Nouns which lose an internal vowel in

Turkish
Apocopating NounsSome Examples of Possessive Adjectives being
addedSome Examples of Case Suffixes being addedA
Comprehensive Apocopating Noun List
Definition of grammar term: Apocopate
verb. - To cut off or drop; as, to Apocopate a word, or the last
letter, syllable, or part of a word.
adj. - Shortened by apocope ; as, an Apocopate form.

Apocopating Nouns
This is a comprehensive list of Turkish nouns which lose their final
vowel (apocopate) when a suffix which itself begins with a vowel
is added to the noun.
As an example: izin - leave, time of - becomes izn-im [NOT
izin-im] - my leave (ie the final vowel of the noun root is dropped
when adding a suffix which begins in a vowel.
Adding a vowel does afect the Noun
iznim - my leave - iznimden - [izn-im-den] - since my time
of..
The Final Vowel in the noun is lost when adding -im - my.. suffix
(which begins with a vowel)
Adding a consonant does NOT afect the Noun
izindeyim - [izin-de-yim] - I am on leave..
Here the vowel of izin is not lost as the first suffix -de begins with
a consonant.

Some Examples of Possessive Adjectives

being added
fikrimiz - our idea - from fikir
keyfi - his/her joy - from keyif
olum - my son - from oul
boynu - his neck - from boyun
nakdi - his transport - from nakit
ahdi - his injunction - from ahit
In the last two examples above that the final consonant -t has
Mutated to its soft form -d.

kayb - his loss - from - kayp also undergoes a softening of the

consonant -p to -b.
We can thus see that the rules of Consonant Mutation are still
observed in the reduced form of the noun. There are some words
in this list which do not soften their root vowel as they may be
considered (a) Single Syllable Words or (b) Foreign Word Imports.
As an example we cite: vakit (arb.) - time, occasion - which
becomes - vaktim - my time

Some Examples of Case Suffixes being

added
Mehmet filmi seyretmi - It seems Mehmet watched the
film - (film-i)
Here the Direct Object suffix -i affects the noun - filim - film
Ali'nin aln terliyor - Ali's forehead is sweating - (Ali'nin aln)
Here the word - forehead - is in the Possessive Relationship which
affects the noun - aln - shortening it to aln-.
Note: That if we add a suffix which begins with a consonant, then
the root word retains its basic form:
azda - in the mouth
beyinden - from the brain
kayptan - from the loss
But of course the root word is shortened (apocopated) as stated
above, if the first added suffix begins with a vowel:
aznda - [az--nda] - in his mouth
beynimden - [beyn-im-den] - from my brain
kaybmzdan - [kayb-mz-dan] - from our loss

A Comprehensive Apocopating Noun List

Nouns which lose their final vowel from the root word. These
particular nouns are to be shortened before adding any suffixes
beginning with a vowel. This list is comprehensive to The Turkish
Language as far as we know.
Common Verbs - You can learn these words individually on this
page below:

individual words (73)

Basic
Noun
Aciz
Az
Ahit
Akl
Akit
Akis
Aln
Asl
Asr
Azim
Bar
Bahis
Beyin
Boyun
Burun
Cisim
Crm
Defin
Devir
Ecir
Emir
Fasil
Fetih
Fikir
Geniz
Gs
Gnl
Hacim
Haciz
Hapis
Hasm
Hazm
Hm
Hzn
lim

Direct Object
Form
Aczi - (NOT acizi)
Az
Ahdi
Akl
Akti
Aksi
Aln
Asl
Asr
Azmi
Bar
Bahsi (Bahse
girmek)
Beyni
Boynu
Burnu
Cismi
Crm
Defni
Devri
Ecri
Emri
Fasli
Fethi
Fikri
Genzi
Gs
Gnl
Hacmi
Haczi
Hapsi
Hasm
Hazm
Hm
Hzn
lmi

Basic Meaning
Impotence
Mouth
Injunction
Intelligence
Treaty
Reflection
Forehead
Origin
Century
Determination
Bosom
Bet, Wager - (to make a bet)
Brain
Neck
Nose
Substance, matter, object
Crime
Burial
Period
Reward/Wage
Order ; Command
Part, chapter
Conquest
Idea
Nostril
Breast
Heart/Desire
Volume
Distraint, confiscation, seizure
Prison
Enemy, foe, rival
Digestion
Rage/Anger
Grief
Science

sim
zin
Kadir
Kahr
Karn

smi
zni
Kadri
Kahr
Karn

Kast

Kast

Kayn
Kayp
Kesir
Keif
Keyif
Ksm
Metin
Nabz
Nakil
Nakit
Nazm
Nefis
Nesir

Kayn
Kayb
Kesri
Kefi
Keyfi
Ksm
Metni
Nabz
Nakli
Nakdi
Nazm
Nefsi
Nesri

Neir

Neri

Nutuk
Oul
Resim
Sabr
Sath
Seyir
Skt
ehir
ekil
kr
Tavr
Ufuk
Vakit

Nutku
Olu
Resmi
Sabr
Sath
Seyri
Skt
ehri
ekli
kr
Tavr
Ufku
Vakti

Vasf

Vasf

Zehir
Zihin
Zulm

Zehri
Zihni
Zulm

Name
Leave/Time of
Worth/Value
Anxiety
Stomach
Intention, purpose,
deliberatness
Brother-in-law
Loss
Fraction (in maths)
Discovery
Pleasure
Part (of)
Text
Pulse
Transport
Cash
Verse, poetry
Self, personality
Prose
Publication, edition,
broadcasting
Speech, oration
Son
Picture
Patience
Superficie, plane
Motion
Miscarriage
City
Form/Shape
Gratitude
Mode/Manner
Horizon
Time, occasion
Characteristic, qualification,
quality
Poison
Intellect
Tyranny, cruelty

Many of these words - especially the parts of the body like burun
- nose becomes burnum - my nose and beyin - brain becomes
beynim - my brain etc. are in constant daily use therefore time
should be taken to learn some of this list's common words.
Last but not least, a small hint in Turkish - for the word "ehir"
itself, we perform the vowel loss; however, for the words
"Eskiehir", "Nevehir" (which are actually cities in Turkey), we say
"Eskiehir'e gidiyorum" or "Nevehir'imiz ok gzel", without using
vowel loss. These are proper nouns (zel isim).