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Nutt Chanchalit No.

5705320

The Cairo Spring


Abstract
The term Cairo Spring presumably refers to The Egyptian Revolution of 2011,
locally known as the January 25 Revolution, which is a revolutionary wave of demonstrations
and protests, riots, and civil wars in Cairos Tahrir Square. It was part of the Arab Spring.
What causes this revolution? How do the riots protest Mubarak government? What are the
results of this revolution? These questions will be answered in further discussion.

Introduction
The uprisings in Tunisia, known as Jasmine Revolution, have dispelled illusions about
the durability of the prevailing governance system. Long-entrenched authoritarian leader has
been forced to give way to popular pressure for change. Following the ouster of Tunisian
president Ben Ali, on 25 January 2011, the protests erupted throughout Egypt, with tens of
thousands gathering in Cairo and thousands more in other Egyptian cities, resulting in
overthrow of Mubarak government, in which we refer this protest to The Cairo Spring.

Causes
Police brutality - In the five years before the revolution, the Mubarak regime denied the
existence of torture or abuse by police. However, claims by domestic and international groups
provided cellphone videos or first-hand accounts of hundreds of cases of police brutality. In
numerous trials defendants alleged that police tortured them during questioning. There was
no indication that the government investigated either case.
State-of-emergency law - According to this controversial law, during a state of emergency,
police powers are extended, constitutional rights are suspended, censorship is legalized and
non-governmental political activities are limited. It permits indefinite detention without trial
and hearings of civilians by military courts, prohibits gatherings of more than five people,
and limits speech and association. This law is decades-old, yet was renewed every 3 years.
Electoral fraud - The government defraud the vote counts to bring about an election result.
Corruption - Anti-corruption measures were serving Mubarak's political agenda.
Unemployment
Food price rises
Low wages
Arab Spring The successful Jasmine Revolution resulted in uprousing of the protesters in
Egypt. Two million people were gathering in Cairo to make a revolution.

Nutt Chanchalit No.5705320

The Cairo Spring


Methods
Civil disobedience - Protesters refused to obey unjust laws and demands of a government.
Civil resistance - It is a nonviolent civil disobedience.
Demonstrations
Internet activism - The use of social media to deliver information for activism.
Riots
Self-immolation - Protesters suicide to protest the government.
Strike action - A work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work.

Conclusions
As the result, the military took the power to govern Egypt from its departing President
Hosni Mubarak. Moreover, the state-of-emergency law has been lifted and the democratic
election started again. But there are still protest and revolutions till nowadays.

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