Cm chapter 6

A. 4_
C. 40_

1. Macroscopic screening of urine

specimens is used to:
A. Provide results as soon as possible
B. Predict the type of urinary casts
present
C. Increase cost-effectiveness of
urinalysis
D. Decrease the need for polarized
microscopy
2. Variations in the microscopic
analysis of urine include
all of the following except:
A. Preparation of the urine sediment
B. Amount of sediment analyzed
C. Method of reporting
D. Identification of formed elements
3. All of the following can cause falsenegative microscopic results except:
A. Braking the centrifuge
B. Failing to mix the specimen
C. Dilute alkaline urine
D. Using midstream clean-catch
specimens
4. The two factors that determine
relative centrifugal
force are:
A. Radius of rotor head and rpm
B. Radius of rotor head and time of
centrifugation
C. Diameter of rotor head and rpm
D. RPM and time of centrifugation
5. When using the glass slide and
coverslip method,
which of the following might be
missed if the coverslip
is overflowed?
A. Casts
C. WBCs

B. RBCs
D. Bacteria

6. Initial screening of the urine

sediment is performed
using an objective power of:

B. 10_
D. 100_

7. Which of the following should be

used to reduce light
intensity in bright-field microscopy?
A. Centering screws
B. Aperture diaphragm
C. Rheostat
D. Condenser aperture diaphragm
8. Which of the following are reported
as number per
LPF?
A. RBCs
C. Crystals

B. WBCs

D. Casts

9. The Sternheimer-Malbin stain is

added to urine sediments to do all of
the following except:
A. Increase visibility of sediment
constituents
B. Change the constituents refractive
index
C. Decrease precipitation of crystals
D. Delineate constituent structures
10. Nuclear detail can be enhanced
by:
A. Prussian blue
C. Acetic acid

B. Toluidine blue
D. Both B and C

11. Which of the following lipids is/are

stained by Sudan
III?
A. Cholesterol
fats
C. Triglycerides

B. Neutral
D. Both B and C

12. Which of the following lipids is/are

capable of polarizing light?
A. Cholesterol
fats
C. Triglycerides

B. Neutral
D. Both A and B

13. The purpose of the Hansel stain is

to identify:

A. Neutrophils
cells
C. Eosinophils
Monocytes

B. Renal tubular

C. Hyaline casts

D.

20. Transitional epithelial cells are

sloughed from the:

14. Crenated RBCs are seen in urine

that is:
A. Hyposthenuric B. Hypersthenuric
C. Highly acidic D. Highly alkaline

A. Squamous epithlial cells

B. Urothelial epithelial cells
C. Cuboidal epithelial cells
D. Columnar epithelial cells

A. Observation of budding in yeast

cells
B. Increased refractility of oil droplets
C. Lysis of yeast cells by acetic acid
D. Lysis of RBCs by acetic acid
16. The finding of dysmorphic RBCs is
indicative of:
B. Renal
D.

18. Mononuclear leukocytes are

sometimes mistaken for:
A. Yeast cells
B.
Squamous epithelial cells
C. Pollen grains D. Renal tubular
cells
19. When pyuria is detected in a
sediment, the slide
should be carefully checked for the
presence of:
A. RBCs

B. Bacteria

22. A clinically significant squamous

epithelial cell is the:
A. Cuboidal cell
C. Caudate cell

B. Clue cell
D. Columnar cell

23. Forms of transitional epithelial

cells include all of the
following except:
A. Spherical
C. Convoluted
Polyhedral

17. Leukocytes that stain pale blue

with SternheimerMalbin stain and exhibit brownian
movement are:
A. Indicative of pyelonephritis
Basophils
C. Mononuclear leukocytes
Glitter cells

A. Collecting duct B. Vagina

C. Bladder
D. Proximal
convoluted tubule
21. The largest cells in the urine
sediment are:

15. Differentiation among RBCs,

yeast, and oil droplets
may be accomplished by all of the
following except:

A. Glomerular bleeding
calculi
C. Traumatic injury
Coagulation disorders

D. Mucus

B. Caudate
D.

24. Increased transitional cells are

indicative of:
B.
D.

A. Catheterization
B.
Malignancy
C. Pyelonephritis D. Both A and B
25. A primary characteristic used to
identify renal tubular
epithelial cells is:
A. Elongated structure
B. Centrally located nucleus
C. Spherical appearance
D. Eccentrically located nucleus
26. Following an episode of
hemoglobinuria, RTE cells
may contain:
A. Bilirubin
Hemosiderin granules

B.

C. Porphobilinogen
Myoglobin

D.

27. The predecessor of the oval fat

body is the:
A. Histiocyte
Urothelial cell
C. Monocyte
tubular cell

B.
D. Renal

28. A structure believed to be an oval

fat body produced
a Maltese cross formation under
polarized light but
does not stain with Sudan III. The
structure:
A. Contains cholesterol
B. Is not an oval fat body
C. Contains neutral fats
D. Is contaminated with immersion oil
29. The finding of yeast cells in the
urine is commonly
associated with:
A. Cystitis
B. Diabetes
mellitus
C. Pyelonephritis D. Liver disorders
30. The primary component of urinary
mucus is:
A. Bence Jones protein
Microalbumin
C. Tamm-horsfall protein
Orthostatic protein

B.
D.

31. The majority of casts are formed

in the:
A. Proximal convoluted tubules
B. Ascending loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubules
D. Collecting ducts
32. Cylindroiduria refers to the
presence of:
A. Cylindrical renal tubular cells
B. Mucus resembling casts
C. Hyaline and waxy casts
D. All types of casts

33. A person submitting a urine

specimen following a
strenuous exercise routine can
normally have all of
the following in the sediment except:
A. Hyaline casts
B. Granular casts
C. RBC casts
D. WBC casts

39. Nonpathogenic granular casts

contain:
A. Cellular lysosomes
Degenerated cells
C. Protein aggregates
positive cocci

B.
D. Gram-

40. All of the following are true about

waxy casts
Except they:

34. Prior to identifying an RBC cast, all A. Represent extreme urine stasis
of the following
B. May have a brittle consistency
should be observed except:
C. Require staining to be visualized
D. Contain degenerated granules
A. Free-floating RBCs
B. Intact RBCs in the cast
41. The observation of broad casts
C. Presence of a cast matrix
represents:
D. A positive reagent strip blood
reaction
A. Destruction of tubular walls
B. Dehydraton and high fever
35. WBC casts are primarily
C. Formation in the collecting ducts
associated with:
D. Both A and C
A. Pyelonephritis B. Cystitis
C. Glomerulonephritis
D. Viral
infections
36. The shape of the RTE cell
associated with renal tubular epithelial
casts is primarily:
A. Elongated
C. Round

B. Cuboidal
D. Columnar

37. When observing RTE casts, the

cells are primarily:
A. Embedded in a clear matrix
B. Embedded in a granular matrix
C. Attached to the surface of a matrix
D. Stained by components of the urine
filtrate
38. The presence of fatty casts is
associated with:
A. Nephrotic syndrome
injuries
C. Diabetes mellitus
above

B. Crush
D. All of the

42. All of the following contribute to

the formation of
urinary crystals except:
A. Protein concentration
B. ph
C. Solute concentration
D. Temperature

45. All of the following crystals

routinely polarize except:
A. Uric acid
B. Cholesterol
C. Radiographic dye
D. Cystine
46. Differentiation between casts and
fibers can usually
be made using:
A. Solubility characteristics
B. Patient history
C. Polarized light
D. Fluorescent light
47. Match the following crystals seen
in acidic urine with
their description/identifying
characteristics:
____Amorphous urates
Envelopes
____Uric acid
needles
____Calcium oxalate
Yellow-brown,
monhydrate
whetstone
____Calcium oxalate
Pink sediment
Dehydrate
Ovoid

1.
2. Thin
3.

4.
5.

43. The most valuable initial aid for

the identification of
crystals in a urine specimen is:
A. ph
B. Solubility
C. Staining
D. Polarized microscopy

48. Match the following crystals seen

in alkaline urine
with their description/identifying
characteristics:

44. Crystals associated with severe

liver disease include
all of the following except:

____Triple phosphate
Yellow granules
____Amorphous phosphate
Thin prisms
____Calcium phosphate
Coffin lids
____Ammonium biurate
Dumbbell shape

A. Bilirubin
B. Leucine
C. Cystine
D. Tyrosine

1.
2.
3.
4.

____Calcium carbonate
5.
White-precipitate
6. Thorny
apple
49. Match the following abnormal
crystals with their
description/identifying characteristics:
____Cystine
____Tyrosine
____Cholesterol
clumps
____Leucine
____Ampicillin

1. Bundles following
refrigeration
2. Highly alkaline pH
3. Bright yellow

4. Hexagonal plates
5. Flat plates, high
specific gravity
____Radiographic 6. Concentric circles,
radial
dye
striations
____Bilirubin
7. Notched corners
8. Fine needles seen
in liver
Disease
50. Match the following types of
microscopy with their
descriptions:
____Bright-field
____Phase
split light into two
____Polarized
index objects

1. Indirect light is
reflected off the
object
2. Objects
beams
3. Low refractive

may be overlooked
____Dark-field
4. Threedimensional images
____Fluorescent 5. Forms halo of
light around
object
____Interference 6. Detects electrons
emitted
contrast from
objects
7. Detects specific
wavelengths of light
emitted from objects