Sets of numbers, estimation, % error

1.

[102 marks]

The sets P , Q and U are defined as

[6 marks]

U = {Real Numbers} , P = {Positive Numbers} and Q = {Rational Numbers}.

Write down in the correct region on the Venn diagram the numbers
22
7

3
, 5 102 , sin(60 ) , 0 ,
8 , .

Consider c = 5200 and d = 0.0000037.

2a. Write down your value of r in the form a 10k, where 1 a < 10 and k Z.

[2 marks]

Consider c = 5200 and d = 0.0000037.

2b. Consider the following statements about c, d and r. Only three of these statements are true.

Circle the true statements.

[3 marks]

3.

The Venn diagram shows the number sets N , Z, Q and R . Place each of the following numbers in the appropriate region of the [6 marks]
Venn diagram.
1
,
4

4.

3, , cos 120, 2.7 103, 3.4 102

Consider the numbers 3, 5 , 7, 23 and 1.75.

Complete the table below, placing a tick (
been completed as an example.

[6 marks]

) to show which of the number sets, N,Q and R these numbers belong to. The first row has

U is the set of all the positive integers less than or equal to 12.
A , B and C are subsets of U .
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12}
B = {odd integers}
C = {5, 6, 8}
5.

List the elements of B .

[1 mark]

U = {x|x is an integer, 2 < x < 10}

A and B are subsets of U such that A = {multiples of 3}, B = {factors of 24}.
6.

List the elements of

(i) U ;
(ii) B .

[2 marks]

Five pipes labelled, 6 metres in length, were delivered to a building site. The contractor measured each pipe to check its length (in metres)
and recorded the following;
5.96, 5.95, 6.02, 5.95, 5.99.
7a. (i) Find the mean of the contractors measurements.

[3 marks]

(ii) Calculate the percentage error between the mean and the stated, approximate length of 6 metres.

Five pipes labelled, 6 metres in length, were delivered to a building site. The contractor measured each pipe to check its length (in metres)
and recorded the following;
5.96, 5.95, 6.02, 5.95, 5.99.

7b. Calculate 3.875 8.730.5 , giving your answer

[3 marks]

(i) correct to the nearest integer,

(ii) in the form a 10k , where 1 a < 10, k Z .
8a. Write down the following numbers in increasing order.

3.5, 1.6 10

19

[3 marks]
6

, 60730, 6.073 10 , 0.006073 10 , , 9.8 10

18

8b. State which of the numbers in part (a) is irrational.

9.

Consider the numbers 2, 3, 23 and the sets N , Z, Q and R .

[1 mark]

[3 marks]

Complete the table below by placing a tick in the appropriate box if the number is an element of the set, and a cross if it is not.

10. Consider the numbers 3, 6, 2 1 , , 5, and the sets N , Z, and Q. Complete the following table by placing a tick in the
2

[6 marks]

appropriate box if the number is an element of the set.

Given that z =

12 cos(A)
4q+r

and that A = 60 , q = 8 and r = 32;

11a. Write your answer to part (a) correct to 2 decimal places.

[1 mark]

11b. Write your answer to part (a) correct to three significant figures.

11c. Write your answer to part (a) in the form a 10k , where 1 a < 10, k Z .

[1 mark]

[2 marks]

Consider the following four numbers.

p = 0.00314 ; q = 0.00314 102 ; r = 1000

; s = 3.14 102

12a. One of these numbers is written in the form a 10k where 1 a < 10 and k Z. Write down this number.

[1 mark]

12b. Write down the value of q + s.

[1 mark]

12c. Give your answer to part (c) in the form a 10k where 1 a < 10 and k Z.

[2 marks]

The length, in cm, of six baseball bats was measured. The lengths are given below.
104.5, 105.1, 104.8, 105.2, 104.9, 104.9
13a. Write your answer to part (a) in the form a 10k where 1 a < 10 and k Z.

[2 marks]

13b. Marian calculates the mean length and finds it to be 105 cm.

[2 marks]

Calculate the percentage error made by Marian.

Ross is a star that is 82 414 080 000 000 km away from Earth. A spacecraft, launched from Earth, travels at 48 000 kmh1 towards Ross.
14a. Give your answer to part (a) in years. (Assume 1 year = 365 days)

[2 marks]

14b. Give your answer to part (b) in the form a10k, where 1 a < 10 and k Z.

[2 marks]

Given p = x

y
z

, x = 1.775 , y = 1.44 and z = 48 .

15a. Barry first writes x , y and z correct to one significant figure and then uses these values to estimate the value of p .

[2 marks]

15b. Calculate the percentage error in Barrys estimate of the value of p .

[2 marks]

(i) Write down x , y and z each correct to one significant figure.

(ii) Write down Barrys estimate of the value of p .

A satellite travels around the Earth in a circular orbit 500 kilometres above the Earths surface. The radius of the Earth is taken as 6400
kilometres.
16a. Calculate the distance travelled by the satellite in one orbit of the Earth. Give your answer correct to the nearest km.

[3 marks]

16b. Write down your answer to (b) in the form a 10k , where 1 a < 10, k Z .

[2 marks]

The planet Earth takes one year to revolve around the Sun. Assume that a year is 365 days and the path of the Earth around the Sun is the
circumference of a circle of radius 150000000 km.

17. Give your answer to part (a) in the form a 10k where 1 a 10 and k Z .

[2 marks]

A cuboid has the following dimensions: length = 8.7 cm, width = 5.6 cm and height = 3.4 cm.
18. Write your answer to part (b)(ii) in the form a 10k , where 1 a < 10,k Z.

[2 marks]

A shipping container is a cuboid with dimensions 16 m, 1 34 m and 2 23 m.

19. Jim estimates the dimensions of the container as 15 m, 2 m and 3 m and uses these to estimate the volume of the container.

[3 marks]

Calculate the percentage error in Jims estimated volume of the container.

S3
The volume of a sphere is V = 36
, where S is its surface area.
The surface area of a sphere is 500 cm2 .
20a. Calculate the volume of the sphere. Give your answer correct to two decimal places.

20b. Write down your answer to (a) correct to the nearest integer.

[3 marks]

[1 mark]

20c. Write down your answer to (b) in the form a 10n , where 1 a < 10 and n Z.

[2 marks]

In a television show there is a transparent box completely filled with identical cubes. Participants have to estimate the number of cubes in the
box. The box is 50 cm wide, 100 cm long and 40 cm tall.
21. The actual number of cubes in the box is 350.

[2 marks]

Find the percentage error in Joaquins estimated number of cubes in the box.

22a. Write down the area of the rectangle in the form a 10k, where 1 a < 10, k Z.

[3 marks]

22b. Helens estimate of the area of the rectangle is 1 600 000 m2 .

[3 marks]

Find the percentage error in Helens estimate.

A rectangle is 2680 cm long and 1970 cm wide.

23a. Find the perimeter of the rectangle, giving your answer in the form a 10k , where 1 a 10 and k Z.

[3 marks]

23b. Find the area of the rectangle, giving your answer correct to the nearest thousand square centimetres.

[3 marks]

The lengths (l) in centimetres of 100 copper pipes at a local building supplier were measured. The results are listed in the table below.

24. Sam estimated the value of the mean of the measured lengths to be 43 cm.

[2 marks]

Find the percentage error of Sams estimated mean.

25. Juan estimates the length of a carpet to be 12 metres and the width to be 8 metres. He then estimates the area of the carpet.

[3 marks]

(i) Write down his estimated area of the carpet.

When the carpet is accurately measured it is found to have an area of 90 square metres.
(ii) Calculate the percentage error made by Juan.

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