Project 2 Numerical Analysis (TA5011)

Graduate Program in Mining Engineering

Topic:

Permeable zone in underground mining (water pocket)

Objective:

Modeling using system of linear equations (SLE)

Modeling using system of non linear equations (SNE)
Modeling using system of ordinary difference equations (SODE)
Numerical method for SLE, SNE and SODE
Water balance
System dynamic
Application in mining engineering

Schedule:

14 days

Data:
At PTFI mining, some of karstic caverns or low RQD rock zones may present as
water pockets. They are hydraulically interconnected by fractures or permeable
zones, while some of others are not. When these water pockets are broken through
by drilling, big and sudden flowrate of water blows out from the drill hole and was
called by PTFI as rock burst. Some of water pockets that are hydraulically connected
with surface flow or water will supply unlimited GW recharge and have to be given an
attention. Following is a model of hydraulically interconnected water pockets.
A
E
Stream bed
B

WP 1

WP 3

WP 4

WP 2

Subsurface
drainage gallery

Figure. 1: Model of Hydraulic Connection between Stream, Water Pocket,

Fractures and Subsurface Drainage Gallery

Fractures can be modeled as or like pipes with following position of two end points:
Point

A
B
C
D

100
125
155
180

310
280
250
410

Z
(msl)
3748
3718
3645
3578

Point

E
F
G
H

434
376
380
395

402
392
393
394

Z
(msl)
3745
3675
3660
3573

Case 1: steady state flow storativity is disregarded

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Stream water depth at point A and E

:2m&3m
Fracture aperture (eh)
: 0.1 cm
Analog model diameter of fractures (D)
: 4 cm
Head loss factor of velocity within fractures
: 0.02
Kinematic viscousity of stream water ()
: 10-6 m2/sec
Gravity acceleration (g)
: 9.8 m/sec2
Unit mass of stream water ()
: 1010 Kg/m3
Head at D and H were assumed similar to the top of subsurface gallery

Assignment for case 1

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Compute length of fractures !

Determine estimated hydraulic conductivity of fractures !
Compute hydrostatic pressure at point A, B, C, E, F and G !
Compute flow velocity at point A, B, C, E, F and G !
Compute head at point A, B, C, E, F and G !
Compute flowrate at point D and H and total flowrate in subsurface drainage
gallery !

Case 2: unsteady state flow storativity is considered

o
o
o
o
o

Estimated area of water pocket 1, 2, 3 dan 4

: 0.5; 0.75; 0.6 dan 0.8 Ha
Temporal river water depth at point A and E
: 2 e-0.3t m dan 3 e-0.2t m
Initial head at each water pocket
: 3750, 3700, 3725, 3695 msl
Datum of each water pocket is roughly estimated at its respective level
Head at D and H were assumed similar to the top of subsurface gallery

Assignment for case 2

1.
2.
3.
4.

Compute temporal hydrostatic pressure at point B, C, F and G !

Compute temporal velocity at point A, B, C, E, F and G !
Compute temporal head at point B, C, F and G !
Compute temporal flowrate at point D and H dan temporal total flowrate in gallery !

Headnya = lewat numerik metode ITERASI,, setelah dapat headx kemudian menggunakan runge kutta.. (ini untuk
tiap2 head)