Mapua Institute of Technology

Department of Physics

Experiment 205
HOOKES LAW

Name: Salazar, Abigail B.

Program/Year: CE-2
Course
PHY11L/A1

Code/

Section:

Student No.: 2012101116

Group no.: 03

GRADE

Seat No.: 15

Date of Performance: November 17, 2014

Date of Submission: Novermber 24, 2014

Ramil R. Jimenez
Instructor

DATA and OBSERVATIONS

TABLE 1A. Determining the Force Constant
of the Spring
TRIAL Mass
(kg)

Force

Displace- Force Constant

(N)

ment

(N/m)
5.444 N/m

0.015

0.147

(m)
0.027

kg
0.025

N
0.245

m
0.046

5.326 N/m

kg
0.035

N
0.343

m
0.064

5.359 N/m

kg
0.045

N
0.441

m
0.084

5.250 N/m

kg

m
average

slope of the line

% difference

5.345
5.250 N/m
1.793 %

TABLE 1B. Determining the Force Constant

of the Spring

TRIAL

Mass

Force

Displace- Force Constant

(kg)

(N)

ment

(N/m)
10.500 N/m

0.015

0.147

(m)
0.014

kg
0.025

N
0.245

m
0.023

10.652 N/m

kg
0.035

N
0.343

m
0.030

11.430 N/m

kg
0.045

N
0.441

m
0.042

10.500 N/m

kg

m
average

slope of the line

% difference

10.771
10.500 N/m
2.548 %

TABLE 2. Determining the Work Done on the

Spring
TRIAL

Final

Average

Work

Displaceme

force

(Joule)

Table
1A
Table

nt (m)
0.084 m

constant (N/m)
5.250

0.019

0.042 m

(N/m)
10.500

J
0.009

(N/m)

1B
Area under
TRIAL

the graph F

% difference

Table

vs. x graph
0.019

0.00 %

1A
Table

J
0.009

0.00 %

1B

Sample Computation
Table 1A. Determining the Force Constant of the
Spring
Trial 1

m = 0.015 kg
(x) = 0.027 m
Force constant = K = F/x

0.147 N
0.027 m

Displacement
F = 0.147 N

K= 5.444 N/m
Average Force Constant

5.444 +5.326+5.359+5.250
4

Average Force Constant = 5.345 N/m

Slope of Line

F 4F 0 0.4410
=
X 4 X 0 0.0840

Slope of line = 5.250 N/m

difference=

5.3455.25
x 100=1.793
5.345+5.25
2

Table 1B. Determining the Force Constant of the

Spring
Trial 1
m = 0.015 kg
(x) = 0.014 m
Force constant = K = F/x

Displacement
F = 0.147 N

0.147 N
0.0 14 m

K= 10.500 N/m
Average Force Constant

10.500+10.652+11.430+ 10.500
4

Average Force Constant = 10.771 N/m

Slope of Line

F 4F 0 0.4410
=
X 4 X 0 0.0420

Slope of line = 10.500 N/m

difference=

10.77110.500
x 100=2.548
10.771+10.500
2

Table 2. Determining the work done on the spring

Table 1A
Final Displacement = 0.084 m
Ave. Force constant = 5.25 N/m
1
2
2
Work= k ave ( x 4 x 0)
2

1
(5.25 ) (0.0842 02)
2

Work = 0.019 J

1
Area under the graph= ( x 4 x 0 ) ( F 4 F 0 )
2
1
( 0.0840 ) ( 0.4410 )
2

Area under the graph = 0.019

difference=

0.0190.019
x 100=0.00
0.019+0.019
2

Table 2B
Final Displacement = 0.042 m
Ave. Force constant = 10.500 N/m
1
Work= k ave ( x 24 x 20)
2

1
(10.500 ) (0.042202 )
2

Work = 0.009 J
1
Area under the graph= ( x 4 x 0 ) ( F 4 F 0 )
2
1
( 0.0420 ) ( 0.4410 )
2

Area under the graph = 0.009

difference=

0.0090.009
x 100=0.00
0.009+0.009
2

ANALYSIS
1.
Which method (ballistic method or
trajectory method) is more accurate in
determining the initial speed of the ball?
Defend your answer.
In determining the initial speed of the ball, I can
say that the ballistic method is more accurate
than the trajectory method. In ballistic method,
we only need to determine the increase in the
height of the pendulum and then compute the
initial velocity and that it will give us a more
accurate result unlike the trajectory method
where we can have errors in finding the

horizontal displacement since we are only using a

meter stick.

2.
In Part 1 of the experiment, is the total
momentum of the system conserved?
Explain.

Yes, the total momentum of the system is

conserved. In part 1, the ballistic method is an
example of an inelastic collision. The law of
conservation states that in an inelastic collision,
the total momentum of the system is always
conserved.

3.
In Part 1 of the experiment, when is the
total energy of the system not conserved?
When is the total energy of the system
conserved?

The total energy of the system is conserved

during the collision. The total momentum before
an inelastic collision is the same as after the
collision. Since what is asked is the total energy
not the total kinetic energy, the total energy is

conserved because the total kinetic energy

before and after the inelastic collision is different.
Of course this does not mean that total energy
has not been conserved, rather the energy has
been transformed into another type of energy.

CONCLUSION:

1.
What
causes
the
momentum of the system to change?

total

The law of conservation of momentum is very

useful in the analysis of collisions and explosions

as it can be used to calculate the velocities of a

body or bodies before and after the collision.
Since
momentum
is
a
conserved
quantity, external forces such as air resistance
are the one that causes the total momentum of a
system to change.

2.
When the total momentum of the system
is conserved, is the total energy of the
system conserved as well? Explain.
Yes, both the energy and the momentum of the
system are conserved. In an
elastic collision,
both kinetic energy and momentum is conserved.
In an inelastic collision, the total momentum is
also conserved but the total kinetic energy is
not. An inelastic collision is usually accompanied
by deformation of one or both bodies. This
requires energy thus; the total energy is
conserved but not necessarily the kinetic energy.
3.
Is the total momentum of the system
conserved in all kinds of collisions? Explain.

Yes, the total momentum of the system in all

kinds of collisions is conserved. The law of
conservation of momentum states that the total

momentum of the system before collision is equal

to the total momentum of the system after
collision. Also, it states that in an elastic collision,
both energy and momentum is conserved. In an
inelastic collision, the total momentum is
conserved but total kinetic energy is not
conserved the kinetic energy is transformed into
other kinds of energy.

RESEARCH/APPLICATIONS:
1. Excepting very small losses due to friction and
heat transfer, momentum is conserved in cue
sport such as pool (break-off shot). When one
ball hits another and is stopped, all its momentum
has, in effect, been transferred to the other ball. If,
however, it is deflected rather than stopped, its
momentum is shared between the two balls.

2. Using the impulse-momentum theorem: When

collision happens, people in the car will have a

amount of momentum to make sure their bodies
want to keep moving forward. In order to stop
them from getting harm, air bags are used to extend
the time required to get the enough amount ff
impulse to reduce the momentum for a stop

3. The conservation of linear momentum is reflected

in operations as simple as the recoil of a rifle when
it is fired, and in those as complex as the propulsion
of a rocket through space. In accordance with the
conservation of momentum, the momentum of a
system must be the same after it undergoes an
operation as it was before the process began. Before
firing, the momentum of a rifle and bullet is zero,
and therefore, the rifle-bullet system must return
to that same zero-level of momentum after it is fired.
Thus, the momentum of the bullet must be matched
and "cancelled" within the system under study
by a corresponding backward momentum.

http://www.scienceclarified.com/everyday/Real-Life-Chemistry-Vol-3Physics-Vol-1/Momentum-Real-life-applications.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum
http://www.scienceclarified.com/everyday/Real-Life-Chemistry-Vol-3Physics-Vol-1/Conservation-Laws-Real-life-applications.html