Construction process

Study site :comprehensive

holdings

Study conducted in three divisions:

Plumbing
Finish materials
Electric cable system
False ceiling
Paint application

Plumbing
Kitchen water input and waste water disposal
Toilet water input (hot and cold)
solid waste and waste water disposal
Rain water disposal on semi open space
(veranda)

Kitchen
Water input - hot
Source : from nearby geezer
Water input cold
Source : from the duct

Kitchen
Water input points:
1. Sink (hot and cold)
2. Downwash (minimum one point needed)
3. Water purifier
Waste water output points:
1. Sink + downwash

Toilet
Water input source : cold
From the main lines through the duct

Water input source : hot

From the geezer in each separate toilet

Toilet
Hot water input from
Geezer
Waste water disposal
(white pipe)
Solid waste disposal
(grey pipe)

Toilet
Water input points:
1. Wash basin (hot and cold )
2. Water closet a . flush
b . hand shower
3.Bath area: a. tap (hot and cold )
b. hot and cold mixture point
c. shower (hot and cold )

Toilet
Waste water disposal
a. Disposal through dry zone
b. Disposal through wet zone
Solid waste disposal
- through water closet

water input
shower
water input
hot and cold mixture
water source tap
water disposal wet zone

water disposal dry zone

Rain water disposal

Rain water is collected through a pipe

and is later usually connected to the
waste water disposal pipe of the toilet

rain water collecting pit

Rain water disposal pipe from the veranda is

connected through a separate pipe running down to
each floor

R
rain water disposal pipe is connected to the water
disposal pipes in the toilet

Finish material
1.
2.
3.
4.

Terrazzo mosaic on the floor

Terrazzo mosaic on the wall surface
Terrazzo mosaic on skirting
Kota stone on wall surface

Terrazzo mosaic
mixture process

First stone chips and white cement are mixed

accordingly

Stone chips

white cement

Terrazzo mosaic
mixture process

Then binder is added to the mixture

And after that

it is thoroughly mixed

Terrazzo mosaic
mixture process

Mixture is ready to use

Terrazzo mosaic
mixture process

One important note

the mixture for applying on the walls are
much thicker than applied on the floors
because while applying on the floor it is
spread through the floor and is easier if the
mixture is thin but when applying on the walls
it has to have the thickness of a putty
otherwise it will fall off or just would not stick
to the wall surface

Terrazzo mosaic
application process (wall surface)

First the marble strip are placed with mortar

according to the design

Marble strip

on the wall

Terrazzo mosaic
application process (wall surface)

Then it is brushed with binder

Terrazzo mosaic
application process (wall surface)

After that the mixture is applied with much

force so no bubbles or gap remains

Terrazzo mosaic
application process (wall surface)

When the mixture loses a bit of moisture the

extra mixture is removed and is leveled

Terrazzo mosaic
application process (wall surface)

The process is repeated throughout the wall

False ceiling
frame

Over view of the false ceiling

framework

Detail of the
connective
piece

Paint
application technique (pudding)

The pudding

Applying at corners

Applying on the ceiling