UNIT -1: BEARINGS

1. a) Distinguish between hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings with

sketches.
b) Discuss different bearing materials and give their specific applications.
2. a) Explain wedge film lubrication with sketches.
b) Find the Rating life of a light series deep grove ball bearing of 50 mm
bore with inner
race rotating; The bearing rotates at 60 rpm under a radial load of
6800N and has no
shock loads.
3.

(a) Explain the terms:

i.
Bearing characteristic number
ii.
Bearing modulus
(b) Design a journal bearing required to resist a radial load of 8kN. The
oil used has a
viscosity of 0.0087kg/m-s at the operating temperature of 80 0 C.
Shaft speed is 720
rpm. Bearing diametral clearance may be assumed as 0.00025mm
per mm
diameter, and ambient temperature is 30 0C. If heat radiating capacity
of the bearing
is 150N-m /sec/m2 of projected area of bearing per 0C; determine
whether artificial
cooling is necessary.

4,

(a) What is a babbit alloy?

(b) Design a journal bearing for centrifugal pump for the following data.
Load on the journal = 12 kN
Diameter of the journal = 75 mm
Speed = 1440 rpm
Atmosphere temperature = 160 C
Operating temperature of oil = 60 0 C
Absolute viscosity of oil at 60oC = 23 centipoise

5,

(a) Explain the principle of hydrodynamic lubrication.

(b) Select a single row deep groove ball bearing for a radial load of
4000N and an axial load
of 5000 N, operating at a speed of 1600r.p.m for an average life of
5 years at 10 hours per day. Assume uniform and steady load.
6.

(a) What do you understand by static load capacity of a bearing?

(b) The operating schedule of a ball bearing is as follows.

Radial load of 1650 N at 2000 rpm for 5% of lifetime
Radial load of 1140 N at 3300 rpm for 15% of time
Radial load of 560 N at 1750 rpm for 35% of time and
Radial load of 445 N at 2200 rpm for 45% of time
The inner ring rotates and loads are steady. The life is to be 10 years
at 2
hours per day operation. Select a suitable ball bearing.

UNIT 2: Pistons, cylinders

1. Design and sketch a cast iron piston for a single acting four stroke IC
engine with a 0.14 m
cylinder bore 0.19 m stroke and 0.375 m connecting rod length. The
maximum gas pressure
is 3.5 N/mm2 and the engine speed is 600 rpm. It develops a brake
mean effective pressure
of 0.7 N/mm2 and uses 4.65 kJ/kW per second. Check the piston for heat
flow.
2. A) Explain the function and construction of an I/C engine piston with
sketches.
b) Discuss the materials used for making these pistons.
3. (a) What is the function of Skirt?
(b) What is the function of piston pin?
(c) Design an aluminum alloy piston for a single acting four stroke engine
for the
following data:
Cylinder bore = 400mm
Cylinder bore = 400mm
Stroke = 375mm
gas pressure = 9 M Pa
Break mean effective pressure = 2MPa
Fuel consumption = 0.22kg/kW/hr
Speed =50rev/min.
4. Design a piston, piston rings and gudgeon pin for a single four stroke
engine for
the following given data :
Cylinder bore = 150mm
Stroke = 130mm
Maximum gas pressure = 6MPa
b.m.e.p = 0.7MPa
Fuel consumption = 0.15kg/brake kW/hr
Speed = 2000rpm
5. Explain the function of the following. On what basis are they designed?

i) piston crown
ii) piston rings
iii) cylinder liner
iv) side wall of piston

UNIT -3: CONNECTING ROD & CRANK SHAFT

1. Check the suitability of I-section 15mm 12mm 3mm for designing the
con necting rod in the case of single cylinder motor cycle engine of 40 mm
bore and 50 mm stroke wherein the maximum pressure produced is 3.6
Mpa and in which the connecting rod is 4 times crank.
2. Design a center crankshaft for a single acting 175175 mm air
compressor working at 360-rpm .The maximum pressure on the cylinder is
70N/sq.mm. Select suitable material and factor of safety
3. (a) Explain the design consideration for the big end and small end of
connecting rod.
(b) What are the materials of the piston pin bearings and the crank pin
bearings? Explain.
4

Following data refers to 4-stroke cycle diesel engine cylinder

Cylinder bore = 0. 15 m
Stroke = 0.1875 m
Speed = 1200 rpm
Maximum gas pressure = 5.6 Mpa Determine
(a) The dimensions of an I-section connecting rod of forged steel with an
elastic
limit compressive stress of 350 Mpa. The ratio of length of connecting rod
to
the length of crank is 4 and factor of safety is 5
(b) The wrist pin and crank pin dimensions on the basis of the bearing
pressure
of 10.5 Mpa and 6.5 Mpa.

5. Enumerate the design procedure for the connecting rod section

considering it as a simple compression or tension member subjected to
fluctuating load. How do you justify an I-section for it?

6.

The over hung crank of an engine having a cylinder diameter of 250 mm

and stroke 400 mm. The connecting rod is 5 times crank, the maximum
explosion pressure in the cylinder is 1.7 MPa and engine runs at 200 rpm.
Assuming a suitable stress for the material, design the-over hung crank.
Also calculate the maximum stress in the crank arm when the crank is at
300 to the I.D.C position and the gas pressure is 0.8 MPa. Take modulus of
section for rectangular section as 0.269bt2.

UNIT 4: Curved Beams

1. A ring made of 2.5 cm diameter steel bar carries a pull of 10 KN. Calculate the
maximum tensile and compressive stresses in the material of the ring. The mean
radius of the ring is 15 cm.
2.

3.

4.

5.

6.