Professional Documents
Culture Documents
: 1998
Indian Standard
RETAINING WALL FOR HILL AREA GUIDELINES
PART
3 CONSTRUCTION
OF DRY STONE
WALLS
ICS 93.020
0 BIS 1998
BUREAU
MANAK
June
1998
OF
BHAVAN,
INDIAN
STANDARDS
9 BAHADUR
SHAH
NEW DELHI 110002
ZAFAR
MARG
Price
Group
Hill Area
Developmgnt
Engineering
Sectional
Committee,
CED 56
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (Part 3) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Hill Area Development
Engineering
Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering
Division Council.
~_
Retaining wall is a structure used to retain backfill and maintain difference in the elevation
ground surfaces.
Retaining wall may be effectively utilized to tackle the problem of landslide
by stabilizing
the fill slopes and cut slopes.
of the two
in hill area
Part
Selection
of type of wall
,Part 2
Design
Part 4
Construction
of banded
Part 5
Construction
of cement
stone walls
Part 6
Construction
of gabion
walls
Part 7
Construction
Part 8
Construction
of timber
Part 9
Design
of RCC cantilever
Design
and construction
Part
10
of retaininwast
waIL,
crib walls
wall/buttressed
of reinforced
earth
walls/L-type
retaining
walls
walls
_.
,.
,.
:
of technical
Indian Standard
RETAINING WALL FOR HILL AREA GUIDELINES
PART
3 CONSTRUCTION
1 SCOPE
This standard (Part 3) deals with the construction
aspects of dry stone retaining walls.
2 REFERENCES
The Indian
Standard
IS 1123:1975
Method of
identification of natural building stones Cfirst revision)
contain provisions which through reference in this
text, constitute provision of this standard.
At the
time of publication, the edition indicated was valid.
All standards are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements
based on this standard are encouraged
to investigate
the possibility of applying the most
recent edition of the standard indicated above.
3 GENERAL
3.1 A hill road masonry retaining wall is a gravity
wall which shall be considered safe under the expected
conditions
of loading, if following conditions
are
satisfied:
it shall be safe against
shearing
strength
OF DRY STONE
overturning,
WALLS
wall, on account of the following:
a>The
of friction
between the wall base and the foundation soil
being same in both types, the mbehaviour shall
not be different.
Thus there is no particular
utility of bands or mortar and the strength
of a properly constructed dry stone masonry
retaining wall shall be quite sufficient.
On
account of its flexibility, a dry stone masonry
retaining wall may be expected to behave
better than a fully mortarred masonry wall
under seismic conditions.
SLOPE
slope provides
good keying
of the wall
IS 14458
(Part 3) : 1998
thickness which shall be made as impervious
as
possible to minimize ingress of water from top surface.
8 DRAINAGE
8.1 The dry stone masonry retaining walls have the
advantage that the masonry remains quite permeable
to the flow of water and pressure normally does not
build up. However, efficient drainage system above
the top of the retaining wall is most essential.
The
top layer of backfill shall be laid at a proper camber
and shoulder slope. The water flowing in the hill
side drain shall be drained off through scuppers of
appropriate design at regular intervals. The retaining
wall top shall be kept slightly lower than the shoulder
sloping outward so that water runs over the wall
instead of seeping
into the backfill.
For site
development, a 300 mm thick impervious soil layer
(properly compacted) with boulders shall be laid above
the top surface and backfill to prevent ingress of drain
water. Typical sketch showing best retaining wall
with good filling is shown in Fig. l(d).
WORK
PLACEMENT
9 TOE
PROTECTION
ELEMENT
OF BACKFILL
ONLY
FACE
STONES
ARE
WELL
PLACED
REST
IS
STONE
SLOPtNG
TOP
IN SHOULDER
SLOPE
!JENSE
FILLING
__
LAYERS
OUTWARDS
SOIL
IN 03m
^^..^..
TONE
GOtiD
HAND
PACKED
STONE
FILLING
IN
STEPPED
FACE
PR&URE
WALL
GOOD
MASONRY
PITCHING
16)
RETAINING
GOOD
1 (d)
RETAINING
STRENGTH
FIG.1 TYPICAL
FILLING
l(b)
RETAINING
l(d)
BEST RETAINING
75 OR100
l----
b+150mm -4
75 OR 100mm
FILLING
ANNEX A
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE
Hill Area Development
COMPOSITION
Engineering
Sectional
Committee,
CED 56
Representing
DR GWAL RANJAN
Jammu
PROF A
Sensing,
SW
K. CflAKRABORTY
& Kashmir
Dehra Dun
R. C. LAKHERA (Alrernufe)
CHAIR~~AN-CUM~MANAGING
DIRECTOR
National
Buildings
Construction
Corporation,
New Delhi
Organization,
Roorkee
Uttar Pradesh
Irrigation
Design
Ministry
of Surface
Transport,
New Delhi
DTE, DGBR)
New Delhi
IRC (Alrernnte)
Central
Water
Commission,
New Delhi
Indian Meteorological
Society
Department,
for Integrated
New Delhi
Development
of Himalayas,
Mussoorie
FIELU COORDINATOR(A~femafe)
StIRI T. N. GljPTA
Building
Materials
and Technology
Promotion
Council,
New Delhi
Forest Survey
Regional
Research
Laboratory,
Jorhat
SHRIS. KAIJI.
~Ministry of Railways,
of Himalayan
&OF A. k. MalTRA
PROF ARVIND KRISHAN (Alferncree-)
School of Planning
and Architecture,
DR G. S. MEHKOTRA
Central Building
New Delhi
Research
Environment
Institute,
and Development,
Almwa
New Delhi
Roorkee
Geological
SHRIMATI M. PARTHASARATHY
Engineer&-Chiefs
SHRI N
Branch,
Army Headquarters,
New Delhi
SILFU
D.P. PRADI-~AN
Sikkim
Central
Road Research
Institute,
Board,
Gangtok
New Delhi
(Continued on page S)
IS 14458
(Part 3) : 1998
Representing
Merrtbef .r
DR K. S. RAO
DR BIHAWANISINGH
DR P. C. JAIN (Altmrure)
University
Depaament
of Science
SHRI RAMAN
Directorate
General
SIN(ilf
of Roorkee,
Roorkee
and Technology,
Border
Roads
New Delhi
(D&S),
New Delhi
SHRI J. GOPALAKRISHNA(Aster&)
SHRI
R. II. SIN(IH
DR SLJMIIK KVMAR (Altumfe)
National
Institute
of Hydrology,
PROF C. 1. SINIIA
SHRI I1.K SING13 (,d/ter~trlc)
North-Eastern
Regional
SIW
Public Works
Department,
SHRI A. K. SONI
DR P.
SRINIVASIJLU
SHRI
Central
Mining
Institute
Research
Structural
Engineering
Central
Public Works
Roorkee
Assam
Simla
Institute,
Research
Dhanbad
Centre,
Chennai
N. GOPALAKKISIINAN(Alternqt?)
SWDRINTFNLXNG
Housing
and Urban
Department,
Development
SHRI S. C. TIWARI
SHRI Y. VENKXTA(IIALAM
SIIRI S. K. BABBAR (Alterma)
Central
DR
Wadia
N.S. VIRIJHI
Institute
Director
Research
BIS (Ex-otficio
Member-Secretctry
SHRI T.B. NARAYANAN
Joint Director
(Civ Engg),
Corporation
(HUDCO),
Board, Lucknow
of Himalayan
General,
New Delhi
BIS
Station,
Geology,
Member)
New Delhi
Dehra
Dun
New Delhi
Date of Issue
Text Affected
-_
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