Physics Pahang

SULIT
960/2
SEPTEMBER 2008
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN
SIJIL TINGGI PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
NEGERI PAHANG DARUL MAKMUR
PHYSICS
PAPER 1
One hour and fourty-five minutes
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

There are fifty questions in this paper. For each question, four suggested answers are given.
Choose one correct answer and indicate it on the multiple-choice answer sheet provided.
Read the instructions on the multiple-choice answer sheet very carefully.
Answer all questions. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers.
A Data Booklet is provided.
Arahan kepada calon:

JANGAN BUKA BUKU SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT
DEMIKIAN.
Ada lima puluh soalan dalam kertas ini. Bagi setiap soalan, empat cadangan jawapan
diberikan. Pilih satu jawapan yang betul dan tandakan jawapan itupada helaian jawapan aneka
pilihan yang dibekalkan.
Baca arahan pada helaian jawapan aneka pilihan itu dengan teliti.
Jawab semua soalan. Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.
Buku Data dibekalkan.
Pahang Trial STPM 2008

-1http://edu.joshuatly.com/
http://www.joshuatly.com/
1. Which of the following errors are systematic errors?

A
B
C
D
Zero errors
Parallax errors
Errors caused by non-uniformity in shape
Errors caused by changes in the surroundings
2. Which of the following pairs of physical quantities are vectors?

A work , momentum
B frequency , velocity
C displacement , torque
D moment of inertia, acceleration
3. The diagram below shows a block of mass m in contact with the ground and is
connected to another block of mass 3m by a string through a smooth pulley.
3m
h
m
If the block of mass m is released, what will be the speed of the block of mass 3m just
before it hits the ground?
A
2gh
3
gh
2 gh

6 gh
4. A body initially at rest was acted on by a force in the same direction. The magnitude of
the force F changes with time t as shown in the diagram below.
Which of the following graphs shows changes in the linear momentum p of the object with
time t?
T
A
T
B
T
D
T
C
5. A car of mass 1000 kg is moving with a constant speed of 20 m s-1 on a straight

horizontal road with an output power of 20 kW. If the output power is suddenly increased
to 60 kW, what is the acceleration of the car at this instant?
A 0.2 ms-2
B 0.3 ms-2
C 2.0 ms-2

D 3.0 ms-2
6. The diagram below shows a particle moving in a circle with constant speed 3.0 m s-1.
The centripetal force is 100 N. The diameter XY of the circle is 2.0 m.
The work done on the particle when it moves through the semicircle XPY is
A 0J
B 300 J
C 314 J
D 628 J
7.The diagram below shows a ball of mass m and radius r moving at a translational speed
u and rolling up an inclined plane without sliding. After reaching a height of h , the speed of
the ball is v.
h
u
If g is the acceleration of free fall and the moment of inertia of the ball about its rotation
axis is
2 2
mr , which expression is equal to h ?
3
[The effect of friction is negligible]
u2 v2
3g
u2 v2
2g
5(u 2 v 2 )
6g

r 2 (u 2 v 2 )
3g
8. A rigid body has rotational kinetic energy of 20 J and angular momentum 10 kg m2 s-1.
What is the angular velocity of the body?
A 0.5 rad s-1
B 1.0 rad s-1
C 2.0 rad s-1
D 4.0 rad s-1
9. The diagram shows a system of objects which are at equilibrium. The 10 kg cuboid is
almost slipping on the horizontal surface. What is the coefficient of static friction between
the cuboid and the horizontal surface?
30o
10kg
5kg
A 0.29
B 0.50
C 0.71
D 0.87
10. An object of mass m is raised from the earths surface to a height R where R is the
radius of the earth. If the mass of the earth is M and the gravitational constant is G, what is
the gain in potential energy of the object?
A
GmM
2R
GmM
2R
GmM
R
2GmM
R
11. Which of the following relationships below correctly relates the potential energy U,
kinetic energy T and the total energy E of a satellite?
A U = T = E
B U = 2T = 2 E
1
2
C U = T =
D U =T =
1
E
2
1
E
2

12.The graph below shows the variation of acceleration a with displacement x of a particle
performing a simple harmonic motion.
a/m s-2
0.6
x/m
0.02
-0.02
-0.6
The frequency of oscillation of the simple harmonic motion is

A 0.87 Hz
B 1.15Hz
C 4.77 Hz
D 34.41 Hz
13. Which of the statements below is true regarding damped oscillations systems?
A
B
C
D
The system does not oscillate at its natural frequency

When resonance occurs, the system does not loose energy
Damping causes the oscillating frequency to decrease
The oscillating amplitude is maximum when the forcing frequency is almost the same
as the natural frequency.
14. Two waves of the same frequency but having amplitudes 2a and 3a respectively
experienced interference. The ratio
1
5
4
9
amplitude at the point of destructive interference

is
amplitude at the point of constructive interference
C
2
3
3
2
15. If the level of intensity of a sound is raised by 10 dB, what is the ratio of the new sound
intensity to the original sound intensity?
A 0.1
B 1
C 10

D 1010
16.The transverse wave in a string is represented by the equation

y = 10 sin [ (x 0.2t)] ,
where x and y are measured in centimeters and t in seconds. The phase difference
between two points 0.2 cm apart on the wave is
A 0.11 rad
B 0.13 rad
C 0.20 rad
D 0.63 rad
17. A sound source is moving towards a stationary observer. If the source produces a
sound of velocity v and wavelength , what is the velocity and wavelength of the sound
detected by the observer?
Velocity
v
v
>v
>v
A
B
C
D
Wavelength
<
<
>
18. The graph below shows the change in potential energy U between two atoms of a solid
with the separation r of the atoms.
X
Which of the statements below is true regarding the atoms which are at the state
represented by the point X on the graph above?
A
B
C
D
The absolute temperature is zero

The total energy is zero
The potential energy is zero
The attractive force is maximum

19. Which of the following best shows the stiffness of a solid?

A Elastic limit
C Deformation point
B Youngs modulus
D Stress strength
20. The characteristic of a wire when stretched by a force is represented by the stressstrain graph below.
Stress
m
X
W
Strain
Which of the following is a false deduction from the graph above?

A The permanent deformation of o is obtained when the stress applied at point X
is removed.
B Atomic planes in the wire slides over one another when the wire is stretched from
X to Y
C The shaded area under the graph OW has the same value as the strain energy.
D When maximum stress m is applied, the wire begins to thin non-uniformly.

21. The graph below shows the change in pressure P with density of an ideal gas at
temperature T and 300 K.
P / Pa
1.5 x 105
300 K
-3
2.80 / kg m
2.00
What is the temperature T?

A 214 K
B 254 K
C 355 K
D 420 K
22.The most probable speed of the oxygen molecule at room temperature is 400 ms-1.
Which of the speeds given below, is most likely to be the r.m.s. speed of the oxygen
molecules at that temperature? [No calculations required]
A 80 ms-1
B 360 ms-1
C 400 ms-1
D 490 ms-1
23. The degree of freedom of the molecules of an ideal gas is the number of
A
B
C
D
ways in which the molecules can move randomly

independent ways in which the internal energy of the gas can change
independent ways in which the molecules can gain energy
independent ways in which the gas can expand or be compressed
24. Which of the equations below cannot be used for an adiabatic process of an ideal gas?
A dQ = 0
B pV = RT
C T V -1=constant
D pV= constant
25. Heat conduction in metals at room temperature is largely caused by

A
B
C
D
propagation of waves in conductors

absorption of free electrons in conductors
collisions between electrons and atoms
movement of high energy atoms in conductors

26 Which one of the following statements is true concerning the strength of the electric
field between two oppositely charged parallel plates?
A
B
C
D
It is zero midway between the plates.

It is a maximum midway between the plates.
It is a maximum near the positively charged plate.
It is constant between the plates except near the edges.
27 In the diagram shown below, the switch is first connected to P. The switch is then
connected to Q. What is the charge that remains in the 6 F capacitor when the switch
is connected to Q?
P
3F
12V
A 8 C
6F
B 12 C
C 24 C
D 72 C
28 A cell with e.m.f. 6.0 V and internal resistance, r = 2.0 is connected to three
resistors of values 2R, 6R and 6R as shown in the figure below.
E = 6.0 V
r = 2.0
6R
2R
Q
6R
If the potential difference across point P and point Q is 3.0 V, what is the value of R?
A 1.0
B 2.0
C 3.0
D 4.0
29 Determine the length of a copper wire that has a resistance of 0.172 and
cross-sectional area of 1x 10-4 m2. The resistivity of copper is 1.72 x 108 m.
A 10 m
B 100 m
C 1000 m

- 10 http://edu.joshuatly.com/
D 10000 m
30 Two long and parallel straight wires are separated by a distance r in vacuum. An
electric current flows through each wire in the same direction. The magnetic flux
density at the mid-point between the two wires is
A
o I
r
o I
2 r
2o I
r
D zero
31 A circular coil consists of 5 loops each of diameter 1.0 m. The coil is placed in an
external magnetic field of 0.5 T. When the coil carries a current of 4.0 A, a torque of
magnitude 3.93 N m acts on it.
Determine the angle between the normal to the plane of the coil and the direction of
the magnetic field.
A 30o
B 45
C 60o
D 90
32 A long, straight wire is in the same plane as a rectangular conducting loop. The wire
carries a constant current I as shown in the diagram below. Which one of the following
statements is true if the wire is suddenly moved toward the loop?
A
B
C
D
There will be no induced e.m.f. and no induced current.

There will be an induced e.m.f. but no induced current.
There will be an induced current that is clockwise around the loop.
There will be an induced current that is counterclockwise around the loop.
33 In an ideal transformer, the most important function of the soft iron core is
A
B
C
D
to reduce the eddy currents

to improve the flux-linkage between the primary and secondary coils
to dissipate the heat generated by the two coils
to eliminate the back e.m.f. produced in the two coils.
34 An alternating current I = Io sin 200 t is connected to a pure inductor. The variation of

the instantaneous power in this circuit with time is
A
B
C
D
sinusoidal with frequency 100 Hz.

constant.

35 What is the function of negative feedback in the operational amplifier?

A
B
C
D
To increase the input impedance.

To make the amplifier more stable.
To increase the gain.
To make the amplifier into non-inverting.
36 Which one of the following types of wave is intrinsically different from the other four?
A sound waves B gamma rays
C radio waves
D visible light
37 A converging lens of focal length f is placed 0.2 m from an object and an image is
produced on a screen 0.8 m from the lens. With the object and screen fixed, an image
of the object can also be formed on the screen by placing a converging lens of focal
length
A
B
C
D
f at a distance of 0.1 m from the screen

f at a distance of 0.2 m from the screen.
3f at a distance of 0.1 m from the screen.
3f at a distance of 0.2 m from the screen.
38 The diagram below shows an air wedge formed by two glass plate. Monochromatic
light of wavelength 600 nm is incident normally on it. Given y = 8.0 cm and separation
between dark fringes is 2 mm, determine the value of h.
monochromatic light
glass
h
y
A. 1.2 x 10-5 m
B 1.17 x 10-5 m
C 1.50 x 10-6 m
D 1.50 x 10-4 m
39 Youngs double slit experiment uses the same light source to illuminate the two slits.
This is necessary to ensure that light coming out from both slits have
A
B
C
D
the same speed.

a constant phase difference.
the same intensity.
the same frequency.

40 A ray of light consisting of two wavelengths 1 and 2 (2 > 1) is incident on a piece of

diffraction grating. The third order diffraction for 2 superimposes on subsequent order
diffraction image for 1 . What is the ratio of
A 0.5
B 0.75
1
?
2
C 1.3
D 1.5
41 An ultraviolet light source causes the emission of photoelectrons from a zinc plate. A
more intense light source of the same wavelength would give
A
B
C
D
the same number of photoelectrons each second with the same maximum energy.
the same number of photoelectrons each second with a greater maximum energy.
more photoelectrons each second with the same maximum energy.
more photoelectrons each second with a greater maximum energy.
42 A car with mass m possesses momentum of magnitude p. Which expression correctly

represents the kinetic energy, K, of the car in terms of m and p?
A
K=
p
2m
K=
mp
2
C K=
mp 2
2
D K=
p2
2m
43 An electron accelerated from rest through an electric potential of V has a de Broglie

wavelength of . Which of the following graphs represent the relationship between
and V?
1
V
A
1
V
B
1
V
C
1
V
D
44 According to the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom,

A the angular momentum of electrons in stable orbits is the same for all energy
levels.
B when the quantum number of the electron orbit increases, the angular
momentum decreases.
C the angular momentum in an excited state is higher than in the ground state.
D the angular momentum for the first three quantum levels are in the ratio of
1 : 1/4 : 1/9

45 The minimum wavelength for the continuous X-ray spectrum obtained from an X-ray
tube depends on
A
B
C
D
the mass of the target.

the electric potential across the anode and cathode.
the element of the target.
surface area of the target.
46 Which of the following is necessary for stimulated emission to occur in the production
of laser?
A
B
C
D
Population Inversion.
Light of high intensity.
Electron deceleration.
High potential difference.
47 The binding energy per nucleon may be used as a measure of the stability of a
nucleus. This quantity
A
B
C
D
falls to zero for heavy radioactive nuclides.

increases uniformly throughout the periodic table.
is a maximum for nuclides in the middle of the periodic table.
is directly proportional to the neutron / proton ratio of the nuclide.
48 At a particular instant, the count rate of a pure radioactive material detected by a

detector is 208 s-1 . Four minutes later, the count rate recorded decreases and
becomes 40 s-1 . The average background count rate in the absence of the radioactive
material is constant at 16 s-1. What is the half-life of the radioactive material?
A 30 s
B 40 s
C 60 s
D 80 s
49 The energy in the sun is obtained through the process of

A
B
C
D
liberation of energy from unstable nucleus.

nuclear fission of helium nucleus to from hydrogen nucleus.
the fission of uranium nucleus by neutrons.
the fusion of hydrogen nucleus to form helium nucleus.
50 A quark
A
B
C
D
has no mass.
is positively charged.
has fractional charge.
travels at the speed of light

NAMA :.
Tingkatan :
SULIT
960/2
SEPTEMBER 2008
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN
SIJIL TINGGI PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
NEGERI PAHANG DARUL MAKMUR
PHYSICS
PAPER 2
Two and a half hours
Instructions to candidates:
For examiner's use
Answer all the questions in Section A in the spaces provided. All working
must be shown. For calculations, relevant values of constants in the Data Booklet
must be used. For numerical answers, units must be quoted wherever they are
appropriate.
(Untuk kegunaan
pemeriksa)
1
2
Answer any four questions from Section B. For this section, write your
answers on the answer sheets provided. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of
paper, and arrange your answers in numerical order. Tie your answer sheets to
this booklet.
Answers may be written in either English or Malay.
A Data Booklet is provided.
3
4
5
6
7
Arahan kepada calon:
Jawab semua, soalan dalam Bahagian A dalam ruang yang disediakan.

Semua kerja mestilah ditunjukkan. Bagi penghitungan, nilai pemalar yang
berkaitan dalam Buku Data mestilah digunakan. Bagijawapan berangka, unit
mestilah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai.
10
11
12
Jawab mana-mana empat soalan daripada Bahagian B. Untuk bahagian ini,

tulis jawapan anda pada helaian jawapan yang dibekalkan. Mulakan setiap
jawapan pada helaian kertas yang baru, dan susunjawapan anda mengikut tertib
berangka. Ikat helaian jawapan anda bersama dengan buku soalan ini.
Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam bahasa Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu.
Buku Data dibekalkan.

http://edu.joshuatly.com/
13
14
Total
(Jumlah)
Section A [40 marks]

Answer all questions in this section
1
Fig. 1(a) shows a woman lifting a bowling ball of weight 60 N. Fig. 1 (b) represents a
mechanical model of the backbone of the woman where B represents her pivot point,
Tm is the tension in her back muscle , the force 60N represents the weight of the
bowling ball and the force 250 N represents the weight of her upper part of her body.
The force H and V are the horizontal and vertical components of the reaction force at
the pivot point respectively.
A
B
Figure 1
(a) Find the tension, Tm in her back muscle.
[2 marks]
(b) Determine the force H and V act in her spine when her back is horizontal.
[3 marks]

A uniform copper rod with thermal conductivity 380 W m-1 K-1 which is perfectly
insulated has a cross-sectional area of 2.50 cm2 and length 20.0 cm. Heat is
conducted by the copper rod. When the steady state is achieved, the
temperatures at the ends of the rod are 130 oC and 20 oC.
insulation
Copper rod
130 oC
20 oC
Figure 2
Calculate
(a)
the rate of heat flow in the rod.
[3 marks]
(b)
the temperature 15.0 cm from the hot end.
[2 marks]

Suppose a tunnel could be dug through the Earth from one side to the other
along a diameter as shown in Fig. 3. The average density of the Earth is given
as .
Earth
m
Tunnel
Figure 3
(a)
Figure 3 shows that the motion of a particle m dropped into the tunnel
is simple harmonic motion where
4 G
, where G is the universal gravitational constant.
3
[3 marks]
(b)
If the average density of the Earth, = 5.51 x 103 kg m-3, what is the
period of the particle?
[2 marks]

An open pipe has a fundamental frequency of 300 Hz. The first overtone of a
closed pipe has the same frequency as the first overtone of the open pipe. If the speed
of sound in air is 343 m s-1,
(a) What is the length of the open pipe.
[2 marks]
(b) What is the length of the closed pipe ?
[3

marks]
5 (a) State Coulombs Law
[1 mark]
...
(b)
D +Q
-4Q P
Box
Figure 4
Figure 4 shows two point charges +Q and -4Q placed in a box at a distance l from each other.
Describe the nature of the resultant force on a point charge +Q [ attractive (attracted by the
box) , repulsive ( repulsed by the box) , experience no force at all ] when it is placed at
[4 marks]
(i) various positions along PS
(ii) various positions along AD

P
A
Direction of motion
G
Galvanometer
Q
Figure 5a
(a) Figure 5a shows a wire PQ travelling at constant speed in the region ABCD of uniform
magnetic field. There is no magnetic field outside the region ABCD.
(i) Draw on the diagram the direction of the induced current.
[1 mark]
(ii) On the diagram, label the polarity P and Q .
[1 mark]
(iii) Describe what happens to the galvanometer.
[1 mark]

(b)
Direction of motion
Figure 5b
G
Figure 5b shows two wires PQ and RS moving at constant speed in the region ABCD of
uniform magnetic field. P and R are connected with connecting wires.
Describe what happens to the galvanometer. Explain your answer.
[2 marks]

(a) Lasers are highly unidirectional and can have very high intensity. What are the
other two characteristics of lasers.
[1 mark]
(b) Explain how these two characteristics are produced in a laser.
[2 marks]
(c) Hence explain the meaning of light amplification which is required to produce light
of high intensity.
[1 mark]
(d) For light amplification to occur there must be more atoms in the excited state than in
the ground state. Name this situation.
[1 mark]

(a)
Name the four basic forces of nature and their respective ranges.
[2 marks]
...
(b)
Elementary particles are classified into leptons and hadrons according to the basic
forces. Hence explain the difference between leptons and hadrons.
[1 mark]
(c) Hadrons are made up of smaller constituents called quarks. The proton and
neutron are examples of hadrons. State the type of quarks that made up the proton
and the neutron. Hence explain why the proton has a charge of +e but the neutron
has no charge at all.
[2 marks]

Section B [60 marks]

Answer any four questions in this section
9
(a) (i) State the principle of conservation of linear momentum.
[2 marks]
(ii) Distinguish between an elastic collision and an inelastic collision. Give an

example of each type of collision.
[4 marks]
(b) A bullet of mass 0.020 g is fired from a gun of mass 3.0 kg. The velocity of the
bullet is 300 ms-1 . Calculate the velocity of recoil of the gun.
[3 marks]
(c) The bullet travels horizontally and then embeds itself in the centre of a stationary
block of wood of mass 1 kg which is suspended by a light vertical string ,
causing the wood to swing to a certain height.
(i) Describe the energy changes that takes place.
[1 mark ]
(ii) Calculate the initial velocity of the block of wood after collision with the bullet.
[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the vertical height through which the wood has been raised.
[3 marks]
10
(a) A body of mass m moves with constant speed v in a circle of radius r.

(i) Write down an expression for the force necessary to maintain the motion.
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the direction of the force and what is it called ?
[2 marks]
Figure 6 shows a roller coaster track which consists of a vertical loop of radius
10 m . A carriage is released from rest at position X. The carriage moves
down the track , goes round the vertical loop , and moves in the direction of Z
X
P
Figure 6
(b) Assuming the track is frictionless , explain the energy changes of the carriage
as it moves from X to Z.
[5 marks]
(c) If the carriage is to complete a circular motion in the loop , determine
(i) the force(s) that provide the centripetal force at the highest position P. [1 mark]
(ii) the minimum speed that must be achieved at the highest position P. [3 mark]
(d) What is the minimum height h which gives the minimum speed calculated in
(c) (ii) above ?
[3 marks]
11
(a) (i)
(ii)
(b) (i)
What is meant by the degree of freedom of a gas molecule ?
[1 mark]
Explain why the number of the degrees of freedom of a diatomic gas molecule
is different at temperatures 30 K , 300 K and 3000 K.
[3 marks]
State the law of equipartition of energy.
[2 marks]
(ii) A molecule of an ideal gas has f degrees of freedom. By using the law of
equipartition of energy , deduce an expression for internal energy U of n moles
of the ideal gas.
[2 marks]
(iii) If the pressure of the ideal gas is p , and its volume is V , deduce an
expression for internal energy U of the gas in terms of f , p and V. [2 marks]
(c) A container of volume 2.0 x 10-3 m3 contains 8.0 g of helium gas at pressure
1.01 x 105 Pa.
(i) What is the degree of freedom of helium gas molecule?
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the internal energy of the gas ?
[2 marks]
(iii) What is the mean kinetic energy of one molecule of helium gas ?
[2 marks]
12 (a) (i) State Faradays law of electromagnetic induction.
[1 mark ]
(ii) Write an equation that shows Faradays law and Lenzs law. Explain why Lenzs
law is in accordance with the law of conservation of energy.
[2 marks]
(b)
A small coil is positioned so that its axis lies along a large magnet as shown in
figure 7
Figure 7
The coil has a cross-sectional area of 0.4 cm2 and contains 150 turns. The average
magnetic flux density B through the coil varies with distance x between the face of the
magnet and the plane of the coil as shown in the graph.

Figure 8
(i)
The coil is 5.0 cm from the face of the magnet.Use the graph in Figure 8 to
determine the magnetic flux density in the coil.
[2 marks]
(ii)
Hence show that the magnetic flux linkage of the coil is 3.0 x 10-4 Wb.
[2 marks]
(iii)
The coil is moved along the axis of the magnet so that the distance x changes
from x =5.0 cm to x =15.0 cm in a time of 0.30 s. Calculate the average e.m.f.
induced in the coil.
[4 marks]
(iv)
State and explain the variation, if any , of the speed of the coil so that the
induced e.m.f. remains constant during the movement.
[2 marks]
(v)
If the e.m.f. induced is connected in series with a resistor of resistance 2 ,

what is the current in the circuit ?
[2 marks]

13
(a) An electron is accelerated through a voltage of 260 kV in vacuum .

(i)
Calculate the final velocity of the electron.
[2 marks]
(ii)
Explain why this is impossible to achieve in experiment.
[1 mark]
(b) In an x-ray tube, an electron is accelerated by a voltage of 50 kV. The electron is

stopped by a heavy metal target in a single collision. Calculate the wavelength of this
x-ray photon.
[3 marks]
(c) A monochromatic x-ray beam was directed at a crystal. Intense reflected beams of
this incident x-ray beam were found at glancing angles of 24.60 and 56.40. No other
strong reflection was found. If the wavelength of the x-rays is 1.30 x 10-10 m, calculate
the distance between the layers of atom in the crystals which caused this diffraction.
[3 marks]
(d) An x-ray tube has a tungsten target. The energy of an electron in the various shells
of the tungsten atom is
K - shell
- 1.50 x 10-15 J
L - shell
- 0.24 x 10-15 J
M shell - 0.12 x 10-15 J
14
(i)
What is the minimum potential difference across the tube for it to emit x-ray
line spectrum in the K series ?
[3 marks]
(ii)
What is the wavelength of the K line ?
[3 marks]
(a) (i) Explain what you to understand by the terms mass defect and binding energy
per nucleon.
[3 marks]
(ii) Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of oxygen in MeV.
( mass of 168 = 15.995 u , m p = 1.0078 u and m n = 1.0087 u ) [ 3 marks]
(b)
K - 40 is a radioisotope of potassium with half-life 1.38 x 109 years. It decays into

Ar-40. In a particular sample of rock, the ratio of potassium atoms to Ar -40 atoms is
1: 31. Estimate the age of the rock.
[3 marks]
(c) (i) In thermonuclear fusion, the temperature is 108 K. Explain why such a high
temperature is required.
[2 marks]
(ii) Identify the particles P, Q and R in the following equations of
thermonuclear fusion.
2
1
H +
2
1
3
2
He
3.25 MeV
3
1
H +
2
1
4
2
He
17.6 MeV
1
1
4
2
He + 2
0
+1
+ 2 S
+ 27 MeV
[3 marks]
S has practically no
mass and travels with the speed of light. Name another
important property of S.
[1 mark]
SKEMA PEMARKAHAN
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN STPM 2008
PHYSICS PAPER 1
1 A
6 A
11 B
16 D
21 D
2 C
7 C
12 A
17 B
22 D
3 B
8 D
13 D
18 A
23 C
4 A
9 A
14 A
19 B
24 D
5 C
10 B
15 C
20 C
25 B
26 D
31 A
36 A
41 C
46 A
27 C
32 D
37 B
42 D
47 C
28 B
33 B
38 A
43 A
48 D
29 C
34 C
39 B
44 C
49 D
30 D
35 B
40 B
45 B
50 C

SKEMA PEMARKAHAN
PHYSICS TINGKATAN 6 ATAS TRIAL PAPER 2
SECTION A
1
Consider a woman lifting a 60 N bowling ball as shown in Fig. 1(a). Find the
tension, Tm in her back muscle. Also, determine the force H and V act in her spine when
her back is horizontal. Approximate the situation as shown in Fig. 1(b) and assume the
upper part of her body to weigh 250 N with centre of gravity as indicated.
Figure 1
(a) Taking moment at the pivot,
Tm sin 12o (
2
L
L ) = 60 (L) + 250 ( ).(1)
3
2
Tm = 1335 N ..(1)
[2]
(b) Consider vertical component,

Tm sin 12o + V = 60 + 250..(1)
1335 x sin 12o + V = 310
V = 32.4 N.(1)
Consider horizontal component,
Tm cos12o = H
H = 1335 x cos 12o
H = 1306 N..(1)

[3]
2
A uniform copper rod with thermal conductivity 380 W m-1 K-1 which is perfectly
insulated has a cross-sectional area of 2.50 cm2 and length 20.0 cm. Heat is conducted
by the copper rod. When the steady state is achieved, the temperatures at the ends of
the rod are 130 oC and 20 oC. Calculate
(a)
the rate of heat flow in the rod.
dQ
d
= kA
..(1)
dt
dx
130 20
= (380) (2.5 x 10-4) (
) .(1)
20 x10 2
= 52.25 W ..(1)
[3]
(b)
the temperature 15.0 cm from the hot end.

The temperature at 15.0 cm = (15 x 10-2) (
130 20
)
20 x10 2
= 82.5 oC ....(1)
The temperature 15.0 cm from the hot end = 130 oC 82.5 oC
= 47.5 oC .(1)
[2]

3
Suppose a tunnel could be dug through the Earth from one side to the other
along a diameter as shown in Fig. 3. The average density of the Earth is given as .
Earth
m
Tunnel
(a)
Show that the motion of a particle m dropped into the tunnel is simple harmonic
motion where =
4G
.
3
By using the Newtons second law of motion,

F = ma
GM ' m
= ma ..(1)
r2
G 4 3
( r ) = a
r2 3
a = (
where M ' =
4 3
r (1)
3
4G
)r
3
a = - 2 r
where =
4G
(1)
3
[3]
(b)
If the average density of the Earth, = 5.51 x 103 kg m-3, what is the period of the
particle?
T=
T = 2
T = 2
..(1)
3
4G
3
4 (6.67 x10
11
)(5.51x10 3 )
T = 5064 s / 84.4 min ..(1)

[2]

4.
An open pipe has a fundamental frequency of 300 Hz. The first overtone of a
closed pipe has the same frequency as the first overtone of the open pipe. How long is
each pipe?
[Speed of sound in air = 343 m s-1]
(a)
For open pipe,
Fundamental frequency, fo =
x=
(x= )
2x
2
343
2 x300
x = 0.5717 m ..(1)
First overtone, f1 =
v
( x = ) ..(1)
x
(b)
For closed pipe,
First overtone, f1 =
3v
3
(y=
) .(1)
4y
4
v
3v
=
4y
x
y=
3x0.5717
(1)
4
y = 0.4288 m .(1)
[5]

5. (a) State Coulombs Law

The force F between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the
charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges.
Or
QQ
Force, F 1 2 2 where Q1, Q2 are the point charges
r
r is the distance between the two charges
OR
Force, F = k
Q1Q 2
r2
where Q1, Q2 are the point charges

k is the constant of proportionality
OR
Force, F =
Q1 Q 2
4 0 r 2
where Q1, Q2 are the point charges

0 is the permittivity of free space for
charges in free space
[1]
(b)
l
D +Q
-4Q P
Box
The diagram above shows two point charges +Q and -4Q placed in a box at a distance l
from each other.
Describe the nature of the resultant force on a point charge +Q when it is placed at
[ attractive (attracted by the box) , repulsive ( repulsed by the box) , experience no force
at all ]
(i) various positions along PS

Attractive / Attracted by the box
[1]
(ii) various positions along AD

Along AC = Attractive / Attracted by the box / Force to the right
[1]
At the point C = No force / Equilibrium / No nett force / Zero
[1]
Along CD = Repulsive force / Repulsed by the box / Force to the left [1]
6.
P
A
G
Galvanometer
The diagram above shows a wire PQ travelling at constant speed in the region ABCD of
uniform magnetic field. There is no magnetic field outside the region ABCD.
(i) Draw on the diagram the direction of the induced current.
[1]
(ii) Label the polarity P and Q .
[1]
(iii) Describe what happens to the galvanometer.

The galvanometer pointer moves / deflects in one direction.
[1]
[3]

The diagram above shows two wires PQ and RS moving at constant speed in the region
ABCD of uniform magnetic field. P and R are connected with connecting wires.
Describe what happens to the galvanometer. Explain your answer.
The galvanometer does not moves.
Because there is no current moving through the galvanometer.
[1]
The polarity / potential of Q and S is the same.
[1]
[2]

7. (a) Lasers are highly unidirectional and can have very high intensity. What are the
other two characteristic of lasers.
Monochromatic
Coherent
[1]
(b) Explain how these two characteristic are produced in a laser.
When an atom is in an excited state, and there exist a passing photon of frequency f, this
passing photon will stimulate the excited atom to move to the ground state and emits a
photon of frequency f also.
(1)
This process is called stimulated emission.
The emitted photon and the external photon have the same frequency and in phase.
Hence they are monochromatic and coherent.
(1)
[2]
(c) Hence explain the meaning of light amplification which is required to produce light of
high intensity.
When the process of stimulated emission occurs for a while, a large number of photons
of the same wavelength, in phase , plane polarised and moving in the same direction are
produced. Superposition of these light waves produces light of high intensity.
[1]
(d) For light amplification to occur there must me more atoms in the excited state than in
the ground state. Name this situation.
Population inversion
8. (a) Name the four basic forces of nature and their respective ranges.
Name of Forces
Gravitational Force
Electromagnetic Force
Strong Nuclear Force
Weak Nuclear Force
Range
Long
Long
Short
Short
Every 2 ticks = 1 mark
[2]
(b) Elementary particles are classified into leptons and hadrons according to the basic
forces. Hence explain the difference between leptons and hadrons.
Leptons experience only gravitational, electromagnetic and weak nuclear force /
Leptons experience only 3 of the 4 forces of nature except the strong nuclear force.
Hadrons experience all four forces of nature.
[1]

(c) Hadrons are made up of smaller constituents called quarks. The proton and neutron
are examples of hadrons.
State the type of quarks that made up the proton and the neutron. Hence explain why the
proton has a charge of +e but the neutron has no charge at all.
Proton is made up of 2 up quarks and 1 down quark.
Neutron is made up of 2 down quarks and 1 up quark.
(1)
2
e
3
1
Down quark has a charge of - e
3
Up quark has a charge of +
Charge of proton = +
2
2 1
e + e - e = +e
3
3
3
1
1
2
Charge of neutron = - e + (- e) + e = 0 (neutral)
3
3
3
(1)
[2]

SECTION B
Answers
Total linear momentum of a system of bodies is constant, if no
external forces act on the system
9 (a)(i)
(ii)
Elastic collision
Kinetic energy is conserved
Relative speed of approach =
relative speed of separation
Coefficient of restitution = 1
Example : Collision of two
billiard balls
(b)
Inelastic collision
Kinetic energy is not
conserved
Relative speed of approach >
relative speed of separation
Coefficient of restitution = 0
Example : Collision of two
cars
Total momentum is conserved

0 = (0.02 x 300) + 3v
v = -2ms-1
(c) (i)
2
(any 2)
2
3
1
Kinetic energy to potential energy
(ii)
(0.02 x 300) + 0 = (0.02 + 1)v

V = 5.88 ms-1
(iii)
Loss in kinetic energy = gain in potential energy

x 5.88 2 = 9.81 x h
h = 1.76 m
10 (a) (i)
(ii)
(b)
(c) (i)
(ii)
F =
mv2
r
or
F = m2 r
Towards the centre of the circle.

Centripetal force
At X, PE maximum
X to Y, PE decreases , KE increases
At Y , PE = 0 , KE is maximum
Y to P , KE decreases , PE increases
P to Y, PE decreases , KE increases
Y to Z , KE constant
Weight of carriage and normal reaction, R
Track frictionless, R = 0

vp = 10 x 9.81
= 9.90 ms-1
(d)
11 (a) (I)
(ii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
At P , total energy = PE + KE
9.81 x h = x 9.92 + (9.81 x 20)
h = 25 m
Answers
The number of independent ways by which energy is absorbed by
the gas molecules.
30 K
- f=3
300 K - f = 5
3000 K - f = 6
translational KE only
translational 3, rotational 2
translational 3, rotational 2 , vibrational 1
Energy supplied to a system is distributed equally among all the

f , each f has
energy E = 1/2kT
KE mean of 1 molecule = f/2 kT
KE mean of 1 mole
= f/2 RT
U for 1 mole
= f/2 nRT
pV = nRT
U = f/2 nRT
= f/2 pV
(iii)
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
Helium is monatomic , f = 3
(c)
(i)
(ii)
U = f/2 pV
= 3/2 x 1.01 x 105 x 2 x 10-2
= 303 J
U = n KE mean
KE mean of 1 molecule =
(iii)
=
U
2 x NA
303
2 x 6.02 x 1023
= 2.52 x 10-22 J

12
(a) (i) When the magnetic flux linked with a circuit changes, an
electromotive force which is directly proportional to the rate of change
of magnetic flux is induced
[1]
Induced e.m.f. = - d / dt
When an e.m.f. is induced, the electrical energy generated
is from the conversion of mechanical work done in
opposing the force produced by the effect of the induced
current.
[1]
(ii)
(b) (i)
50 mT
(ii)
(iii)
flux linkage = BAN = 50x10-3x0.4x10-4x150

= 3.0 x 10-4 Wb
new flux linkage = 8.0x10-3x0.4x10-4x150=4.8x10-5 Wb
Change = 2.52 x10-4 Wb
-4
-4
e.m.f. = 2.52x10 /0.3 =8.4 x10 V

(iv) for a small change in distance x
(change in) flux linkage decreases as distance increases so
speed must increase to keep rate of change constant
(v)
13
I = V/R = 8.4 x10-4 / 2 = 0.42 mA
(a) (i) mv2 = eV
(ii)
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
v = ( 2x 1.6 x10-19x260x103 /9.11-31) = 3.02 x 108 m s-1
[1]
No particle can travel faster than the speed of light.
[1]
(b) min = eV/ hc = 1.6 x10-19x50x103 / 6.63x10-34x3x108

= 4.02 x10-10 m
(c) 2 d sin = n
n= 2 , = 56.40
d = 1.30 x10-10 / sin 56.40

= 1.56 x 10-10 m
(d) (i) eV = 1.5 x 10-15
V = 1.50 x 10-15 / 1.6 x 10-19 = 9.38 kV

[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii)
= hc/ E = 6.63 x10-34 x 3.0x108/ (-0.24x10-15+ 1.50x10-15)
[1]
[1]
= 1.58 x 10-10 m
[1]
14.
(a)(i) The difference between the total mass of the nucleons and the
mass of the nucleus.
The binding energy of a nucleus is the energy required to
separate completely all the nucleons in the nucleus.
Binding energy per nucleon = Binding energy of nucleus/no. of
nucleons.
(ii)
Mass defect = [8 ( 1.0078 + 1.0087 ) -15.995] x 1.66 x 10-27

= 2.27 x 10-28 kg
Binding energy per nucleon = 2.27 x 10
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
-28
x 9 x 1016 / 16 x1.6x10-13
= 7.98 MeV
(b) no.of K atoms/no.of Ar atoms = 1/31
no.of K atoms / total no. of K and Ar atoms = 1/ 1+ 31
=1/32
[1]
[1]
[1]
Time taken = 5 half- lifes

Age of the rock = 5X 1.38 x109
= 6.90 x 109 years.
(c) (i) To over come the high repulsive force of the deuterium
nuclei, the kinetic energy must be very high. To achieve
this high kinetic energy, the temperature must be raised to
about 108 K
(ii)
[1]
[1]
[1]
P is neutron
Q is neutron
R is positron
[1]
[1]
[1]
S does not interact with matter. It can travel vast

distance in matter without experiencing any collision.
[1]


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SULIT

DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Arahan kepada calon:

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

1. Which of the following errors are systematic errors?

2. Which of the following pairs of physical quantities are vectors?

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

5. A car of mass 1000 kg is moving with a constant speed of 20 m s-1 on a straight

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

[The effect of friction is negligible]

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

B 1.0 rad s-1

C 2.0 rad s-1

D 4.0 rad s-1

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

The frequency of oscillation of the simple harmonic motion is

The system does not oscillate at its natural frequency

amplitude at the point of destructive interference

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

16.The transverse wave in a string is represented by the equation

The absolute temperature is zero

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

19. Which of the following best shows the stiffness of a solid?

Which of the following is a false deduction from the graph above?

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

What is the temperature T?

ways in which the molecules can move randomly

25. Heat conduction in metals at room temperature is largely caused by

propagation of waves in conductors

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

It is zero midway between the plates.

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

There will be no induced e.m.f. and no induced current.

to reduce the eddy currents

34 An alternating current I = Io sin 200 t is connected to a pure inductor. The variation of

sinusoidal with frequency 100 Hz.

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

35 What is the function of negative feedback in the operational amplifier?

To increase the input impedance.

f at a distance of 0.1 m from the screen

the same speed.

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

40 A ray of light consisting of two wavelengths 1 and 2 (2 > 1) is incident on a piece of

42 A car with mass m possesses momentum of magnitude p. Which expression correctly

43 An electron accelerated from rest through an electric potential of V has a de Broglie

44 According to the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom,

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

the mass of the target.

falls to zero for heavy radioactive nuclides.

48 At a particular instant, the count rate of a pure radioactive material detected by a

49 The energy in the sun is obtained through the process of

liberation of energy from unstable nucleus.

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

Arahan kepada calon:

Jawab semua, soalan dalam Bahagian A dalam ruang yang disediakan.

Jawab mana-mana empat soalan daripada Bahagian B. Untuk bahagian ini,

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

Section A [40 marks]

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

the rate of heat flow in the rod.

the temperature 15.0 cm from the hot end.

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

Pahang Trial STPM 2008

(b) What is the length of the closed pipe ?