIenHRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbxag
bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-132
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
tamrebobdUcKa eyIgGacsMrYlkarsagsg;daRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;FwmedayeRbIviFItRmytplnFwm
TRmsamBa. Ca]TahrN_ bnkenAelIFwmEdlbgajenAxagelIbMputnrUbTI 4-22a smmUleTAnwgFwm
rgbnkEdlbgajenAxageRkamva. dUcenH eKGaceRbIdaRkamm:Um:g;dac;edayELksRmab;FwmTaMgbI
Internal loading developed in structural members
T.Chhay -133
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
RbsinebIFwmRtUv)anRTCalkNFwmkugsulenARtg;cMNuc B vaRtUvrgbnksmmUledaysaTicEdl
bgajenAkgrUbTI 4-23a. karbUkbBalKanUvFwmkugsulTaMgbIRtUv)anbgajenAxageRkamva edayrYm
CamYy nwgdaRkamm:Um:g;nFwmnImYykgrUbTI 4-23b. CMnYykgkarsg;daRkamTaMgenH manbgaj
enAkgrUb TI 4-20. eTaHbICamincaM)ac;enATIenHkeday eKKYrKUrdaRkamm:Um:g;nbnksrub. sRmab;kar
Gnuvt sakl,gsg;daRkamenH nigRtYtBinitlTplrbs;va.
bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-134
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay -135
bnkxagkgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM
NPIC
T.Chhay
-136
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
4>1> kMNt;kmaMgkat; kmaMgtamGkS nigm:Um:g;
Bt;enARtg;cMNuc C nig D . snt;faTRmRtg;
cMNuc B CaTRmkl;. cMNuc C EdlmanTItaMg
enAxagsaM bnk 40kN Etbnic.
Problems
T.Chhay -137
NPIC
4>17> RKwHebtugCab;RTssrBIrEdlrgbnk. Rb
sinebIeKsnt;fasm<aFdIxageRkamRKwHBRgayesI
cUrkMNt;GaMgtg;sIuet w rbs;va nigcMgayKMlat
d rbs;ssrenARtg; B . KUrdaRkamkmaMgkat;
nigdaRkamm:Um:g;Bt;rbs;RKwHenH.
T.Chhay
-138
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -139
NPIC
TRmsnak;. kRmalRtUv)anRTedayTRmsamBa
enAelIrnUtRtg; C / D / E / F nig G .
4>29> sg;daRkamkmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;
Bt;sRmab;Fwm nigkMNt;kmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;Bt;
enAkgFwmCaGnuKmn_n x .
-140
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
4>43> Fwmrgm:Um:g;BRgayesI
m m:Um:g; / RbEvg. sg;daRkamkmaMgkat;
nigdaRkamm:Um:g;Bt; sRmab;Fwm.
4>44> RbBnkRmalsRmab;GKarmYypSMeLIg
4>40> sg;daRkamkmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g; eday rtEdlRTrnUtTTwg ehIyrnUtenaHRT
Bt;sRmab;Fwm. TRmRtg; A nig B GnuvtEtkmaMg kRmalbn eTotedayTRmsamBa. sg;da
RkamkmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;Bt;sRmab;rt.
RbtikmbBareTAelIFwm.
snt;rtRTedayTRmsamBa.
Problems
T.Chhay -141
NPIC
4>50> FwmebtugRTCBaaMgEdlGnuvtbnkBRgay
mkelIFwmdUcbgaj. FwmenHmanTMhMmuxkat;
300mm 650mm nigeFVIBIebtugEdlmandg;sIuet = 23.6kN / m3 . sg;daRkamkmaMgkat;
nigdaRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;Fwm ehIykMNt;m:Um:g;
Gtibrma nigm:Um:g;Gb,brmaenAkgFwm.
ecalTmn;rbs;EdkBRgwgnAkgFwm.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-142
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
Problems
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -143
NPIC
T.Chhay
-144
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay -145
NPIC
T.Chhay
-146
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
KMerag-3> bg;eRKagmU:EDlsRmab;RbBnkRmal
xNEdl manTItaMgenAkgrebogTTYlePJvn
GKarkariyalyRtUv)anbgajkgrUb. kRmal
RtUv)anplit BIebtugBRgwgedayEdkEdlman
kRmas; 100mm . RbsinebICBaaMgrbs;CeNIr
yneyageFVIBIbktan; ebtugTmn;RsalkRmas;
100mm nigmankm<s; 3m kMNt;m:Um:g;Gtibrma
enAkgFwm AB . ecal Tmn;rbs;Ggt;.
Problems
T.Chhay -147
NPIC
enAeBlEdlkabEdlecalTmn;pal;xnyYrbnkcMcMNucCaeRcIn enaHkabmanragCakMNat;bnat;
Rtg;CaeRcIn EdlkMNat;nImYykmaMgTajefr. ]TahrN_ eKmankabdUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 5-1. enATI
kab nigeRKOgbgMekagbBar
T.Chhay
-148
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
GBaatbICakmaMgTajkgkab enAkgkMNat;kabnImYy.
T.Chhay -149
NPIC
Fx = 0
+ Fy = 0
BC = 32.3o
TBC = 4.82kN
Fx = 0
+ Fy = 0
TBA sin BA 4.82kN sin 32.3o 3kN = 0
BC = 53.8 o
TBA = 6.90kN
T.Chhay
-150
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
edIm,IviPaKeRKOgbgMEbbenH dMbUgeyIgRtUvkMNt;rUbragrbs;kabEdlrgbnkBRgayesIbBar
wo rUbTI 5-3a. enATIenH eKalrbs;GkS x nig y manTItaMgenAcMNuceRkambMput dUcenHCRmalenA
Rtg;cMNucenHesIsUn. daRkamGgesrIrbs;kMNat;kabdtUcEdlmanRbEvg s RtUv)anbgajenAkg
rUbTI 5-3b. edaysarkmaMgTajenAkgkabpas;brCabnbnab;TaMgTMhM nigTistambeNayRbEvgkab
enaHeKtagbERmbRmYlenHeday T enAelIdaRkamGgesrI. kmaMgpbrbs;bnkBRgayesIRtUv)antag
eday wo x EdlmanGMeBIenAcmay x / 2 BIcMNuc O . edayGnuvtsmIkarlMnwg eyIg)an
+
Fx = 0
+ Fy = 0
+ MO = 0
T cos + (T + T ) cos( + ) = 0
T sin wo (x ) + (T + T )sin ( + ) = 0
wo (x )(x / 2) T cos y + T sin x = 0
(5-1)
(5-2)
(5-3)
(5-4)
T sin = wo x
(5-5)
EdlbgajbgMkmaMgedkenARKb;cMNucTaMgGs;tam beNaykabenArkSatmefr.
edayeFVIGaMgetRkalsmIkar 5-2/ nigedaydwgfa T sin = 0 enARtg; x = 0 eyIg)an
Cables and Arches
T.Chhay -151
NPIC
dy wo x
=
dx FH
(5-6)
wo 2
x
2 FH
(5-7)
h
2
x2
(5-9)
(5-10)
(5-11)
T.Chhay
-152
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
enARtg;cMNuc A / B nig C .
dMeNaHRsay
wo 2 12kN / m 2
6 2
x =
x =
x
2 FH
2 FH
FH
(1)
6 2
x'
FH
FH = 1.0 x ' 2
(2)
dUcKa sRmab;cMNuc A
Cables and Arches
T.Chhay -153
NPIC
6
[ (30 x')]2
FH
6
12 =
[ (30 x')]2
2
1.0 x'
12 =
enARtg;cMNuc A
FH = 1.0(12.43)2 = 154.4kN
12
dy
=
x = 0.07772 x
dx 154.4
(3)
A = 53.79 o
edayeRbIsmIkar 5-4
TA =
FH
154.4
=
= 261.4kN
cos A cos 53.79 o
enARtg;cMNuc B / x = 0
tan B =
dy
dx
=0
x =0
B = 0o
FH
154.4
TB =
=
= 154.4kN
cos B cos 0 o
enARtg;cMNuc C / x = 12.43m
tan C =
dy
dx
= 0.0772(12.43) = 0.966
x =12.43
C = 44.0 o
TC =
FH
154.4
=
= 214.6kN
cos C cos 44.0 o
T.Chhay
-154
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
BIsmIkarTaMgBIr
18.75 = 0.667 FH
FH = 28.125kN
T.Chhay -155
NPIC
2 FH h 2(28.125kN )(8m )
=
= 3.125kN / m
L
(12m )2
T.Chhay
-156
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -157
NPIC
kab nigeRKOgbgMekagbBar
T.Chhay
-158
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
+ M A = 0
C y = 160kN
sRmab;kMNat;; arch BC
160kN (10m ) + 160kN (20m ) C x (10m ) = 0
+ MB = 0
C x = 160kN
+
Fx = 0
B x = 160kN
+ Fy = 0
B y 160kN + 160kN = 0
By = 0
dUcbgajenAkg
dy 20
=
x
= 0.5
dx (20 )2
x =10 m
= 26.6 o
Fx = 0
+ Fy = 0
+ MD = 0
T.Chhay -159
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
Fx = 0
Ax = 0
+ Fy = 0
kab nigeRKOgbgMekagbBar
-160
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
bnab;mk
+
Fx = 0
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
FAE = 21.0kN
C x + 21.0kN = 0
C x = 21.0kN
+ Fy = 0
FGC 20kN = 0
FGC = 20kN (C )
Fx = 0
+ Fy = 0
dUcenH
FCB
FCB
3
2
= 0
21.0kN FCH
10
10
1
1
+ FCH
20kN + 10kN = 0
10
10
FCB = 26.9kN (C )
FCH = 4.74kN (T )
kMNt; h1 ntMN B nigtMN D edIm,I[ arch manragCa funicular shape. Ggt; HG CaGgt;kmaMg
sUn.
T.Chhay -161
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
dUcenH
BIrUbTI 5-12a
kab nigeRKOgbgMekagbBar
T.Chhay
-162
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
5>1> kMNat;kabyYrbnkdUcbgajkgrUbxag
eRkam. kMNt;cmay yc BIkmaMgenARtg; C eTA
cMNuc D . yk P = 20kN .
5>4> RbsinebIkMNat;kabnImYykgrUbxagelI
RTkmaMgTaj Gtibrma 375N cUrkMNt;bnk P
EdlGacGnuvt)an.
5>5> kMNat;kabyYrbnkbIdUcbgajkgrUbxag
eRkam. kMNt;RbEvgdk; y B nig y D ncMNuc B
nig D . yk P1 = 4kN / P2 = 2.5kN .
5>2> kMNat;kabyYrbnkdUcbgajkgrUbxagelI.
kMNt;TMhM rbs;kmaMgbBar P edIm,I[ yc =
3m .
5>3> kMNat;kmaMgTajenAkgkMNat;kabnImYy
nigRbEvgsrubrbs;kab. yk P = 400 N .
5>6> kMNat;kabyYrbnkbIdUcbgajkgrUbxagelI.
kMNt;TMhM P1 RbsinebI P2 = 3kN nig y B = 0.8m .
dUcKakMNt;RbEvgdk; y D .
5>7> kMNat;kmaMgTajenAkgkMNat;kabnImYy
nigRbEvgsrubrbs;kab.
T.Chhay -163
kMNt;RbEvgdk;rbs;cMNuc B .
5>9>
kMNt;kmaMg P EdlRtUvkaredIm,IeFVI[ kabmanTIt
aMgdUcbgaj eBalKWeFVI[kMNat;
BC enAEtrkSaPaBedkdEdl. ehIyKNna
RbEvgdk; yB
nigkmaMgTajGtibrmaenAkgkab.
5>10> kabyYrbnkdUcbgajkgrUbxageRkam.
kMNt;cmay xB
BIcMNuc B eRkamGMeBInkmaMgeTA cMNuc A .
yk P = 200 N .
NPIC
5>12> kMNt;bnkBRgayGtibrmaEdlkabGac
yYr)an RbsinebIersIusg;kmaMgTajGtibrma
rbs;kabKW15kN .
5>14> kabyYrrtEdlmanTmn;12.75kN / m .
kMNt;kmaMgTajenAkgkabRtg;cMNuc A .
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-164
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay -165
NPIC
-166
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay -167
NPIC
^> ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
Influence lines for statically determinate structures
ExS\TiBlmansarsMxan;kgkarGnuvtsRmab;karsikSaKNnaeRKOgbgMEdlTb;Tl;nwgbnkGrefrEdl
mantmFM. CMBUkenHmankarerobrab;BIrebobKUrExS\TiBlsRmab;eRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic. RTwsI
RtUv)anGnuvteTAelIbnkBRgay besrInbnkcMcMNuc ehIykpl;nUvkarGnuvtCak;lak;eTAelIrtkRmal
(floor girder) nig truss s<an. karKNnakmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgGgt;RtUv)anerob
rab;enAcugbBab;nCMBUkenH.
eyIg)ansikSarYcehIyBIbeckeTssRmab;viPaKkmaMgenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgMEdlekItBIbnkmin
clt Kanclna. eyIgeXIjfadaRkamkmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;Bt;CameFa)aydRbesIrkgkar
bgajBIbERmbRmYlkmaMgTaMgenHenAkgGgt;. b:uEnRbsinebIeRKOgbgMrgbnkclt manclna ExS
\TiBl (influence line) CameFa)aydlbMputkgkarbgajBIbERmbRmYlkmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;Bt;Edl
ekItmanenAkgGgt;eRKOgbgM. ExS\TiBlbgajbERmbRmYlrbs;kmaMgRbtikm kmaMgkat; m:Um:g;Bt; nig
PaBdab enARtg;cMNucCak;lak;enAelIFwmeRkamGMeBInkarcltrbs;bnkcMcMNuc. enAeBlEdleKsg;
ExS\TiBlrYc ehIyeKGacR)ab;BITItaMgrbs;bnkcltedIm,IbegIt[man\TiBlFMbMput. elIsBIenH eK
GackMNt; TMhMrbs;kmaMgRbtikm kmaMgkat; m:Um:g;Bt; bPaBdabeRkamGMeBIrbs;bnkenARtg;cMNucNa
mYyBIGredaen rbs;daRkamExS\TiBl. sRmab;mUlehtuenH ExS\TiBledIrtYy:agsMxan;kgkarsikSa
KNnas<an/ pvrt;rbs;]bkrN_eyag (industrial crane rails, conveyor) nigeRKOgbgMdTeTotEdl
bnkcltelIElVgrbs;va.
eTaHbICadMeNIrkarsagsg;ExS\TiBlmanlkNmUldankeday EteKRtUvEbgEck[dac;BIKa
rvagkarsg;ExS\TiBl nigkarsg;daRkamkmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;Bt;. ExS\TiBlbgajEtBI\TiBlrbs;bnkcltenARtg;TItaMgCak;lak;enAelIGgt; EtdaRkamkmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;bgaj
BI\TiBlrbs;bnkGcltenARKb;cMNucTaMgGs;tambeNayGkSrbs;Ggt;.
xageRkamCaviFIBIrEdlRtUv)aneKeRbIedIm,Isg;ExS\TiBlenARtg;cMNucCak;lak; P enAkgGgt;
ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-168
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
mUlehtunkareRCIserIsenHRtUv)anbgajenAkgkfaxN 6.2.
T.Chhay
-169
NPIC
Ay = 1
1
x
10
smIkarbnat;enHRtUv)ansg;CadaRkamenAkgrUbTI 6-1e.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-170
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
B y (5) 1( x ) = 0
By =
1
x
5
smIkarbnat;enHRtUv)ansg;CadaRkamenAkgrUbTI 6-2c.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-171
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
0 x < 4m
4m < x 12m
smIkarTaMgenHRtUv)anbgajCadaRkamenAkgrUbTI 6-4c.
ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-172
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
M C + 1(5 x ) 1 x 5 = 0
10
T.Chhay
-173
NPIC
1
x
2
1
M C 1 x 5 = 0
10
1
MC = 5 x
2
MC =
+ MC = 0
0 x < 5m
5m < x 10m
dMeNaHRsay
1
x
2
MC = 4
0 x < 4m
1
x
2
4m < x 12m
smIkarTaMgenHRtUv)ansg;CadaRkamdUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 6-6c.
ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-174
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-175
NPIC
]TahrN_ 6-7
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-176
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Vc = 0.75(4kN ) = 3kN
1
VC = (10m 2.5m )(0.75) 2kN / m = 5.625kN
kmaMgkat;GtibrmasrubenARtg;cMNuc C
(VC )max = 3kN + 5.625kN = 8.625kN
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-177
NPIC
= 4.63kN
= 3.31kN
= 2.46kN.m
ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-178
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
RbsinebIeKRtUvkarkMNt;rUbragrbs;ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enARtg; cMNuc C rUbTI 613a eKGaceFVInimitsBaapvr:UlU (roller guide) Rtg;cMNuc C dUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 6-13b. ]bkrN_
enHnwgTb;Tb;m:Um:g; nig kmaMgtamGkS EtminTb;Tl;nwgkmaMgkat;eT . edayGnuvtkmaMgkat;viCmanVC
eTA elIFwmRtg;cMNuc C nigedayGnuBaat[FwmdabdUcTItaMgbnat;dac; enaHExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;
Rtg;cMNuc C manragdUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 6-13c. cugeRkay RbsinebIeKRtUvkarkMNt;ragExS\TiBl
sRmab;m:Um:g;Rtg;cMNuc C rUbTI 6-14a eKRtUvdak;snak;enARtg;cMNuc C edaysartMNenHTb;Tl;
kmaMg tamGkS nigkmaMgkat; EtminTb;Tl;nwgm:Um:g;eT rUbTI 6-14b. edayGnuvtm:Um:g;viCman M C
eTAelI FwmRtg;cMNuc C Fwmnwg dabdUcTItaMgbnat;dac; EdlCaragExS\TiBlsRmab;m:Um:g;Bt;Rtg;cMNuc
C rUbTI 6-13d.
RKb;karBnl;TaMgGs;rUbragdabRtUv)anKUredaymaRtdanFMCagedIm,IbgajBIeKalKMnit.
enATIenHr:UlUCanimitsBaaTRmEdlTb;Tl;bnkTaMgkarTaj nigTaMgkarsgt; emIltarag 2-1 TRm (2).
T.Chhay
-179
NPIC
RbsinebIeK[ y = 1 enaH
Ay = y '
T.Chhay
-180
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
VC y 1y ' = 0
ehIyeK)anbegItrUbragrbs;ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc C .
cugeRkay snt;snak;RtUv)anbegItenAkgFwmRtg;cMNuc C rUbTI 6-15d. RbsinebImMurgVil
RtUv)anbegItenARtg;snak; kmnnimitRtUv)anbegItedaym:Um:g;xagkg nigbnkkta. dUcenH
M C 1y ' = 0
edayyk = 1 eyIgeXIjfa
M C = y '
T.Chhay
-181
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc B .
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-182
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
m:Um:g;Bt;e nARtg;cMNuc B .
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-183
NPIC
ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-184
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
+ MD = 0
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
M D 20(2) + 19(4) = 0
M D = 36kN .m
eyIgkGacedaHRsaycMeNaTenHedayeRbItmCaelxsRmab;ExS\TiBldUcenAkgkfaxN 6-1.
edaykarGegtrUbTI 6-19b Cak;Esg eKRtUvkarKNnaEttmkMBUl h Rtg; D b:ueNaH. dUcenHvaTamTar
[dak;bnkktaenAelIFwmRtg;cMNuc D kgrUbTI 6-19a nigbnab;mkedaHRsaym:Um:g;Bt;enAkgFwm
Rtg;cMNuc D . bgajfatmEdlTTYl)anKW h = 1.333 . edayRtIekaNdUc h' /(4 2) = 1.33 /(6 4)
b h'= 1.333 . dUcenH CamYynwgbnkenAelIFwmdUcenAkgrUbTI 6-19c edayeRbIRkLap nigtmkMBUl
nExS\TiBl rUbTI 6-19b eyIg)an
1
M D = 5 (10 4)(1.333) + 16(1.333) 2 (4)(1.333)
2
2
= 36kN.m
T.Chhay
-185
NPIC
KNnakmaMgRbtikm F1 nig F2 enAelIrt. bnab;mkkMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg; P edayviFImuxkat; rUbTI 620d. CalTpleyIgnwgTTYl)an M P = F1d FB (d s ) . edayeRbIkarviPaKdUcKa eyIgnwgTTYl
)an VP mantmefrelI panel BC TaMgmUl Edl VP = F1 FB dUcenHvaminGaRsynwgTItaMgCak;lak;
d rbs; P enAkg panel eT. sRmab;mUlehtuenH ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;rbs;kRmalrtRtUv)an
kMNt;sRmab; panel minEmnRtg;cMNucNamYytambeNayrteT. kmaMgkat;enAkgrtRtUv)aneK[
eQaHfa panel shear. eKRtUvcMNaMfa edaysarrtrg\TiBledaysarEtbnkEdlepredayFwmkRmal
CaeKTUeTAeKeRcIndak;bnkktaenARtg;TItaMgFwmkRmalnImYyedIm,IbegItTinnycaM)ac;edIm,IKUrExS\TiBl.
]TarhrN_CatmelxxageRkamnwgbgajy:agc,as;BIkarviPaKkmaMg.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-186
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
ExS\TiBl enAeBlEdlelxCMnYskgtaragRtUv)ansg;CadaRkamedayPab;BIcMNucmYyeTAcMNucmYy
edaybnat;Rtg; lTplnExS\TiBlsRmab; VCD RtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 6-21e.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-187
NPIC
T.Chhay
-188
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-189
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-190
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-191
NPIC
kmaMgGtibrmasrub
(FBC )max = 1.33kN + 160kN = 293kN
^>^> \TiBlGtibrmaenARtg;cMNucmYyEdlbNalBIesrInbnkcMcMNuc
(Maximum influence at a point due to a series of concentrated loads)
enAeBleKsg;ExS\TiBlrbs;GnuKmn_kmaMgsRmab;cMNucmYyenAkgeRKOgbgMrUcehIy eKGac
kMNt;\TiBlGtibrmaEdlbNalBIkmaMgcMcMNucGefredayKuNGredaenkMBUlrbs;ExS\TiBlCamYynwg
TMhMrbs;kmaMg. b:uEnenAkgkrNIxH eRKOgbgMEtgEtrgnUvesrInbnkcMcMNuc dUcCabnkrbs;kg;rfyn
dwkTMnij brfePIg. edIm,IkMNt;\TiBlGtibrmaenAkgkrNIEbbenH eKGaceRbIviFIsakl,gEktRmUv
(trial-and-error procedure) beRbIviFIEdlQrelIkarbERmbRmYlGnuKmn_kmaMgEdlKitfabnkclt.
enATIenH viFInImYyRtUv)anBnl;sRmab;karGnuvteTAelIkmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;Bt;.
kmaMgkat; eKmanFwmTRmsamBaCamYynwgExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc C enAkgrUbTI 627a. eKGackMNt;kmaMgkat;viCmanGtibrmaenARtg;cMNuc C EdlbNalBIesrInbnkcMcMNucEdl
cltelIFwmBIsaMeTAeqVg. bnkeRKaHfak;ekItmanenAeBleKdak;bnkmYyenAxagsaMcMNuc C bnicEdl
kmaMgTajFMbMputenAkgGgt; GB n]TahrN_ 6-15 ekItmanenAeBlbnkBRgayeFVIGMeBIenAelI truss BI x = 0m eTA 8m
rUbTI 6-24d
*
ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-192
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-193
NPIC
T.Chhay
-194
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
]TahrN_xageRkamnwgbgajBIbEnmBIviFIenH.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-195
NPIC
T.Chhay
-196
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-197
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-198
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
sRmab;FwmTRmsamBakmaMgkat;Gtibrmadac;xatnwgekItmanenAEk,rTRmNamYy. enAkgkrNI
enH eKdak;bnky:agNa[bnkmYyenAEk,rTRmCabnbnab; dUcenAkgrUbTI 6-33.
m:Um:g;Bt; m:Um:g;Bt;Gtibrmadac;xatsRmab;FwmkugsulekItmanenARtg;cMNucdUcKanwgkarekItmankmaMg
kat;Gtibrmadac;xat eTaHbICaenAkgkrNIenHbnkcMcMNucmanTItaMgenAcugqayBITRmkeday dUcenAkg
rUbTI 6-34.
T.Chhay
-199
MB = 0
Ay =
NPIC
1
(FR ) L x' x
L
2
M 2 = Ay x F1d1
2
1
L
L
FR L FR x' FR x 2 FR x x'
+
F1d1
4
2
2
L
2 F x F x'
dM 2
= R + R =0
dx
L
L
x'
x=
2
b
dUcenH eyIgGacsnidanfam:Um:g;Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgFwmTRmsamBaekItmaneRkamGMeBInkmaMgcM
cMNucmYy EdlkmaMgenHmanTItaMgenAelIFwmEbbNaEdlva nigkmaMgpbnRbBnkmaMgmancmayesIKa
BIcMNuckNalFwm. edaysareKmanesrInkmaMgenAelIElVg ]TahrN_ F1 / F2 / F3 kgrUbTI 635a eKRtUvGnuvteKalkarN_eTAelIbnknImYynesrIbnk nigKNnam:Um:g;GtibrmaEdlRtUvnwgkmaMg
enaH. edaykareRbobeFob m:Um:g;EdlmanTMhMFMCageKCam:Um:g;Gtibrmadac;xat. CaTUeTA m:Um:g;Gtibrma
dac;xateRcInekItmaneRkamGMeBIkmaMgEdlFMCageKEdlsitenAEk,rkmaMgpbrbs;RbBnkmaMg.
T.Chhay
-200
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
6-36a.
dMeNaHRsay
FR = 8 + 6 + 4 = 18kN
18 x = 6(3) + 4(4.5)
x = 2m
Ay (9 ) + 18(5) = 0
Ay = 10kN
10(5) + 8(3) + M S = 0
M S = 26.0kN .m
T.Chhay
-201
NPIC
edaykareRbobeFob m:Um:g;Gtibrmadac;xagKW
M S = 26kN .m
ExS\TiBlsRmab;rcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTic
T.Chhay
-202
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
6>1> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) kmaMgRbtikm
bBarenARtg;cMNuc A (b) kmaMgkat;enARtg;
cMNuc C nig (c) m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;cMNuc C .
edaHRsaycMeNaT enHedayeRbIviFImUldann
kfaxN 6-1.
-203
RsaycMeNaTenHedayeRbIviFImUldannkfaxN
6-1.
NPIC
-204
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
m:Um:g;Bt;GefrGtibrmaEdlGacekItmanenARtg;cM
Nuc C nig (b) kmaMgkat;viCmanGtibrmaEdl
GacekItmanenARtg;cMNuc C . snt; B CaTRm
snak; nig A CaTRmkl;.
6>26> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgTajkgkab
BC . kMras;rbs;FwmRtUv)anecal. etIkmaMg
TajGtibrmakgkabEdlbNalBIbnk 30kN
manTMhMb:unan?
T.Chhay
-205
6>28> FwmsmasrgbnkefrBRgayesI
1.5kN / m nig kmaMgcMcMNucefreTal 10kN .
kMNt; (a) m:Um:g; Bt; GviCmanGtibrmaEdlGac
ekItmanenARtg; cMNuc A nig (b) kmaMgkat;
viCmanenARtg;cMNuc B . snt; A CaTRmbgb;
B Ca tMNsnak; nig C CaTRmkl;.
NPIC
6>30> etIeKRtUvdak;bnkGefrBRgayesI
6kN / m Rtg;kEngNaenAelIFwm ABC n
cMeNaT 6>29 edIm,I TTYl)an (a) m:Um:g;Bt;
GrefrFMbMputenARtg;cMNuc A nig (b) kmaMgkat;
GefrFMbMputenARtg;cMNuc D ? kMNt;tmn
m:Um:g;Bt; nigkmaMgkat;. snt; A CaTRmbgb; B
CatMNsnak; nig C CaTRmkl;.
6>31> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) kmaMgkat;kg
panel BC rbs;rt (b) m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;cMNuc A .
snt; B CaTRmkl; nig D CaTRmsnak;.
T.Chhay
-206
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
6>40> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;m:Um:g;Bt;enAkgrt
Rtg;cMNuc B . kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;GefrviCman
GtibrmaenA kgrtRtg;cMNuc B RbsinebIkmaMg
GefrcMcMNuceTal 50kN cltelIkRmalxag
elIFwm. snt;TRmrbs;FwmTaMg enHGacGnuvt
kmaMgEdlmanTiseLIgelI nig kmaMgEdlman
TiscuHeRkam eTAelIFwm.
6>41> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;m:Um:g;Bt;enAkgrt
Rtg; cMNuc F . kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;GefrviCman
Problems
T.Chhay
-207
NPIC
6>46> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
FC n Warren truss ncMeNaT 6>45 .
bgajtmCaelxsRmab;kMBUlrbs;ExSekag.
Ggt;TaMg Gs;manRbEvgesIKa.
6>47> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
DE n Warren truss ncMeNaT 6>45 .
bgaj tmCaelxsRmab;kMBUlrbs;ExSekag.
Ggt;TaMgGs;manRbEvgesIKa.
6>48> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkg (a)
Ggt; EH nig (b) Ggt; JE .
6>43> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;
cMNuc E rbs;rtncMeNaT 6>41. kMNt;m:Um:g;
Bt;GefrviCmanGtibrmaenAkgrtRtg;cMNuc E
Rbsin ebIkmaMgGefrcMcMNuc 40kN cltenAelI
kRmal xagelIFwm.
6>44> bnkBRgayGefr 5kN / m nigbnkGrfr
cMcMNuc18kN manGMeBIelIkRmal. kMNt; (a)
kmaMgRbtikmbBarenARtg;cMNuc D (b) kmaMg
kat;GefrGtibrmaenAkg panel DE rbs;rt nig 6>49> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt; JI
(c) m:Um:g;Bt;viCmanGtibrmaenARtg;cMNuc E .
n truss kgcMeNaT 6>48.
snt; D CaTRmkl; nig G CaTRmsnak;.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-208
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
6>50> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
AL n truss kgcMeNaT 6>48.
6>51> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
HG bnab;mkkMNt;kmaMgGefrGtibrma
kmaMgTaj bkmaMgsgt; EdlGacekItman
enAkgGgt;Edl bNalBIbnkBRgayGefr
16kN / m EdlmanGMeBIelIkRmals<antam
beNayGgt;xageRkamrbs; truss.
6>55> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
NG n truss kgcMeNaT 6>54.
6>56> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
OC n truss kgcMeNaT 6>54.
6>57> eKeRbIdMbUl truss sRmab;Brpvn
]bkrN_eyagEdlPab;eTAnwgGgt;xageRkam
rbs; truss dUcbgaj. kMNt;kmaMgGefrGtibrma kmaMgTaj bkmaMgsgt; EdlGacekIt
manenAkgGgt; GF EdlbNalBIbnk]bkrN_
eyag 60kN . kMNt;TItaMg x rbs;bnk. snt;
6>52> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
truss RtUv)anRTedayTRmsnak;Rtg;cMNuc A
HC bnab;mkkMNt;kmaMgGefrGtibrma kmaMg
nigRtg;cMNuc E edayTRmkl;. ehIysnt;fa
Taj bkmaMgsgt; EdlGacekItmanenAkg
Ggt;Edl bNalBIbnkBRgayGefr 16kN / m Ggt;TaMgGs;RtUv)antPab;KaRtg;tMNeday
gusset plate.
EdlmanGMeBIelIkRmals<antambeNayGgt;
xageRkamrbs; truss ncMeNaT 6>51.
6>53> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
AH bnab;mkkMNt;kmaMgGefrGtibrma
kmaMgTaj bkmaMgsgt; EdlGacekItman
enAkgGgt;Edl bNalBIbnkBRgayGefr
6>58> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;GefrGtibrmaenARtg;cMNuc
16kN / m Edlman GMeBIelIkRmals<antam
A enAelIrteTalEdlekIteLIgedaysarkUn
beNayGgt;xageRkam rbs; truss ncMeNaT
reTHEdlmanm:as 2Mg ehIyTIRbCMuTmn;enARtg;
6>51.
G . snt;fa A CaTRmkl;.
6>54> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
RN n Baltimore truss.
Problems
T.Chhay
-209
NPIC
6>63> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
IH rbs; truss s<an. kMNt;kmaMgGefrGtibrma kmaMgTaj bkmaMgsgt; EdlGacekIt
manenAkgGgt;enHedaysarrfyndwkTMnij
EdlmanTmn; 83.25kN Edlmanbnkkg;dUc
bgaj. snt; [rfyncrtamTisNak)antam
beNayGkSkRmal dUcenHbnkrbs;vaRtUv)an
eprBak;kNaleTArtxagTaMgBIr. ehIysnt;fa
Ggt;TaMgGs;RtUv)antPab;KaRtg;tMNeday
gusset plate.
6>61> kMNt;m:Um:g;GefrGtibrmaenARtg;cMNuc C
enAelIs<anEdlbNalBIbnkclt.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-210
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
6>64> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
CD rbs; truss s<ankgcMeNaT 6>63. kMNt;
kmaMgGefrGtibrma kmaMgTaj bkmaMgsgt;
Edl GacekItmanenAkgGgt;enHedaysarrfyn
dwkTMnijEdlman Tmn; 83.25kN Edlmanbnk
kg; dUcbgaj. snt;[rfyncrtamTisNa k
)antambeNayGkSkRmal dUcenHbnkrbs;va
RtUv)aneprBak; kNaleTArtxagTaMgBIr. ehIy
snt;faGgt; TaMgGs;RtUv)antPab;KaRtg;tMN
eday gusset plate.
6>65> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
BC rbs; truss s<ankgcMeNaT 6>63. kMNt;
kmaMg GefrGtibrma kmaMgTaj bkmaMgsgt;
Edl GacekItmanenAkgGgt;enHedaysarrfyn
dwkTMnijEdlman Tmn; 83.25kN Edlmanbnk
kg; dUcbgaj. snt; [rfyncrtamTisNa k
)antambeNayGkSkRmal dUcenHbnkrbs;va
RtUv)aneprBak; kNaleTArtxagTaMgBIr. ehIy
snt;faGgt; TaMgGs;RtUv)antPab;KaRtg;tMN
eday gusset plate.
6>66> kMNt;cmay a rbs;FwmlyedIm,I[bnk
cltGacbegItm:Um:g;Bt;GtibrmaenARtg;TRm
esIKanwgm:Um:g;Bt;enAkNalElVg. snt; A Ca
TRm snak; nig B CaTRmkl;.
Problems
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
6>67> KUrExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgenAkgGgt;
IH rbs; truss s<an. kMNt;kmaMgGefrGtibrma kmaMgTaj bkmaMgsgt; EdlGacekIt
manenA kgGgt;enHedaysarrfyndwkTMnij
EdlmanTmn; 25kN Edlmanbnkkg;dUcbgaj.
snt;[rfyncrtamTisNak)antambeNay
GkSkRmal dUcenHbnkrbs;vaRtUv)aneprBak;
kNaleTArtxagTaMgBIr. ehIysnt;faGgt;TaMg
Gs;RtUv)antPab;KaRtg;tMNeday gusset plate.
6>68> kMNt;m:Um:g;GefrGtibrmaenARtg;cMNuc C
EdlbNalBIbnkclt.
6>69> kMNt;kmaMgkat;GefrGtibrmaenARtg;
cMNuc C EdlbNalBIbnkclt rUbncMeNaT
6>68.
6>70> kMNt;m:Um:g;GefrGtibrmaenARtg;cMNuc C
EdlbNalBIbnkclt.
T.Chhay
-211
6>71> kMNt;kmaMgkat;GefrGtibrmaenARtg;
cMNuc C EdlbNalBIbnkclt rUbncMeNaT
6>70.
6>72> kMNt;kmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;Bt;Gtibrmadac;
xatenAkgFwm AB EdlbNalBIbnk10kN .
lkxNRBMEdnTamTar 0.1m x 3.9m .
6>73> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgrt
s<anEdlbNalBIbnkrfyndUcbgaj. bnk
RtUv)andak;edaypal;enAelIrt.
NPIC
6>75> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgrt
s<anEdlbNalBIbnkrfyndwkTMnijdUcbgaj.
6>76> bnkkg;GtibrmasRmab;kg;]bkrN_sc
EdleRbIenAkgGKar]sSahkmRtUv)an[. ]bk
rN_sccrtambeNaypvrfEdlRtUv)anRTeday
TRmsamBaenAelIssr. kMNt; (a) kmaMgkat;
Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgrtkNal AB nig (b)
m:Um:g;Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgrt.
6>77> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgrt
s<anEdlbNalBIbnkdUcbgaj.
6>74> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgrt
s<anEdlbNalBIbnkdUcbgaj. bnkRtUv)an
dak;edaypal;enAelIrt.
KMerag6>1> ]bkrN_scclttambeNaydgsc
0.1m < x < 3.4m ehIyGaceyag)an 28kN .
edayeRbIemKuNTgic 0.3 cUrkMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;Gtibrmadac;xatenAkgdgsc nigkmaMgGtibrma
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-212
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
EdlekItmanenAkgExScMNg BC .dgscRtUv)n
Pab;edaytMNsnak;eTAnwgssrCBaaMgenAcug
xageqVgrbs;va A .
KMerag6>2> s<ansRmab;GkefIreCIgEdlmanTRm
samBaRtUv)aneKsg;enAkg]TanTIRkugmYy
ehIyGksikSaKNnaBIrrUb)anesIKMeragdUcbgaj
enAkgkrNI a nig b. Ggt;rbs; truss RtUv)an
sg;BIeQI. kRmalpSMeLIgedaybnHeQIRbEvg
1.5m Edlmanm:as; 20kg / m 2 . kUdkgtMbn;
bgajfabnkGefrenAelIkRmalEdlRtUvkarKW
5kPa CamYynwgemKuNTgic 0.2 . KitfakRmal
RtUv)anRTedayTRmsamBaenAelI stringer. Fwm
kRmaleprbnkeTAtMNxageRkamrbs; truss
emIlrUbTI 6-23 enAkgkrNInImYy cUrrk
Ggt;EdlrgkmaMgTajFMCageK nigGgt;Edlrg
kmaMgsgt;FMCageK ehIyR)ab;BImUlehtukgkar
eRCIserIskarKNnamYykgcMeNamsMeNITaMgBIr.
Tmn;rbs;Ggt; truss RtUv)anecal.
Problems
T.Chhay
-213
NPIC
&> viPaKeRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTicedayviFIRbEhl
Approximate analysis of statically indeterminate structures
T.Chhay
-214
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
&>@> Truss
RbePT truss FmtaEdleKeRcIneRbIsRmab;BRgwgpxagrbs;GKar beRbIsRmab;BRgwgGgt;xag
elI nigGgt;xageRkamrbs;s<anEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 7-1a emIlrUbTI 3-4. enAeBleKeRbIva
sRmab;eKalbMNgEbbenH enaHeKminKitvaCaFatusxM an;sRmab;RTRTg;eRKOgbgMeT ehIyCalTpleK
eRcInviPaKvaedayviFIRbEhl. enAkgkrNIEdl)anbgaj eKRtUvcMNaMfaRbsinebIeKykGgt;Ggt;RTUg
ecjBI panel nImYyn panel TaMgbI vanwgkayCa truss kMNt;edaysaTic. dUcenH vaCa truss min
kMNt;edaysaTicdWeRkTIbI edayeRbIsmIkar 3-1/ b + r > 2 j b16 + 3 > 8(2) dUcenH eyIgRtUveFVIkar
snt;cMnYnbI cMeBaHkmaMgr)aredIm,Ikat;eFIV[ truss kayCaeRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic. karsnt;enHRtUv
eFVIeLIg cMeBaHGgt;RTUgEdlExVgKa EdleKdwgfaenAeBlEdlGgt;Ggt;RTUgmYyrbs; panel CaGgt;rg
kmaMgTaj enaHGgt;Ggt;RTUgmYyeTotCaGgt;rgkmaMgsgt;. eyIgeXIjy:agCak;EsgBIrUbTI 7-1b
Edl kmaMgkat; panel V RtUv)anTb;Tl;edaybgMkmaMgTajtamTisQenAkgGgt; a nigbgMkmaMgsgt;
tamTisQrenAkgGgt; b . CaTUeTAeKmanviFIkgkarviPaKcMnYnBIrEdlGacTTYlyk)an.
viFITI 1 RbsinebIeKmanbMNgcg;sikSaKNna[Ggt;Ggt;RTUgEvg nigRsav eKKYrsnt;favaminGac
Tb;Tl;nwgkmaMgsgt; ebImindUecaHeTvanwggayrgkarekag (buckle). dUcenH kmaMgkat;
panel RtUv)anTb;Tl;edayGgt;Ggt;RTUgrgkmag
M Taj cMENkGgt;Ggt;RTUgrgkarsgt;
RtUv)ansnt;CaGgt;kmaMgsUn.
viFITI 2 RbsinebIeKcg;sagsg;Ggt;Ggt;RTUgBImuxkat;hUtekAFMdUcCaEdkEdlmanmuxkat;Ekg bEdk
Edlmanmuxkat;GkSr C enaHvanwgmanlTPaBesIKakgkarTb;Tl;kmaMgsgt; nigkmaMgTaj.
sRmab;krNIenH eyIgnwgsnt;faGgt;Ggt;RTUgrgkmaMgTaj nigGgt;Ggt;RTUgrgkmaMgsgt;
Tb;Tl;kmaMgkat; panel Bak;kNalesIKa.
viFIviPaKRbEhlTaMgBIrRtUv)anbgajCatmelxenAkg]TahrN_xageRkam.
T.Chhay
-215
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
3
20 10 2 F = 0
5
dUcenH
FFB = 8.33kN (T )
+ M A = 0
+ MF = 0
FAE = 8.33kN (C )
4
8.33 3 + FFE (3) = 0
5
4
8.33 3 + FAB (3) = 0
5
F = 8.33kN
FFE = 6.67 kN (C )
FAB = 6.67 kN (T )
3
FAF 8.33 10 = 0
5
FAF = 15kN (T )
T.Chhay
-216
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
FDB = 8.33kN (T )
FED = 6.67 kN (C )
FEC = 8.33kN (C )
FBC = 6.67 kN (T )
dMeNaHRsay
FJB = 42.4kN (T )
FJI = 30kN (C )
T.Chhay
-217
+ MJ = 0
NPIC
FAB (5) = 0
FAB = 0
FIC = 14.1kN (T )
+ MB = 0
+ MI = 0
FBC = 30kN (T )
FBI = 30kN (C )
FIH = 40kN (C )
T.Chhay
-218
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
bnk. beckeTsmYyKitBicarNaEteTAelIGgt;mYyEdlmanTItaMgenAkgtMbn;mYyrbs;eRKOgbgM.
eKGacpl;PaBdabdl;Ggt;enAkgtMbn;EdlrMxattictYcdl;Ggt;EdlenAeRkAtMbn;. b:uEn PaKeRcIneK
eRcInKitExSekagPaBdabrbs;eRKOgbgMTaMgmUl. BIkarBicarNaenH eKGackMNt;cMNucrbt;Rbhak;
RbEhl cMNucEdlGgt;brkMeNagrbs;va. eKGacBicarNacMNucenHCasnak; edaysarvaman
m:Um:g;sUnenAkgGgt; Rtg;cMNucrbt;enH. eyIgnwgeRbIKMnitenHedIm,IviPaKkmaMgenAelIeRKagGKarEdl
bNalBIbnkbBar ehIyenAkgkfaxN 7-5 nig 7-6 manbgajBIviFIviPaKRbEhlsRmab;eRKagEdl
rgkmaMgTTwgGkS kmaMgxag.
karsnt;sRmab;karviPaKRbEhl eKmanrtKMrUEdlmanTItaMgenAkg building bent ehIyvargbnk
bBarBRgayesI dUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 7-5a. ssrTRmenARtg;cMNuc A nig B nwgGnuvtkmaMgRbtikm
cMnYnbIeTA elIrt dUcenHrtCaeRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTicdWeRkTI3 RbtikmcMnYn 6-smIkarlMnwgcMnYn
3. edIm,IeFVI[rtenHkayCaeRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic dUcenHkarviPaKRbEhlTamTarkarsnt;cMnYn
bI. RbsinebIssrrwgxaMg minmanmMurgVilekItmanenARtg;cMNuc A nig B ehIyExSekagPaBdabsRmab;
rtman ragdUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 7-5b. edayeRbIviFImYykgcMeNamviFIepSgEdlerobrab;enAkgCMBUk
9 rhUt dl;CMBUk 11 karviPakCak;lak;bgajfasRmab;krNIcMNucrbt;TaMgenH bcMNucm:Um:g;sUn ekIt
manenARtg; 0.21L BITRmnImYyrbs;va. b:uEnRbsinebItMNssrenARtg;cMNuc A nig B manlkN
bt;Ebn enaHrtmanlkNdUcrtTRmsamBa enaHm:Um:g;sUnnwgekItenARtg;TRm rUbTI 7-5c. b:uEn
enAkgPaBCak;Esg ssrnwgpl;nUvPaBbt;EbnxHenARtg;TRm dUcenHeyIgsnt;fam:Um:g;sUnekItman
enARtg;cMNucmFmcenaH EdnkMNt;TaMgBIr eBalKWenARtg; (0.21L + 0) / 2 0.1L BITRmnImYy rUbTI
7-5d. elIsBIenH kar viPaKCak;lak;elIFwmEdlTb;Tl;nwgkmaMgbBarbgajfaeKGacecalkmaMg
tamGkSEdlmanenAkgrt.
Cakarsegb eKGaceFVIm:UEDlrtEdlmanRbEvg L CartTRmsamBaEdlmanRbEvg 0.8L Edl
Qr elIcugrbs;FwmkugsulBIrEdlmanRbEvg 0.1L rUbTI 7-5e. karsnt;TaMgbIxageRkamenHRtUv)an
eFVIeLIgsRmab;m:UEDleRKOgbgMenH
1> rtmanm:Um:g;Bt;esIsUnenAcmay 0.1L BITRmxageqVg.
2> rtmanm:Um:g;Bt;esIsUnenAcmay 0.1L BITRmxagsaM.
3> rtminTb;Tl;nwgkmaMgtamGkS
edayeRbIsmIkarsaTic eKGacTTYl)ankmaMgkgrbs;rt ehIyeKGaceFVIkarsikSaKNnabzm
BImuxkat;rbs;va. ]TahrN_xageRkambgajBIkarGnuvtCatmelx.
Approximate analysis of statically indeterminate structures
T.Chhay
-219
NPIC
enAkgrUbTI 7-6a.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-220
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-221
NPIC
T.Chhay
-222
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-223
NPIC
viPaKeRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTicedayviFIRbEhl
T.Chhay
-224
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
enAkgrUbTI 7-6a.
T.Chhay
-225
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
M 3.5(20 ) = 0
M = 70kN .m
+ MJ = 0
40(5.5) + N (8) = 0
N = 27.5kN
EpkxagelIrbs;ssr
edayeRbIviFImuxkat; rUbTI 7-11c eyIgGacbnkarviPaKedIm,ITTYl)ankmaMgenAkgGgt; CD / BD
nig BH .
27.5 + FBD sin 45 o = 0
FBD = 38.9(T )
+ MB = 0
FCD = 75kN (C )
+ MD = 0
FBH = 27.5kN (T )
FDH = 38.9kN (C )
+ Fy = 0
tamrebobdUcKa bgajfaeKTTYllTpldUcenAkgdaRkamGgesrIrbs;ssr FGI enAkgrUbTI 711d. edayeRbIlTplenH eyIgGacrkkmaMgkgrbs;Ggt; truss nImYyrbs; portal truss eday
eRbIviFItMN.
tMN D rUbTI 7-11e
+ Fy = 0
+
Fx = 0
FDE = 20kN (C )
FHE = 38.9kN (T )
lTplTaMgenHRtUv)ansegbenAkgrUbTI 7-11g.
viPaKeRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTicedayviFIRbEhl
T.Chhay
-226
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-227
NPIC
eyIgeXIjfakgkarsikSaKNnaFwmxI lTPaBTb;kmaMgkat;mansarsMxan;
Cag pymkvijsRmab;karsikSaKNnaFwmEvglTPaBTb;nwgm:Um:g;Bt;mansarsMxan;Cagvijmg emIl
kfaxN 7.6. viFI portal QrelIkarsnt;EdlTak;TgeTAnwgkmaMgdUcEdl)anerobrab;enAkgcMNucTI3
xagelI.
]TahrN_xageRkambgajBIrebobnkarGnuvtviFI portal eTAelIkarviPaK building bent.
(mechanics of materials)
dMeNaHRsay
Fx = 0
6 6V = 0
V = 1kN
T.Chhay
-228
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-229
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
Fx = 0
+
Fx = 0
20 4V = 0
V = 5kN
20 + 30 4V ' = 0
V ' = 12.5kN
T.Chhay
-230
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
3> kugRtaMgtamGkSenAkgssrRtUvsmamaRteTAnwgcmayBITIRbCMuTmn;rbs;RkLaprbs;ssr
enARtg;nIv:Urbs;kRmal. edaysarkugRtaMgesInwgkmaMgelIRkLap enaHsRmab;krNIBiess
Edl manssrmanRkLapmuxkat;dUcKa kmaMgenAkgssrRtUvsmamaRteTAnwgcmayBITIRbCMu
Tmn;nRkLapmuxkat;ssr.
karsnt;TaMgbIenHeFVI[eRKagkayCaeRKagEdlmansirPaB nigkMNt;edaysaTic. ]TahrN_xag
eRkambgajBIrebobGnuvtviFI cantilever kgkarviPaK building bent.
dMeNaHRsay
~
x A 0( A) + 6( A)
=
= 3m
A
A+ A
T.Chhay
-231
viPaKeRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTicedayviFIRbEhl
NPIC
T.Chhay
-232
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
30(2 ) + 3H y + 3K y = 0
+ M = 0
+ M = 0
edaysar
Gy
3
Ly
3
Gy = Ly
enaH
G y = L y = 35kN
dMeNaHRsay
~
x A 0(6250 ) + 6(5000 ) + 10.5(3750) + 18(6250)
=
= 8.559m
A
6250 + 5000 + 3750 + 6250
T.Chhay
-233
NPIC
(1)
2.56
L
8.56
N =
1.94
L
8.56
O =
9.44
L
8.56
My
5000
Ny
3750
Oy
6250
2.56 L y
8.56 6250
M y = 0.239 L y
(2)
1.94 L y
8.56 6250
N y = 0.136 L y
(3)
9.44 L y
8.56 6250
O y = 1.103L y
(4)
M y = 0.78kN
viPaKeRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTicedayviFIRbEhl
N y = 0.44kN
O y = 3.60kN
T.Chhay
-234
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-235
NPIC
cMeNaT
7>1> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;nImYyrbs; truss
edaytmRbEhl. snt;Ggt;Ggt;RTUgGac
Tb;Tl;TaMgkmaMgTaj nigkmaMgsgt;.
7>8> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;edaytmRbEhlenARtg;
cMNuc F nig D rbs;eRKag.
7>4> edaHRsaycMeNaT 7>3 edaysnt;faGgt;
Ggt;RTUgminGacTb;Tl;nwgkmaMgsgt;eT.
7>5> kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;nImYyrbs; truss
edaytmRbEhl. snt;Ggt;Ggt;RTUgGac
Tb;Tl;TaMgkmaMgTaj bkmaMgsgt;.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-236
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
7>9> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;edaytmRbEhlenARtg;
tMN E nig C EdlekItBIGgt; EF nig CD erog
Ka.
7>10> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmTRmenARtg; A / B
nig C rbs;eRKag.
7>11> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;edaytmRbEhlenARtg;
tMN I nig L . ehIy kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;
tMN H EdlbNalmkBIGgt; HG .
Problems
7>13> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;edaytmRbEhlenARtg;
tMN D nig C . snt;TRmenARtg; A nig D
CaTRm snak;.
T.Chhay
-237
NPIC
nig DH . snt;fatMNTaMgGs;CatMNsnak;.
ehIycUrkMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;BRgwg CF .
7>15> sg;daRkamm:Um:g;edaytmRbEhl
sRmab;ssr ACE rbs; portal frame Edlsg;
edayeRbIrtrwgCamYynwgGgt;BRgwg CF
cMeNaT
-238
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-239
NPIC
7>27> sg;daRkamm:Um:g;edaytmRbEhl
sRmab;rt IJKL rbs;eRKagGKaredayeRbI portal
method.
7>28> sg;daRkamm:Um:g;edaytmRbEhl
sRmab;rt IJKL rbs;eRKagGKarxagelIedayeRbI
cantilever method. ssrTaMgGs;manmuxkat;
dUcKa.
7>29> sg;daRkamm:Um:g;edaytmRbEhl
sRmab;rt IJKL rbs;eRKagGKaredayeRbI portal
method.
7>26> sg;daRkamm:Um:g;edaytmRbEhl
sRmab;rt EFGH rbs; portal frame xagelI
edayeRbI portal method.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-240
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay
-241
NPIC
*> PaBdab
(Deflection)
CMBUkenHnwgbgajBIrebobkMNt;PaBdabeGLasicrbs;FwmedayeRbIviFIGaMgetRkalDub nigviFI
FrNImaRty:agsMxan;cMnYnBIrKW RTwsIRkLapm:Um:g; (moment-area method) nigviFI conjugate beam.
eKeRbIviFIGaMgetRkalDubedIm,ITTYl)ansmIkarEdlkMNt;CMral bmMurgVil (slope) nigExSekageGLasic.
viFIFrNImaRtpl;nUvmeFa)ayedIm,ITTYlmMurgVil nigPaBdabenARtg;cMNucCak;lak;NamYyenAelIFwm.
viFITaMgenHmanKuNsm,ti nigKuNvibtrbs;va EdlRtUv)anerobrab;enAeBlENnaMBIviFInImYy.
PaBdabrbs;eRKOgbgMGacekItBIktaepSgCaeRcIndUcCa
bnk sItuNPaB kMhuskgkarplit bsRmut. enAkgkarsikSa
KNna eKRtUvkMritEdnkMNt;[PaBdabedIm,IkarBarsameRbHEdl
GacekItmanelIsmarEdlmanlkNRsYydUcCaebtug bkMe)ar
bUk. elIsBIenH eRKOgbgMminRtUvjr bdabxaMgeT edIm,Ibgaj
suvtiPaBdl;GkEdleRbIR)as;GKarenaH. eTaHbICay:agNak
eday enAeBlEdleKviPaKrcnasm<nminkMNt;edaysaTic eK
RtUvkMNt;PaBdabRtg;cMNucCak;lak;enAelIeRKOgbgM.
PaBdabEdlBicarNaenAkgesovePAenHGnuvtEteTA
elIrcnasm<nEdlmansmarCaeGLasic (linear elastic
material). eRkamlkxNenH eRKagbgMEdlrgbnknwgRtLb;
eTArksanPaBedImvij eRkayeBlEdleKdkbnkecjmkvij.
PaBdabrbs;rcnasm<nRtUv)anbgeLIgedaybnkxagkgrbs;va
dUcCakmaMgEkg (normal force), kmaMgkat; (shear force) b
m:Um:g;Bt; (bending moment). b:uEn sRmab;Fwm nigeRKag PaB
dabFMbMputRtUv)anbgeLIgedaym:Um:g;Bt; b:uEnkmaMgtamGkS eFVI
[manPaBdabrbs; truss.
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-242
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Deflection
T.Chhay
-243
NPIC
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-244
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
Deflection
T.Chhay
-245
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-246
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
=
b
=
d
y
RbsinebIvaCasmarsac;mYy (homogeneous) ehIyeFVIkarCalkNeGLasic enaHeKGacGnuvtc,ab;
hUk (Hookes law) = / E . ehIyma:geTot eKmansmIkarkugRtaMgm:Um:g;Bt; = My / I .
edaypSMsmIkarTaMgenH ehIyCMnYsvaeTAkgsmIkarxagelI eyIg)an
1
Edl
M
EI
(8-1)
d =
M
dx
EI
(8-2)
dUcenH
d 2 / dx 2
[1 + (d / dx) ]
2 3/ 2
M
d 2 / dx 2
=
EI 1 + (d / dx )2
3/ 2
(8-3)
T.Chhay
-247
NPIC
M
EI
(8-4)
lTplenHbgajfacMNucenAelIExSekagmanbMlas;TIEttamTisQr nigmanbMlas;TItamTisedkeT.
T.Chhay
-248
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Deflection
T.Chhay
-249
NPIC
CMhanxageRkampl;nUvviFIsRmab;kMNt;mMurgVil nigPaBdabrbs;FwmedayeRbIviFIGaMgetRkal
Dub. eKKYrdwgfaviFIenHsaksmsRmab;EtPaBdabeGLasicsRmab;FwmEdlmanmMurgViltUcb:ueNaH.
elIsBIenH viFIenHBicarNaEtPaBdabEdlbNalBIm:Um:g;Bt;b:ueNaH. PaBdabbEnmEdlbNalBIkmaMg
kat;CaTUeTAesInwgBIr bbIPaBrynPaBdabedaym:Um:g;Bt;b:ueNaH dUcenHCaFmtavaRtUv)aneKecal
sRmab;karGnuvt.
ExSekageGLasic
GnuKmn_bnk bGnuKmn_m:Um:g;Bt;
sRmab;tMbn;nImYyEdlenAkgenaHmankUGredaen x eKRtUvsresrsmIkarm:Um:g;Bt; M Ca
GnuKmn_n x .
eKEtgEtsnt;fam:Um:g;Bt; M eFVIGMeBIkgTisedAviCmanenAeBlEdlGnuvtsmIkarlMnwgedIm,I
kMNt; M = f (x ) .
mMurgVil nigExSekageGLasic
PaBdab
-250
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
tmviCmansRmab;mMurgVilKWRcasRTnicnaLika ehIyPaBdabviCmanmanTisedAeLIgelI.
]TahrN_ 8-3 FwmkugsulEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 8-11a rgm:Um:g; M 0 enAcugTMenrrbs;va.
kMNt;smIkarExSekageGLasic. EI Catmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
(1)
(2)
(3)
Deflection
M 0L
EI
M L2
= 0
2 EI
A =
(4)
(5)
T.Chhay
-251
NPIC
A =
20kN .m(3.6m )
[200 10 kN / m ][6.8 10
6
10 12 m 4
20kN .m(3.6m )2
][
] = 0.0529rad
2 200 10 6 kN / m 2 6.8 10 6 10 12 m 4
] = 95.3mm
. EI Catmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-252
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
= Px 2 3Pa
2a x 2 3a
sRmab; x2 /
dx1
d
P
EI 1 = x12 + C1
dx1
4
P
EI 1 = x13 + C1 x1 + C 2
12
2
d 2
EI
= Px 2 3Pa
dx 22
d 2 P 2
EI
= x 2 3Pax 2 + C3
dx 2
2
P
3
EI 2 = x 23 Pax 22 + C3 x 2 + C 4
6
2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
P
(2a )2 + C1 = P (2a )2 3Pa(2a ) + C3
4
2
edayedaHRsaysmIkarxagelI eyIg)an
C1 =
Pa 2
3
Deflection
C2 = 0
C3 =
10 2
Pa
3
C 4 = 2 Pa 3
T.Chhay
-253
NPIC
Pa 3
EI
T.Chhay
-254
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
B/ A =
BM
EI
dx
(8-5)
smIkarenHbegIt)anCaeKalkarN_sRmab;RTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;TImYy.
RTwsITI1 bERmbRmYlmMurgVilrvagcMNucBIrenAelIExSekageGLasicesInwgRkLaprbs;daRkam
M / EI cenaHcMNucTaMgBIrenaH.
nimitsBaa B / A CamMunbnat;b:HenARtg;cMNuc B Edlvas;eFobeTAnwgbnat;b:HenARtg;cMNuc A .
BI karRsaybBaak; eyIgeXIjfaeKvas;mMuenHBIbnat;b:HRtg;cMNuc A eTAbnat;b:HRtg;cMNuc B RbsinebI
RkLa pndaRkam M / EI mantmviCman rUbTI 8-13c. pymkvij RbsinebIRkLapenHGviCman b enABIeRkamGkS x enaHmMu B / A RtUv)anvas;RsbRTnicnaLikaBIbnat;b:HRtg;cMNuc A eTAbnat;b:H
Rtg;cMNuc B . elIsBIenH BIkarKitxatnsmIkar 8-5 B / A RtUv)anKitCara:dg;.
RTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;Bt;TIBIrKWEpkelIlMgakeFobnbnat;b:Hrbs;ExSekageGLasic. dUceXIjenA
kgrUbTI 8-14c dt CalMgakbBarrbs;bnat;b:HenAelIRCugmagrbs;FatuGnntUc dx . eKvas;lMgakenH
tambeNayExSQrEdlkat;tamcMNuc A . edaysareKsnt;famMurgVilrbs;ExSekageGLasic nigPaB
dabrbs;vamantmtUc dUcenHeKGacKitfaRbEvgbnat;b:HesInwgRbEvg x ehIyRbEvgF ds' esInwg dt .
edayeRbIrUbmnkMNat;Frbs;rgVg; s = r eday r CaRbEvg x dUcenHeyIgGacsresr dt = xd . eday
eRbIsmIkar 8-2 d = (M / EI )dx enaHeKGackMNt;lMgaktamTisQrrbs;bnat;b:HRtg;cMNuc A
EdleFobnwgbnat;b:HRtg;cMNuc B edayGaMgetRkal EdlenAkgkrNIenH
B
t A/ B = x
A
Deflection
M
dx
EI
(8-6)
T.Chhay
-255
NPIC
(8-7)
daRkam M / EI
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-256
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
ExSekageGLasic
RTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;
Deflection
GnuvtRTwsITImYyedIm,IkMNt;mMurvagbnat;b:HBIr ehIyRTwsITI2edIm,IkMNt;lMgakbBarrvagbnat;
b:HTaMgenaH.
eKRtUvdwgfaCaTUeTARTwsITI2minpl;nUvbMlas;TrI bs;cMNucenAelIExSekageGLasiceT. enAeBl
EdleKGnuvt)anRtwmRtUv vanwgpl;nUgcmaybBar blMgaknbnat;b:HenARtg;cMNuc A enAelI
ExSekageGLasicBIbnat;b:HRtg;cMNuc B .
bnab;BIGnuvtRTwsITI1 bRTwsITI2 eKGacepgpat;sBaarbs;cMeLIyBImMu niglMgakEdlbgajenA
elIExSekageGLasic.
T.Chhay
-257
PaBdab
NPIC
T.Chhay
-258
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
B = B / A =
(5m )
(5m )
EI
2 EI
EI
375kN .m 2
=
EI
12
T.Chhay
-259
NPIC
2
EI
EI
C = C / A =
edayCMnYsCatmelxsRmab; EI / eyIg)an
500kN .m 2
12
tmnm:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;Ggt;nImYyRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUb. yk E = 200GPa .
dMeNaHRsay
ehIy
PaBdab
C = tC / A
T.Chhay
-260
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
edayCMnYstmCaelx enaHeyIg)an
B =
2000 N .m 3
3 4
= 0.0025m = 2.5mm
EI BC
3
3
7250 N .m
7250 N .m
=
=
6
EI BC
200 10 N / m 2 4 10 6 10 12 m 4
[ ( )
][ ( )(
) ]
= 0.00906m = 9.06mm
( )
200GPa I = 6 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
Deflection
T.Chhay
-261
NPIC
+ (3m )
EI
EI 2
EI
135kN .m 2
=
EI
135kN .m 2
C =
= 0.112rad
200 10 6 kN / m 2 6 10 6 10 12 m 4
C = D / C = 3m
dUcenH
[ ( )
][ ( )(
) ]
( )
200GPa I = 360 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-262
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
tB / A
C / A
8
(1)
2
1
(2m ) 20kN .m = 20kN .m
EI
2
EI
1
60kN .m 2
60kN .m
t B / A = 2m + (6m ) (6m )
+ (2m ) (2m )
2
EI 3
EI
2
=
800kN .m 3
EI
dUcenH
C =
=
(8m )EI
EI
EI
80kN .m 2
12
( )
200GPa I = 4 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-263
C =
NPIC
t A/ B
tC / B
2
(1)
3
1
1
5kN .m 30kN .m
= (6m ) (6m )
=
EI
EI
3
2
EI
EI
EI
2
CMnYsCatmelxeyIg)an
C =
11.25kN .m 3
12
= 0.0141m = 14.1mm
( )
200GPa I = 250 10 6 mm 4
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-264
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
(1)
+ (8m ) + 8m (8m )
EI 3
EI
2
4
=
11264kN .m 3
EI
EI
EI
3
7168kN .m
=
EI
7168kN .m 3
C =
200 10 6 kN / m 2 250 10 6 10 12 m 4
C =
dUcenH
Deflection
[ ( )
][ ( )(
) ]
T.Chhay
-265
NPIC
= 0.143m
yk E =
( )
200GPa I = 18 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
PaBdab
tC / B
2m
(1)
T.Chhay
-266
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
10kN .m
30kN .m 2m 1
t C / B = (1m )(2m )
+
(2m )
EI 3 2
EI
53.33kN .m 3
=
EI
53.33kN .m 3
= 0.00741rad
d 2M
dx 2
d 2v
dx
=w
M
EI
edayeFVIGaMgetRkal eyIgTTYl)an
V = wdx
Deflection
M = wdx dx
T.Chhay
-267
NPIC
M
dx
EI
M
dx dx
EI
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-268
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Fwmnimit
Deflection
T.Chhay
-269
NPIC
smIkarlMnwg
edayeRbIsmIkarlMnwg kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRmrbs;Fwmnimit.
kat;FwmnimitenARtg;cMNucEdleKRtUvkarrkmMurgVil nigbMlas;TI rbs;FwmBit. enARtg;mux
kat; eKRtUvbgajkmaMgkat; V ' nigm:Um:g;Bt; M ' EdlCaGBaatEdleFVIkarkgTisedAviCman.
kMNt;kmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;Bt;edayeRbIsmIkarlMnwg. V ' nig M ' esInwg nig erogKa sRmab;
FwmBit. RbsinebItmTaMgenHviCman mMurgVilKWvilRcasRTnicnaLika ehIybMlas;TImanTis
eLIgelI.
dMeNaHRsay
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-270
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
250kN .m 2
VB ' = 0
EI
250kN .m 2
B = VB ' =
EI
250kN .m 2
12
= 0.00263rad
+ M B' = 0
250kN .m 2
(8.33m ) + M B ' = 0
EI
2083kN .m 3
B = M B' =
EI
2083kN .m 3
=
200 10 6 kN / m 2 475 10 6 10 12 m 4
[ ( )
][ ( )(
) ]
= 0.0219m = 21.9mm
sBaaGviCmanbgajfamMurgVilrbs;FwmRtUv)anvas;RsbRTnicnaLika ehIybMlas;TImanTiscuHeRkam
rUbTI 8-24d.
dMeNaHRsay
Deflection
T.Chhay
-271
NPIC
45 1 2 x
+ x = 0
EI 2 EI
x = 6.71m
(0 x 9m )
O.K.
45
(6.71) 1 2(6.71) 6.71 1 (6.71) + M ' = 0
EI
2 EI
3
max = M ' =
201.2kN .m 3
EI
201.2kN .m 3
=
4
200 10 6 kN / m 2 60 10 6 mm 4 1m 4 / 10 3 mm 4
[ ( )
] ( )
( )
= 0.0168m = 16.8mm
sBaaGviCmanbgajfaPaBdabcuHeRkam.
edaybnHEdkedaysarm:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;kEngenHmantmFM. kMNat;Ggt;cugsgxagEdlmanRbEvg
4m manm:Um:g;niclPaB I = 270(10 6 )mm 4 ehIykMNat;Ggt;EdlenAkNalman I = 540(10 6 )mm 4 .
kMNt;PaBdabenARtg;kNalElVg. yk E = 200GPa . kmaMgRbtikmRtUv)anKNna[.
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-272
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
Deflection
T.Chhay
-273
+ MC = 0
NPIC
620
(6) 400 (3.333) 200 (1) 20 (0.667 ) + M C ' = 0
EI
EI
EI
EI
3
2173kN .m
M C' =
EI
edayCMnYstmCaelxn EI eyIgTTYl)an
C = M C' =
2173kN .m 3
12
sBaaGviCmanbgajfaPaBdabmanTiscuHeRkam.
PaBdab
T.Chhay
-274
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
( B )R = (V B ' )R
2
=0
EI
EI
127kN .m 2
=
EI
127 kN .m 2
12
125
(1.67) 250 (2.5) 2 (5) = 0
EI
EI
EI
3
427 kN .m
427 kN .m 3
B = M B' =
=
EI
200 10 6 kN / m 2 18 10 6 10 12 m 4
M B' +
[ ( )
][ ( )(
) ]
= 0.119m = 119mm
EI
EI
2
=0
EI
( B )L = (V B ' )L = 0
Deflection
T.Chhay
-275
NPIC
cMeNaT
8>1> kMNt;smIkarExSekageGLasicrbs;Fwm
edayeRbIkUGredaen x EdlmannysRmab;
0 x < L / 2 . kMNt;mMurgVilenARtg;cMNuc A nig
PaBdabGtibrmarbs;Fwm. EI Catmefr.
8>2> kMNt;smIkarExSekageGLasicrbs;Fwm
edayeRbIkUGredaen x1 nig x2 . EI Catmefr.
8>5> kMNt;smIkarExSekageGLasicrbs;Fwmkug
sulEdlrgkmaMgm:Um:g; M 0 . ehIykMNt;mMurgVil
Gtibrma nigPaBdabGtibrmarbs;Fwm. EI Ca
tmefr.
8>4> kMNt;smIkarExSekageGLasicrbs;Fwm
edayeRbIkUGredaen x1 nig x2 . kMNt;mMurgVilRtg;
cMNuc A nigPaBdab Gtibrmarbs;Fwm. EI Ca
tmefr.
cMeNaT
8>7> kMNt;smIkarExSekageGLasicedayeRbI
kUGredaen x ehIykMNt;mMurgVilRtg;cMNuc A nig
PaBdabRtg;cMNuc C . EI Ca tmefr.
8>8> kMNt;smIkarExSekageGLasicrbs;Fwm
TRmsamBaEdlrgkmaMgm:Um:g; M 0 .
T.Chhay
-276
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
8>10> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;mMurgVil
nigPaBdabRtg;cMNuc B . EI Catmefr.
T.Chhay
-277
cMeNaT
NPIC
8>20> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;mMurgVil
enARtg;cMNuc B nigPaBdabenARtg;cMNuc C .
EI Catmefr.
8>21> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;PaB
dabRtg;cMNuc C nigmMurgVilrbs;FwmRtg;cMNuc A /
B nig C . EI Catmefr.
8>22> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;mMurgVil
Rtg;cMNuc C nigPaBdabRtg;cMNuc B . EI Ca
tmefr.
8>23> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;tm
rbs; a EdleFVI[mMurgVilRtg; A esIsUn. EI Ca
tmefr.
T.Chhay
-278
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
8>24> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;mMurgVil
Rtg;cMNuc C nigbMlas;TIRtg;cMNuc B . EI Ca
tmefr.
8>25> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;mMurgVil
Rtg;cMNuc B nigbMlas;TIRtg;cMNuc C . Ggt;enH
eFVIGMBIEdk A-36 Edlman I = 32(106 )mm 4 .
8>29> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TIRtg;
C nigmMurgVilRtg; A / B nig C . EI Catm
efr.
8>26> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;bMlas;
TIRtg;cMNuc B nig mMurgVilRtg;cMNuc A . EI Ca
tmefr.
8>27> eRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g;edIm,IkMNt;bMlas;
TIRtg;cMNuc C . yk E = 200GPa / I =
500(10 6 )mm 4 .
Problems
8>30> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;mMurgVilRtg;
B nig bMlas;TIRtg; C . EI Catmefr.
8>31> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;mMurgVilnig
bMlas;TIRtg; C . E = 200GPa /
I = 70(10 6 )mm 4 .
T.Chhay
-279
8>32> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;mMurgVilnig
bMlas;TIRtg; C . snt; A CaTRmsnak; nig B Ca
TRmkl;. EI Ca tmefr.
8>33> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;mMurgVilnig
bMlas;TIRtg; C . E = 200GPa /
I = 400(10 6 )mm 4 .
8>34> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TIRtg;
A . snt; B CaTRmkl;. E = 200GPa /
I = 80(10 6 )mm 4 .
NPIC
8>36> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TIRtg;
B nigmMurgVilRtg; A . snt;faTRmRtg; A CaTRm
snak; nig C CaTRmkl;. EI Catmefr.
8>37> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TIRtg;
D nigmMurgVilRtg; C . snt;faTRmRtg; A CaTRm
bgb; nig C CaTRmkl;. EI Catmefr.
8>38> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;mMurgVilEdlenA
xagsaM nigxageqVgrbs; B bnic. ehIykMNt;
PaBdabenARtg; D . snt;faFwmenHmanTRm
bgb;enARtg; A nig C CaTRmkl;. EI Catm
efr.
8>35> eRbIviFIFwmnimitedIm,IkMNt;mMurgVilRtg; C
nigbMlas;TIRtg; B . EI Catmefr.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-280
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(> PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
(Deflection Using Energy method)
CMBUkenHnwgbgajBIrebobGnuvtviFIfamBledIm,IedaHRsaybBaaEdlBak;BnnwgmMurgVil nigPaB
dab. CMBUkenHcab;epImCamYynwgkarBiPakSaBIkmn (work) nigfamBlnbERmbRmYlrageFob (strain
energy) EdlbnedaykarbegIteKalkarN_kmn nigeKalkarN_famBl. bnab;mkviFIkmnnimit
(virtual work) nigRTwsIkasIKIy:aNU (Castiglianos theorem) RtUv)anbegIt ehIyviFIenHRtUv)aneRbI
edIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TIrbs;cMNucmYyenAelI truss, Fwm nig eRKag.
(9-1)
U e = Fdx
0
(9-2)
T.Chhay
-281
NPIC
Ue =
1
P
2
(9-3)
EdlCaRkLapRtIekaNEdlqUtenAkgrUbTI 9-1a.
eyIgkGacsnidan)anfakmaMgRtUv)anGnuvtbnicmgeTAelIr)ar ehIyTMhMrbs;vaekIneLIgCa
lkNbnat;BIsUneTAdl; P kmnEdleFVI)anesInwgkmaMgmFm P / 2 KuNnwgbMlas;TI .
(9-4)
T.Chhay
-282
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
U e = Md
0
(9-5)
dUcenAkgkrNIkmaMg RbsinebIeKGnuvtm:Um:g;bnicmgeTAelIrcnasm<n
EdlmanlkNeGLasic lIenEGrBIsUneTA M enaHkmnesInwg
Ue =
1
M
2
(9-6)
(9-7)
famBlbERmbRmYlrageFobedaysarbnktamGkS
enAeBleKGnuvtkmaMgtam GkS N bnicmgeTAelIr)arenAkgrUbTI 9-3
vanwgeFVI[smarmanbERmbRmYlrageFobEdlkmnxageRkAEdleFVIeday N
RtUv)anbMElgeTACafamBlbERmbRmYlrageFobEdlRtUv)anrkSaTukenAkg
r)ar smIkar 9-1. c,ab;hUk = E mannykgkrNIsmarmanlkN
eGLasiclIenEGr ehIyRbsinebIr)armanmuxkat; A efr nigRbEvg L ehIykug
RtaMgEkgKW = N / A nigbMEr bMrYlrageFobcugeRkayKW = / L . Cavi)ak
N / A = E ( / L ) ehIyPaBdab cugeRkayKW
=
NL
AE
(9-8)
N 2L
2 AE
(9-9)
T.Chhay
-283
NPIC
dU i =
(9-10)
M 2 dx
2 EI
(9-11)
2
L ( Px ) dx
M 2 dx
1 P 2 L3
=
=
0
2 EI
2 EI
6 EI
eday[kmnxagkgesInwgfamBlbERmbRmYlrageFobxagkgesIKa ehIyedayedaHRsayrkbMlas;TI
/ eyIg)an
Ue = Ui
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-284
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
1
1 P 2 L3
P =
2
6 EI
3
PL
=
3EI
eTaHbICaeyIgGacTTYl)andMeNaHRsayedaypal;keday EteKGacGnuvtviFIenHsRmab;EtcMeNaT
eRCIserIsxHb:ueNaH. eKRtUvcMNaMfa sRmab;viFIenHeKGacGnuvtbnk)anEtmYyb:ueNaHeTAelIeRKOgbgM
BIeRBaH RbsinebImanbnkeRcInCagmYymanGMeBIelIeRKOgbgM enaHvanwgekItmanbMlas;TIEdlCaGBaat
eRkamGMeBI nbnknImYy ehIyEdleKmanlTPaBsresrsmIkarkmnEtmYysRmab;Fwm. elIsBIenH
eKGacTTYl)anEtbMlas;TIeRkamGMeBIbnk edaysarkmnxageRkAGaRsynwgkmaMg nigbMlas;TIEdl
RtUvnwgkmaMgenaH. viFIEtmYyedIm,ICMnHnUvkarkRmitenHKWeRbIviFIkmnnimit bRTwsIkasIKIy:aNU EdleyIg
nwgBnl;BIviFITaMgBIrenHenAkgkfaxNbnbnab;.
T.Chhay
-285
NPIC
(9-12)
kmnnkmaMgxageRkA kmnnkmaMgxagkg
edayEpkelIKMnitenH eKGacbegIteKalkarN_kmnnimit. eyIgnwgBicarNarcnasm<n bGgFatu EdlmanragTUeTAdUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 9-6b . ]bmafa eyIgcaM)ac;RtUvkMNt;bMlas;TI rbs;
cMNuc A enAelIGgFatuEdlbgeLIgedaybnkBit P1 / P2 nig P3 . eKRtUvdwgfabnkTaMgenHminbg[
TRmclt b:uEnCaTUeTABYkvaGaceFVI[smarxUcRTg;RTayputBIEdneGLasic. edaysarminmanbnk
xageRkAmanGMeBIeTAelIGgFatuenARtg;cMNuc A nigkgTisn enaHeKGackMNt;bMlas;TIedaydak;
bnknimit (virtual load) enAelIGgFatuEdlbnk P' enHmanGMeBIenAkgTisedAdUcKanwg rUbTI 96a. edIm,IPaBgayRsYl EdleXIjenAeBleRkay eyIgnwgeRCIserIs P' CabnkEdlmanTMhMmYy
kta Edl P' = 1 . BaknimitEdleRbICamYynwgbnk P' edaysarvaminEmnCabnkBit ehIyvakmin
EmnCaEpknbnkBit. bnkkta P' begItCabnkkgkta u enAkgFatuEdlCatMNag bsrsrbs;
GgFatuEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 9-6a. enATIenHeKtRmUv[ P' nig u manTMnak;TMngeTAnwgsmIkar
lMnwg .
*
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-286
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(9-13)
1 = u dL
(9-14)
bMlas;TIBitR)akd
Edl P' = 1 = bnknimitktaxageRkAEdlmanGMeBItamTisedArbs;
u = bnknimitxagkgEdlmanGMeBIenAelIFatukgTisedArbs; dL
= bMlas;TIxageRkAEdlbgedaybnkBit
dL = kMhUcRTg;RTayxagkgrbs;FatuEdlbgedaybnkBit
edayeRCIserIs P' = 1 eyIgGaceXIjfadMeNaHRsayrbs; manlkNedaypal; edaysar
= udL .
enAkgrebobdUcKa RbsinebIeKRtUvkarkMNt;mMurgVil bCRmalnbnat;b:HenARtg;cMNucenAelI
rcnasm<n eKRtUvGnuvtm:Um:g;nimit M ' EdlmanTMhMmYykta. Cavi)ak m:Um:g;xageRkAbegItbnknimit
u enAkgFatumYyrbs;GgFatu. edaysnt;fabnkBiteFVI[FatuxUcRTg;RTayedaybrimaN dL eK
GackMNt;mMurgVil BIsmIkarkmnnimit
bnknimit
bMlas;TIBitR)akd
Edl M ' = 1 = m:Um:g;nimitktaxageRkAEdlmanGMeBItamTisedArbs;
u = bnknimitxagkgEdlmanGMeBIenAelIFatukgTisedArbs; dL
= bMlas;TIxageRkAEdlbgedaybnkBit
dL = kMhUcRTg;RTayxagkgrbs;FatuEdlbgedaybnkBit
viFIeKalkarN_kmnnimitCaerOyeKehAfaviFIkmaMgnimit edaysareKGackMNt;bMlas;TIBit
edayeRbIkmaMgnimit. smIkarkmnnimitenAkgkrNIenHCatRmUvkar RtUvKanbMlas;TIsRmab;eRKOgbgM.
eTaHbICaenATIenH vaminsMxan;keday eyIgRtUvdwgfaeyIgkGac GnuvteKalkarN_kmnnimitCaviFIbMlas;
TInimitk)anEdr. enAkgkrNIenHeK[rcnasm<nmanbMlas;TInimit xNEdlvargbnkBit. eKGaceRbI
Deflection Using Energy Method
T.Chhay
-287
NPIC
Edl
nNL
AE
(9-15)
1=
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-288
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Edl
(9-16)
1 = nL
Edl
(9-17)
kmaMgnimit n
T.Chhay
-289
NPIC
kmaMgBit N
smIkarkmnnimit
GnuvtsmIkarkmnnimitedIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TIEdlcg;)an. eKcaM)ac;rkSaPaBdUcKankarsnt;
sBaaBiCKNitrbs;kmaMg n nigkmaMg N enAeBlCMnYsvaeTAkgsmIkar.
RbsinebI nNL / EA viCman bMlas;TI manTisedAdUcTisedArbs;bnkkta. RbsinebI lTplmantmGviCman nwgmanTisedApynwgTisedArbs;bnkkta.
enAeBlGnuvt1 = n T L eKRtUvdwgfaRbsinebIGgt;nImYyrgnUvkMeNInsItuNPaB
enaH T nwgviCman b:uEnebIsItuNPaBEdlfycuHvanwgeFVI[ T GviCman.
sRmab; 1 = n L enAeBlEdlkMhusqgkgkarpliteFVI[RbEvgrbs;Ggt;EvgCagmun
L nwgviCman b:uEnebIRbEvgrbs;vaxICagmun enaH L nwgGviCman.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-290
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
nNL 369.6kN
dUcenH
1kN C =
=
AE
AE
edayCMnYstmCaelxsRmab; A nig E eyIg)an
1kN C v =
396.6kN 2 m
C v = 0.00616m = 6.16mm
T.Chhay
-291
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
(a)
nNL 10.67kN m
1kN C =
=
dUcenH
AE
AE
edayCMnYstm A = 400mm 2 = 400(106 )m 2 nig E = 200GPa = 200(106 )kN / m 2 eyIg)an
2
1kN C v =
10.67 kN 2 m
C v = 0.000133m = 0.133mm
(b)
C v = 0.00333m = 3.33mm
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-292
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
nNL
+ nTL
AE
0.75(600 )(1.8)
( )[ ( )]
(1)(400)(2.4)
( )[ ( )]
( )[ ( )] [ ( )]
6
1200 10 200 10
1200 10 6 200 10 6
( 1.25)( 500)(3) + (1)1.08 10 5 (60)(2.4)
+
900 10 6 200 10 6
6
C v = 0.00193m = 19.3mm
T.Chhay
-293
NPIC
Edl
1=
mM
dx
EI
(9-18)
kmaMgnimitktaxageRkAEdlmanGMeBIenAelIFwm beRKagenAkgTisedArbs; .
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-294
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
1 =
m M
dx
EI
(9-19)
T.Chhay
-295
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
NPIC
T.Chhay
-296
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-297
NPIC
m:Um:g;Bt;nimit m b m
dak;bnkktaenAelIFwm beRKagenARtg;cMNucEdleyIgRtUvkarrkbMlas;TIedaymanTisdUcKa.
RbsinebIeKRtUvkarkMNt;mMurgVil eKRtUvdak;m:Um:g;xageRkAmYyktaenARtg;cMNucEdlcg;rk.
begItkUGredaen x smRsbEdlmannyenAkgtMbn;rbs;Fwm beRKagEdlminmanPaBdac;n
bnkBit bbnknimit.
CamYynwgkardak;bnknimit eKRtUvdkbnkBitTaMgGs;ecjBIFwm beRKag ehIyKNnam:Um:g;Bt;
m b m CaGnuKmn_nkUGredaennImYy.
snt; m b m eFVIGMeBIkgTisedAviCmandUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 4-1.
m:Um:g;Bt;Bit
smIkarkmnnimit
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-298
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
( )
200GPa I = 500 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
0
EI
15 10 3 kN 2 .m 3
1kN B =
EI
( )
EI
T.Chhay
-299
B =
NPIC
( )
200(10 )kN / m (500(10 )mm )10
15 103 kN .m 3
12
4
m 4 / mm
= 0.150m = 150mm
200GPa I = 60 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
m M
dx
EI
3
( 1) x
3
3 dx
=
0
EI
1 3 3
=
x dx
3EI 0
(1kN .m ) A = 0
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
( )
6.75
( ( )
)(
200 10 kN / m 60 10 6 mm 4 10 12 m 4 / mm 4
6
)
T.Chhay
-300
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
A = 0.000563rad
( )
E = 200GPa I = 60 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
m:Um:g;nimit m eKkMNt;mMurgVilRtg;cMNuc B edaydak;m:Um:g;nimitkta1kN.m enARtg;cMNuc B rUbTI 915b. enATIenH eKRtUveRCIserIskUGredaen x cMnYnBIr edIm,IkMNt;famBlbERmbRmYlrageFobnimitenA
kgFwm. eKKNnafamBlbERmbRmYlrageFobenAkgGgt; AB nigGgt; BC edayeRbIkUGredaen x1 nig
x 2 erogKa. eKKNnam:Um:g;Bt; m enAkgGgt;nImYyedayeRbIviFImuxkat;dUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 9-15b.
m:Um:g;Bit M edayeRbIkUGredaen x1 nig x2 dUcKa enaHsmIkarm:Um:g;Bt; M RtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI
9-15c.
smIkarkmnnimit mMurgVilRtg;cMNuc B RtUv)an[eday
T.Chhay
-301
NPIC
m M
dx
0 EI
5 (0 )( 3 x1 )dx1
5 (1)[ 3(5 + x 2 )]dx 2
=
+
0
0
EI
EI
2
112.5kN .m
B =
EI
1 B =
(1)
m Mdx =
1
1
m (M 1 + M 2 )L = (1)( 15 30 )5
2
2
= 112.5kN 2 .m 3
112.5kN 2 .m 3
[ ( ) ](
( )
200 10 6 kN / m 2 60 10 6 mm 4 10 12 m 4 / mm 4
B = 0.00928rad
( )
E = 200GPa I = 300 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-302
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
1 D =
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
L mM
dx
EI
3 ( 0.75 x3 )(120 5 x3 )
4.5 ( 1x1 )(0 )dx1
3 (0.75 x 2 4.5)(35 x 2 )dx 2
dx3
=
+
+
0
0
0
EI
EI
EI
0 472.5 371.25
843.75kN .m 3
=
=
EI
EI
EI
EI
3
843.75kN .m
0
D =
12
= 0.0141m = 14.1mm
T.Chhay
-303
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-304
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
0
EI
EI
1012.5 648 1660.5kN .m 3
=
+
=
EI
EI
EI
Ch
EI
(1)
1660.5kN .m 3
12
= 0.0353m = 35.3mm
( )
E = 200GPa I = 15 10 6 mm 4
T.Chhay
-305
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
1 C =
L m M
0 EI
0
EI
EI
11.25 15 26.25kN .m 2
+
=
C =
EI
EI
EI
26.25kN .m 2
C =
200 10 6 kN / m 2 15 10 6 mm 4 10 12 m 4 / mm 4
0
dx =
( )
[ ( ) ](
= 0.00875rad
eTaHbICaPaBdabrbs;Fwm nigeRKagbgeLIgedayfamBlbERmbRmYlrageFobEdlbNalBI
m:Um:g;Bt;CacMbgkeday kenAkgrcnasm<nxHfamBlbERmbRmYlrageFobbEnmnkmaMgtamGkS
kmaMgkat; kmaMgrmYl nigsItuNPaBGackayCasMxan;. eyIgnwgsikSaBI\TiBlnImYyenATIenH.
kmaMgtamGkS Ggt;rbs;eRKagGacrgkmaMgtamGkS ehIyeKGacsresrsmIkarfamBlbERmbRmYl
rageFobEdlbNalBIkM;laMgenHdUcenAkgkfaxN 9-4. sRmab;Ggt;Edlmanmuxkat;efr eyIgman
Un =
Edl
nNL
AE
(9-20)
kmaMgtamGkSnimitxagkgEdlbNalBIkmaMgnimitktaxageRkA.
N = kmaMgtamGkSxagkgenAkgGgt;EdlbNalBIkmaMgBit.
E = m:UDuleGLasicsRmab;smar.
A = RkLapmuxkat;rbs;Ggt;.
L = RbEvgrbs;Ggt;.
n=
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-306
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
kmaMgkat; edIm,IkMNt;famBlbERmbRmYlrageFobenAkgFwmEdlbNalBI
kmaMgkat; eyIgnwgBicarNa FatuGnntUc dx rbs;FwmEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI
9-19. kMhUcRTg;RTayedaykmaMgkat; (shearing distortion) dy rbs;
FatuGnntUcEdlbNal BIkmaMgBitKW dy = dx . RbsinebIbERmbRmYlrag
eFobedaysarkmaMgkat; (shearing strain) EdlbNalBIkmaMgkat;man
GMeBIelIsmareGLasiclIenEGr enaHeKGacGnuvtc,ab;hUk = / G .
dUc enH dy = ( / G )dx . eyIgGacsresrkugRtaMgkat;Ca = K (V / A) Edl K CaemKuNrag (form
factor) EdlGaRsynwgrUbragnRkLapmuxkat; A rbs;Fwm. dUcenHeyIgGacsresr
dy = K (V / GA)dx . sRmab;FwmTaMgmUl
eKGackMNt;famBlbERmbRmYlrageFobnimitedayGaMgetRkal
L vV
Us = K
dx
0
GA
Edl
(9-21)
kmaMgkat;nimitxagkgenAkgGgt;EdlRtUv)ansresrCaGnuKmn_n x ehIybNalBIbnk
nimitktaxageRkA.
V = kmaMgkat;xagkgenAkgGgt;EdlRtUv)ansresrCaGnuKmn_n x ehIybNalBIkmaMgBit.
A = RkLapmuxkat;rbs;Ggt;.
K = emKuNragsRmab;RkLapmuxkat; (form factor for cross-sectional area)
K = 1.2 sRmab;muxkat;ctuekaN
K = 10 / 9 sRmab;muxkat;rgVg;
K 1.0 sRmab;FwmGkSr I Edl A CaRkLaprbs;RTnug
G = m:UDuleGLasicnkmaMgkat; (shear modulus of elasticity) sRmab;smar.
kmaMgrmYl CaerOyrcnasm<nbITMhM kglMh rgkmaMgrmYl.
RbsinebIGgt;manmuxkat;mUl enaH muxkat;rbs;vaminman warping
ekIteLIgeT enAeBlEdlvargbnk. CalTpl eKGacsresrfamBl
bERmbRmYlrageFobenAkgGgt;)anedayRsYl edayBicarNaelIFatu
GnntUc dx rbs;Ggt;Edlrgm:Um:g; rmYl T rUbTI 9-20. kmaMg
rmYlenHeFVI[manbERmbRmYlrageFobkmaMgkat; = (cd ) / dx . kg krNIsmarmanlkN
v=
T.Chhay
-307
NPIC
Edl
tTL
GJ
(9-22)
kmaMgrmYlnimitxagkgEdlbNalBIbnknimitktaxageRkA.
T = kmaMgrmYlxagkgenAkgGgt;EdlbNalBIkmaMgBit.
G = m:UDuleGLasicnkmaMgkat; (shear modulus of elasticity) sRmab;smar.
J = m:Um:g;niclPaBb:UElrsRmab;muxkat;/ J = c 4 / 2 Edl c CakaMrbs;muxkat;.
K = RbEvgrbs;Ggt;.
eKRtUvkMNt;famBlbERmbRmYlrageFobEdlbNalBIkmaMgrmYlsRmab;Ggt;Edlmanmuxkat;minEmn
mUl edayeRbIkarviPaKEdlmanlkNht;ct;CagGVIEdl)anerobrab;enATIenH.
kmaMgrmYl enAkgkfaxN 9-4 eyIg)anBicarBaelI\TiBlnbERmbRmYlsItuNPaBesI dT enAelIGgt;
truss ehIy)anbgajfaGgt;nwglUt brYjxIedaybrimaN dL = TL . b:uEn enAkgkrNIxH rcnasm<n GacrgsItuNPaBxusKaelImuxkat;TaMgmUl dUckgkrNInFwmEdl)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 9-21a.
kgkrNIEbbenH eKGackMNt;bMlas;TIrbs;cMNuctambeNayExSekageGLasicrbs;FwmedayeRbI
eKalkarN_kmnnimit. edIm,IGnuvteKalkarN_kmnnimit dMbUgeyIgRtUvKNnabrimaNmMurgVilrbs;Fatu
GnntUc dx rbs;FwmEdlbNalmkBIbERmbRmYlkMedA (thermal gradient) EdlmanGMeBIelImuxkat;
Fwm. eyIgnwgeRCIserIskrNIsamBabMputrbs;FwmEdlmanGkSNWtsitenABak;kNalkm<s; (c ) rbs;
muxkat;Fwm. RbsinebIeyIgKUrTRmg;nbERmbRmYlsItuNPaBenAkgmuxkat; rUbTI 9-21b eyIgeXIj
fasItuNPaBmFmKW Tm = (T1 + T2 ) / 2 . RbsinebI T1 > T2 enaHbERmbRmYlsItuNPaBenATItaMgxag
elIbMputeFVI[FatuGnntUcmanbERmbRmYlrageFoblUt ehIybERmbRmYlrageFobrbs;FatuGnntUcenA
TItaMgxageRkambMputrYj. enAkgkrNITaMgBIr bERmbRmYlsItuNPaBKW Tm = T1 Tm = Tm T2 .
edaysarbERmbRmYlkMedA rbs;RbEvgenAxagelIbMput nigenAxageRkambMputKW x = Tm dx rUbTI 921c enaHmMurgVilrbs;Fatu GnntUcKW
t=
d =
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
Tm dx
c
T.Chhay
-308
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
RbsinebIeyIgGnuvtkmaMgnimitktaenARtg;cMNucmYyenAelIFwmEdleKRtUvkarkMNt;bMlas;TI bGnuvt
m:Um:g;nimitktaenARtg;cMNucEdlRtUvkarkMNt;bMlas;TIEdlKitCamMurgVilrbs;bnat;b:H enaHkmaMgTaMg
enHnwgbegItm:Um:g;nimit m enAkgFwmRtg;cMNucEdlFatuGnntUc dx sitenA. enAeBlEdlbERmbRmYl
sItuNPaBmanGMeBI enaHfamBlbERmbRmYlrageFobnimitenAkgFwmKW
U temp =
Edl
mTm dx
c
(9-23)
m:Um:g;nimitxagkgEdlsmIkarrbs;vaRtUv)ansresrCaGnuKmn_eTAnwg x ehIyEdlbNal
BIbnknimitktaxageRkA bm:Um:g;nimitkta.
= emKuNlUtkMedA.
Tm = bERmbRmYlsItuNPaBrvagsItuNPaBmFm nigsItuNPaBenAxagelI benAxageRkam
bMputrbs;Fwm.
c = km<s;Bak;kNalrbs;muxkat;Fwm.
elIkElgEtmankarbBaak; ebImindUcenaHeTcMeNaTenAkgesovePAenHnwgBicarNaEtPaBdabrbs;Fwm
nigPaBdabrbs;eRKagEdlbNalBIm:Um:g;Bt;Etb:ueNaH. b:uEn CaTUeTAGgt;Fwm nigeRKagGacrgnUvbnk
epSgCaeRcIndUcEdl)anerobrab;enAkgkfaxNenH. b:uEn dUcEdl)anerobrab;rYcenAkgkfaxNmun
PaBdabbEnmEdlbNalBIkmaMgkat; kmaMgtamGkS eFIV[PaBdabrbs;FwmERbRbYlRtwmEtBIr bbI
PaKryb:ueNaH. edaysarmUlehtuenH CaTUeTAeKecalvakgkarviPaK. RbsinebIeKKit\TiBlEdl)an
erobrab;enAkgkfaxNenH eKGacbUkbBalfamBlbERmbRmYlrageFobnimitEdl)ankMNt;enAkg
smIkar 9-20 dl; 9-23 eTAkgsmIkarkmnnimitEdl)ankMNt;edaysmIkar 9-18 b 919. ]TahrN_
xageRkambgajBIkarGnuvtnsmIkarTaMgenH.
m=
T.Chhay
-309
NPIC
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-310
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
L mMdx
EI
1660.5kN 2 .m 3
1660.5kN 2 .m 3
=
EI
200 10 6 kN / m 2 235 10 6 10 12 m 4
[ ( )
][ ( )(
) ]
nNL
AE
1.25kN (112.5kN )(3m )
1kN (0 )(2.4m )
[ ( )
][ ( )( ) ]
edayGnuvtsmIkarkmnnimit eyIg)an
1kN C h = 35.3kN .mm + 0.105kN .mm + 0.182kN .mm
C h = 35.59mm
T.Chhay
-311
NPIC
PaBdabtamTisbBarrbs;FwmenARtg;cMNuckNalFwmEdlbNalBIbERmbRmYlsItuNPaB. yk
= 11.7(10 6 )/ o C .
dMeNaHRsay
1N C v =
( )
C v = 2.37 mm
lTplbgajfavaCaPaBdabEdlGacecal)an.
T.Chhay
-312
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
U i
dPi
Pi
(9-24)
(9-25)
T.Chhay
-313
NPIC
dPi
i =
U i
Pi
(9-26)
=
P 2 AE
P AE
Edl
(9-27)
bMlas;TIntMNrbs; truss.
P = kmaMgxageRkAEdlGnuvteTAelItMN truss tamTisedArbs; .
N = kmaMgxagkgrbs;Ggt;EdlbNalBIkmaMg P nigbnkenAelI truss.
L = RbEvgrbs;Ggt;.
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-314
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
RkLapmuxkat;rbs;Ggt;.
E = m:UDuleGLasicrbs;Ggt;.
smIkarenHRsedogeTAnwgsmIkarEdleRbIsRmab;viFIkmnnimit smIkar 9-15, 1 = nNL / AE
Edl n RtUv)anCMnYseday N / P . cMNaMfa edIm,IkMNt;edrIevedayEpk eKcaM)ac;RtUvcat;Tuk P dUcCa
Gefr ehIyelIsBIenH eKRtUvsresrkmaMgkgGgt; N nImYyCaGnuKmn_eTAnwgkmaMg P . CalTpl
karKNna N / P TamTarnUvkarKNnaeRcInCagkarKNnakmaMg n nImYyedaypal;. tYTaMgenHman
lkNdUcKa edaysar n b N / P CabERmbRmYlnkmaMgkgGgt;tambnk P bbERmbRmYlenAkg
kmaMgGgt;kgelIbnkkta.
A=
kmaMgxageRkA P
kmaMgkg N
RTwsIkasIKIy:aNU
T.Chhay
-315
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
AE
P AE
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-316
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
yk E = 200GPa . RkLapmuxkat;rbs;Ggt;nImYyRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUb.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-317
NPIC
N L
Cv = N
P AE
= 0+0+0+
468.75kN .m
( )m [200(10 )kN / m ]
385 10
202.5kN .m
( )m [200(10 )kN / m ]
577.5 10
= 0.00784m = 7.84mm
dMeNaHRsay
EA
P AE
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-318
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
369.7 kN .m(1000mm / m)
L M 2 dx
P 0 2 EI
kareFVIDIepr:g;EslmunkareFVIGaMgetRkalmanlkNgayRsYlCagkareFVIGaMgetRkaleTAelIkaern
m:Um:g;Bt; M rYceTIbeFVIedrIevedayEpktameRkay. kgkrNIEdl E nig i Catmefr eyIg)an
L
M dx
= M
0
P EI
Edl
(9-28)
bMlas;TIncMNucEdlbNaledaybnkBitEdlmanGMeBIelIFwm beRKag.
P = kmaMgxageRkAEdlGnuvteTAelIFwm beRKagtamTisedArbs; .
M = m:Um:g;Bt;enAkgFwm beRKag EdlRtUv)ansresrCaGnuKmn_eTAnwg x nigedaysarkmaMg P
nigkmaMgBitenAelIFwm.
E = mU:DuleGLasicrbs;Ggt;.
I = m:Um:g;niclPaBnRkLapmuxkat;EdlKNnaRtg;GkSNWt.
RbsinebIeKRtUvkarkMNt;mMurgVilenARtg;cMNucmYy eyIgRtUvrkedrIevedayEpknm:Um:g;Bt; M tam
m:Um:g;xageRkA M ' EdlmanGMeBIenARtg;cMNucenaH eBalKW
=
M dx
M ' EI
= M
0
(9-29)
T.Chhay
-319
NPIC
L V 2 dx
Ut =
LT
2 AG
2
dx
2 JG
L V V
U s
=
dx
0
P
AG P
L T T
U t
=
dx
0 JG P
P
kmaMgxageRkA P bm:Um:g;xageRkA M
m:Um:g;Bt; M
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-320
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
RTwsIkasIKIy:aNU
( )
dMeNaHRsay
x
M (12 x ) Px = 0
2
M = 6 x 2 Px
edayyk P = 0 eyIg)an
M = 6x 2
M
= x
P
M
= x
P
T.Chhay
-321
NPIC
P EI
15 103 kN .m 3
=
EI
B =
( )
EI
( )
200(10 )kN / m [500(10 )mm ](10
15 10 3 kN .m 3
12
m 4 / mm 4
= 0.150m = 150mm
( )
200GPa I = 60 10 6 mm 4
dMeNaHRsay
M 1 + 3 x1 = 0
M 1 = 3x1
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-322
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
M 1
=0
M '
sRmab; x2
M 2 M '+3(5 + x2 ) = 0
+M = 0
M 2 = M '3(5 + x2 )
M 2
=1
M '
0
0
EI
EI
M ' EI
112.5kN .m 2
=
EI
112.5kN .m 2
B =
200 10 6 kN / m 2 60 10 6 mm 4 10 12 m 4 / mm 4
L
B = M
0
( )
[ ( ) ](
= 0.00938rad
( ) .
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-323
NPIC
+M = 0
sRmab; x2
M 2 + (8 + 0.5 P )x2 = 0
+M = 0
M 2 = (8 + 0.5 P )x2
M 1
= 0.5 x1
P
M 2
= 0.5 x2
P
Cv
0
0
EI
P EI
234.7 kN .m 3 192kN .m 3 426.7 kN .m 3
=
+
=
EI
EI
EI
3
426.7 kN .m
=
6
2
200 10 kN / m 150 10 6 mm 4 10 12 m 4 / mm 4
( )
[ ( ) ](
EI
= 0.0142m = 14.2mm
PaBdabedayeRbIviFIfamBl
T.Chhay
-324
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
+M = 0
M 1 = 15 x12 + M '
M 1
= 1
M '
sRmab; x2
(
= 108(x
+M = 0
)
+ 1 .8 ) M '
2 cos 60
0
0
EI
M ' EI
233.28kN .m 2 826.2kN .m 2 1059.48kN .m 2
=
+
=
EI
EI
EI
2
1059.48kN .m
C =
=
6
2
200 10 kN / m 235 10 6 mm 4 10 12 m 4 / mm 4
( )
[ ( ) ](
EI
= 0.00225 rad
T.Chhay
-325
NPIC
cMeNaT
(>!> eRbIviFIkmnnimitedIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TIbBar
ntMN B rbs; truss. Ggt;EdknImYymanRkLapmuxkat; 300mm2 / E = 200GPa .
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-326
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-327
NPIC
T.Chhay
-328
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
(>#$> kMNt;bMlas;TItamTisQrrbs;tMN E n
truss enAkgcMeNaT (>#@. sRmab;Ggt;
nImYy A = 900mm2 / E = 200GPa . eRbIviFI
kmnnimit.
(>#%> edaHRsaycMeNaT (>#$> edayeRbIRTwsIka
sIKIy:aNU.
(>#^> kMNt;bMlas;TItamTisQrrbs;tMN D n
truss. Ggt;nImYymanmuxkat; A = 300mm 2 /
E = 200GPa . eRbIviFIkmnnimit.
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-329
NPIC
T.Chhay
-330
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(>^%> eRbIviFIkmnnimitedIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TItam
TisedkenARtg;cMNuc C . RkLapmuxkat;rbs;
Ggt; nImYyRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUb. snt;Ggt;
T.Chhay
-331
NPIC
TaMgGs;RtUv)antPab;edaytMNsnak;. E =
200GPa .
T.Chhay
-332
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay
-333
NPIC
!0> viPaKeRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
Analysis of statically indeterminate structures by the force method
T.Chhay
-334
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-335
NPIC
ehIylkxNRtUvKaRtUv)anbMeBjenAeBlEdlkMNat;Ggt;CaeRcInrbs;rcnasm<neFVIkarCamYyKaeday
minmankardac;xagkg bKgBIelIKa. tRmUvkarTMnak;TMngkmaMg nigbMlas;TIGaRsynwgkareFVIkarrbs;
smar enAkgGtbTenHeyIgsnt;fasmareFVIkarCalkNeGLasiclIenEGr. CaTUeTA eKmanviFIBIr
epSgKaedIm,IbMeBjtRmUvkarTaMgenHenAeBlviPaKrcnasm<nminkMNt;edaysaTicKW viFIkmaMg bviFIPicsIubIlIFI (force or flexibility method) nigviFIbMlas;TI bviFIPaBrwgRkaj (displacement or stiffness
method).
viFIkmaMg viFIenHRtUv)anbegIteLIgCadMbUgedayecmkWkm:akesVl (James Clerk Maxwell) enAkgqaM
1864 nigeRkaymk viFIenHRtUv)anEksRmYl[manlkNlRbesIredayGUtUmr (Otto Mohr) nig
ehnrIcmuyeyeRbs (Heinrich Muller-Breslau). edaysarlkxNRtUvKabegIteKalkarN_sRmab;
viFIenH eBlxHeKGacehAvaCaviFIxMepFIbIlIFI (compatibility method) bviFIbMlas;TIzitezr (method
of consistent displacement). viFIenHRtUv)anbegIteLIgedaykarsresrsmIkarEdlbMeBjlkxN
RtUvKa nigtRmUvkarnTMnak;TMngkmaMg nigbMlas;TIsRmab;eRKOgbgMedIm,IkMNt;kmaMgEdlCaGBaat
elIs.
enAeBlEdleKkMNt;kmaMgTaMgenHrYcehIy eKGackMNt;kmaMgRbtikmEdlenAsl;edaybMeBjtRmUvkar
lkxNlMnwg. eKalkarN_mUldanEdlBak;BnnwgkarGnuvtviFIenHmanlkNgayRsYlyl; nigman
lkNgayRsYlbegIt ehIyvakRtUv)anelIkykmkBiPakSaenAkgCMBUkenHpgEdr.
viFIbMlas;TI viFIenHEpkelIkarsresrTMnak;TMngrvagkmaMg nigbMlas;TIsRmab;Ggt;CadMbUg bnab;mk
EpkelIkarsresrsmIkarlMnwgsRmab;eRKOgbgM. enAkgkrNIenH GBaatenAkgsmIkarKWbMlas;TI. enA
eBlEdleKTTYl)anbMlas;TI eKGackMNt;kmaMgBIlkxNRtUvKa nigsmIkarTMnak;TMngrvagbMlas;TI nig
kmaMg. eyIgnwgsikSabeckeTsxHEdleRbIedIm,IGnuvtviFIbMlas;TIenAkgCMBUk11 nigCMBUk12. rUbmn
ma:RTIsnviFIenHmanbgajenAkgCMBUk14/ 15 nig16.
viFInImYynviFITaMgBIrEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 10-2 manKuNsm,ti nigKuNvibtiGaRsyeTAnwg
ragFrNImaRtrbs;eRKOgbgM nigdWeRknPaBminkMNt;rbs;va.
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-336
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!0>@> dMeNIrkarTUeTAkgkarviPaKedayviFIkmaMg
(Force method of analysis: general procedure)
meFa)aydlbMputkgkarbgajeKalkarN_Edl
Bak;BnnwgviFIkmaMgKWBicarNaFwmEdlbgaj enAkgrUbTI
10-3a. RbsinebIeKKUrdaRkamGgesrIrbs;va enaHvanwg
mankmaMgRbtikmEdlCaGBaatcMnYnbYn ehIyedaysarEt
vaGacmansmIkarlMnwgcMnYnbIsRmab;karedaHRsay enaHFwm
enHCarcnasm<ndWeRkTImYy. dUcenH eKcaM)ac;RtUvkarsmIkar
bEnmcMnYnmYysRmab;edaHRsay. edIm,ITTYlsmIkarenH
eyIgnwgeRbIeKalkarN_tRmYtpl nigBicarNalkNRtUvKa
nbMlas;TIenARtg;TRmmag. eKGacviPaKFwmenHedayeRCIs
erIskmaMgRbtikmTRmmYyCaGBaatelIs ehIydkvaecjBI
FwmCabeNaHGasn enaHFwmenHnwgkayCaeRKOgbgMkMNt;
edaysaTic nigmansirPaB. FwmenHeK[eQaHfa eRKOgbgM
bzm (primary structure). enATIenH eyIgnwgykkmaMg
Rbtikmrbs;TRmkl;Rtg;cMNuc B ecj. CalTpl bnk P
nwgeFVI[cMNuc B pas;TIcuHeRkam edaybrimaN B dUc
bgajenAkgrUbTI 10-3b. b:uEn edayviFItRmYtpl kmaMg
RbtikmEdlCaGBaatenARtg;cMNuc B eBalKW B y eFVI[FwmenARtg;cMNuc B pas;TIeLIgelIeday
brimaN 'BB rUbTI 10-3c. enATIenHGkSr B dMbUgsMedAelIcMNuc B EdlRtUv karkMNt;PaBdab
ehIyGkSr B TIBIrsMedAelIcMNuc B EdlkmaMgRbtikmEdlCaGBaatmanGMeBI. eday bMlas;TIviCman
Edl)ansnt;manGMeBIeLIgelI enaHBIrUbTI 10-3a rhUtdl;rUbTI 10-3c eyIgGacsresrsmIkar
RtUvKaEdlcaM)ac;enARtg;TRmkl;Ca
(+ )
0 = B + ' BB
T.Chhay
-337
NPIC
0 = A + M A AA
T.Chhay
-338
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
]TahrN_TIbIEdlbgajBIkarGnuvtnviFIkmaMgRtUv
)an[enAkgrUbTI 10-5a. enATIenH FwmCarcnasm<n
minkMNt;edaysaTicdWeRkTIBIr dUcenHeKRtUvkarsmIkar
lkxNRtUvKacMnYnBIrsRmab;eFVIkar edaHRsay. eyIgnwg
eRCIserIskmaMgbBarenARtg;TRm B nig C Ca GBaat
elIs. eRkayeBldkGBaatelIsecj FwmkMNt;eday
saTicman PaBdabdUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 10-5b. kmaMg
EdlCaGBaatelIs nImYyEdlRtUv)ansnt;[manGMeBIcuH
eRkameFVI[FwmmanPaBdabdUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 10-5c
nig 10-5d erogKa. enATIenH eKkMNt; flexibility
coefficient * f BB nig f CB BIkmaMgktamanGMeBIenARtg;
cMNuc B rUbTI 10-5e ehIyeKkMNt; fCC nig f BC
BIkmaMgktamanGMeBIenARtg;cMNuc C rUbTI 10-5f.
edayviFItRmYtpl smIkarlkxNRtUvKasRmab;PaBdab
Rtg;cMNuc B nig C KW
(+ )
0 = B + B y f BB + C y f BC
(+ )
0 = C + B y f CB + C y f CC
(10-1)
eRkayeBlbegItTMnak;TMngbnk nigbMlas;TIedayeRbIviFI
enAkgCMBUk 8 nig9 eKGacedaHRsayRbBnsmIkarenHedIm,I
rk B y nig C y .
edaysarkarGnuvtviFIkmaMgRtUv)anbgajtamry]TahrN_ eyIgnwgBiPakSakarGnuvtrbs;va
kgnyTUeTA ehIybnab;mkeyIgnwgeRbIvaCamUldansRmab;edaHRsaycMeNaTEdlTak;Tgnwg truss, Fwm
nigeRKag. b:uEnsRmab;krNITaMgGs;enH eyIgRtUvdwgfa edaysarviFIenHGaRsynwgkartRmYtpln
bMlas;TI eKcaM)ac;RtUv[smarenAEteFVIkarkgEdneGLasiclIenEGrenAeBlEdlvargbnk. ehIy
eyIgkRtUvdwgEdrfa eKGackMNt;kmaMgRbtikm nigkmaMgkgTaMgGs;enARtg;cMNucmYyenAkgeRKOgbgM
edayyklTPaBRTRTg;bnkrbs;eRKOgbgMecj ehIybnab;mksresrsmIkarlkxNRtUvKaenARtg;
CaPaBdabenARtg;cMNuc B EdlbNalBIkmaMgktaenARtg;cMNuc B
kmaMgktaenARtg;cMNuc B .
*
f BB
f CB
CaPaBdabenARtg;cMNuc C EdlbNalBI
T.Chhay
-339
NPIC
eKalkarN_tRmYtpl
kMNt;cMnYndWeRkminkMNt; n rbs;rcnasm<n. bnab;mkkMNt;GBaatelIs n CakmaMg bCam:Um:g;EdlRtUv
dkecjCabeNaHGasnBIrcnasm<nedIm,IeFVI[vaeTACaeRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTic nigmansirPaB.
edayeRbIviFItRmYtpl KUreRKOgbgMminkMNt;edaysaTic nigbgajfavaesIeTAnwgesrIneRKOgbgMkMNt;
edaysaTicEdlRtUvKa. rcnasm<ndMbUgCaeRKOgbgMkMNt;edaysaTicEdlRTbnkxageRkAdUceRKOgbgM
minkMNt;edaysaTic ehIyrcnasm<ndTepSgeTotCarcnasm<nkMNt;edaysaTicbEnmeTAelIrcna
sm<ndMbUg ehIyfaRTbnk bm:Um:g;EdlCaGBaatelIsdac;edayELkBIKa. ehIyKUrExSekageGLasic
enAelIrcnasm<nnImYy nigbgajnimitsBaabMlas;TI bnimitsBaamMurgVilrbs;kmaMg bm:Um:g;EdlCa
GBaatelIs.
smIkarlkxNRtUvKa
smIkarlMnwg
sg;daRkamGgesrIrbs;rcnasm<n. edaysareyIg)anKNnakmaMg nigbm:Um:g;EdlCaGBaatelIs
rYcehIy eyIgGackMNt;kmaMgRbtikmEdlCaGBaatEdlenAesssl;BIsmIkarlMnwg.
eKesIfa RbsinebIdaRkam M / EI sRmab;FwmmanlkNsamBa eKGaceRbIRTwsIRkLapm:Um:g; bviFIFwmnimit. eKGackMNt;
FwmEdlmandaRkam M / EI sKsajenARKb;cMNucenAelIrcnasm<nedayeRbIviFIEdl)anerobrab;sRmab;eRKOgbgMkMNt;eday
saTic.
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-340
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
enAeBlEdlm:akSEvl)anbegItviFIkmaMg Kat;k)anpSBVpSayRTwsIEdlTak;TgeTAnwgeTAnwg
flexibility coefficient nBIrcMNucenAelIrcnasm<neGLasicEdlmandUcCa truss, Fwm beRKag. eK
GacehARTwsIenHfaRTwsIbMlas;TIersIuRbUk EdleBaldUcteTA bMlas;TIrbs;cMNuc B enAelIeRKOgbgM
EdlbNalBIbnkktaEdlmanGMeBIenARtg;cMNuc A esIeTAnwgbMlas;TIrbs;cMNuc A enAeBlEdl
bnkktamanGMeBIenARtg;cMNuc B eBalKW f BA = f AB .
eKbkRsayRTwsIenHedayRsYledayeRbIeKalkarN_kmnnimit. Ca]TahrN_ BicarNaFwmenA
kgrUbTI 10-6. enAeBlbnkktaBitmanGMeBIenARtg; A snt;fam:Um:g;Bt;enAkgFwmtameday m A .
edIm,IkMNt; flexibility coefficient enARtg; B eBalKW f BA eKRtUvdak;bnkktanimitenARtg;cMNuc B
rUbTI 10-7 ehIyeKkMNt;m:Um:t;Bt; mB . edayGnuvtsmIkar 9-18 eyIg)an
f BA =
mB m A
dx
EI
m A mB
dx
EI
GaMgetRkalTaMgBIrpl;nUvlTpldUcKaEdlRtUvnwgBMenalrbs;RTwsI. RTwsIenHkGacGnuvt
sRmab;mMurgVilersIuRbUkEdr EdlRTwsIenHeBaldUcteTA mMurgVilenARtg;cMNuc B enAelIeRKOgbgMEdl
bNalBIm:Um:g;ktaEdlmanGMeBIenARtg;cMNuc A esInwgmMurgVIlenARtg;cMNuc A enAeBlm:Um;g;manGMeBI
enARtg;cMNuc B . elIsBIenH edayeRbIkmaMg nigm:Um:g;ktaEdlGnuvtenAelIrcnasm<nRtg;cMNucdac;
Analysis of statically indeterminate structures by the force method
T.Chhay
-341
NPIC
Ca tmefr.
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-342
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
0 = B + B y f BB
(1)
B =
=
f BB =
3EI
576m
PL 1(12m )
=
=
3EI
3EI
EI
3
EI
0=
9000
576
+ By
EI
EI
B y = 15.6kN
RbsinebIeKdak;kmaMgRbtikmenHeTAelIdaRkamGgesrIrbs;Fwm eKGacTTYlkmaMgRbtikmenARtg; A
BIsmIkarlMnwgbI rUbTI 10-8c.
eRkayeBlkMNt;kmaMgRbtikmTaMgGs; eKGacsg;daRkamm:Um:g;dUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 108d.
dMeNaHRsay
0 = A + M A AA
(1)
T.Chhay
-343
NPIC
AA
0=
15
1
+ M A
EI
EI
M A = -15kN.m
]TahrN_ 10-3 sg;daRkamkmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;FwmEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 1010a. TRm B mansRmut 40mm . yk E = 200GPa / I = 500(106 )mm 4 .
dMeNaHRsay
0.04 = B + B y f BB
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
(1)
T.Chhay
-344
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
800
(2.667 ) 1000 (8) = 0
EI
EI
5866.67 5867
=
=
EI
EI
M B' +
M B'
mB ' +
+ M B' = 0
5866.67
85.33
+ By
EI
EI
T.Chhay
-345
NPIC
+ Fy = 0
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-346
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
0 = A + M A AA + M B AB
0 = B + M A BA + M B BB
(1)
(2)
AA
BB
AB
cMNaMfa AB = BA CalkNsMxan;rbs;RTwsIbMlas;TIersIuRbUkrbs;m:akSEvl.
edayCMnYsTinnyxagelIeTAkgsmIkar (1) nig (2) eyIg)an
151.9
2
1
+ M A + M B
EI
EI
EI
118.1
1
2
+ M A + M B
0=
EI
EI
EI
0=
M B = 28.1kN .m
EI
tmefr.
T.Chhay
-347
man
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
0 = B + M B BB
Edl
B = ' B + "B
BB = ' BB + "BB
nig
eKGackMNt;mMurgVil nig angular flexibility coefficient BItaragenAkgCMBUk 9 Edl
'B =
wL3
2(3.6 )3 3.888kN .m 2
=
=
EI
24 EI
24 EI
2.5(3)2 1.406kN .m 2
PL2
"B =
=
=
16 EI
16 EI
EI
ML 1(3.6 ) 1.2m
' BB =
=
=
EI
3EI
3EI
ML 1(3) 1m
=
=
"BB =
3EI 3EI EI
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-348
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
dUcenH
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
3.888kN .m 2 1.406kN .m 2
1.2m 1m
+
+ MB
+
=0
EI
EI
EI
EI
M B = 2.406kN .m
EI
tmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
Analysis of statically indeterminate structures by the force method
T.Chhay
-349
man
NPIC
()
0 = B + Bx f BB
(1)
0
EI
166.7
166.7
=
+0=
EI
EI
EI
EI
2
2
5 (0.8 x1 ) dx1
4 (1x2 ) dx2
mm
dx =
+
0
0
EI
EI
EI
26.7 21.3 48.0
=
+
=
EI
EI
EI
166.7
48.0
+ Bx
EI
EI
Bx = 3.47kN
Fx = 0
+MA = 0
+ Fy = 0
Ax 3.47 = 0
Ax = 3.47kN
B y = 22.8kN
Ay 40 + 22.8 = 0
Ay = 17.2kN
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-350
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
mantmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
0 = A + M A AA
(1)
T.Chhay
-351
NPIC
Mm
dx
EI
2.4 (0.13 x1 )(1 0.278 x1 )dx1
1.5 1.34 x2 0.75 x22 (0.222 x2 )dx2
=
+
0
0
EI
EI
0.209 0.124 0.333
=
+
=
EI
EI
EI
A =
2.4
m m
dx
EI
(1 0.278 x2 )2 dx1 +
EI
1.155 0.555 1.21
=
+
=
EI
EI
EI
1.5
(0.222 x2 )2 dx2
EI
0.333
1.21
+ M A
EI
EI
M A = 0.275kN .m
sBaadkbgajfa M A manGMeBItamTisedApyeTAnwgGVIEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI10-14b.
mantmefrsRmab;RKb;Ggt;TaMgGs;.
dMeNaHRsay
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-352
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(1)
T.Chhay
-353
NPIC
nNL
AE
( 0.8)(2)(2.4) ( 0.6)(0)(1.8) ( 0.6 )(1.5)(1.8)
= 2
+
+
AE
AE
AE
16.8
=
AE
AC =
AE
AE
AE
10.37
=
AE
f ACAC =
16.8 10.37
+
FAC
AE
AE
FAC = 1.62kN (T )
ebIeKeRbIekALak;enAelIGgt; AC edIm,IeFVI[Ggt;enHxICagGgt;
nImYymanmuxkat; 125mm2 nig E = 200GPa .
BD
RbEvg
12.5mm
. Ggt;
dMeNaHRsay
10.37
AE
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-354
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
edaysnt;brimaNrYjxIrbs;Ggt;mantmviCman dUcenHsmIkarlkxNRtUvKasRmab;Ggt;KW
0.0125m = 0 +
edaydwgfa
f ACAC
10.37
FAC
AE
CabMlas;TIkgmYyktakmaMg eyIg)an
0.0125m = 0 +
10.37m
(125mm )(200kN / mm ) F
2
AC
dUcenH
FAC = 30.14kN = 30.1kN (T )
edaysarminmankmaMgxageRkAmanGMeBIelI truss kmaMgRbtikmTRmesIsUn. dUcenH edayeRbI FAC
nigedayviPaK truss edayviFItMN eyIgTTYl)anlTpldUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 10-16c.
nigPab;eTAnwgr)arBIrEdlmanTRmsnak;enARtg;cMNuc B . kMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt; BD . yk
E = 200GPa / I = 300(106 )mm 4 sRmab;Fwm nig A = 1800mm 2 sRmab;r)ardTeTot .
Analysis of statically indeterminate structures by the force method
T.Chhay
-355
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
eyIgGaceRbIviFIkmnnimitedIm,IKNna BD nig
kgrUbTI 10-17c nig10-17d.
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
(1)
f BDBD
. karviPaKkmaMgEdlcaM)ac;RtUv)anbgajenA
T.Chhay
-356
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
BD =
m 2 dx
n2 L
+
EI
AE
EI
AE
3.93
5
=
= 1.092 10 m / kN
1800(200 )
( )
edayCMnYsTinnyEdl)anrkBIxagelIeTAkgsmIkar (1) eyIg)an
0 = BD + FBD f BDBD
AE
( )
FBC = 44.9kN (C )
!0>*> kMNt;sMKal;bEnmelIkarviPaKtamviFIkmaMg
(Additional remarks on the force method of analysis)
enAeBlenHedaysareKalKMnitnviFIkmaMgRtUv)anGPivD eyIgnwgbneFVI[karGnuvtrbs;va
manlkNTUeTA ehIyeyIgnwgBiPakSaBIplRbeyaCn_rbs;va.
enAeBlKNna flexibility coefficient fij b ij sRmab;rcnasm<n eKRtUvcMNaMfavaGaRsy
Et nwglkNsmar niglkNFrNImaRtrbs;Ggt; nigminGaRsynwgkardak;bnkelIeRKOgbgMdMbUg
(primary structure) eT. dUcenH enAeBlEdltmTaMgenHRtUv)anKNna eKGaceRbIvaedIm,IKNna
kmaMgsRmab;RKb;kardak;bnkTaMgGs;.
Analysis of statically indeterminate structures by the force method
T.Chhay
-357
NPIC
Edl
f1n f 2n
L f1n R1
1
L f 2n R2
2
=
M
M
M
n
L f nn Rn
(10-2)
f R =
emIl H.C. Martin, Introduction to Matrix Methods of Structural Analysis, McGraw-Hill, New York Ca]TahrN_.
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-358
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-359
NPIC
RbsinebIrcnasm<nsIuemRTIrgbnkminsIuemRTI
enaHeKRtUvbMElgva[eTACabgMbnksIuemRTI
nigbgMbnkminsIuemRTI. edIm,IeFVIEbbenH dMbUg
eKRtUvEckbnknwgBIr bnab;mkeTot eKdak;
[vamanlkNsIuemRTI nigminsIuemRTI. Ca
]TahrN_ eKRtUvEckbnkenAelIFwmkgrUbTI
10-20a nwgBIr rYcdak;[vaqHKaeFobnwg
GkSsIuemRTI. bnab;mkeKTTYl)anbgMbnk
sIuemRTI nigminsIuemRTI dUcbgajenAkg rUbTI
10-20b. enAeBlEdleKbUkbgMbnkTaMg
BIrenHbBalKa eKnwgTTYl)anbnkedIm. eK
GaceFVIkarviPaKrcnasm<ndac;edayELkeTA
elIbgMbnksIuemRTI nigbgMbnkminsIuemRTI
ehIyeKRtUveFVIplbUknlTpl TaMgenHedIm,ITTYl)anlkNeFVIkaredImrbs;rcnasm<n.
!0>!0> ExS\TiBlsRmab;FwmminkMNt;edaysaTic
(Influence lines for statically indeterminate beams)
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-360
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-361
NPIC
kmaMgkat;enARtg; E RbsinebIeKRtUvkarkMNt;
ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc E rbs;
FwmenA kgrUbTI 10-22a tameKalkarN_
muyey:eRbs eKRtUvkat;FwmRtg;cMNucenaH ehIy
sk sliding device enARtg;cMNucenaH rUbTI
10-22b. ]bkrN_enHnwgbBanm:Um:g;Bt; nig
kmaMgEkg b:uEnminbBankmaMgkat;eT. enAeBl
Fwm dabedaysarkmaMgkat;ktaviCmanEdlman
GMeBIenARtg;cMNuc E mMurgVilenAsgxag]bkrN_
mantmdUcKa
ehIyExSekagPaBdabCaExS
\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc E rUbTI
10-22c. edayGnuvtviFIeKalsRmab;sg;ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc E enaHeKcaM)ac;
GnuvtkmaMgktaenARtg;cMNucnImYy dUcCacMNuc D ehIykMNt;kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc E rUbTI
10-22a. tm VE CaGredaenrbs;ExS\TiBlenARtg;cMNuc D . edayeRbIviFIkmaMg nigRTwsIbMlas;TI
ersIuRbUkrbs;m:akSEvl dUckrNIelIkmun eyIgTTYl)an
1
VE =
f EE
f DE
emKuNmaRtdanenATIenHKW (1/ EE ) .
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
T.Chhay
-362
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
ragExSekag\TiBl
RbsinebIeKcg;kMNt;ExS\TiBlrbs;cMNucmYyenAelIFwm eKRtUvdklTPaBTb;Tl;rbs;FwmeTAnwgGnuKmn_
rbs;ExS\TiBl edayCMnYsmkvijnUvtMN. RbsinebI GnuKmn_CakmaMgRbtikmbBar eRbI vertical roller
guide, RbsinebIGnuKmn_CakmaMgkat; eRbI sliding device, RbsinebIGnuKmn_Cam:Um:g;Bt; eRbIsnak;. dak;
bnkktaenARtg;tMNeday[vamanGMeBIelIFwmkgTisedAviCman. sg;ExSekagPaBdabrbs;Fwm. ExS
ekagenHCarUbragrbs;ExS\TiBlsRmab;Fwm.
tmExSekag\TiBl
RbsinebIeKRtUvkarkMNt;tmCaelxrbs;ExS\TiBl eKRtUvKNnabMlas;TIncMNucbnbnab;tambeNay
Fwm enAeBlEdlFwmrgbnkktaEdlmanGMeBIenARtg;tMNEdl)aneBalBIxagelI. EcktmnbMlas;
TInImYyedaybMlas;TIEdl)ankMNt;enARtg;cMNucEdlbnkktamanGMeBI. edayGnuvtemKuNmaRtdan eKnwgTTYl)antmEdlCaGredaenrbs;ExS\TiBl.
T.Chhay
-363
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-364
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
D = M D' =
18
(2) 1 2 (2) 2 = 34.67
EI
EI
2 EI 3
C = M C' =
18
(4) 1 4 (4) 4 = 61.33
EI
EI
2 EI 3
72
EI
Ay
0.852
0.481
daRkamntmTaMgenHCaExS\TiBlEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 10-25g.
T.Chhay
-365
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-366
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
DL = M D' L =
4.5
(1) 30 (3) = 85.5
EI
EI
EI
DR = M D' R =
4.5
(1) 30 (3) + 144 = 58.5
EI
EI
EI
EI
A = M A' = 0
B = M B' = 0
BIrUbTI 10-26e
C = M C' = 0
E = M E' =
4.5
(1) 6 (3) = 13.5
EI
EI
EI
eKTTYl)anGredaenrbs;ExS\TiBledayEcktmxagelInwgemKuNmaRtdan
man
x
VD
A
DL
DR
B
E
C
0
0.594
0.406
0
0.0938
0
M D ' = 144 / EI
. eyIg
daRkamntmTaMgenHCaExS\TiBlEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 10-26i.
T.Chhay
-367
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
B = M B' = 0
C = M C' = 0
D = M D' =
E = M E' =
viPaKeRKOgbgMminGackMNt;edaysaTictamviFIkmaMg
1.5
(1) + 6 (3) = 19.5
EI
EI
EI
1.5
(1) 2 (3) = 4.5
EI
EI
EI
T.Chhay
-368
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
MD
A
D
B
E
C
0
1.219
0
0.281
0
daRkamntmTaMgenHCaExS\TiBlEdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 10-27g.
T.Chhay
-369
NPIC
cMeNaT
!0>!> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRm nigbnab; !0>%> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRm A nig B .
mk sg;daRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;Fwm. snt;faTRm EI Catmefr.
enA A CaTRmbgb; nigTRm B CaTRmkl;. EI Ca
tmefr.
!0>&> FwmRtUv)anRTedayTRmsnak;enARtg;cMNuc
!0>#> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRm A / B nig A RTedayrWusrEdlmankMraj (stiffness) k enA
Rtg; B nigRTedayTRmkl;enARtg;cMNu C .
C bnab;mksg;daRkamkmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;Bt;
kMNt; kmaMgrWusrGnuvteTAelIFwm. EI Catm
sRmab;Fwm. EI Catmefr.
efr.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-370
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay
-371
NPIC
!0>!&> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenARtg;TRmbgb;
nig B . EI mantmefr.
!0>!*> sg;daRkamm:Um:g;Bt;sRmab;FwmTRm
bgb;. EI mantmefr.
!0>!(> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmTRm.
efr.
!0>@0> kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmTRm.
efr.
cMeNaT
EI
EI
-372
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
enAkgrUb. snt;Ggt;RtUv)antPab;edaysnak;.
yk E = 200GPa .
HG
T.Chhay
-373
rbs;
NPIC
!0>#@> kMNt;kmaMgkgrbs;Ggt;
mantmefr.
BE
!0>##> kMNt;kmaMgkgrbs;Ggt; DF n
. EA mantmefr.
EA
!0>#$> eKBrcugFwmkugsuledayEdkr)ar AC
EdlmanGgt;pit 25mm . ehIyFwmenHmanTRm
bgb;enARtg;cMNuc B . kMNt;kmaMgkgrbs;Edk
r)arEdlbNalBIbnkrayesI 60kN / m . E =
200GPa sRmab;Fwm nigEdkr)ar.
!0>#%> eRKOgbgMRTbnkdUcbgajenAkgrUb.
cUrsg;daRkamm:Um:g;Bt;sRmab;FwmnImYy. yk
I = 100(10 6 )mm 4 sRmab;Fwm nig A = 200mm 2
nsRmab;Edkr)ar. Ggt;TaMgGs;eFVIGMBIEdkEdl
man E = 200GPa .
truss
T.Chhay
-374
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
mankgr)arEdkTaMgR)aM. eKminKitkMras;rbs;Fwm
nigsnt;faGgt; truss RtUv)antPab;eTAnwgFwm
edaytMNsnak;. ehIyminKit\TiBlkmaMgsgt;
tamGkS nigkmaMgkat;enAkgFwm. RkLapmux
kat;rbs;Edkr)arnImYyKW 1800mm 2 ehIy !0>$0> eKRTFwmkugsul AB CamYynwgEdkr)ar
bEnmcMnYnBIr.
kMNt;kmaMgenAkgEdkr)ar
sRmab;Fwm I = 235(106 )mm 4 . yk E =
nImYy. eKminKitkmaMgsgt;tamGkS nigkmaMg
200GPa .
kat;enAkgFwm. Fwm I b = 200(106 )mm4 ehIy
sRmab;Edkr)arnImYy A = 100mm 2 . yk
E = 200GPa .
!0>#&> eKeRbI king-post trussed beam edIm,I
RTbnkcMNuc 200kN EdlmanGMeBIenAkNal
ElVg. kMNt;kmaMgkgrbs;r)arEdkTaMgbI. Edk
r)arnImYymanRkLapmuxkat;1250mm 2 .
snt;faBYkvaRtUv)antPab;edaytMNsnak;. eK
minKitkMras;rbs;Fwm nig\TiBlkmaMgsgt; tam
GkSenAkgFwmeT. yk E = 200GPa sRmab;
Fwm nigEdkr)ar. ehIy I AB = 150(106 )mm 4 .
!0>$!> sg;ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enARtg;
cMNuc C . bgajCatmelxral; 5m . snt;
TRm B CaTRmkl;. EI mantmefr.
!0>$@> sg;ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgRbtikmenA
Rtg;cMNuc C . bgajCatmelxral; 5m .
EI man tmefr.
T.Chhay
-375
!0>$#> sg;ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enARtg;
cMNuc B . bgajCatmelxral; 5m . snt;
TRmenARtg; A CaTRmkl; nig C CaTRmbgb;.
EI man tmefr.
!0>$$> sg;ExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgRbtikmenA
Rtg;cMNuc A ncMeNaT !0>$#.
!0>$%> KUrRBagnUvExS\TiBlsRmab;m:Um:g;Bt;enA
Rtg;cMNuc D edayeRbIeKalkarN_muyey:eRb
s. kMNt;m:Um:g;viCmanGtibrmaenARtg;cMNuc D
Edl bNalBIbnkGefrrayesI 5kN / m . EI
mantmefr. snt; A CaTRmsnak; ehIy B
nig C CaTRmkl;.
!0>$^> KUrRBagnUvExS\TiBlsRmab;kmaMgkat;enA
Rtg;cMNuc B . RbsinebIFwmenHrgbnkGefrray
esI 6kN / m cUrkMNt;kmaMgkat;viCmanGtibrma
enARtg;cMNuc B . snt; A CaTRmsnak;. EI
mantmefr.
cMeNaT
NPIC
!0>$&> KUrRBagnUvExS\TiBlsRmab;m:Um:g;Bt;enA
Rtg;cMNuc B ncMeNaT !0>$^. RbsinebIFwmenH
rgbnkGefrray esI 6kN / m cUrkMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;
viCmanGtibrma enARtg;cMNuc B . snt; A Ca
TRmsnak;. EI man tmefr.
!0>$*> KUrRBagnUvExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) kmaMg
RbtikmbBarenARtg;cMNuc C (b) m:Um:g;Bt;enA
Rtg;cMNuc B nig (c) kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc E .
enAkgkrNInImYy cUrbgajTItaMgEdlRtUvdak;
bnkGefrrayesIEdleFVI[ekItmanGnuKmn_
viCmanGtibrma. snt;faFwmmanTRmbgb;enA
Rtg;cMNuc F .
!0>$(> eRbIeKalkarN_muyey:eRbsedIm,Isg;rag
TUeTAnExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;
cMNuc A nig (b) kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc B .
!0>%0> eRbIeKalkarN_muyey:eRbsedIm,Isg;rag
TUeTAnExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;
cMNuc A nig (b) kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc B .
T.Chhay
-376
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!0>%!> eRbIeKalkarN_muyey:eRbsedIm,Isg;rag
TUeTAnExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;
cMNuc A nig (b) kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc B .
!0>%$> eRbIeKalkarN_muyey:eRbsedIm,Isg;rag
TUeTAnExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;
cMNuc A nig (b) kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc B .
!0>%@> eRbIeKalkarN_muyey:eRbsedIm,Isg;rag
TUeTAnExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;
cMNuc A nig (b) kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc B .
!0>%#> eRbIeKalkarN_muyey:eRbsedIm,Isg;rag
TUeTAnExS\TiBlsRmab; (a) m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;
cMNuc A nig (b) kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc B .
Problems
T.Chhay
-377
NPIC
emeronenHnwgerobrab;y:agsegbnUveKalKMnitsRmab;viPaKeRKOgbgMedayeRbIviFIbMlas;TI.
eRkayeBlbgajBIeKalKMnit eyIgnwgbegItsmIkarTUeTAn slop deflection ehIybnab;mkeyIg
nigeRbIvaedIm,IviPaKFwm nigeRKagminkMNt;edaysaTic.
!!>!> viFIsaRsTUeTAkgkarviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI
(Displacement method of analysis: General procedures)
T.Chhay
-378
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-379
NPIC
T.Chhay
-380
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
+ M B' = 0
1 M AB L 1 M BA 2 L
2 EI L 3 2 EI L 3 = 0
1 M BA L 1 M AB 2 L
2 EI L 3 2 EI L 3 + A L = 0
M AB =
(11-1)
M BA
(11-2)
bMlas;TICamMuenARtg;cMNuc B/
tam
M BA =
(11-3)
M AB
(11-4)
T.Chhay
-381
NPIC
+ M B' = 0
1 M 2L 1 M L
2 EI L 3 2 EI L 3 = 0
6 EI
M AB = M BA = M = 2
L
(11-5)
tamkarkMNt;sBaa m:Um:g;enHGviCmanedaysarvaeFVIGMeBIRcasRTnicnaLikaedIm,I[Ggt;manlMnwg.
1 PL 1 M
2 4 EI L 2 2 EI L = 0
daRkamm:Um:g;EdlbgajenAlFwmnimitRtUv)ankMNt;edayviFItMrYtplsRmab;FwmTImrsamBa dUckarBnl;enAkgkfaxN45.
*
T.Chhay
-382
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
M =
PL
8
m:Um:g;enHRtUv)aneKehAfam:Um:g;bgb;cug (FEM). cMNaMfa GaRsynwgkarkMNt;sBaa vamantmGviCmanenARtg; node A RcasRTnicnaLika ehIyvamantmviCmanenARtg; node B RsbRTnic
naLika. edIm,IgayRsYlkgkaredaHRsaycMeNaT eKRtUvKNnam:Um:g;bgb;cugsRmab;kardak;bnkdT
eTot ehIyvaRtUv)anerobcMCatarag. edayeFVIplbUk FEM Edl)anKNnasRmab;cMeNaTCak;lak;
rUb TI 11-7 eyIg)an
M AB = (FEM ) AB
M BA = (FEM )BA
(11-6)
I
= 2 E 2 B + A 3 + (FEM )BA
L
L
(11-7)
edaysarsmIkarTaMgBIrenHRsedogKa eKGacsresrsmIkareTalEdlGacbgajsmIkarTaMgBIr
enH)an. edayykcugmagrbs;ElVgCacugCit (near edd N) ehIycugmageTotCacugqay (far end F)
ehIyedayykkRmajrbs;Ggt;Ca k = I / L ehIymMurbs;Ggt;Ca = / L eyIgGacsresr
M N = 2 EK (2 N + F 3 ) + (FEM )N
sRmab;ElVgxagkg bElVgxagEdlmancugqayCacugbgb;
Displacement method of analysis: Slope-deflection equations
(11-8)
T.Chhay
-383
NPIC
T.Chhay
-384
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
Edl
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
M N = 2 Ek (2 N + F 3 ) + (FEM )N
0 = 2 Ek (2 F + N 3 ) + 0
(11-9)
sRmab;Etcugqayrbs;ElVgRtUv)anRTedayTRmsnak; bTRmkl;
(11-10)
T.Chhay
-385
NPIC
edIm,IsegbkarGnuvtsmIkar slope-deflection, cUrBicarNaFwmCab;EdlbgajenAkgrUbTI 119 Edlman degree of freedom cMnYnbYn. enATIenH eKGacGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 cMnYnBIrdgeTAelIElVg
nImYy eBalKWBI A eTA B / BI B eTA A / BI B eTA C / BI C eTA B / BI C eTA D / nigBI D eTA C . smIkarTaMg
enHnwgBak;BnnwgmMurgVil A / B / C nig D EdlCaGBaat. b:uEn edaysarm:Um:g;cugenARtg; A nig D
sUn enaHeKmincaM)ac;kMNt; A nig D eT. eKnwgTTYl)ankaredaHRsayxICagRbsinebIeKGnuvt
smIkar 11-10 BI B eTA A nigBI C eTA D ehIybnab;mkGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 BI B eTA C nig BI C eTA
B . smIkarTaMgbYnenHnwgBak;BnEtnwgmMurgVil B nig C EdlCaGBaatEtb:ueNaH.
T.Chhay
-386
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
smIkar Slope-Deflection
smIkar slope-deflection Pab;TMnak;TMngrvagm:Um:g;EdlCaGBaatEdlGnuvtenARtg; node CamYynwg
bMlas;TIrbs; nodes sRmab;ElVgTaMgGs;rbs;eRKOgbgM. RbsinebIeKmanbnkenAelIElVg eKRtUv
KNna FEM edayeRbItaragm:Um:g;cugEdl[enAkgkfaxN 11.2. ehIyRbsinebI node manbMlas;TI
lIenEGr eKRtUvKNna = / L sRmab;ElVgEk,r. GnuvtsmIkar 11-8 eTAelIcugrbs;ElVgnImYy
edayeRbIsmIkar slope-deflection BIrdgsRmab;ElVgnImYy. b:uEn RbsinebIcugElVgnFwm beRKag
Cab; CaTRmsnak; GnuvtsmIkar 11-10 EteTAelIcugEdlTb; ehIyeRbIsmIkar slope-deflection
Etmg b:ueNaHsRmab;ElVg.
smIkarlMnwg
sresrsmIkarlMnwgsRmab; degree of freedom EdlCaGBaatnImYy. eKRtUvsresrsmIkarTaMgenH
edayeRbIm:Um:g;Bt;EdlCaGBaatdUcEdlkMNt;enAkgsmIkar slope-deflection. sRmab;Fwm nigeRKag
sresrsmIkarlMnwgnm:Um:g;enARtg;TRmnImYy nigsRmab;eRKagsresrsmIkarlMnwgnm:Um:g;Bt;Rtg;
tMN. RbsinebIeRKageyal bmanPaBdabtamTisedk eKRtUvPab;TMnak;TMngrvagkmaMgkat;enAkgssr
eTAnwgm:Um:g;enAxagcugrbs;ssr nwgmanerobrab;enAkgkfaxN 11-5.
CMnYssmIkar slope-deflection eTAkgsmIkarlMnwg ehIyedaHRsayrkbMlas;TIrbs;tMNEdl
CaGBaat. bnab;mkeKRtUvCMnYslTplTaMgenHeTAkgsmIkar slope-deflection edIm,IkMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;
enAxagcugrbs;Ggt;nImYy. RbsinebIlTplmantmGviCman mannyfavavilRcasRTnicnaLika
cMENkm:Um:g; nigbMlas;TIviCmanvilRsbRTnicnaLika.
10a. EI Camantmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
enAkg]TahrN_enHeKRtUvBicarNaElVgBIr. edaysarKanElVgNamYymanTRmsnak; bTRmkl; dUcenH
eKRtUvGnuvtsmIkar 11-8. edayeRbIrUbmnsRmab; FEM EdlerobcMenAkgtaragsRmab;bnk RtIekaN
T.Chhay
-387
NPIC
(FEM )BC = wL
30
2
(FEM )CB = wL
20
6(6 )2
= 7.2kN .m
30
6(6 )2
= 10.8kN .m
20
(1)
(2)
T.Chhay
-388
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
2 EI
I
B 7.2
M BC = 2 E [2 B + 0 3(0 )] 7.2 =
3
6
EI
I
B + 10.8
M CB = 2 E [2(0) + B 3(0 )] + 10.8 =
3
6
(3)
(4)
smIkarlMnwg
smIkarTaMgbYnxagelImanGBaatcMnYnR)aM. smIkarEdlcaM)ac;TIR)aM)anBIlkxNlMnwgrbs;m:Um:g;enARtg;
TRm B . daRkamGgesrIrbs;kMNat;Ggt;enARtg;cMNuc B RtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 11-10c. enATI
enH M BA nig M BC RtUv)ansnt;[eFVIGMeBIkgTisedAviCmanedIm,I[RsbeTAnwgsmIkar slopedeflection . dUcenH
*
+ MB = 0
M BA + M BC = 0
(5)
6.17
EI
M BC = 3.09kN .m
M CB = 12.86kN .m
11a. EI Camantmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
enAkg]TahrN_enHeKRtUvBicarNaElVgBIr. eKGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 eTAelIElVg AB . eyIgGaceRbI
*
RsbRTnicnaLikaenAelIFwm b:uEnRcasRTnicnaLikaenAelITMr.
T.Chhay
-389
NPIC
(FEM ) AB = wL
FEM
EdlerobcM
1
(40)(6)2 = 120kN .m
12
12
2
(FEM )BA = wL = 1 (40)(6)2 = 120kN .m
12 12
(FEM )BC = 3PL = 3(60)(2) = 22.5kN .m
16
16
(1)
(2)
T.Chhay
-390
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(3)
M BA + M BC = 0
(4)
45
EI
M BC = 90kN .m
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
enAkgcMeNaTenH eyIgBicarNaEtElVg AB mYyb:ueNaH edaysarm:Um:g; M AB EdlbNalBIFwmly
EdlGacKNnaBIsaTic. edaysarminmanbnkenAelIElVg AB enaH FEM esIsUn. dUcbgajenAkg
rUbTI 11-12b bMlas;TIcuHeRkamrbs;cMNuc B eFVI[ElVg AB vilRsbRTnicnaLika. dUcenH
T.Chhay
-391
AB = BA =
NPIC
0.08m
= 0.02rad
4
kRmajrbs; AB KW
I 5(10 6 )mm 4 (10 12 )m 4 / mm 4
= 1.25(10 6 )m 3
k= =
4m
( ( ) )[ ( ) ]
= 2(200(10 )N / m )[1.25(10 )m ][2
+ 0 3(0.02 )] + 0
(1)
(2)
smIkarlMnwg
daRkamGgesrIrbs;FwmenARtg;TRm B RtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 11-12c. eyIg)an
+ MB = 0
M BA 8000 N (3m ) = 0
T.Chhay
-392
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
enAkgcMeNaTenH eKmanElVgcMnYnbIEdlRtUvBicarNa. eKeRbIsmIkar 11-8 edaysarTRm A nig D
CaTRm bgb;. ehIymanEtElVg AB b:ueNaHEdlman FEM .
2
(FEM ) AB = wL
(FEM )BA
1
(20)(7.2)2 = 86.4kN .m
12 12
wL2 1
=
= (20)(7.2)2 = 86.4kN .m
12 12
=
0.03m
= 0.005rad
6m
CD =
edaybgajxatrbs;kRmajCaEm:Rt eyIg)an
600(10 6 )(10 12 )
= 83.33(10 6 )m3
k AB =
7.2
600(10 6 )(10 12 )
= 100(10 6 )m 3
k BC =
6
( )(
0.03m
= 0.00667rad
4m
( )
cMNaMfa = = 0 edaysar A nig D CaTRmbgb; ehIyedayGnuvtsmIkar slope-deflection
smIkar 11-8 BIrdgenAelIElVgnImYy eyIg)an
sRmab;ElVg AB
M = 2[200(10 )[83.33(10 )]2(0 ) + 3(0 )] 86.4
k CD =
A
600 10 10 12
= 133.33 10 6 m 3
4.5
6
AB
M AB = 33333.3 B 86.4
[ ( )[
( )]
(1)
(2)
T.Chhay
-393
sRmab;ElVg BC
NPIC
[ ( )[ ( )]
[ ( )[ ( )]
(3)
sRmab;ElVg CD
[ ( )[ ( )]
(4)
(5)
(6)
[ ( )[
( )]
smIkarlMnwg
smIkarTaMgR)aMmYymanGBaatR)aMbI. edaysresrsmIkarlMnwgrbs;m:Um:g;sRmab;TRmenARtg;cMNuc B
nig cMNuc C rUbTI 11-13c eyIg)an
+ MB = 0
+ MC = 0
M BA + M BC = 0
M CB + M CD = 0
(7)
(8)
edIm,IedaHRsay CMnYssmIkar (2) nig (3) eTAkgsmIkar (7) ehIyCMnYssmIkar (4) nig (5) eTAkg
smIkar (8) enaHeyIg)an
C + 3.667 B = 0.01284
C 0.214 B = 0.00250
B = 0.00444rad
C = 0.00345rad
dUcenH
tmviCmansRmab; C bgajkarvilRcasRTnicnaLikarbs;bnat;b:HenARtg;cMNuc C rUbTI 1113a. edayCMnYstmTaMgenHeTAkgsmIkar (1)-(6) eyIg)an
M AB = 61.6kN .m
M BA = 383kN .m
M BC = 383kN .m
M CB = 698kN .m
M CD = 698kN .m
M DC = 883kN .m
T.Chhay
-394
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
mantmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
enAkgcMeNaTenH eKmanGgt;cMnYnbIEdlRtUvBicarNaKW AB / BC nig CD . edayeRKagenHmanTRm
bgb; enARtg;cMNuc A nig D eyIgnwgGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 sRmab;karedaHRsayenH.
Displacement method of analysis: Slope-deflection equations
T.Chhay
-395
NPIC
5wL2
5(24 )(8)2
=
= 80kN .m
96
96
2
5(24 )(8)2
= 80kN .m
96
(1)
(3)
(3)
(4)
I
M CD = 2 E [2 C + 0 3(0 )] + 0
12
T.Chhay
-396
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
M CD = 0.333EI C
(5)
I
M DC = 2 E [2(0 ) + C 3(0 )] + 0
12
M DC = 0.1667 EI C
(6)
smIkarlMnwg
smIkarTaMgR)aMmYymanGBaatR)aMbI. smIkarlMnwgBIreTot)anBIsmIkarlMnwgrbs;m:Um:g;sRmab;TRmenA
Rtg;cMNuc B nig cMNuc C rUbTI 11-16c. eyIg)an
M BA + M BC = 0
M CB + M CD = 0
(7)
(8)
edayedaHRsayRbBnsmIkarenHeyIg)an
B = C =
137.1
EI
M BC = 45.7kN .m
M BC = 45.7 kN .m
M CD = 45.7 kN .m
M DC = 22.9kN .m
m:Um:g;niclPaBsRmab;Ggt;nImYyRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUb. yk E = 200GPa .
T.Chhay
-397
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
enAkgcMeNaTenH eKmanGgt;cMnYnbYnEdlRtUvBicarNa. eyIgnwgGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 cMeBaHGgt; AB
nig BC ehIyGnuvtsmIkar 11-10 cMeBaHGgt; CD nig CE BIeRBaH D nig E CaTRmsnak;.
edaykMNt;kRmajrbs;Ggt; eyIg)an
160(10 6 )(10 12 )
80(10 6 )(10 12 )
k AB =
= 35.56(10 6 )m 3
kCD =
= 17.78(10 6 )m 3
4.8
4.5
320(10 6 )(10 12 )
260(10 6 )(10 12 )
k BC =
= 66.67(10 6 )m 3
kCE =
= 72.23(10 6 )m 3
4.8
FEM
3.6
EdlbNalBIbnkKW
(FEM )BC
(FEM )CB
(FEM )CE
PL
30(4.8)
=
= 18kN .m
8
8
PL 30(4.8)
=
=
= 18kN .m
8
8
=
wL2
50(3.6 )2
=
= 81kN .m
8
8
[ ( )]
( )
[ ( )]
(1)
( )
[ ( )]
(2)
( )
T.Chhay
-398
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
M BC = 53333.3 B + 26666.7 C 18
[ ( )]
(3)
( )
(4)
M N = 3Ek ( N ) + (FEM )N
[ ( )]
( )
M CD = 3 200 10 6 (17.78) 10 6 [ C 0] + 0
M CD = 10666.7 C
[ ( )]
(5)
( )
M CE = 3 200 10 6 (72.22 ) 10 6 [ C 0] + 81
M CE = 43333.3 C 81
(6)
smIkarlMnwg
smIkarTaMgR)aMmYymanGBaatR)aMbI. eKGacsresrsmIkarlMnwgrbs;m:Um:g;cMnYnBIrsRmab;TRmenARtg;
cMNuc B nigcMNuc C rUbTI 11-17c. eyIg)an
M BA + M BC = 0
M CB + M CD + M CE = 0
(7)
(8)
edaHRsayRbBnsmIkarenHeyIg)an
B = 3.124(10 5 )rad
C = 5.792(10 4 )rad
edaysartmTaMgenHviCman dUcenHvaeFVI[eRKagxUcRTg;RTaydUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 11-17a. eday
CMnYstmTaMgenHeTAkgsmIkar (1)-(6) nigedaHRsay eyIg)an
M AB = 0.444kN .m
M BA = 0.888kN .m
M BC = 0.888kN .m
M CB = 49.7 kN .m
M CD = 6.48kN .m
M CE = 55.9kN .m
T.Chhay
-399
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
edaysarTRm A nig D CaTRmbgb; eKGacGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 sRmab;Ggt;TaMgbIrbs;eRKag. enATI
enH eRKagmanPaBeyal edaysarkardak;bnk nigragFrNImaRtrbs;eRKagmanlkNminsIuemRTI.
enATIenH eKdak;bnkedaypal;eTAelItMN B dUcenHminman FEM eFVIGMeBIeTAelItMNeT. dUcbgajenA
kgrUb TI 11-19a eKsnt;[tMN B nigtMN C pas;TIedaybrimaN esIKa. Cavi)ak AB = / 4
ehIy DC = / 6 . tYTaMgBIrenHviCman edaysarGgt; AB nig CD vilRsbTisRTnicnaLika.
*
T.Chhay
-400
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
I
6
M BA = 2 E 2 B + 0 3 DC + 0 = EI (1.0 C 2.25 DC )
4
4
I
M BC = 2 E [2 B + C 3(0 )] + 0 = EI (0.8 B + 0.4 C )
5
I
M CB = 2 E [2 C + B 3(0 )] + 0 = EI (0.8 B + 0.4 C )
5
I
M CD = 2 E [2 C + 0 3 DC ] + 0 = EI (0.667 C 1.0 DC )
6
I
M DC = 2 E [2(0 ) + C 3 DC ] + 0 = EI (0.333 C 1.0 DC )
6
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
smIkarlMnwg
smIkarTaMgR)aMmYymanGBaatR)aMbYn. eKGacsresrsmIkarlMnwgrbs;m:Um:g;cMnYnBIrsRmab;TRmenARtg;
cMNuc B nigcMNuc C rUbTI 11-17c. eyIg)an
M BA + M BC = 0
M CB + M CD = 0
(7)
(8)
edaysarvaekItmanbMlas;TItamTisedk / eyIgnwgBicarNarplbUkkmaMgenAelIeRKagTaMgmUltam
Tis x dUcenHeyIgTTYl)an
Displacement method of analysis: Slope-deflection equations
T.Chhay
-401
NPIC
Fx = 0
200 V A VD = 0
MC = 0
M AB + M BA
4
M DC + M CD
VD =
6
M AB + M BA M DC + M CD
200 +
+
=0
4
6
VA =
dUcenH
(9)
edIm,IedaHRsay CMnYssmIkar (2) nig(3) eTAkgsmIkar (7) ehIyCMnYssmIkar (4) nig(5) eTAkg
smIkar (8) ehIyCMnYssmIkar (1), (2), (5) nig (6) eTAkgsmIkar (9) enaHeyIgTTYl)an
1.8 + 0.4 C 2.25 DC = 0
0.4 B + 1.467 C DC = 0
1.5 B + 0.667 C 5.833 DC =
800
EI
edaHRsayRbBnsmIkarxagelI eyIgTTYl)an
EI B = 243.78
EI C = 75.66
EI DC = 208.48
M BC = 225kN .m
M CB = 158kN .m
M CD = 158kN .m
M DC = 183kN .m
T.Chhay
-402
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
eKGacGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 eTAelIGgt; AB edaysarvaRtUv)antPab;edaytMNbgb;enAcugTaMgsgag.
eKGacGnuvtsmIkar11-10 BI B eTA C nigBI D eTA C edaysarsnak;enARtg;cMNuc C RTm:Um:g;sUn. dUc
bgajedaydaRkamPaBdab rUbTI 11-20b eKmanbM;las;TIlIenEGr nigbMlas;TImMu B enARtg;
cMNuc B EdlCaGBaat*. edaysar Ggt; AB nig CD vilRsbRTnicnaLika = AB = DC =
/ 4 . edaydwgfa A = D = 0 nigvaminman FEM sRmab;Ggt; enaHeyIg)an
I
M N = 2 E (2 N + F 3 ) + (FEM )N
L
*
CD
T.Chhay
-403
NPIC
I
M AB = 2 E [2(0 ) + B 3 ] + 0
4
I
M BA = 2 E (2 B + 0 3 ) + 0
4
I
M N = 3E ( N ) + (FEM )N
L
I
M BC = 3E ( B 0 ) + 0
3
I
M DC = 3E (0 ) + 0
4
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
smIkarlMnwg
smIkarlMnwgrbs;m:Um:g;enARtg;tMN B rUbTI 11-20c. eyIg)an
M BA + M BC = 0
(5)
RbsinebIeKbUkkmaMgsRmab;eRKagTaMgmUltamTisedAedk eyIg)an
+
Fx = 0
10 V A VD = 0
(6)
MC = 0
dUcenHBIsmIkar (6)
M AB + M BA
4
M DC
VD =
4
VA =
10 +
M AB + M BA M DC
+
=0
4
4
(7)
B =
dUcenH
edayCMnYstmTaMgenHeTAkgsmIkar (1)-(4) eyIg)an
M AB = 17.1kN .m
M BA = 11.4kN .m
M BC = 11.4kN .m
M DC = 11.4kN .m
T.Chhay
-404
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
edaysarTRmenARtg; A nig F CaTRmbgb; eKGacGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 sRmab;Ggt;TaMgR)aMmYyrbs;
eRKag. eKminKNna FEM eT edaysarbnkTaMgGs;manGMeBIenARtg;tMN. enATIenH bnkeFVI[tMN B
nig tMN E pas;TIedaybrimaN 1 ehIyeFVI[tMN C nigtMN D pas;TIedaybrimaN 1 + 2 . Ca
lTpl Ggt; AB nigGgt; FE rgkarviledaybrimaN 1 = 1 / 5 ehIy BC nig DE rgkarvileday
brimaN 2 = 2 / 5 .
edayGnuvtsmikar 11-8 eTAelIeRKageyIg)an
I
M AB = 2 E [2(0 ) + B 3 1 ] + 0
5
I
M BA = 2 E [2 B + 0 3 1 ] + 0
5
I
M BC = 2 E [2 B + C 3 2 ] + 0
5
I
M CB = 2 E [2 C + B 3 2 ] + 0
5
Displacement method of analysis: Slope-deflection equations
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
T.Chhay
-405
NPIC
I
M CD = 2 E [2 C + D 3(0 )] + 0
7
I
M DC = 2 E [2 D + C 3(0 )] + 0
7
I
M BE = 2 E [2 B + E 3(0 )] + 0
7
I
M EB = 2 E [2 E + B 3(0 )] + 0
7
I
M ED = 2 E [2 E + D 3 2 ] + 0
5
I
M DE = 2 E [2 D + E 3 2 ] + 0
5
I
M FE = 2 E [2(0 ) + E 3 1 ] + 0
5
I
M EF = 2 E [2 E + 0 3 1 ] + 0
5
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
dUcenAkg]TahrN_elIkmun kmaMgkat;enARtg;Kl;rbs;ssrsRmab;RKb;Can;RtUvEteFVI[bnktamTis
edkmantulPaB rUbTI 11-21c. eyIg)an
+
Fx = 0
Fx = 0
40 VBC VED = 0
M + M CB M ED + M DE
40 + BC
+
=0
5
5
40 + 80 V AB VFE = 0
M + M BA M EF + M FE
120 + AB
+
=0
5
5
(17)
(18)
T.Chhay
-406
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
smIkar slope-deflection
eKGacGnuvtsmIkar 11-8 eTAelIGgt;TaMgbI. FEM KW
2
(FEM )BC = wL
12
2
(FEM )CB = wL
12
30(3.6 )2
= 32.4kN .m
12
30(3.6 )2
= 32.4kN .m
12
1 =
1
3
2 =
1
3.6
3 =
3
6
T.Chhay
-407
NPIC
3 = 0.433 1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
smIkarTaMgR)aMmYymanGBaatR)aMbYn.
smIkarlMnwg
smIkarlMnwgrbs;m:Um:g;enARtg;tMN B nig C . eyIg)an
M BA + M BC = 0
(7)
(8)
M CD + M CB = 0
edayCMnYssmIkar (2) nig (3) eTAkgsmIkar (7) smIkar (4) nigsmIkar (5) eTAkgsmIkar (8) nig
smIkar (1), (2), (5) nig (6) eTAkgsmIkar (9) eyIg)an
9.72
EI
9.72
0.167 B + 0.533 C + 0.0784 1 =
EI
58.32
1.840 B 0.512 C + 3.880 1 =
EI
edaHRsayRbBnsmIkarTaMgenH eyIg)an
EI B = 35.51
EI C = 33.33
EI 1 = 27.47
T.Chhay
-408
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
M BC = 7.60kN .m
M CD = 34.2kN .m
M BA = 7.60kN .m
M CB = 34.2kN .m
M DC = 23.0kN .m
T.Chhay
-409
NPIC
cMeNaT
!!>!> kMNt;m:Um:g;enARtg;TRm A nig C bnab;mk
sg;daRkamm:Um:g;. snt;fatMN B CatMNkl;.
EI mantmefr.
cMeNaT
-410
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay
-411
NPIC
!!>!^> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;cugnGgt;rbs;
eRKag. TRmenARtg; A nig C TRmbgb; ehIy B
CatMNbgb;. EI mantmefr.
cMeNaT
!!>!(> eRKagenHeFVIBIbMBg;TIbEdlmantMNbgb;.
RbsinebIvaRTbnkdUcbgaj cUrkMNt;m:Um:g;Edl
ekItmanenARtg;tMN nigTRmnImYy. EI man
tmefr.
T.Chhay
-412
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!!>@#> pxagrbs;eRKagrgbnkGIuRdUsaTicdUc
bgaj. kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;tMN nigTRm
nImYy. EI mantmefr.
Problems
T.Chhay
-413
NPIC
sg;daRkamkmaMgkat; nigdaRkamm:Um:g;Bt;
sRmab;rt. snt;fassrmanlkNrwg.
!!>@&> kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;enARtg;tMNnImYyrbs;
eRKag nigenARtg;TRm A nig D EdlCaTRmbgb;.
EI mantmefr.
T.Chhay
-414
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
viFIEbgEckm:Um:g;CakarviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TIEdlgayRsYlkgkarGnuvtenAeBlEdleKkMNt;
efreGLasic (elastic constant). CMBUkenHnwgbgajCadMbUgnUvniymny nigeKalKMnitsMxan; sRmab;
viFIEbgEckm:Um:g; ehIybnab;mkGnuvtviFIenHedIm,IedaHRsaycMeNaTEdlBak;BnnwgFwm nig eRKagmin
kMNt;edaysaTic. karGnuvtcMeBaHeRKageRcInCab;RtUv)anbgajenAkgCMBUkcugeRkay.
T.Chhay
-415
NPIC
4 EI
L
(12-1)
cugbgb;qay
RtUv)aneK[eQaHfaemKuNkRmajenARtg; A . emKuNkRmajCabrimaNnm:Um:g; M EdlcaM)ac;edIm,I
eFVI[cug A rbs;Fwmvil)an A = 1rad .
T.Chhay
-416
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Mi
K i
=
M Ki
edaysRmYltY eyIgeXIjfaemKuNEbgEcksRmab;Ggt;esInwgplEcknemKuNkRmajrbs;Ggt;elI
emKuNkRmajsrubsRmab;tMN EdlCaTUeTAeKsresr
DF =
K
K
(12-2)
M AC = 0.5(2000 ) = 1000 N .m
M AD = 0.1(2000 ) = 200 N .m
T.Chhay
-417
NPIC
I
L
(12-3)
cugbgb;qay
ehIyeRbIvasRmab;KNnaemKuNEbgEck.
emKuNdMENl (carry-over factor) BicarNaFwmenAkgrUbTI 12-3 mgeTot. enAkgemeronTI 11
eyIgeXIjfa M AB = (4EI / L) A smIkar 11-1 ehIy M BA = (2EI / L ) A smIkar 11-2.
edayedaHRsayrk A ehIydak;[smIkarTaMgenHesIKaeyIg)an M BA = M AB / 2 . eyIgGac niyay
fam:Um:g; M enARtg;TRmsnak;eFVI[manm:Um:g; M ' = M / 2 enARtg;CBaaMg. emKuNdMENlCacMENkn
M EdlRtUv)aneprBIsnak;eTACBaaMg. dUcenH enAkgkrNIrbs;FwmEdlmancugqayCaTRmbgb;
emKuNdMENlKW + 1 / 2 . sBaabUkmannyfam:Um:g;TaMgBIreFVIkarkgTisedAdUcKa.
DFBA =
DFBC
T.Chhay
-418
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
DFAB =
DFCB
wL2
6000(4 )2
=
=
= 8000 N .m
12
12
2
(FEM )CB = wL
12
6000(4 )2
= 8000 N .m
12
T.Chhay
-419
NPIC
4 E (60)
=1
4 E (60)
T.Chhay
-420
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
RbesIrCagkarGnuvtdMeNIrkarEbgEckm:Um:g;bnbnab;KaeTAelItMNnImYy dUcbgajxagelI
eKkmanlTPaBkgkarGnuvteTAelItMNTaMgGs;kgeBldMNalKapgEdr. karGnuvtenHRtUv)anbgaj
enAkgtaragnrUbTI 12-6c. enAkgkrNIenH eyIgcab;epImedayTb;tMNTaMgGs; ehIybnab;mkEbg
Eckm:Um:g;bgb;cugTaMgenARtg;tMN B nigtMN C nigeFVI[m:Um:g;enAtMNmantulPaB CYredkTI3.
Displacement method of analysis: Moment distribution
T.Chhay
-421
NPIC
T.Chhay
-422
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNIrkarEbgEckm:Um:g; snt;fatMNTaMgGs;EdleyIgRtUvkarkMNt;m:Um:g;enAkgElVgEdltPab;RtUv
)anTb;. bnab;mk
!> kMNt;m:Um:g;EdleFVI[tMNnImYymanlMnwg.
@> RsaytMN ehIyEbgEckm:Um:g;GtulPaBeTA[ElVgEdltPab;nwgtMNnImYy.
#> eprm:Um:g;enAkgElVgnImYyeTAkan;cugnImYyrbs;vaedayKuNm:Um:g;TaMgenaHedayemKuN
dMENl (carry-over moment) + 1/ 2 .
edaykarTb; nigkarRsaytMNsarcuHsareLIg eyIgeXIjfakarEktRmUvm:Um:g;RtUv)ankat;bny
edaysarFwmGacQaneTArkrUbragdabcugeRkay. enAeBlEdleyIgTTYl)antmsRmab;karEktRmUv
tUclm eKRtUvbBab;dMeNIrkarsarcuHsareLIgRtg;kareprm:Um:g;cugeRkayeK. eKRtUvbUkbBalKanUvtm
FEM / m:Um:g;Edl)anBIkarEbgEck nigm:Um:g;Edl)anBIkareprtamCYrQrnImYy. RbsinebIeyIgeFVIEbb
enH)anRtwmRtUv eyIgnwgTTYl)ansanPaBlMnwgnm:Um:g;Rtg;tMNnImYy.
cMnYnefr.
T.Chhay
-423
NPIC
dUcenH
4 EI
12
DFAB = DFDC = 0
DFCB =
m:Um:g;bgb;cugKW
K BC =
4 EI / 12
= 0.5
4 EI / 12 + 4 EI / 8
4 EI / 8
=
= 0.6
4 EI / 12 + 4 EI / 8
DFCD
20(12 )2
= 240kN .m
12
12
PL
250(8)
=
=
= 250kN .m
8
8
PL 250(8)
=
=
= 250kN .m
8
8
2
(FEM )DC
4 EI
8
20(12 )2
wL2
=
= 240kN .m
12
12
(FEM )CB = wL
(FEM )CD
K CD =
DFBA = DFBC =
4 EI / 12
= 0.4
4 EI / 12 + 4 EI / 8
(FEM )BC
4 EI
12
niclPaBnElVgnImYyRtUv)an.
dMeNaHRsay enAkgcMeNaTenH m:Um:g;minRtUv)anEbgEckenAkgElVgly AB eT dUcenHemKuNEbg
Eck (DF )BA = 0 . kRmajrbs;ElVg BC KWEpkelI 4EI / L edaysarTRmsnak;minEmnsitenAcugqay
rbs;Fwm. emKuNkRmaj emKuNEbgEck nigm:Um:g;bgb;cugRtUv)anKNnadUcxageRkam
4 E (300 )(10 6 )
4 E (240 )(10 6 )
K BC =
= 300(10 6 )E
K CD =
= 320(10 6 )E
4
3
*
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
T.Chhay
-424
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
edaysarFwmenHCaFwmly
12
2
(FEM )CB = wL
12
12
1500(4 )2
= 2000 N .m
12
T.Chhay
-425
NPIC
Ggt;EdlmanTRmsnak;enAcugqay
FwmminkMNt;xHmanElVgxageRkAeKbMputRTedayTRmsnak;dUcenA kgkrNIntMN B enAkgrUbTI 1210a. enATIenH m:Um:g; M bgVilcug A )an . edIm,IkMNt; eKRtUv kMNt;kmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc A' n
Fwmnimit rUbTI 12-10b. eyIgman
+ M B' = 0
1M 2
V A ' ( L ) L L = 0
2 EI 3
ML
V A' = =
3EI
3EI
M =
b
dUcenH emKuNkRmajsRmab;FwmenHKW
K=
3EI
L
(12-4)
cugqayCaTRmsnak; bTRmkl;
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
T.Chhay
-426
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
M L
V B ' ( L ) + L = 0
EI 2
ML
VB ' = =
2 EI
2 EI
M =
b
dUcenH emKuNkRmajsRmab;ElVgkNalKW
K=
2 EI
L
(12-5)
FwmsIuemRTI nigrgbnksIuemRTI
dUcenH
eKGacEbgEckm:Um:g;sRmab;EtBak;kNalFwmRbsinebIeKKNnaemKuNkRmajsRmab;ElVgkNal
Displacement method of analysis: Moment distribution
T.Chhay
-427
NPIC
1 M L 5L 1 M L L
= 0
2 EI 2 6 2 EI 2 6
ML
VB ' = =
6 EI
6 EI
M =
L
VB ' (L ) +
b
dUcenH emKuNkRmajsRmab;ElVgkNalesInwg
K=
6 EI
L
(12-6)
FwmsIuemRTI nigrgbnkGsIuemRTI
dUcenH enAeBleKKNnaemKuNkRmajsRmab;ElVgkNaledayeRbIsmIkar 12-6 eKRtUvkarEbgEck
m:Um:g;enAkgEtBak;kNalFwmb:ueNaH. tamkareRbobeFob emKuNkRmajkNalElVgesInwgemKuN
kRmajEdleRbI K = 4EI / L mYydgknH.
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
T.Chhay
-428
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
CacMnYn efr.
edIm,IKNnaemKuNkRmajrbs;ElVgkNal BC ehIyeyIgnwgviPaKEtkMNat;Bak;kNalxageqVgrbs;
FwmEtb:ueNaH. eKGackat;bnykarviPaK[kat;EtxIEfmeTotedayeRbI K = 3EI / L sRmab;karKNna
emKuNkRmajsRmab;kMNat;Ggt; AB edaysarcugqay A CaTRmsnak;. elIsBIenH eKGacrMlgkar
EbgEckm:Um:g;enARtg;cMNuc A edayeRbIm:Um:g;bgb;cugsRmab;bnkragRtIekaNmanGMeBIelIElVgEdlman
TRmmagCaTRmsnak; nigTRmmageTotCaTMgbgb;. dUcenH
3EI
K AB =
edayeRbIsmIkar 12-4
3
2EI
K BC =
edayeRbIsmIkar 12-5
4
3EI / 3
=1
3EI / 3
3EI / 3
= 0.667
DFBA =
3EI / 3 + 2 EI / 4
2 EI / 4
DFBC =
= 0.333
3EI / 3 + 2 EI / 4
DFAB =
(FEM )BA = wL
15
=
2
(FEM )BC = wL
12
100(3)2
= 60kN .m
15
100(4)2
= 133.3kN .m
12
T.Chhay
-429
NPIC
niclPaBrbs;ElVgTaMgBIrRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUb.
dUcenH
( )
( )
4 EI 4 E (120) 10 6
=
= 160 10 6 E
3
L
3EI 3E (240) 106
=
= 180 106 E
K BC =
4
L
160 E
DFAB =
=0
+ 160 E
K AB =
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
( )
( )
T.Chhay
-430
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
160 E
= 0.4706
160 E + 180 E
180 E
=
= 0.5294
160 E + 180 E
180 E
=
=1
180 E
DFBA =
DFBC
DFCB
eKGacsRmYlviFIEbgEckm:Um:g;sRmab;cMeNaTenHedayRtUvdwgfaeKGaceRbIm:Um:g;bgb;cugeTalsRmab;
ElVg BC . edayeRbICYrxagsaMntaragnemeronTI11 sRmab;ElVgEdlrgbnkrayesImanTRmmagCa
TRmbgb; nigmageTotCaTRmsnak; enaHeyIg)an
(FEM )BC
6000(4 )2
wL2
=
= 12000 N .m
8
8
!@>$> karEbgEckm:Um:g;sRmab;eRKagmineyal
(Moment distribution for frames: No sidesway)
karGnuvtnviFIEbgEckm:Um:g;sRmab;eRKagEdlmineyalmanlkNdUcnwgdMeNIrkarsRmab;
viPaKFwm. edIm,Ikat;bnykasnkMhusqg eKENnaM[eFVIkarviPaKedayeRbItaragdUcenAkg]TahrN_
elIkmun. ehIyeKGackat;bnykarEbgEckm:Um:g; RbsinebIeKEktRmUvemKuNkRmajdUcbgajenAkg
kfaxNmun.
4EI
5
K BC =
4EI
6
K CD =
3EI
5
K CE =
3EI
4
DFAB = 0
DFBA =
4 EI / 5
= 0.545
4 EI / 5 + 4 EI / 6
T.Chhay
-431
NPIC
DFEC = 1
2
(FEM )BC = wL
12
2
(FEM )CB = wL
12
45(6 )2
= 135kN .m
12
45(6)2
= 135kN .m
12
!@>%> karEbgEckm:Um:g;sRmab;eRKagEdleyal
(Moment distribution for frames: Sidesway)
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
T.Chhay
-432
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-433
NPIC
efr.
T.Chhay
-434
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
(FEM )BC
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
=
16(4)2 (1)
= 10.24kN .m
(5)2
2
(FEM )CB = 16(1) 2(4) = 2.56kN .m
(5)
6 EI
L2
edaysar TaMg B nig C pas;TI)an ' dUcKa ehIy AB nig DC man E / I nig L dUcKa m:Um:g;bgb;cugenA
kg AB ehIymanm:Um:g;bgb;cugdUcKaenAkg DC . dUcbgajenAkgrUbTI 12-18f eyIgnwgsnt;m:Um:g;
bgb;cugNamYyesInwg
(FEM ) AB = (FEM )BA = (FEM )CD = (FEM )DC = 100kN .m
R' = 28 + 28 = 56.0kN
T.Chhay
-435
NPIC
0.92
( 80) = 1.57kN .m
56.0
0.92
( 60) = 4.79kN .m
M BA = 5.78 +
56.0
0.92
(60) = 4.79kN .m
M BC = 5.78 +
56.0
0.92
(60) = 3.71kN .m
M CB = 2.72 +
56.0
0.92
( 60) = 3.71kN .m
M CD = 2.72 +
56.0
0.92
( 80) = 2.63kN .m
M DC = 1.32 +
56.0
M AB = 2.88 +
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
T.Chhay
-436
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
R = 5.784 2 = 3.78kN
BA
L2
(5)2
L2
(5)2
T.Chhay
-437
NPIC
dUcenH m:Um:g;ersultg;enAkgeRKagKW
3.78
M AB = 9.58 +
( 69.91) = 0.948kN .m
25.1
3.78
M BA = 19.34 +
( 40.01) = 13.3kN .m
25.1
3.78
M BC = 19.34 +
(40.01) = 13.3kN .m
25.1
3.78
M CB = 15.00 +
(23.31) = 18.5kN .m
25.1
3.78
M CD = 15.00 +
( 23.31) = 18.5kN .m
25.1
5.97 + Ax (4 ) 8(3) = 0
Ax = 7.49kN
+ MC = 0
5.97 D x (4 ) + 8(3) = 0
D x = 7.49kN
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
T.Chhay
-438
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dUcenH sRmab;eRKagTaMgmUl
Fx = 0
T.Chhay
-439
NPIC
CD
+ MB = 0
A' x = 80.74kN
+ MC = 0
D' x = 80.74kN
dUcenH sRmab;eRKagTaMgmUl
Fx = 0
dUcenH m:Um:g;ersultg;enAkgeRKagKW
40
M BA = 5.97 +
( 146.80) = 30.4kN .m
161.48
40
M BC = 5.97 +
(146.80) = 30.4kN .m
161.48
40
M CB = 5.97 +
(146.80) = 42.3kN .m
161.48
40
M CD = 5.97 +
( 146.80) = 42.3kN .m
161.48
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
T.Chhay
-440
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
!@>! kMNt;m:Um:g;enARtg; A / B nig C bnab;mk
sg;daRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;Fwm. m:Um:g;niclPaB
rbs;Ggt;nImYyRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUb. snt;
faTRmRtg; B CaTRmkl; ehIyenARtg; A
nig C CaTRm bgb;. E = 200GPa .
-441
NPIC
!@>( r)arRtUv)antPab;edaytMNsnak;Edl
bgajedaycMNuc. RbsinebIeKecalkmaMgEkg
enAkgr)ar cUrkMNt;kmaMgRbtikmtamTisQrenA
Rtg;snak;nImYy. EI CacMnYnefr.
!@>!@ kMNt;m:Um:g;EdlmanGMeBIenARtg;cugrbs;
Ggt;nImYy bnab;mksg;daRkamm:Um:g;. snt;
faTRm A nig D CaTRmsnak; ehIyTRm B Ca
tMNbgb; nigTRm C CaTRmbgb;.
E = 200GPa / I ABC = 280(10 6 )mm 4
ehIy I BD = 440(106 )mm 4 .
T.Chhay
-442
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!@>!& kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;EdlmanGMeBIenARtg;cug
rbs;Ggt;nImYy. snt;faTRmenARtg; A
nig D CaTRmbgb;. m:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;Ggt;
nImYyRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUb.
EI = 200GPa .
!@>!^ kMNt;m:Um:g;Bt;EdlmanGMeBIenARtg;cug
rbs;Ggt;nImYyrbs;eRKag. EI CacMnYnefr.
Problems
T.Chhay
-443
!@>!( kMNt;m:Um:g;EdlmanGMeBIenARtg;cugrbs;
Ggt;nImYy. snt;tMNCatMNbgb; ehIy A
nig D CaTRmbgb;. EI CacMnYnefr.
NPIC
!@>@0 kMNt;m:Um:g;EdlmanGMeBIenARtg;TRmbgb;
A nig D rbs;eRKag. EI CacMnYnefr.
karviPaKtamviFIbMlas;TI karEbgEckm:Um:g;
T.Chhay
-444
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
T.Chhay
-445
NPIC
1 157.3(10 3 )
(1)(0.5) + 1 182.0(10 )(1)(1)
A = M A' =
M A' = 0
2
1 171.9 10 3
+
E
2
329.6 10 3
=
E
( )
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-446
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!#>@> lkNnkardak;bnkrbs;Ggt;Edlmanmuxkat;ERbRbYledayeRbIviFIFwmnimit
(Loading properties of nonprismatic members using the conjugate-beam method)
Problems
T.Chhay
-447
NPIC
efr. E Catmefr.
dMeNaHRsay edaysarTRmFwmBitenARtg; A nig B CaTRmbgb; enaHFwmnimitRtUvTMenrenARtg;cug A' nig
B ' rbs;va. daRkamm:Um:g;RtUv)anbgajedayEpk edayeRbIviFItRmYtplEdlerobrab;enAkgkfaxN 4-5.
EpkEdlbgajenAxagsaMenAkgrUbTI13-5b rhUtdl;rUbTI 13-5d bgajBIdaRkamm:Um:g;sRmab;FwmTRm
samBaEdlrgbnkcMcMNuc 9kN nigm:Um:g;cug M A nig M B . sRmab;ElVg AC / I AC = (0.3)(0.6)3 /12
= 5.4(10 3 )m 4 ehIysRmab;ElVg CB / I CB = (0.3)(0.3)3 / 12 = 0.675(10 3 )m 4 . edayeRbItmTaMg
enH daRkam bnk M / EI enAelIFwmnimitRtUv)anbgajenAxageqVgenAkgrUbTI 13-5b rhUtdl;
13-5d. kmaMgersultg;EdlbgeLIgedaybnkBRgayRtUv)anKNna
ehIykRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUb. edaysarmMurgVil nigPaBdabenARtg;cug A b B rbs;FwmBitesIsUn
eyIgTamTar[
300mm
+ Fy = 0
cMeNaT
E
E
E
E
E
E
1000M B 166.67 M B
=0
E
E
6187.5 479.17 M A 1354.17 M B = 0
(1)
T.Chhay
-448
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
+ M A' = 0
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
1687.5
(1.8) + 4500 (3) 187.5M A (0.9) 125M A (1.35) 166.67 M A (3)
E
E
E
E
E
187.5M B
1000M B
166.67 M B
(1.8)
(3.15)
(3.3) = 0
E
E
E
(2)
16537.5 + 837.5M A + 4037.5M B = 0
M A = (FEM ) AB = 3.25kN .m
M B = (FEM )BA = 3.42kN .m
Problems
T.Chhay
-449
NPIC
MA
M
M
C M
C M
+ 125 A + 166.67 A 187.5 AB A 100 AB A
E
E
E
E
E
C AB M A
166.67
=0
E
M
C M
(1)
1 + 479.17 A 1354.17 AB A = 0
E
E
1 + 187.5
MA
(0.9) 125 M A (1.35) 166.67 M A (3) + 187.5 C AB M A (1.8)
E
E
E
E
C M
C M
+ 1000 AB A (3.15) + 166.67 AB A (3.3) = 0
E
E
187.5
T.Chhay
-450
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
837.5 + 4037.5C AB = 0
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
C AB = 0.207
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-451
NPIC
MA
C M
48.42 AB A = 0
E
E
M
C M
383.20 A 398.56 AB A = 0
E
E
1 + 84.94
+ Fy = 0
+ M A' = 0
edayedaHRsaysmIkarTaMgenH eyIg)an
C AB = 0.961
KA = M A =
E
38.39
!#>#> lkNnbnkrbs;Ggt;Edlmanmuxkat;ERbRbYlEdlmanpSayenAkgRBwtibRtbeckeTs
(Loading properties of nonprismatic members Available from publications)
dUckarbgajenAkgkfamun eKRtUvkarkargarCaeRcInEdlBak;BnnwgkarkMNt;m:Um:g;bgb;cug em
KuNkRmaj nigemKuNdMENlsRmab;Ggt;Edlmanmuxkat;ERbRbYl. CalTpl eK)anbegItRkaPic nig
taragedIm,IkMNt;TinnyTaMgenHsRmab;rUbragrYmEdleRbIenAkgkarsikSaKNnarcnasm<n. Handbook
of Frame Constant RtUv)anpSBVpSayedaysmaKmn_sIum:gt_BrELn. taragxH EdlRtUv)anykecj
BIkare)aHBum<enH RtUv)anbgajenAkgtarag 13-1 nig 13-2. TRmg;ntaragEdlsKsajRtUv)an[
enAkg PCA handbook CamYynwgedrIevnrUbmnEdleRbI.
xageRkamenHCaniymnyrbs;nimitsBaamYycMnYn
a A , a B = pleFobnRbEvgrbs; haunch enAcug A nig B elIRbEvgrbs;ElVg.
b = pleFobcmayBIbnkcMcMNuceTAcug A elIRbEvgElVg.
C AB , C BA = emKuNdMENlrbs;Ggt; AB enAcug A nig B erogKa.
h A , hB = km<s;rbs;Ggt;enAcug A nig B erogKa.
hC = km<s;rbs;Ggt;enARtg;muxkat;Gb,brma.
I C = m:Um:g;niclPaBnmuxkat;Rtg;km<s;Gb,brma.
k AB , k BA = m:Um:g;bgb;cugenARtg;cug A nig B erogKa EdlkMNt;enAkgtaragsRmab;bnkcM
cMNuc P bbnkBRgayesI P .
rA , rB = pleFobsRmab;muxkat;ctuekaN Edl rA = (h A hC ) / hC / rB = (hB hC ) / hC .
dUckarbgajxagelI eKkMNt;m:Um:g;bgb;cug nigemKuNdMENlBItarag. eKGackMNt;emKuNkRmajdac;
xatedayeRbIemKuNkRmajEdlmanenAkgtarag nigGackMNt;)anBI
KA =
k AB EI C
L
KB =
k BA EI C
L
(13-2)
karGnuvtnkareRbIR)as;taragnwgmanbgajenAkg]TahrN_ 13-5.
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-452
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
Problems
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-453
cMeNaT
NPIC
T.Chhay
-454
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!#>$> karEbgEckm:Um:g;sRmab;eRKOgbgMEdlmanGgt;Edlmanmuxkat;ERbRbYl
(Moment distribution for structures having nonprismatic members)
(13-3)
B = 1rad
Problems
T.Chhay
-455
NPIC
(13-4)
(13-5)
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-456
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(13-6)
(13-7)
Problems
T.Chhay
-457
NPIC
a A = aB =
1.5
= 0.2
7.5
rA = rB =
1.2 0.6
= 1.0
0.6
C AB = C BA = 0.619
k AB = k BA = 6.41
edayeRbIsmIkar 13-2
( )
edaysarcugqayrbs;ElVg BA CaTRmsnak; eyIgnwgEktRmUvemKuNkRmajrbs; BA edayeRbIsmIkar
13-3. eyIg)an
K ' = K (1 C C ) = 4.615(10 )E [1 0.619(0.619 )] = 2.847(10 )E
bnkrayesI tarag 13-2
K AB = K BA =
BA
BA
AB
BA
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-458
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
ElVg BC
a B = aC =
1.5
= 0.5
3
rB =
1.2 0.6
= 1.0
0.6
C BC = 0.781
CCB = 0.664
k BC = 13.12
K CB = 15.47
rC =
1.5 0.6
0.6
K CB =
( )
( )
bnkcMcMNuc
b=
0.9
= 0.3
3
T.Chhay
-459
NPIC
(1 + C AB )R + (FEM ) AB
L
= K B B B + C BA A (1 + C BA )R + (FEM )BA
L
M AB = K A B A + C AB B
M BA
Edl
(13-8)
m:Um:g;enARtg;cugCitrbs;ElVg. m:Um:g;viCmanvilRsbRTnicnaLikenAeBlvaeFVIGMeBIelI
ElVg.
K N = kRmajdac;xatrbs;cugCitEdlkMNt;)anBItarag bedaykarKNna.
N , = mMurgVilenARtg;cugCit nigcugqayrbs;ElVgenARtg;TRm. xatrbs;vaCara:dg; ehIy
vamantmviCmanenAeBlvavilRsbRTnicnaLika.
= mMurbs;ElVgEdlbNalBIbMlas;TIlIenEGr = / L . xatrbs;vaCara:dg; ehIyvaman
tmviCmanenAeBlvavilRsbRTnicnaLika.
(FEM )N = m:Um:g;bgb;cugenARtg;cugTRmCit. m:Um:g;viCmaneFVIGMeBIRsbRTnicnaLikaelIElVg
ehIyeKTTYlva)anBItarag bedaykarKNna.
eKGnuvtsmIkardUckarGnuvtdMeNIrkarviPaKEdlerobrab;enAkgemeronTI 11 dUcenHeyIgnwgmin
erobrab;enATIenHeT. CaBiess eKRtUvcMNaMfa smIkar 13-8 kat;bnymkRtwmsmIkar 11-8 enAeBl
GnuvteTAelIGgt;Edlmanmuxkat;efr.
MN =
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-460
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
!#>! kMNt;m:Um:g;bgb;cugenARtg; A nig C sRmab;
Fwmsmas. E = 200GPa .
!#>& kMNt;edayRbhak;RbEhlnUvemKuN
kRmaj nigemKuNdMENlsRmab;FwmEdkEdl
manm:Um:g;niclPaB 94.9(106 )mm 4 nigkm<s;
222 mm . FwmRtUv)an BRgwgCaEpkedayEdk
15mm 200mm BIelIsabenAkNalElVg.
yk E = 200GPa .
!#>$ kMNt;edayRbhak;RbEhlnUvemKuN
kRmaj nigemKuNdMENlsRmab;cug B rbs;Fwm
ncMeNaT !#>#. sRmab;karKNnakMNat;Ggt;
FwmmanRbEvg 2m .
!#>% kMNt;emKuNkRmaj nigemKuNdMENlenA
Rtg;cug A nigcug B rbs;Fwmsmas. E =
200GPa .
T.Chhay
-461
!#>!! kMNt;edayRbhak;RbEhlnUvemKuN
kRmaj nigemKuNdMENlsRmab;FwmeQI. yk
E = 11GPa . FwmmankRmas; 300mm . sRmab;
karKNnakMNat;Ggt;FwmmanRbEvg1m .
NPIC
T.Chhay
-462
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
Problems
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!#>!( eRbIviFIEbgEckm:Um;g;edIm,IkMNt;m:Um:g;enA
Rtg;tMNnImYyrbs;eRKags<ansIuemRTI. TRm F
nig E CaTRmbgb; ehIy B nig C CatMNbgb;.
eRbI tarag 13-2. snt;fa E CacMnYnefr
Ggt;nImYy mankRmas; 0.25m . Haunch
Cabnat;Rtg;.
T.Chhay
-463
NPIC
enAkgemeronenH eyIgnwgBnl;BIeKalkarN_mUldannkareRbIR)as;viFIPaBrwgRkajsRmab;viPaKeRKOg
bgM. viFIenHmanPaBsKsajsRmab;karedaHRsayedayd EtvasaksmsRmab;eRbICamYynwgkMuBTr.
enAkgemeronenHmanbgajBI]TahrN_Gnuvtn_eTAelI truss kgbg;. bnab;mk eyIgnwgeRbIviFIenH
sRmab; truss kglMh. eyIgnwgerobrab;BIkarGnuvtviFIenHsRmab;Fwm nigeRKagenAemeroneRkay.
T.Chhay
-464
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
karkMNt;GtsBaaNrbs;Ggt; nig
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
CMhanmYynCMhandMbUgkgkarGnuvtviFIPaBrwgRkaj
KWkMNt;GtsBaaNGgt;rbs;rcnasm<n nig node rbs;va. eyIgnwgkMNt;Ggt;edaybg;elxEdlBT
CMuvijedaykaer ehIyelxEdlBTCMuvijedayrgVg;kMNt;[ node. ehIyeKkRtUvkMNt;cugCit nig
cugqayrbs;Ggt;edayeRbIk,alRBYjEdlvacgleTAcugqay. ]TahrN_nkarkMNt;Ggt; node nig
TisedAsRmab; truss RtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 14-1a.
node
T.Chhay
-465
NPIC
AE
dN
L
q' F =
AE
dN
L
AE
dF
L
q' ' F =
AE
dF
L
T.Chhay
-466
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
AE
AE
dN
dF
L
L
AE
AE
qF =
dF
dN
L
L
qN =
(14-1)
(14-2)
eKGacsresrsmIkarTMnak;TMngrvagbnk nigkmaMgkgTRmg;m:aRTIs*Ca
q N AE 1 1 d N
q = L 1 1 d
F
F
b q = k ' d
(14-3)
Edl k ' = AEL 11 11
(14-4)
AE
L
dUcKa eKkMNt;kmaMgenAcugqayBI i = 2 /
q F = k ' 21 =
j =1
dUcenH
AE
L
]bsm<n A pl;[nUvkarrMlwkBIm:aRTIs.
T.Chhay
-467
NPIC
x = cos x =
xF xN
=
L
y = cos y =
yF yN
=
L
xF xN
(x F
x N )2 + ( y F y N )2
yF yN
(x F
xN ) + (yF y N )
2
(14-5)
(14-6)
sBaanBVnenAkgsmIkarTUeTATaMgenHnwgKitedaysVyRbvtisRmab;Ggt;EdlsitenAkgkaRdg;NamYy
rbs;bg; xy .
T.Chhay
-468
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
d N = D N x cos x + D N y cos y
EdleKGacsresrvaCaTRmg;m:aRTIs
b
Edl
DN x
d N x y 0 0 D N y
d = 0 0 D
F
x
y
F
x
D
Fy
(14-7)
d = TD
(14-8)
x y 0 0
T =
0 0 x y
(14-9)
eKminKitBIbMEbMrYl x b y edaysarvamantmtUceBk.
T.Chhay
-469
NPIC
Q N x = q N cos x
QFy = q F cos y
QN y = q N y
Q Fx = q F x
QFy = q F y
EdleKGacsresrvaCaTRmg;m:aRTIsdUcxageRkam
Q N x x
Q
N y = y
Q Fx 0
QFy 0
q N
x q F
y
0
0
(14-10)
T.Chhay
-470
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
b
Edl
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Q =TTq
TT
y
=
0
(14-11)
0
0
x
(14-12)
!$>$> m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajrbs;Ggt;kgkUGredaenskl
(Member global stiffness matrix)
eyIgnwgpMlTplenAkgkfaxNxagelI ehIykMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt;EdlTak;
TgnwgbgMkmaMgskl Q nigbMlas;TIskl D rbs;Ggt;. RbsinebIeyIgCMnYssmIkar 14-8 d = TD
eTAkgsmIkar 14-3 q = k ' d eyIgGackMNt;kmaMg q rbs;Ggt;CaGnuKmn_nbMlas;TIskl D enA
Rtg;cMNuccugrbs;va eBalKW
q = k ' TD
(14-13)
b
Edk
Q = KD
(14-14)
k = T T k 'T
(14-15)
T.Chhay
-471
NPIC
y
k=
0
0
0 AE 1 1 x y 0 0
x L 1 1 0 0 x y
edayKNnaedaHRsaym:aRTIsxagelI eyIg)an
Nx
AE
k=
x y
L
2
x
x y
2x
Ny
Fx
x y
2x
2y
x y
x y
2x
2y
x y
Fy
x y N x
2y N y
x y Fx
2y F y
(14-16)
T.Chhay
-472
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-473
x =
30
=1
3
NPIC
y =
00
=0
3
2
3
4
0 0.333 0 1
0
0
0 2
k1 = AE
0.333 0 0.333 0 3
0
0
0 4
0
30
= 0.6
5
y =
40
= 0.8
3
1
2
5
6
0.096 0.072 0.096 1
0.072
0.128 6
0.096 0.128 0.096
T.Chhay
-474
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
1
0.333
0
K = AE 0.333
0
0
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
1
2
2
3
4 5 6
0.096
0 0.333 0 0 0 1
0.072
0.096
0.128
0
0
0 0 0 2
0
0 0.333 0 0 0 3 + AE 0
0
0
0
0 0 0 4
0
0.072 0.096
0
0
0 0 0 5
0
0
0 0 0 6
0.096 0.128
0.096 0.333
0.405
0.096
0.128
0
0
0.333
K = AE 0.333
0
0
0
0.072 0.096
0
0
0.096 0.128
3 4
5
6
0 0 0.072 0.096 1
0 0 0.096 0.128 2
0 0
0
0 3
0 0
0
0 4
0 0 0.072
0.096 5
0 0 0.096
0.128 6
0 0.072 0.096
0 0.096 0.128
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0.072
0.096
0 0.096
0.128
T.Chhay
-475
NPIC
k1 = AE 0
0.1
x =
y =
2
6
5
0 0.1 0 1
0
0
0 2
0
1
0 6
0
0
0 5
Ggt;elx 2 enATIenH L = 10
x =
10 0
10 2
00
=0
10
2m
dUcenH
= 0.707
y =
10 0
10 2
= 0.707
1
2
7
8
0.035 0.035 0.035 1
0.035
0.035 8
0.035 0.035 0.035
0 0.1
x =
y =
10 0
=1
10
y =
00
=0
10
3
4
0
0 1
0 0.1 2
0
0 3
0 0.1 4
10 0
=1
10
T.Chhay
-476
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
3
0.1
k 4 = AE 0
0.1
4
7
8
0 0.1 0 3
0
0
0 4
0
1
0 7
0
0
0 8
Ggt;elx 5 enATIenH L = 10
x =
10 0
10 2
2m
dUcenH
= 0.707
y =
0 10
10 2
= 0.707
3
4
6
5
0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 3
0.035 0.035 4
k 5 = AE 0.035 0.035
0.035 0.035
0.035 0.035 6
k 6 = AE 0 0.1
0
0
0 0.1
x =
y =
10 0
=1
10
7
8
0
0 6
0 0.1 5
0
0 7
0 0.1 8
0
0
0.135 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.1
0 3
0.1
0
0
0
0.135
0.135 8
0.035 0.035
eRkayeBlbegItm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;eRKOgbgMrYcehIy eKGaceFVI[bgMkmaMgskl Q
T.Chhay
-477
NPIC
(14-17)
Qk K11 K12 Du
Q = K
u 21 K 22 Dk
(14-18)
Edl
Qk , D k =
Qk = K11 Du + K12 Dk
Qu = K 21 Du + K 22 Dk
(14-19)
(14-20)
(14-21)
(14-22)
eyIgnwg)aneXIjBIviFIbMEbkenHenAkg]TahrN_xageRkam.
T.Chhay
-478
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
edayBnatsmIkarenH eyIg)an
q N AE 1 1 x y 0
q = L 1 1 0 0
x
DN x
0 D Ny
y DFx
D Fy
AE
x y x
L
DN x
D
N
y y
D Fx
D
Fy
(14-23)
RbsinebIlTplEdl)anBIkarKNnamantmGviCman enaHGgt;rgkarsgt;.
kareFVIkMNt;sMKal;
begItRbBnkUGredaenskl x, y . CaTUeTAeKalrbs;vasitenARtg;tMNNaEdleFVI[kUGr
edaensRmab;tMNdTeTotviCman.
kMNt;elxerog[tMN nigGgt;nImYy ehIykMNt;cugCit nigcugqayrbs;Ggt;nImYy eday
eRbITisedArbs;sBaaRBYj Edlk,alRBYjeq<aHeTArkcugqay.
kMNt;elxkUdBIrenARtg;tMNnImYy edayeRbIelxtUcbMputsRmab;sMKal; degree of freedom
EdlminmanrgkarTb; cMENkelxFMbMputsRmab;sMKal; degree of freedom EdlmankarTb;.
begIt Dk nig Qk .
m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;eRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-479
NPIC
bMlas;TI nigbnk
mantmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
0 1
Qk =
2 2
T.Chhay
-480
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
0.096 0.333
0
0.405
2
0.096
0.128
0
Q3
0.333
0
0.333
= AE
0
0
Q4
0
Q5
0.072 0.096
0
0
0.096 0.128
Q6
0 0.072 0.096 D1
0 0.096 0.128 D2
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0.072
0.096 0
0 0.096
0.128 0
(1)
enATIenH eyIgGacedaHRsayy:agRsYledayBnatedaypal;
0 = AE (0.405 D1 + 0.096 D2 )
2 = AE (0.096 D1 + 0.128D2 )
4.505
AE
D2 =
19.003
AE
0 1 4.505 0
4 = AE
+
Q5
0.072 0.096 AE 19.003 0
0.096 0.128
0
Q6
edayBnat nigedaHRsaykmaMgRbtikm
Q3 = 0.333(4.505) = 1.5kN
Q4 = 0
T.Chhay
-481
Ggt;elx ! x = 1,
NPIC
y = 0, L = 3m
4.505 1
AE 1 2 3 4 1 19.003 2
q1 =
3 [ 1 0 1 0] AE 0 3
0 4
1
= [ 4.505] = 1.5kN
3
Ggt;elx @ x = 0.6,
y = 0.8, L = 5m
4.505 1
2
5
6 1 19.003 2
AE 1
q2 =
5 [ 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8] AE 0 5
0 6
1
= [ 0.6(4.505) 0.8( 19.003)] = 2.5kN
5
Cak;EsgeKGacepgpat;cemIyTaMgenHedaysmIkarlMnwgEdlGnuvtenARtg;tMN .
TI 14-10a. AE mantmefr.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-482
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
0 6
Dk = 0 7
0 8
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
0 1
0 2
Qk = 2 3
4 4
0 5
2
0
0
0.135 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.1
0 D3
0
0 D4
0.1 0.035 0.135 0.035 0.035
4 = AE 0
(1)
0
0
0
0.035 0.035 0.135 0.035
0
0.1 D5
0
0
0 0
0.035 0.035 0.035 0.135
Q6
0.1
Q
0.035 0.035 0.1
0
0
0
0.135
0.035 0
7
0.1
0
0
0
0.035
0.135 0
0.035 0.035
Q8
2 = AE 0
0
0.135 0.035 0.035 D3 + 0
0.1 0.035 0.135 0.035 D4 0
0
4
0
0
0
0.035 0.035 0.135 D5 0
1
D3 =
2.06
AE
D4
87.14
D5
22.06
Q8
0.035 0.035
0.1
0
0
17.94
69.20 0
1
2.06 + 0
AE
87
.
14
0
22.06
T.Chhay
-483
NPIC
Q6 = 4.0kN
Q7 = 2.0kN
Q8 = 4.0kN
AE
1 69.20
[ 0.707 0.707 0.707 0.707]
q2 =
AE 0
10 2
0
= 2.56kN
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-484
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
0 3
0.025 4
0 5
Dk =
0 6
0 7
0 8
0 1
Qk =
0 2
k1 = AE 0 0.333
0
0
0 0.333
Ggt;elx @ x = 0.8,
1
2
0
0 3
0 0.333 4
0
0 1
0 0.333 2
y = 0.6, L = 5m
1
0.128
0.096
dUcenH
5
6
0
.
128
0
.
096 1
0.096 0.072 2
k 2 = AE
0.128 0.096 0.128
0.096 5
0.072 6
0.096 0.072 0.096
Ggt;elx # x = 1,
2
0.096
0.072
y = 0, L = 4m
dUcenH
7
0.25
0
8
1
2
0 0.25 0 7
0
0
0 8
k 3 = AE
0.25 0 0.25 0 1
0
0
0 2
0
edaypMm:aRTIsTaMgenH m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<nkayCa
1
2
0.096
0.378
0.096
0.405
0
0
0.333
K= 0
0.128 0.096
0.096 0.072
0.25
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
5
6
7
8
0.128 0.096 0.25 0 1
0.333 0.096 0.072
0
0 2
0
0
0
0
0 3
0.333
0
0
0
0 4
0
0.128
0.096
0
0 5
0
0.096
0.072
0
0 6
0
0
0
0.25 0 7
0
0
0
0
0 8
T.Chhay
-485
0.096
0
0.378
0
0.096
0.405
Q3
0
0
0.333
Q4 = AE 0
Q5
0.128 0.096
Q6
0.096 0.072
Q
0.25
0
7
0
0
Q8
NPIC
0 D1
0 D2
0 0
0 0.025
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0.128 0.096 0.25 0 0
0
0.378 0.096 D1
0
EdleyIgTTYl)an
0 = AE [(0.378 D1 + 0.096 D2 ) + 0]
0 = AE [(0.096 D1 + 0.405 D2 ) + 0.00833]
edayedaHRsayRbBnsmIkarenH eyIg)an
D1 = 0.00556m
D2 = 0.021875m
eTaHbICaeKminRtUvkarKNnakmaMgRbtikmTRmkeday EtRbsinebIcaM)ac;eKRtUvKNnavaBIkarBnatEdl
kMNt;edaysmIkar 14-20. edayeRbIsmIkar 14-23 edIm,IkMNt;kmaMgenAkgGgt;elx @ eyIg)an
Ggt;elx @ x = 0.8, y = 0.6, L = 5m, AE = 8(103 )kN dUcenH
0.00556
0.02187
8 10
0
5
3
8 10
(0.00444 0.0131) = 13.9kN
=
5
( )
3
( )
T.Chhay
-486
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
T.Chhay
-487
NPIC
eKGacsresrsmIkarTaMgenHenAkgTRmg;m:aRTIs
d N x y 0
d = 0 0
x ''
F
DN x
0 DN y
y '' DFx ''
D Fy ''
Q N y = q N cos y
EdleKGacsresrCa
Q N x x 0
Q
N y = y 0 q N
Q Fx '' 0 x '' q F
Q Fy '' 0 y ''
eKeRbIm:aRTIsbMElgbMlas;TI nigm:aRTIskmaMgenAkgsmIkarxagelIedIm,IbegItm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkaj
sRmab;Ggt;enAkgsanPaBenH. edayGnuvtsmIkar 14-15 eyIg)an
k = T T k 'T
x 0
0 AE 1 1 x y 0
0
y
k=
0 y ''
edayKNnam:aRTIsxagelI eyIgTTYl)an
2x
x y x x '' x y ''
y x '' y y ''
2y
AE x y
k=
L x x '' y x ''
2x ''
x '' y ''
(14-24)
T.Chhay
-488
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
bnab;mkeKGaceRbIm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt;nImYyEdlRtUvtPab;eTAnwgTRmkl;EdleRTt
ehIydMeNIrkarpMm:aRTIsedIm,IbegItm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajrcnasm<nGnuvttamdMeNIrkarbTdan. ]TahrN_xageRkambgajBIkarGnuvtrbs;va.
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-489
NPIC
0
k1 = AE
0.17675
0.17675
6
3
4
0 0.17675 0.17675 5
0
0
0 6
0.125 3
0
0.125
0 0.125
0.125 4
1
2
3
4
0
0
0
0
1
0 0.333 0.2357 0.2357
k 2 = AE
2
0 0.2357 0.1667
0.1667 3
0.1667 4
0 0.2357 0.1667
Ggt;elx # x = 0.8,
y = 0.6
1
2
3
4
0.096 0.128 0.096 5
0.128
0.096
0.072 0.0.96 0.072 6
k 3 = AE
0.128 0.096 0.128
0.096 1
0.072 2
0.096 0.072 0.0.96
m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<n pMm:aRTIsTaMgenHedIm,IkMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcna
sm<n eyIg)an
0.128 0.096 D1
0.096
0
0
30
0.128
0
0.096
0.4053 0.2357 0.2357 0.096 0.072 D2
0
0
0.2357 0.2917
0.0417 0.17675
0 D3
= AE
0.2357
0.417
0.2917
0.17375
0 0
Q4
0
Q5
0.128 0.096 0.17675 0.17675
0.378
0.096 0
0
0
0.096
0.072 0
0.096 0.072
Q6
D1 =
T.Chhay
-490
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(q F )0 = AET
Truss analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-491
NPIC
QN x
Q
Ny
QF
x
Q Fy
)0
x
x 0
0
1
0 = y
y
AE
T
AE
T
1
0 x
x
0
0 y
y
0
( )
( )
( )
(14-25)
(q N )0 =
(q F )0
QN x
Q
Ny
QF
x
Q
F
)0
0 = AEL y
L x
0
( )
( )
( )
(14-26)
(14-27)
Q = K
+
u 21 K 22 Dk (Qu )0
edayedaHRsaym:aRTIsenAGgxagsaM eyIgTTYl)an
Qk = K11 Du + K 21 Dk + (Qk )0
Qu = K 21 Du + K 22 Dk + (Qu )0
(14-28)
(14-29)
T.Chhay
-492
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
RbsinebIeyIgBnatsmIkarenHedIm,IkMNt;kmaMgenAcugqayrbs;Ggt; eyIgTTYl)an
qF =
AE
x y x
L
DN x
D
N
y y (q F )0
DFx
D Fy
(14-30)
dMeNaHRsay
0.6
2 0 = AE ( 0.01)
= AE 0.0012 2
(Q5 )0
0.0016 5
0.8
5
0.0012 6
0.6
(Q6 )0
y = 0.6
eyIg)an
T.Chhay
-493
NPIC
Q3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.333 0 0.333
Q4 = AE 0
Q5
0.128 0.096 0
0
0.128 0.096
0
0
0.096 0.072
0
Q6
0.096 0.072 0
Q
0.25
0
0
0
0
0
0.25
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Q8
0 D1
0.0016
0.0012
0 D2
0 0
0
0 0
0
+ AE
0.0016
0 0
0 0
0.0012
0 0
0
0 0
0
edayEbgEckm:aRTIsenHdUcbgaj nigedayedaHRsayplKuNm:aRTIsedIm,ITTYl)ansmIkarsRmab;
bMlas;TI eyIgTTYl)an
0
0
0
0.128 0.096 0.25 0 0
0.0016
0
0.378 0.096 D1
0
+ AE
0
0 0
0.0012
0
0
Edl[
0 = AE [0.378 D1 + 0.096 D2 ] + AE [0] + AE [0.0016]
0 = AE [0.096 D1 + 0.405 D2 ] + AE [0] + AE [0.0012]
edaHRsayRbBnsmIkar eyIgTTYl)an
D1 = 0.003704 m
D2 = 0.002084 m
0
8 10
+ [0]
[0 1 0 1]
q1 =
0.003704
3
0.002084
( )
3
T.Chhay
-494
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
q1 = 5.56kN
Ggt;elx @ x = 0.8,
( ) dUcenH
y = 0.6, L = 5m, AE = 8 10 3 kN
0.003704
0.002084
3
8 10 3
8 10 ( 0.01)
[0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6]
q2 =
0
5
5
( )
( )
q 2 = 9.26kN
Edl
bgajenAkgrUbTI 14-16 rgnUvkMeNInsItuNPaB
83.3o C . kMNt;kmaMgEdlekItmanenAkgGgt;elx
@. yk = 11.7(10 6 )/ o C / E = 200GPa . Ggt;
nImYymanRkLapmuxkat; A = 484mm 2 .
truss
dMeNaHRsay
0.707
2 0 = AE (11.7 ) 10 6 (83.3)
= AE 0.000689325 2
(Q3 )0
0.000689325 7
0.707
0.000689325 8
0.707
(Q4 )0
( )
0
0
0 = AE 0
0
0
Q 6
0.1
Q
0.035
7
0.035
Q8
0.035
0
0
0.1
0.135
0
0
0.135 0.035
0.1 0.035 0.135
0
0.035 0.035
0.035 0.035
0
0.035 0.1
0
0.035
0.1 0.035
0
0.035
0
0
0.035 0.035 0.1
0.035 0.035
0
0.135 0.035
0
0.035 0.135
0
0
0
0.135
0.1
0.035 D1
0.000689325 1
0.000689325 2
0.035 D 2
3
0 D3
0
0
0 D4
4
+ AE
5
0.1 D5
0
0
0 0
6
0.000689325 7
0.035 0
0.035 0.135 0
0.000689325 8
D3 = 0.002027 m
Truss analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-495
NPIC
D4 = 0.009848m
D5 = 0.002027 m
0
10 2
[ ( )]
= 27.09kN
xF xN
=
L
y = cos y =
yF yN
=
L
xF xN
(x F
x N )2 + ( y F y N )2 + ( z F z N )2
(x F
x N ) + ( y F y N ) + (z F z N )
yF yN
2
(14-31)
(14-32)
T.Chhay
-496
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
z = cos z =
zF zN
=
L
zF zN
(x F
(14-33)
x N ) + ( y F y N )2 + (z F z N )2
2
0 0 0 x y z
k= z
0
0
0
0
0 AE 1 1 x y z 0 0 0
x L 1 1 0 0 0 x y z
y
edayedaHRsayplKuNm:aRTIs eyIgnwgTTYl)anm:aRTIssIuemRTI
Nx
Ny
2x
y x
AE
z x
k=
L
2x
y x
z x
x y
2y
z y
x y
2y
z y
Nz
Fx
Fy
Fz
x y xz N x
y z y x 2y y z N y
2z z x z y 2z N z
2x
x y x z Fx
xz
2y
y z Fy
y z y x
z x z y
2z Fz
2z
xz
2x
(14-34)
smIkarenHCam:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt;Edlsresr
edayeRbIkUGredaenskl. elxkUdtam beNayCYredk
nigCYrQrtMNag[Tis x, y, z enARtg;cugCit N x , N y ,
N z Edlbnedaycugqay Fx , F y , Fz .
sRmab;karsresrkmviFIkMuBTr CaTUeTAvaman
lkNgayRsYlkgkareRbIsmIkar 14-34 CagkaredaH
RsayplKuNm:aRTIs T T k 'T sRmab;Ggt;nImYy.
dUckarerobrab;BIxagedIm dMbUgkMuBTrnwg rkSam:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<n K EdlmanFatu
esIsUn bnab;mkeTotedaysarFatunImYy nm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt;RtUv)anbegIt vaRtUv
)andak;eTAkgTItaMgRtUvKarbs;vaenAkgm:aRTIs K . eRkayeBlFaturbs;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;
rcnasm<nRtUv)anbegIt eKGacGnuvtdMeNIrkar Edl)anerobrab;enAkgkfaxN 14-6 edIm,IkMNt;
bMlas;TIrbs;tMN kmaMgRbtikm nigkmaMgkgrbs;Ggt;.
Truss analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-497
NPIC
cMeNaT
14>1 kMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkaj K sRmab;eRKOg 14>5 kMNt;bMlas;TItamTisQrenARtg;tMN
bgM. yk A = 300mm 2 nig E = 200GPa
nigkmaMgkgrbs;Ggt;elx $ ncMeNaT 14>4.
sRmab;Ggt;.
yk A = 0.0015m 2 nig E = 200GPa .
14>6 kMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkaj K sRmab;
truss. yk A = 0.005m 2 nig E = 200GPa .
snt; tMNTaMgGs;tPab;edaysnak;.
cMeNaT
14>7 kMNt;bMlas;TItamTisQrenARtg;tMN
nigkmaMgkgrbs;Ggt;elx @ ncMeNaT 14>6.
14>8 kMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkaj K sRmab;
truss. yk A = 0.0015m 2 nig E = 200GPa
sRmab; Ggt;.
T.Chhay
-498
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Problems
14>14 kMNt;bMlas;TItamTisedkenARtg;tMN
nigkmaMgkgrbs;Ggt;elx @ ncMeNaT
14>13. yk A = 1000mm 2 nig E =
200GPa .
14>15 kMNt;kmaMgkgnGgt;elx @ncMeNaT
14>8 RbsinebIsItuNPaBekIneLIg 55o C .
yk A = 1000mm 2 E = 200GPa nig =
11.7(10 6 )/ o C .
14>16 kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmenAelI truss. AE
CacMnYnefr.
T.Chhay
-499
cMeNaT
NPIC
T.Chhay
-500
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!%> karviPaKFwmedayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
(Beam analysis using the stiffness method)
T.Chhay
-501
NPIC
edaentMbn; nigkUGredaensRmab;Ggt; x' , y' , z' maneKalrbs;vasitenAcugCitrbs;Ggt;nImYy GkSviCman x' manTisedAeTArkcugqay. rUbTI 15-1b bgajkUGredaenTaMgenHsRmab;Ggt;elx @. enAkgkrNI
TaMgBIr eyIg)aneRbIRbBnkUGredaendsaM dUcenHRbsinebIeyIgbgVildsaMBIGkS x b x' eTAGkS y b y'
eyIgnwgTTYl)anGkS z b z' viCman EdlmanTisedAecjBIRkdasesovePA. cMNaMfa sRmab;Ggt;Fwm
nImYyGkS x nig x' nwgsitenAelIGkSEtmYy ehIykUGredaenskl nigkUGredaensRmab;Ggt;TaMgGs;suT
EtRsbKa. dUcenH mindUckrNIsRmab; truss enATIenH eyIgnwgmincaM)ac;begItm:aRTIsbMElgrvagRbBn
kUGredaenTaMgenH.
PaBminkMNt;sIueNm:aTic eRkayeBlGgt; nig node RtUv)ankMNt; nigeRkayeBlRbBnkUGredaenskl
RtUv)anbegIt eKGackMNt; degree of freedom nigPaBminkMNt;sIueNm:aTicsRmab;Fwm. RbsinebIeyIg
KitTaMg\TiBlm:Um:g;Bt; nigkmaMgkat; enaH node nImYyenAelIFwmGaclman degree of freedom BIreBal
KW bMlas;TItamTisQr nigmMurgVil. dUcenAkgkrNIrbs; truss eKGackMNt;bMlas;TITaMgenHedayelxkUd.
eyIgeRbIelxkUdtUcbMputedIm,IeFVIkMNt;sMKal;bMlas;TIEdlCaGBaat degree of freedom Edlminmankar
Tb; ehIyeyIgeRbIelxFMbMputedIm,IeFVIkMNt;sMKal;bMlas;TIEdleyIgsal; degree of freedom Edlman
karTb;. rMlwkfa mUlehtukgkareRCIserIsviFInkareFVIkMNt;sMKal; eyIgRtUveFVIkarEbgEckm:aRTIsPaBrwg
RkajsRmab;rcnasm<neGay)anRsYl dUcenHeyIgGacKNnabM;las;TIEdlCaGBaattamrebobedaypal;
bMput.
T.Chhay
-502
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
karbegItviFIPaBrwgRkajsRmab;FwmmanlkNRsedogeTAnwgdMeNIrkarkgkarbegItPaBrwgRkaj
EdleRbIsRmab; truss. dMbUg eyIgRtUvbegItm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt;nImYy ehIybnab;mkpMm:aRTIs
TaMgenHedIm,IbegItm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Fwm bm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<n. edayeRbIsmIkar
m:aRTIssRmab;rcnasm<n eyIgGacbnkarKNnaedIm,IkMNt;bM;las;TIEdlCaGBaatenARtg; node ehIyBIkar
kMNt;enH eyIgGackMNt;RbtikmenAelIFwm nigkmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;enARtg; node.
z'
y'
z'
z'
z'
T.Chhay
-503
NPIC
bMlas;TIlIenEGr nigbMlas;TImMuEdlpSMCamYynwgbnkTaMgenHkGnuvttamkarkMNt;sBaaviCmandUc
Ka. enATIenH eyIgnwgdak;bMlas;TITaMgenHdac;edayELkBIKa ehIybnab;mkkMNt;bnkEdlmanGMeBIenAelI
Ggt;EdlbNalBIbMlas;TInImYy.
y'
z'
karviPaKFwmedayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
T.Chhay
-504
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
3
L2
L3
L2 d
q N y ' 6LEI
4 EI
6 EI
2 EI N y '
q
2
L
L d Nz'
N z ' = L2
L
q Fy ' 12 EI
6 EI 12 EI
6 EI d
2 Fy '
3 2
3
L
L
L d F
q Fz ' L
2 EI
6 EI
4 EI z '
6 EI
2
L2
L
L
L
(15-1)
eyIgkGacsresrsmIkarTaMgenHkgTRmg;kat;dUcxageRkam
q = kd
(15-2)
T.Chhay
-505
NPIC
!%>$> karGnuvtnviFIPaBrwgRkajsRmab;karviPaKFwm
(Application of the stiffness method for bema analysis)
eRkayeBleKkMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<nrYcehIy eKGacPab;TMnak;TMngrvagbnk
enARtg; node rbs;FwmeTAnwgbMlas;TIedayeRbIsmIkarPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<n
Q = KD
enAeBleyIgBnatm:aRTIsxagelI eyIgnwgTTYl)ansmIkarBIrKW
Qk = K11 Du + K12 Dk
Qu = K 21 Du + K 22 Dk
(15-3)
(15-4)
T.Chhay
-506
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(15-5)
kareFVIkMNt;sMKal;
Beam analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-507
NPIC
m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<n
bMlas;TI nigbnk
bMEbksmIkarPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<nCaRkum ehIyeFVIRbmaNviFIKuNm:aRTIsedIm,IkMNt;
bMlas;TIEdlCaGBaat Du nigkmaMgRbtikmTRm Qu .
eKGackMNt;kmaMgkat; nigm:Um:g; q enARtg;cugrbs;Ggt;FwmnImYyBIsmIkar 15-5 edayKitbBal
TaMgbnkbgb;cug.
]TahrN_ 15-1
T.Chhay
-508
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
0 5
Dk =
0 6
2
k1 = EI 1.5
1.5 1.5
1
1.5
5
3
1.5 1.5 6
1.5 1 4
1 . 5 1 . 5 5
1.5 2 3
5
3
1.5 1.5
2
k 2 = EI 1.5
1.5 1.5
1
1.5
2
1
1.5 1.5 5
1.5 1 3
1.5 1.5 2
1.5 2 1
0 = EI 1
0
0
Q5
1.5
0
Q6
2
3
4
1.5 1
0
1.5 1.5 0
1.5 4
1
0
1
2
1.5 0 1.5
0
1.5 1.5
5
1.5
1.5
0
1.5
3
1.5
6
0 D1
0 D2
1.5 D3
1.5 D4
1.5 0
1.5 0
T.Chhay
-509
NPIC
0 = 2 D1 1.5D2 + D3 + 0
5
0 = D1 1.5D2 + 4 D3 + D4
0 = 0 + 0 + D3 + 2 D2
edayedaHRsayRbBnsmIkarxagelI eyIgTTYl)an
16.67
EI
26.67
D2 =
EI
6.67
D3 =
EI
3.33
D4 =
EI
D1 =
+ 0 1.5 EI
1.5EI
EI
EI
EI
= 10kN
6.67
3.33
Q6 = 0 + 0 + 1.5 EI
+ 1.5 EI
EI
EI
= 5kN
]TahrN_ 15-2
karviPaKFwmedayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
T.Chhay
-510
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
M 0 2
0 3
0 4
Dk =
0 5
0 6
2
L
L
L2
L6
4
6
2
6
2
2
k1 = EI L
L
L
L
12
6 12
6
2 4
3 2
3
L
L
L
L
2
6
4
6
2
L2
L
L 1
L
4
1
3
2
6
12
6 4
12
3
3
2
L
L
L2
L6
4
6
2
1
2
2
k 2 = EI L
L
L
L
12
6 12
6
2 3
3 2
3
L
L
L
L
2
6
4
6
2
L2
L
L 2
L
8
2
6
6
2
D1 1
0
L
2
2
L
L
L
L
2
4
6
6
2
1 0
0
0 D2 2
2
L
L
L
L
2 M 0 6
6 12
12
0
0
0 3
2
2
3
3
3 Q3 =
L
L
L
L
6
12 24
12
6
4 Q4 0
3
3 2 0 4
2
3
L
L
L
L
L
5 Q5
6
12 12
6
0
0 3
6 Q6 2
0 5
L
L3
L2
L
6
6
4
2
0
0 2
L
2
L 0 6
L
L
eFVIplKuNeTAelICYredkdMbUgTaMgBIredIm,IkMNt;bMlas;TI eyIg)an
Beam analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-511
NPIC
8EI
2 EI
D1 +
D2
L
L
2 EI
4 EI
M0 =
D1 +
D2
L
L
M L
D1 = 0
14 EI
2M 0 L
D2 =
7 EI
0=
dUenH
=
7L
L2 14 EI L2 7 EI
Q3 =
5
6
4
1
q5
6
12
6 0 5
12
L2
L3 L2
L6
0
4
6
2
6
q6
= EI L2
L
L
L
12
6 12
6 0
4
q 4
3
L2 L3
L2
L
2
6
4 M L
6
0
2
q
L2
L
L 14 EI 1
L
1
6 EI M L 3M 0
q5 = 2 0 =
7L
L 14 EI
q6 =
2 EI M 0 L M 0
=
L 14 EI
7
q4 =
q1 =
3M 0
6 EI M 0 L
=
2 14 EI
7L
L
4 EI M 0 L 2 M 0
=
L 14 EI
L
lTplTaMgenHRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 15-9c.
T.Chhay
-512
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
0
4
Dk = 0.0015 5
0
6
2
k1 = EI 1.5
1 .5 1 .5
1
1 .5
5
2
1 .5 1 .5 6
1.5 1 3
1 .5 1 .5 5
1 .5 2 2
5
2
1 .5 1 .5
2
k 2 = EI 1.5
1 .5 1 .5
1
1 .5
4
1
1 .5 1 .5 5
1.5 1 2
1.5 1.5 4
1 .5 2 1
4 = EI 0
1
2
Q4
1.5 1.5 0
Q5
1.5
0 1.5
1.5 1.5
0
Q6
4
1.5
1.5
0
1.5
1.5
0
5
1.5
0
1.5
1.5
3
1.5
6
0 D1
1.5 D2
1.5 D3
0 0
1.5 0.0015
1.5 0
edaHRsayrkbMlas;TIEdlCaGBaat
4
= 2 D1 + D2 + 0 D3 1.5(0 ) + 1.5( 0.0015) + 0
EI
0 = 1D1 + 4 D2 + 1D3 1.5(0 ) + 0 + 0
Beam analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-513
NPIC
4
= 0 D1 + 1D2 + 2 D3 + 0 1.5( 0.0015) + 0
EI
D2 = 0
D3 = 0.001580rad
edayeRbIlTplTaMgenH dUcenHkmaMgRbtikmTRmKW
Q4 = 200(10 6 )22(10 6 )[ 1.5(0.001580 ) 1.5(0 ) + 0 + 1.5(0 ) 1.5( 0.0015) + 0] = 0.525kN
Q5 = 200(10 6 )22(10 6 )[1.5(0.001580) + 0 1.5( 0.001580) 1.5(0 ) + 3( 0.0015) 1.5(0)] = 1.05kN
Q6 = 200(10 6 )22(10 6 )[0 + 1.5(0) + 1.5( 0.001580) + 0 1.5( 0.0015) + 1.5(0)] = 0.525kN
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-514
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
12 1
Qk =
84 2
6
6(200 )(216)
=
= 7200
L2
62
4 EI 4(200)(216)
=
= 28800
L
6
2 EI 2(200)(216)
=
= 14400
L
6
4
3
5
2
2400 7200 2400 7200 4
Ggt;elx @
T.Chhay
-515
NPIC
5
6
1
2
3
4
0
0
64800 64800 D1
12 86400 43200
84 43200 115200 14400 7200 57600 64800 D
2
Q3 = 0
14400 28800 7200 7200
0 0
7200
7200 2400 2400 64800 0
Q4 0
Q5 64800 57600 7200 2400 67200 64800 0
0
0
64800 64800 0
Q6 64800 64800
edayedaHRsaytamrebobFmta
12 = 86400 D1 + 43200 D2
84 = 43200 D1 + 115200 D2
( )
= 0.8333(10 )m
D1 = 0.2778 10 3 m
D2
lTplenHdUcKanwglTplEdlKNnaenAkg]TahrN_ 11-2.
eTaHbICaeKminRtUvkarKNnam:Umg: ; nigkmaMgkat;enARtg;cMNuc B enATIenHkeday EteKGacKitGac
KNnava)an ]TahrN_ Ggt;elx !/ node @ rUbTI 15-11b. lTplTamTarkarBnat
q1 = k1d + (q0 )1
4
3
5
2
q 4 2400 7200 2400 7200 0
6
q 7200 28800 7200 14400 0
3 =
10 3 + 96
96
q 2 7200 14400 57600 115200 0.833
( )
]TahrN_ 15-5
T.Chhay
-516
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dMeNaHRsay
1 .5
2
k1 = EI
1 .5 1 .5
1
1 .5
1
2
1 .5 1 .5 3
1.5 1 4
1 .5 1 .5 1
1 .5 2 2
1
2
1
.
5
1
.
5
1 .5
2
k 2 = EI
1 .5 1 .5
1
1 .5
5
6
1 .5 1 .5 1
1.5 1 2
1.5 1.5 5
1 .5 2 6
0
3
0
0
4
0 = EI 1.5 1.5
Q4
1.5 1
Q5
1.5 1.5
1
1.5
Q6
3
4
1.5 1.5
1.5
1
1.5 1.5
1.5
2
0
0
0
0
5
6
1.5 1.5 D1
1.5 1 D2
0
0 D3
0
0 0
1.5 1.5 0
1.5 2 0
T.Chhay
-517
NPIC
edayedaHRsayrkbMlas;TI eyIg)an
P
= 3D1 + 0 D2 1.5D3
EI
0 = 0 D1 + 4 D2 + 1.5D3
0 = 1.5D1 + 1.5D2 + 1.5D3
1.667 P
D1 =
EI
P
D2 =
EI
2.667 P
D3 =
EI
EI
1.667 P
P 2.667 P
Q5 = 1.5EI
1.5EI + 0
=P
EI
EI
EI
1.667 P
P 2.667 P
Q6 = 1.5 EI
+ 1EI + 0
= 1.5 P
EI
EI
EI
karviPaKFwmedayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
T.Chhay
-518
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
!%>! kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmTRm. snt;CaTRm
kl;. EI CacMnYnefr.
Problems
T.Chhay
-519
NPIC
cMeNaT
T.Chhay
-520
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
!^> karviPaKeRKagkgbg;edayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
(Plane frame analysis using the stiffness method)
eKalKMnitEdl)anbgajenAkgemeronelIkmunEdlerobrab;GMBIkaeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkajenAelI trusses
nigFwmRtUv)anBnat nigGnuvteTAelIkarviPaKeRKag. viFIenHnwgbgajfadMeNIrkarsRmab;edaHRsayman
lkNRsedogKaeTAnwgkaredaHRsaysRmab;Fwm b:uEnvaRtUvkareRbIm:aRTIsbMElg edaysarGgt;eRKagsit
kgTisepSg.
z'
x'
y'
y'
z'
z'
z'
eyIg)anBicarNaTMnak;TMngrvagbnk nigbM;las;TIEdlbNalBIbnkTaMgenHenAkgemeronelIkmun.
bnktamGkSRtUv)anerobrab;edayeyageTAelIrUbTI 14-2 kmaMgkat;eyageTAtamrUbTI 15-5 ehIym:Um:g;
Bt;eyagtamrUbTI 15-6. tamviFItRmYtpl RbsinebIeKbUkbBallTplTaMgGs;enHcUlKa eKGacsresr
TMnak;TMngrvagbMlas;TI nigbnkcMnYnR)aMmYysRmab;Ggt;kgTRmg;m:aRTIsdUcxageRkam
Plane frame analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-521
N x'
NPIC
N y'
N z'
Fx'
F y'
Fz'
q N x'
d
AE
N x'
AE
0
0
0
0
L
q N y '
12 EI
6 EI
12 EI 6 EI d N y '
3
0
3
2
2
L
L
L
L
6 EI
4 EI
6 EI
2 EI d
q N z' 0
Nz'
2
0
2
L
L
L
L
AE
AE
0
0
0
0 d F
q Fx '
x'
L
L
EI
EI
EI
EI
12
6
12
6
3 2
0
0
3
2 d
q Fy '
L
L
L
L Fy '
6 EI
2 EI
6 EI
4 EI
L
L d
L2
L2
q F
z'
Fz '
(16-1)
btamTRmg;kat;
q = k'd
(16-2)
m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt; k ' pSMeLIgedayemKuN\TiBlcMnYn 36 EdltMNagedaybnkenAelIGgt;
enAeBlGgt;rgbMlas;TIktaCak;lak;NamYy. CaBiess CYrQrnImYyenAkgm:aRTIsnImYyCabnkkg
Ggt;sRmab;bMlas;TIktaEdlkMNt;edayelxkUd degree of freedom EdlmanbgajenABIxagelICYrQr
nImYy. eRKagEdleKRtUvKNnaRtUvEtbMeBjlkxNlMnwg niglkxNbMlas;TIRtUvKa.
d N x ' = D N x cos x
d N y ' = D N x cos y
d N x ; = D N y cos y
d N y ' = D N y cos x
z'
karviPaKeRKagkgbg;edayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
T.Chhay
-522
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
DNz' = DNz
d Fx ' = D Fx cos x
d Fy ' = D Fx cos y
d Fz ' = D Fz
0
d Fx ' 0
dF 0
0
y'
0
d Fz ' 0
0 0
0
0 0
0
1 0
0
0 x y
0 y x
0 0
0
0 D N x
0 D N y
0 D N z
0 DFx
0 D Fy
1 D Fz
(16-3)
b d = TD
(16-4)
tamkarGegt m:aRTIs T bMElgbMlas;TI D kgkUGredaenskl x, y, z TaMgR)aMmYyeGayeTACabMlas;TI d
kgkUGredaentMbn; x' , y' , z' TaMgR)aMmYy. enATIenHm:aRTIs T RtUv)aneKsal;Cam:aRTIsbMElgbMlas;TI.
Q N x = q N x ' cos x
Plane frame analysis using the stiffness method
Q N y = q N x ' cos y
T.Chhay
-523
NPIC
Q N x = q N y ' cos y
Q N y = q N y ' cos x
QN z = q N z'
tamrebobdUcKa bnkenARtg;cugGgt; q F
x'
, q Fy ' , q Fz '
nwgpl;nUvbgMkmaMgdUcxageRkam
Q Fx = q Fx ' cos x
Q Fx = q Fy ' cos y
Q Fz = q Fz '
smIkarTaMgbIEdlpMenAkgTRmg;m:aRTIsCamYynwg x = cos x ,
Q N x x y
Q
N y y x
Q N z 0
0
=
0
QFx 0
QF 0
0
y
0
Q Fz 0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
x y
y x
0
y = cos y
pl;nUv
0 q N x '
0 q N y '
0 q N z '
0 q Fx '
0 q Fy '
1 q Fz '
(16-5)
b
Q =TTq
(16-6)
enATIenH dUckarerobrab; m:aRTIs T T bMElgbnkenAelIGgt;TaMgR)aMmYyEdlsresrenAkgkUGredaentMbn;
eGayeTACabnkTaMgR)aMmYyEdlsresrenAkgkUGredaenskl.
!^>#> m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsklsRmab;Ggt;eRKag
(Frame-Member Global Stiffness Matrix)
eKGacpMlTplnkfaxNelIkmunedIm,IkMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt;EdlPab;TMnak;TMng
rvagbnkskl Q eTAnwgbMlas;TIskl D . edIm,IeFVIEbbenH eKRtUvCMnYssmIkar 16-4 d = TD eTAkg
smIkar 16-2 q = k ' d . eyIg)an
q = k 'TD
(16-7)
karviPaKeRKagkgbg;edayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
(16-8)
T.Chhay
-524
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Q = kD
b
k = T T k 'T
(16-9)
Edl
enATIenH k Cam:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsklsRmab;Ggt;. eyIgGacTTYltmrbs;vakgTRmg;TUeTAedayeRbI
smIkar 16-5/ 16-1 nig 16-3 ehIyedayeFVIRbmaNviFIm:aRTIs eKnwgTTYl)anlTplcugeRkay
(16-10)
!^>$> karGnuvtnviFIPaBrwgRkajsRmab;karviPaKeRKag
(Application of the stiffness method for frame analysis)
enAeBlEdleKbegItm:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;Ggt;rYcehIy eKGacpMBYkvabBalKaeTAkgm:aRTIs
PaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<ntamrebobFmta. edaysresrsmIkarm:aRTIssRmab;rcnasm<n eKGac
kMNt;bM;las;TIenARtg; node EdlminmankarTb; EdlbnedaykmaMgRbtikm nigkmaMgkgenARtg; node.
eKGacedaHRsaykmaMgxagEdlmanGMeBIelIGgt; kMhusqgedaysarplitkm bERmbRmYlsItuNPaB
kmaMgTRmeRTt nigkmaMgTRmxagkgtamrebobdUcKanwgGVIEdl)anerobrab;sRmab; truss nigFwm.
Plane frame analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-525
NPIC
kareFVIkMNt;sMKal;
m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;eRKOgbgM
bMlas;TI nigkmaMg
karviPaKeRKagkgbg;edayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
T.Chhay
-526
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
Qk = K11 Du + K12 Dk
Qu = K 21 Du + K 22 Dk
RbsinebIlTplnGBaatEdl)anKNnaCaTMhMGviCm an vabgajfaBYkvaeFVIGMeBItamTiskUGredaen
GviCman.
1800 10 6 mm 4 A = 6000mm 2
T.Chhay
-527
NPIC
dMeNaHRsay
0 6
0 7
Dk =
0 8
0 9
m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;eRKOgbgM tYxageRkammanlkNdUcKasRmab;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;
Ggt;TaMgBIr
AE 6(10 3 )(200)(10 6 )
=
= 200(10 3 )kN / m
6
L
12 EI 12(200 )(10 6 )(180)(10 6 )
=
= 2(10 3 )kN / m
L3
6 EI
63
6(200) 10 6 (180) 10 6
( ) ( ) = 6(10 )kN / m
L
6
4 EI 4(200)(10 )(180)(10 )
=
= 24(10 )kN / m
2
L
6
6
2 EI 2(200) 10 (180) 10 6
=
= 12 103 kN / m
L
6
60
00
x =
=1
y =
=0
6
6
( ) ( ) ( )
Ggt;elx !
edayCMnYsTinnyeTAkgsmIkar 16-10 eyIg)an
4
6 5
1
2 3
200 0 0 200 0 0 4
0
2 6
0
2 6 6
6 24
0
6 12 5
k1 = 10 3 0
200 0 0 200 0 0 1
0
0
2 6 2
2 6
6 12
0
6 24 3
0
( )
karviPaKeRKagkgbg;edayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
T.Chhay
-528
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
3
6
7
2
9
0
0
6 1
2
0 200 0 0 200 0 2
3 6
0
24 6
0
12 3
k 2 = 10
0
0
6 2
6 7
2
0 200 0 0 200 0 8
0
12 6
0
24 9
6
( )
0
6
6
0
200
0
3
10
=
0
0
6
2
Q6
0
Q
2
0
7
200
Q8
0
Q
6
0
( )
3
4
5 6 7
8
9
6 200 0 0 2
0
6 D1
0
6
6 2 0 200 0 D2
48
0
12 6 6
0
12 D3
0 200 0 0 0
0
0 D4
12
0
24 6 0
0
0 D5
6
0
6 2 0
0
0 0
0
0 0 2
6
6 0
0
0
0
0 0 0 200 0 0
12
0
0 0 6
0
24 0
(1)
0 = 10 3 6
6 48
0
12 D3 + 0
0 200 0 D4 0
200 0
0
0
0
6 12
0
24 D5 0
( )
edayedaHRsaym:aRTIsxagelI eyIgTTYl)am
Plane frame analysis using the stiffness method
T.Chhay
-529
NPIC
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
edayeRbIlTplTaMgenH eKGackMNt;kmaMgRbtikmBIsmIkar (1) dUcxageRkam
D1 17.51 10 3 m
D
6
2 37.47 10 m
D3 = 2.505 10 3 rad
3
D4 17.51 10 m
D5 1.243 10 3 rad
4 5
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
eKGackMNt;kmaMgkgenAkg node edayGnuvtsmIkar 16-7 eTAelIGgt;elx 1. enATIenH k ' RtUv
)ankMNt;edaysmIkar 16-1 ehIy T edaysmIkar 16-3. dUcenH
Q6
Q
3
7 = 10
Q8
Q9
6
2
0
2
0
6
0 200 0
0
12
6
17.51 10 - 3 m
6
0 7.50kN
6
m
37
.
47
10
0 20kN
0
2.505 10 rad + =
kN
0
7
.
50
0
17.51 10 3 m
0
0 75kN .m
3
1.243 10 rad
0
0
0
0
4
6
5
1
2 3
200 0 0 200 0 0 1
0
2 6
0
2 6 0
6 24
0
6 12 0
q1 = k1T1 D = 10 3 0
200 0 0 200 0 0 0
0
0
2 6 0
2 6
6 12
0
6 24 0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
( ) 4
0 17.5 10 3
0
0
0 1.243 10 3
0 17.51 10 3
0 37.47 10 6
1 2.505 10 3
6
5
1
2
( )
( )
( )
( )
cMNaMkardMerobdRtwmRtUvnFatuenAkgm:aRTIsdUcEdl)anbgajedayelxkUdtamRCugxagrbs;CYrQr
nigCYredk. edaHRsaym:aRTIsxagelI eyIg)an
( )
0
q4
q 7.50kN
6
q5
0
=
0
q1
q 2 7.50kN
q3 45kN .m
T.Chhay
-530
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
I = 225 10 6 mm 4 A = 7500mm 2
dMeNaHRsay
T.Chhay
-531
NPIC
0 4
0 5
0 6
Dk =
0 7
0 8
0 9
0 1
Qk = 150 2
150 3
m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<n
Ggt;elx !
EA 7500(10 6 )(200)(10 6 )
=
= 200(103 )kN / m
L
12 EI
3
L
6 EI
7.5
12(200) 10 6 (225) 10 6
( )
( ) = 1280kN / m
(7.5)
6(200)(225)
=
= 4800kN
(7.5)2
4(200)(225)
=
= 24(103 )kN .m
3
L2
4 EI
7.5
L
2 EI 2(200 )(225)
=
= 12 10 3 kN .m
7.5
L
60
4.5 0
x =
= 0.8
y =
= 0.6
7.5
7.5
( )
4
6
5
1
128.46 95.39 2.88 128.46
95.39
72.82 3.84 95.39
3.84
24
2.88
k1 = 10 3 2.88
3.84
12
2.88
2.88
( )
Ggt;elx @
( )
( )
2
3
95.39 2.88 4
72.82 3.84 6
3.84
12 5
95.39 2.88 1
72.82 3.84 2
3.84
24 3
EA 7500 10 6 (200) 10 6
=
= 250 10 3 kN / m
L
6
12 EI 12(200 )(225)
=
= 2500kN / m
L3
(6)3
6 EI 6(200 )(225)
=
= 7500kN
L2
(6)2
4 EI 4(200)(225)
=
= 30 10 3 kN .m
L
6
( )
( )
karviPaKeRKagkgbg;edayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
T.Chhay
-532
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
2 EI 2(200)(225)
=
= 15 103 kN .m
L
6
12 6
4.5 4.5
x =
=1
y =
=0
6
6
( )
1
2
3
7
8
9
0 250 0
0 1
250 250
0
7 .5 7 .5
0
2.5 7.5 2
0
30
0
7.5 15 3
k 2 = 10 3 0
0
250
0
0 7
250 0
0
0
2.5 7.5 8
2 .5 7 .5
7.5 15
0
7.5 30 9
0
( )
m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkajsRmab;rcnasm<nEdlrYmbBalenAkg Q = KD kayCa
1
0
378.46
150
95.39
150
2.88
128.46
Q4
3
Q5 = 10 95.39
Q6
2.88
Q
20
7
Q8
0
0
Q9
( )
2
95.39
75.32
3
7.88
3.66
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 D1
128.46 95.39 2.88 250 0
0
95.39 72.82 3.84
2.5 7.5 D2
3.66
54
3.84
12
0
2.88
7.5 15 D3
0
0
0 0
95.39 2.88 128.46 95.39 2.88
(1)
95.39
72.82 3.84
0
0
0 0
72.82 3.84
12
3.84
24
0
0
0 0
3.84
2.88
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
2 .5 7 .5 0
2.5 7.5
7 .5
15
0
0
0
0
7.5 30 0
2
150
2.88 3.66 54 D3 0
D1 0.716mm
D = 2.76mm
2
D3 0.00261rad
( )
T.Chhay
-533
NPIC
0.716
Q6 2.88
12
3.84
2.76
=
0
0
Q7 250
0.00261 10 3
Q8 0
2 .5 7 .5
7 .5
15
Q9 0
0 178.8kN
0 122.7 kN
+ 0 = 18.7 kN .m
0 179.0kN
0 26.5kN
0 59.9kN .m
( )
2
3
0
0 0.8 0.6
1.28 4.8 0.6 0.8
4.8 12 0
0
0
0 0
0
1.28 1.8 0
0
4.8 24 0
0
0 0
0
0 0
0
1 0
0
0 0.8 0
0 0.6 0.8
0 0
0
0 0 4
0 0 5
0 0 6
0 0.716 1
0 2.76 2
1 2.61 3
q6 18.7kN .m
=
q1 216.6kN
q 2 9.15kN
q3 50kN .m
lTplTaMgenHRtUv)anbgajenAkgrUbTI 16-5d.
karviPaKdUcKaRtUv)aneFVIsRmab;Ggt;elx @. lTplRtUv)anbgajenAxageqVgkgrUbTI 16-5e.
sRmab;Ggt;enH eyIgRtUvdak;bnknrUbTI 16-5c dUcenHlTplcugeRkaysRmab;Ggt;elx @ RtUv)an
bgajenAxagsaM.
karviPaKeRKagkgbg;edayeRbIviFIPaBrwgRkaj
T.Chhay
-534
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
16>4 kMNt;kmaMgRbtikmTRmkgenARtg; nig
cMeNaT 16>3. yk E = 200GPa /
I = 300(10 6 )mm 4 , A = 21(10 3 )mm 2 sRmab;
Ggt;nImYy.
16>5 kMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkaj K sRmab;
eRKag. yk E = 200GPa I = 250(106 )mm 4 ,
A = 19(10 3 )mm 2 sRmab;Ggt;nImYy. snt;
nig CatMNbgb;.
16>2 kMNt;kmaMgkgenARtg;cugrbs;Ggt;nImYy
cMeNaT 16>1. snt; nig CaTRm
snak;. yk E = 200GPa / I = 243(106 )mm 4 ,
A = 6000mm 2 sRmab;Ggt;nImYy.
16>3 kMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkaj K sRmab;Ggt;
nImYyrbs;eRKag. snt; Casnak; nig Ca
TRmbgb;. yk E = 200GPa / I = 300(10 )mm
A = 21(10 3 )mm 2 sRmab;Ggt;nImYy.
6
Problems
T.Chhay
-535
16>7 kMNt;kmaMgkgenARtg;cugrbs;Ggt;nImYy
cMeNaT 16>6. yk E = 200GPa /
I = 280(10 6 )mm 4 , A = 18(10 3 )mm 2
sRmab;Ggt;nImYy.
16>8 kMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkaj K sRmab;
eRKag. yk E = 200GPa I = 250(106 )mm 4 ,
A = 12(10 3 )mm 2 sRmab;Ggt;nImYy.
cMeNaT
NPIC
-536
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
( )
A = 9(10 )mm sRmab;Ggt; nImYy.
16>14 kMNt;m:aRTIsPaBrwgRkaj K sRmab;
eRKagEdlmanGgt;BIr. yk E = 200GPa
I = 350(10 )mm , A = 20(10 )mm sRmab;
Ggt;nImYy. tMN nig CatMNsnak; ehIy
CatMNbgb;.
E = 200GPa I = 270 10 6 mm 4 ,
3
Problems
T.Chhay
-537
NPIC
m:aRTIssRmab;karviPaKeRKOgbgM
A.
(Matrix algebra for structural Analysis)
edaysarPaBcaM)ac;nkMuBTr dUcenHkarGnuvtm:aRTIssRmab;karviPaKeRKOgbgMmanlkNTU
lMTUlay. m:aRTIspl;nUvmeFa)aydsmRsbsRmab;karviPaKenH edaysarvamanlkNgayRsYl
kgkarsresrrUbmnkgTRmg;c,as;las; ehIybnab;mkedaHRsaym:aRTIsedayeRbIkMuBTr. sRmab;
mUlehtuenH visVkreRKOgbgMRtUvEtyl;BIvaeGay)anc,as;.
m:aRTIs m:aRTIsCakartMerobelxkgTRmg;ctuekaNEdlamnCYredk m nigCYrQr n . elx EdleK
ehAfaFatu RtUv)antMerobenAkgekb. ]TahrN_ m:aRTIs A RtUv)ansresrCa
a11 a12 L a1n
a
21 a 22 L a 2 n
A=
a m1 a m 2 L a mn
m:aRTIsEbbenHRtUv)aneKehAfam:aRTIs m n . cMNaMfasnsSn_TImYysRmab;FatunImYyCaTItaMgCUr
edkrbs;va ehIysnsSn_TIBIrCaTItaMgCYrQrrbs;va. CaTUeTA aij CaFatuEdlmanTItaMgenAkgCYredk
TI i nigCYrQrTI j .
m:aRTIsCYredk RbsinebIm:aRTIspSMeLIgEtBIFatuenAkgCYredkeTal eKehAvafaCam:aRTIsCYredk.
]TahrN_ m:aRTIsCYredk1 n RtUv)aneKsresrCa
A = [a1 a 2 L a n ]
a 2 = a 21 ,
nigbnbnab;.
T.Chhay
-538
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
21 a 22 L a 2 n
A=
a n1 a n 2 L a nn
A = 0 a 22 0
0
0 a 33
4 3
2 6
B=
4 3
enaH A = B
plbUk nigpldkrbs;m:aRTIs eKGaceFVIRbmaNviFIbUk bdkm:aRTIseTA)anluHRtavaCam:aRTIsEdlman
lMdab;esIKa. lTplRtUv)anTTYlBIkarbUk nigdkFatuRtUvKa. ]TahrN_ RbsinebI
enaH
6 7
A=
2 1
1 15
A+ B=
3 3
5 8
B=
1 4
11 1
A B =
1 5
T.Chhay
-539
NPIC
6 2
24 6
kA =
36 12
k = 6
enaH
RbmaNviFIKuNm:aRTIs eKGacKuNm:aRTIsBIr A nig B bBalKa)anluHRtaEtvaRsbKa. lkxNenH
GacbMeBj)an RbsinebIcMnnY rbs;CYrQrenAkgm:aRTIs A esInwgcMnYnCYredkkgm:aRTIs B . ]TahrN_
RbsinebI
b11 b12 b13
B=
a
a
A = 11 12
a 21 a 22
(A-1)
(m n ) (n q )
(m q )
aik bkj
(A-2)
k =1
eKGacBnl;viFIsaRsnrUbmnenHeday]TahrN_samBaxH. eKman
2 4 3
A=
1 6 1
2
B = 6
7
m:aRTIssRmab;karviPaKeRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-540
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
dUcenH
dUc]TahrN_TIBIr eKman
5 3
A = 4 1
2 8
2 7
B=
3 4
(A-3)
@> eKGacBnatRbmaNviFIKuNm:aRTIs
A(B + C ) = AB + AC
(A-4)
#> eKGacpMRbmaNviFIKuNm:aRTIs
A(BC ) = ( AB )C
Transposed matrix:
(A-5)
RbsinebI
Matrix algebra for structural analysis
T.Chhay
-541
enaH
NPIC
B = [b1 b2 b3 ]
b1
B = b2
b3
T
(A-6)
(A-7)
(A-8)
eKGacbgajlkNcugeRkayeday]TahrN_. RbsinebI
6 2
A=
1 3
4 3
B=
2 5
6 2 4 3
4 2 6 1
1 2 2 5 = 3 5 2 3
28 28
28 2
2 12 = 28 12
28
2
28
28 12 = 28 12
enATIenHm:aRTIsrgKW
A11 = [a11 ]
a21
A21 =
a31
c,ab;rbs;m:aRTIsGnuvteTAelIm:aRTIsEdlEbgEckCaRkumluHRtaEtkarEbgEckmanlkNRsbKa.
]TahrN_ eKGacbUk nigdkm:aRTIsrg A nig B luHRtaEtvamancMnYnCYredk nigCYrQresIKa. dUcKa eK
GaceFVIRbmaNviFIKuNm:aRTIsluHRtaEtcMnnY CYredk nigcMnYnCYrQrRtUvKanm:aRTIs A nigm:aRTIs B esIKa
m:aRTIssRmab;karviPaKeRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-542
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
2 1
B = 0 8
7 4
plKuNrbs;m:aRTIsrgKW
4 1 2 1 8 4
A11B11 =
2 0 0 8 4 2
1
7 4
A12 B21 = [7 4] =
5
35 20
2 1
A21B11 = [6 3]
= [12 18]
0 8
A22 B21 = [8][7 4] = [56 32]
dUcenH
0
8 4 7 4 1
+
AB = 4 2 35 20 = 39 18
M
L ann
(A-9)
karKNnaedETmINg;enHeFVIeGayeKTTYl)antmCaelxeTalEdleKGackMNt;edayeRbI Laplacess
expansion. viFIenHeRbI determinants minor nig cofactor. FatunImYy aij rbs;edETmINg;nlMdab;
Matrix algebra for structural analysis
T.Chhay
-543
NPIC
Cij = ( 1)i + j M ij
(A-10)
]TahrN_ eKmanedETmINg;lMdab;dI
a11 a12 a13
a21 a22 a23
a31 a32 a33
cofactor
sRmab;FatuenAkgCYredkTImYyKW
C11 = ( 1)1+1
a22 a23
C12 = ( 1)1+ 2
a21 a23
C13 = ( 1)1+ 3
a21 a22
a32 a33
a31 a33
a31 a32
a22 a23
a32 a33
=
=
a21 a23
a31 a33
a21 a22
a31 a32
( i = 1,2,K, n )
3 5
1 2
b edayeRbIFatunCYrQrTIBIr eyIg)an
D = 5( 1)1+ 2 ( 1) + 2( 1)2 + 2 (3) = 11
m:aRTIssRmab;karviPaKeRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-544
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
2 6
0 2
+ (3)( 1)1+ 2
4 6
1 2
+ ( 1)( 1)1+ 3
4 2
1 0
eKkGacKNna D edayeRbIFatutambeNayCYredkTIBIr.
BicarNasMNMunsmIkarlIenEGrbIxageRkam
a11x1 + a12 x2 + a13 x3 = c1
a21x1 + a22 x2 + a23 x3 = c2
a31x1 + a32 x2 + a33 x3 = c3
EdlsresrkgTRmg;m:aRTIsdUcxageRkam
a11 a12 a13 x1 c1
a a
21 22 a23 x2 = c2
a31 a32 a33 x3 c3
(A-12)
Ax = C
b
(A-13)
eKGacedaHRsayrk x edayEck C nwg A b:uEnvaminmanRbmaNviFIEckenAkgm:aRTIseT. CMnYseday
RbmaNviFIEck eKeRbIm:aRTIsRcas. cRmas;rbs;m:aRTIs A Cam:aRTIsdTeTotEdlmanlMdab;dUcKa
ehIyeKsresrvaCanimitsBaa A1 . eKmanlkNdUcxageRkam
AA1 = A1 A = I
T.Chhay
-545
NPIC
AA1x = A1C
(A-14)
luHRtaEteKGacTTYl)an A eTIbeKGacedaHRsay x .
sRmab;karKNnaedayd viFIEdleRbI A1 EdlRtUv)anbegIteLIgedayeRbIc,ab; Cramer. enA
TIenHeyIgmin)anerobrab;BIkarbegItvaeT eyIgnwgbgajEtlTplb:ueNaH. cMeBaHbBaaenH eKGac
sresrFatuenAkgm:aRTIsnsmIkar A-14 Ca
1
x = A1C
x1
x = 1
2 A
x3
(A-15)
x1 + x2 + x3 = 1
(A-16)
x1 + 2 x2 2 x3 = 5
enATIenH
1 1 1
A = 1 1 1
1 2 2
1 2
1 2
2 2
1 1
1 1
1 1
C =
1 2
1 2
2 2
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1 1 1
T.Chhay
-546
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
4 0 2
C = 1 3 2
3 3 0
1 1 1
T
edaysar
A = 1 1 1 = 6
1 2 2
dUcenH cRmas;rbs; A KW
A
4 0 2
1
= 1 3 2
6
3 3 0
T.Chhay
-547
NPIC
2 x1 x2 + x3 = 2
4 x1 5 x2 + 3 x3 = 4
(A-17)
(A-18)
(A-19)
(A-20)
(A-21)
(A-22)
bnab;mk eyIgkat;bny x2 . edayeRCIserIssmIkar A-21 sRmab; pivotal equation edaysaremKuN x2 mantmFMCageKenATIenH eyIg)an
x2 = 0.727 0.636 x3
(A-23)
m:aRTIssRmab;karviPaKeRKOgbgM
T.Chhay
-548
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
cMeNaT
A-1
RbsinebI A = 64
2 3
1 5
ehIy
4 1 0
B=
2 0 8
. kMNt; A + B nig A 2B .
A-2 RbsinebI A = [6 1 3] ehIy B = [1 6 3]
bgajfa ( A + B )T = AT + BT .
3 5
A-3 RbsinebI A =
kMNt; A + AT .
2 7
A-4
RbsinebI
1
A = 0
5
ehIy B = [2
1 3]
6 2 2
A-5
A = 5 1 1
0 3 1
1 3 1
AB
B = 2 5 1
0 7 5
RbsinebI
kMNt;
ehIy
.
2 1
7
kMNt; AB .
A-6
RbsinebI
1 8 4
A=
1 2 3
kMNt; AB .
2
A-9 RbsinebI A =
2
6
B = 9
1
A-10
Problems
ehIy
7 3
1 0
3
B = 2
6
ehIy
kMNt; AB .
RbsinebI
. kMNt; AB .
3
5
2 1 6
A=
B = 1 C = 1
4
5
3
6
2
A-13
6 4 2
A = 2 1 1
0 3 1
ehIy
3
2 1 6
A=
B = 1 C = [5
4
5
3
6
1
2 5
A-14
2
7 1
3
kMNt; AB .
A-8
1 3 2
B = 2 4 1
0 7 5
KNnaedETmINg;
A-15
RbsinebI A = 53
A-16
RbsinebI
nig
1
2
1 2]
3 5
7 1
8 6
. kMNt; A1 .
0 1 5
A = 2 5 0
1 1 2
. kMNt; A1 .
edaHRsaysmIkar x1 + 4 x2 + x3 = 1 /
2 x1 x2 + x3 = 2 ehIy 4 x1 5 x2 + 3 x3 = 4
edayeRbIsmIkarm:aRTIs X = A1C .
A-18 edaHRsaysmIkarenAkgcMeNaT A-17
edayeRbIviFI Gause.
A-19 edaHRsaysmIkar x1 x2 + x3 = 1 /
x1 + x2 + x3 = 1 ehIy x1 + 2 x2 2 x3 = 5
edayeRbIsmIkarm:aRTIs X = A1B .
A-20 edaHRsaysmIkarenAkgcMeNaT A-19
edayeRbIviFI Gause.
A-17
T.Chhay
-549
NPIC
cemIysRmab;cMeNaTeRCIserIs
(Answers to selected problems)
CMBUk !
!>! DL = 18.4kN / LL = 43.2kN
!>@ DL = 13.1kN
!># P = 4.06kN / m2
!>% FD = 90kN / FL = 92.2kN / F = 182kN
!>^ Wc = 9.16kN / m
!>& 5kN / m 2
!>* DL = 6.08kN / m, LL = 10.77kN / m
!>( p x = 0.20kN / m 2 , p y = 0.35kN / m 2
!>!0 Fg = 49.71kN , FR = 20.25kN
!>!! Fg = 415.5kN
!>!# F = 12.0kN
!>!$ F = 1.80kN
!>!% sm<aFxageRkAenAelIpdMbUlRtUvTisxl;
p = 488 N / m 2
sm<aFxageRkAenAelIpdMbUlminRtUvTisxl;
p = 236 N / m 2
sm<aFxagkg
@>#$ E y = 15kN ,
B y = 187.5kN Ay = 2.5kN , Ax = 0
@>$#
cemIysRmab;cMeNaTeRCIserIs
B x = 124kN , B x = 111kN ,
Ax = 124kN
p = m134 N / m 2
CMBUk @
@>! sRmab; BG / w = 97.5kN / m
sRmab; ABCD / kmaMgRbtikmKW 21.9kN
@>@ bnktambeNay DF = 7.2kN / m
enARtg; A nig E F '= 27kN
enARtg; A, B, C, D F = 54kN
E x = 15kN ,
/ Ay = 111kN /
C x = 41kN C y = 159kN
@>$(
Ax = 2.347 kN , A y = 6.629kN
C x = 3.053kN , C y = 8.879kN
CMBUk #
#>$ FCD = 11.3(C ),
FCB = 8kN (T ),
-550
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
/ Ay = 8kN
FAB = 20kN (T ),
FBC = 6.0kN (T ),
FBH = 1.49kN (T )
FCJ = 27.0kN (T ),
FCD = 97.5kN (T )
FCD = 2.23kN (C ),
FCF = 0
FCF = 13.4kN (C ),
FDI = 3.33kN (C ),
FJI = 7.83kN (C )
FHG = 10.1kN (C ),
FBG = 1.8kN (T )
#>$#
CMBUk $
$># N B = 0 / VB = 144kN / M B = 192kN .m
$>* N B = 0 / VB = 264kN / M B = 432kN .m
$>!0 V = 2kN / M = (2 x + 16)kN .m
$>!$ VC = 2.5kN / M C = 6kN .m / N C = 0
$>!( a = L3
x
kN .m
$>@^ V = 6 x9 kN / M = 6 x 36
CMBUk %
%>@ P = 42kN
%>% y B = 0.867m / y D = 0.704m
%>!0 x B = 2.18m
%>!# y = 0.0267 x 2 / Tmax = 60.0kN
%>!% TB = 36.3kN / TA = 30.9kN
%>!* B y = 0 / FH = Fmin = 100kN /
Fmax = 117kN / T = 10kN
%>@! M max = 3.56kN .m
%>#! C x = Ax = 167 N / C y = 111N
A y = 389 N
T.Chhay
-551
CMBUk ^
^>!( (M C )max = 40kN .m / (VC )max = 1.5kN
^>@$ (M C )max = 30kN .m /
(VC )max
= 4.75kN
= 17.5kN
= 184.5kN .m
= 70.9kN .m
NPIC
CMBUk *
2
*>% max = MEI0 L / max = M2EI0 L
*>*
*>!0
*>!#
*>!%
*>!(
*>@!
M 0 L2
M 0L
max =
2 EI
8 EI
2
3
PL
PL
B =
B =
2 EI
3EI
2
5 Pa
19 Pa 3
A =
C =
2 EI
6 EI
Pa 3
D =
12 EI
5M 0 a
M a2
A =
C = 0
12 EI
4 EI
84
8
16
C =
A =
B =
EI
EI
EI
40
C =
EI
3
a= L
16
max =
/
/
*>@#
*>@% B = 0.00172rad / C = 1.107mm
2
PL3
*>@* A = PL
/
A =
2 EI
3EI
*>#!> C = 0.00171rad / C = 3.86mm
*>#$ A = 6.75mm
2
3
*>#& C = 32EIPL / C = EIPL
CMBUk (
(># B = 1.50mm
(>& C = 0.0375mm
(>!! B = 0.751mm
(>!% C = 0.234mm
(>!* B = 0.942mm
(>@! E = 0.233mm
(>@$ B = 0.525mm
h
cemIysRmab;cMeNaTeRCIserIs
T.Chhay
-552
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
(>@* A = 12.7mm
(>#@ B = 0.4mm
(>#^ D = 4.88mm
(>$0 B = 1.01mm
(>$# C = 0.9504mm
3
(>$& C = 56PaEI
v
Pa 2
A =
EI
(>%0
(>%$ A = 4.5(10 3 )rad
3
(>%* A = 43PL
EI
(>^@ B = 10.59mm
3
(>^& D = 59.4EIkN.m
(>&0 C = 49.1mm
3
(>&$ C = 9.62EIkN .m
h
CMBUk !0
!0># B y = 153.75kN / Ay = 13.125kN /
C y = 73.125kN
3wL
!0>^ Ax = 0 / B y = 5wL
/
C y = Ay =
4
8
!0>!0 B y = 68.8kN / C y = 15.6kN /
Ax = 0 / Ay = 15.6kN
!0>!# B y = 54.2kN / Bx = 0 / C y = 12.5kN /
Ay = 13.3kN
P
2
/ M A = 8.44kN .m
!0>@# Ay = 4.688kN / C x = 50kN /
C y = 4.688kN / M C = 81.25kN .m
!0>@( FHG = 2.32kN (C )
!0>#@ FBE = 3.62kN (C )
!0>#& FCD = 163kN (C ) /
Ay = 14.06kN
T.Chhay
-553
CMBUk !@
!@>$ M AB = 11.6kN .m / M BA = 12.8kN .m /
M BC = 12.8kN .m / M CB = 13.8kN .m
!@>& M AB = 0 / M BA = 55.5kN .m /
M BC = 55.5kN .m / M CB = 44.25kN .m
!@>( Ay = 6kN / D y = 6kN / B y = 14kN /
C y = 14kN
!@>!! M B = 7.61kN .m
!@>!^ M BA = 104kN .m / M BC = 104kN .m /
M CB = 196kN .m / M CD = 196kN .m
M AB = M DC = 0
NPIC
!$>!0 q2 = 62.5kN (C )
!$>!@ q1 = 5.66kN (C )/ q5 = 4.00kN (T )
!$>!$ D1 = 0.0624mm / q2 = 50.9 N (C )
!$>!^ Q4 = 94.3kN / Q5 = 117kN /
Q6 = 66.7kN
CMBUk !%
!%>! Q5 = 7.50kN / Q6 = 5.0kN.m
!%># Q2 = 6.0kN / Q5 = 30kN .m /
Q6 = 33.0kN
CMBUk !#
!#>@ K A = 25.1(103 )kN .m / C AC = 0.579
!#>^ K A = K B = 31.3(103 )kN .m /
C AB = C BA = 0.599
CMBUk !$
!$>@ D1 = 0 / D2 = 0.694mm
!$>% D4 = 0.45mm / q4 = 6.67k (T )
!$>& D1 = 2.0334(10 6 )m / q2 = 0.508kN
cemIysRmab;cMeNaTeRCIserIs
T.Chhay
-554
mhaviTalysMNg;sIuvil
viTasanCatiBhubeckeTskm<Ca
]bsm<n A
6 3
3 14
79
A.7
5
A.3
2 48 2
A.10 0 17 2
6 5 2
A.14 33 , 18
0.75
A.17 0.25
0.75
A.20 x1 = 1 , x3 = 1 , x 2 = 1
T.Chhay
-555