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IHTC15-8596
ABSTRACT
The paper describes an experimental investigation carried out on a semi-industrial prototype of regenerative roll
quench unit to determine the contact thermal conductance (CTC) between a roll and a moving strip. The
quantitative infrared thermograpy allows the temperature mapping of the strip while the angular evolution of the
roll temperature is obtained by mean of thermocouples connected to a telemetry acquisition system. A thermal
model allows the determination of the CTC. Typical results emphasize the effect of some parameters such as the
velocity, the temperature and the tensile strength of the strip.
Hot strip
Cold strip
IHTC15-8596
the thermal performance expected in function of the CTC-value; the difference of the strip temperature, T,
between the inlet and outlet of the regenerator is plotted versus the number of rolls used (N).
T [C]
300
200
N
100
10
CTC [kW/m2.K]
0
Roll Shell
Radiant Heater
Driving
Rollers
Blower
Plenum 2
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Pyromete r
M oving strip
Roll shell
T he rmo couple s
Tele metry
IR Ca mera
Pyrome ter
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1.2
TR [C]
Test
r [mm]
399.8
398
390
385
240
(TR-TR,min)/(TR,max-TR,min)
1
2
0.8
TSo=294C
U=0.25 m/s
eS=0.5mm
220
es= 0.3mm
U=0.25m/s
= 2kg/mm2
0.4
r = 399.8mm
[]
t [mn]
200
30
(a)
60
90
120
150
180
(b)
S C S (TS ) eS
U d TS
= qCTC qenv
R d
(1)
R is the external roll radius and qenv represents the heat loss to the environment, which is estimated from thermal
convection [6-8] and radiation models [3]. Eq. 1 anticipates a variation of the strip temperature high enough to
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affect the value of the heat capacity. qCTC represents the heat exchange between the strip and the roll, from which
the CTC-value is deduced.
0
[]
[]
10
10
20
es= 0.3mm
U=0.25m/s
= 2kg/mm2
20
es= 0.3mm
U=0.25m/s
= 2kg/mm2
30
30
40
40
TS [C]
150
200
250
TS [C]
350
300
(a)
450
550
650
(b)
Fig. 7 Thermal behavior of the strip
Eq. 1 shows that the knowledge of the local dTS/d -value calculated from accurate curve fitting of the TS()
experimental profile (see Fig. 7b) allows the determination of the local CTC-value:
qCTC
CTC =
=
(TS TRM )
U d TS
qenv
R d
(TS TRM )
S C S (TS ) eS
(2)
To be consistent with the engineering developed in [3] and as pointed out in Eq. 2, the adopted definition of
the CTC is based on the mean temperature of the roll:
R
TRM = R CR u TR dr
Ri
CR u dr
(3)
Follows a definition of the mean contact thermal conductance, CTCm, in agreement with [3]:
CTCm ( c ) =
S eSU
R c
TS (c )
TSo
CS ( T )
dT
(TRM T )
(4)
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strip-roll temperature difference TSRo (50 to 225C). Moreover, Inox and Carbon steel strips are successively
tested.
Fig. 8 emphasizes the effect of the strip tensile force on the angular variation of the contact thermal conductance.
The CTC deteriorates clearly when decreases. One notices 50% drop of CTCmax. To seek for the best
performance all the other results are presented for the highest tested.
4
CTC [kW/m2.K]
[kg/mm2 ]
1
2
es=0.3 mm;
U=0.25 m/s
10
20
30
40
50
CTC [kW/m2.K]
e=0.3mm
= 2 kg/mm2
TSo
10
20
U=0.37m/s
TSRo
[C]
150
350
45
105
30
eS=0.3mm
= 2 kg/mm2
U=0.50 m/s
CTC [kW/m2.K]
U=0.25 m/s
TSo
150
350
[]
40
10
20
TSRo
[C]
45
105
30
[]
40
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effect is small for Inox steel data, those of the Carbon steel tests indicate an increase of the CTCm as the strip
speed augments.
6
CTCm [kW/m2.K]
CTCm [kW/m2.K]
2
Inox
Carbon
c=25
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Inox
Carbon
c=45
U [m/s]
0
0.2
0.8
0.4
U [m/s]
0.6
0.8
c [ ]
CTCm [kW/m2.K]
25
45
CTCm [kW/m2. K]
4
2
U=0.75 m/s
2
100
200
300
TBRo [C]
c = 45
TSo [C]
0
400
50
100
150
200
250
TS 0 TS ( c )
TS 0 TR 0
(5)
It is worth noting that does not depend on the strip velocity. Fig. 12 displays the results for both types of
steel. Notice that as the angular coverage increases, TS tends TR and approaches the unity. However, the
contact thermal conductance keeps a more or less constant mean value (with 17% of standard deviation) in
the range 0.4 1.
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8
6
CTCm [kW/m2.K]
c []
45
25
4
2
0
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
6. CONCLUSIONS
A study of the contact thermal conductance, CTC, between a moving strip and a roll is presented. The study
is motivated by the modeling of the performance of a roll regenerative furnace that is a new concept of
annealing furnace for the treatment of steel strips.
A dedicated semi-industrial facility with only one roll and allowing strip temperature up to 650C is used. Its
main instrumentation involves quantitative infrared thermography and telemetric thermometry.
To support data processing and physical interpretation simple analytical model is developed. It allows the
determination of the angular evolution of the contact thermal conductance, which is based on the mean
temperature of the roll.
The results show that the heat transfer is achieved over an angular coverage not exceeding 45. In most of
the trials, low CTC-values are found for 10, revealing the importance to ensure a good mechanical
adhesion and a high-quality flatness of the strip. Such a remark is corroborated by the low performance
obtained at small strip tensile strength.
The value of the contact thermal conductance averaged over the angular coverage, CTCm, is ranged between
2kW/m2K et 4.5kW/m2K in good agreement with the few data reported in the literature. No marked effect of
the increase of the line velocity is found for the Inox steel strip while a benefit influence is observed for the
Carbon strip.
Higher is the initial strip temperature and the roll-strip temperature difference better is the CTCm. Plotted in
function of the thermal efficiency , the mean contact thermal conductance does not exhibit significant
variation.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank the Walloon region for its continuous support along this research
programme.
IHTC15-8596
NOMENCLATURE
C
specific heat
( J/kg.K )
e
thickness
(m)
CTC conductance
( W/m2.K )
q
heat flux
( W/m2 )
R
radius
(m)
T
temperature
( C )
U,u
velocity
(m/s)
subscript
c
coverage
CTC contact thermal conductance
env
environment
M
mean
m
o
R
S
angle
density
tensile strength
thermal efficiency
rotation speed
()
( kg/m- )
( kg/mm2 )
(-)
( rd/s )
mean
initial
roll
strip
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[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
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