Turkish Language - The Demonstratives "this and that"

The Simple Form - "this and that, these and those" "bu - this, this
here""u - that, that there""o - that over there"Turkish has two
words for - "that"Let's get nastyExtended FormsThe suffix "-ca concerning"Suffixed DemonstrativesExamples of Extended
FormsAdverbial Forms
These are called Demonstrative Pronouns and Adjectives because
they demonstrate which item is being mentioned

The Simple Form - "this and that, these and

those"
bu - this (here) or this (which was just mentioned)
bunlar - these
u - that (nearby) or that (which follows on)
unlar - those (nearby)
o - that (over there, yonder)
onlar - those (over there)
bu kedi - this cat
u fincan - that cup
o adam - that man over there
The Demonstrative Pronouns and Adjectives - this, that, that
yonder - use buffer letter -n- when adding further suffixes as the
examples show below:.

"bu - this, this here"

The Singular Forms
bu - this
buna - to this
bunun - of this
bunu - this (object)
bunda - in/on/at this
bundan - from this
bununla - with this

The Plural Forms

bunlar - these
bunlara - to these
bunlarn - of these
bunlar - these (obj.)
bunlarda - in/etc. these
bunlardan - from these
bunlarla - with these

"u - that, that there"

The Singular Forms

The Plural Forms

u - that
una - to that
unun - of that
unu - that (object)
unda - in/on/at that
undan - from that
ununla - with that

unlar - those
unlara - to those
unlarn - of those
unlar - those (obj.)
unlarda - on those
unlardan - from those
unlarla - with those

"o - that over there"

The Singular Forms
o - that yonder
ona - to that
onun - of that
onu - that (object)
onda - in/on/at that
ondan - from that
onunla - with that

The Plural Forms

onlar - those yonder
onlara - to those
onlarn - of those
onlar - those (obj.)
onlarda - on those
onlardan - from those
onlarla - with those

Turkish has two words for - "that"

(1) u - signifies something near by OR something between the
speakers.
It also means - that which follows - eg. u tavsiye - the
following recommendation.

Let's get nasty

Care must be taken using - u - and its extensions as it is also
used in a derogatory sense (according to context) - see below.
u adama bakn! - Look at that bloke!
unu istemedim - I didn't want that! - (damn thing)
u herif kim? - Who the hell is that fellow? - (herif - "fellow,
guy, bloke")
(2) O - signifies items far away or which does not lie between the
speakers.
O - is often used for descriptions of happenings in foreign
countries and cities.
When adding any suffixes including the plural suffix -lar buffer

letter -n- is always used with the Demonstratives - thus forming

-nlar as the Plural Suffix.

Extended Forms
These extended suffixed forms show the use of the buffer -nwhich is always used with the demonstrative.

The suffix "-ca - concerning"

This is used with the Demonstrative Pronoun to produce - bunca all this, bunlarca - all these, onca - all that, onlarca - all
those. Although - unca - or - unlarca - are not normally in use
- however - it is sometimes used disparagingly. However, in
Turkish it could be used to despise something in quantity or
magnitude , or someone in muscular power. For instance, if
someone has a small wound due to some reason and complaining
too much about it then you could say - unca/uncacik, yaradan
lmezsin - You won't die from such a small wound (surely
not..!.)
bunca and onca are plural and they take a singular object.
bunca kedi, onca kedi - all these/those cats - is similar to Bu
kediler , o kediler. - theses cats, those cats.
Thanks to Onur stnel for the notes above. - Jan 2007

Suffixed Demonstratives
These extended suffixed forms show the use of the buffer -nwhich is always used with the demonstrative.
The Singular Forms
that
this
bunu
unu
nearby
(Obj.)
(Obj.)
to that
buna
to this una
nearby
from
from that
bundan
undan
this
nearby
bunda
in/on/at unda
in/on/at
this
that

that
onu
yonder
(Obj.)
to that
ona
yonder
from that
ondan
yonder
onda
in/on/at
that

nearby
(unca (Lacking)
Not used)
The Plural Forms
those
these
bunlar
unlar
(nearby)
(Obj.)
(Obj.)
to those
bunlara to these unlara
(nearby)
bunca

all this

onca

yonder
all that
yonder

those
onlar (yonder)
(Obj.)
to those
onlara
(yonder)
from
bunlard from
from those onlard
unlardan
those
an
these
(nearby)
an
(yonder)
bunlard in/on/at
in/on/at
onlard in/on/at
unlarda
a
these
those
a
those
(unlarca all those
bunlarca all these
(Lacking) onlarca
Not used)
(yonder)

Examples of Extended Forms

bu ne? - what's this?
Bu bir byk kedi - This is a big cat.
Bunca kedi uzun kuyruklu(dur). - All these cats are long
tailed
Btn bu kediler uzun kuyrukludur. - All these cats are long
tailed
u ne? - what is that (just there)?
u bir gazete - that is a newspaper
Onca gazete dnknn. - All those newspapers are
yesterday's.
Btn o gazeteler dnknn.. - All those newspapers are
yesterday's.
o ne? - what is that over there?
o bir dergi - that is a magazine
Bunlarca dergi - All these are magazines.
bunlar ne? - what are these?
bunlar yeil elma. - these (ones) are green apples.
unlar ne? - what are those?
unlar beyaz evler. - those are white houses.

onlar kim? - who are those (people) over there?

onlar gen kzlar. - those (people) are young girls.
Onlarca kzlar gen. - All those girls are young.
buna bakar msnz? - would you look after this? - [-a
bakmak = to look after, take temporary care of..]
bunlara bakar msnz? - would you look after these?
ona bakar msnz? - would you look after that?
onlara bakar msnz? - would you look after those?

Adverbial Forms
The are further derivations of - bu, u, o - which have produced
the words - byle, yle, yle - the meanings are a follows:
byle - In this way/thus
yle - like this/ that
yle - such as that/like that
The -ce suffix can also be added to form adverbs:
bylece - In this way/thus
ylece - such as that/like that
Byle bir i yapmayn! - Don't do anything like that!
Bylece onu yapn! - Do it this way..
yle byle - like this, like that - (as French - comme ci
comme a)
This can be given as an answer when asked - How are you? - [ie.
I'm up and down, I'm getting on OK etc..]
yle bir ya yad ki.. - There was such a downpour that..
The "Formula Speak" - yle mi? - is also used a lot when listening
with apparent disbelief to some one describing events. It means
something like - Well I never, Go on then, Really?? - This
formula is used a lot in normal daily conversation.