MICROBIOLOGY

1. A single-celled microorganism that lacks a

nucleus is a(n) _________________.
A. protist

5. A spiral of corkscrew-shaped prokaryote is

known as a _________________.
A. flagellum

B. eukaryote
B. spirillum
C. prokaryote
D. virus

2. A(n) ________________ is the type of

carbohydrate that is NOT found in the cell walls
of archaebacteria.
A. amino acid

B. peptidoglycan

C. coccus

D. bacillus

6. A ________________ is a whiplike structure on

some cells that is used for movement.
A. flagellum

C. nucleotide

B. spirillum

D. nucleus

C. coccus

D. bacillus
3. A rod-shaped prokaryote is called a
_______________.
A. flagellum

B. spirillum

C. coccus

D. bacillus

4. A spherical prokaryote is called a

_______________.
A. flagellum

B. spirillum

7. A _______________ is a technique used to

determine whether or not a bacterium has a cell
wall that contains peptidoglycan.
A. lytic infection

B. lysogenic infection

C. sterilization

D. Gram stain

8. A prokaryote that caries out photosynthesis in a

manner similar to that of plants is a
_______________.
A. photoautotroph

C. coccus
B. chemoautotroph
D. bacillus

C. photoheterotroph

A. Conjugation

D. prion

B. Binary fission

C. Meiosis
9. A prokaryote that obtains energy directly from
inorganic molecules using chemical reactions is a
________________.
A. photoautotroph

B. chemoautotroph

C. photoheterotroph

D. Nitrogen fixation

13. The type of spore formed when bacterium

produces a thick internal wall that encloses its
DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm is known as
a(n) _______________.
A. pathogen

D. prion
B. virus

10. A ________________ is a prokaryote that is

photosynthetic but also needs organic compounds
for nutrition.
A. photoautotroph

C. endospore

D. antibiotic

B. chemoautotroph

C. photoheterotroph

D. prion

14. The process of converting nitrogen gas into

ammonia is __________________.
A. conjugation

B. binary fission

C. meiosis
11. A type of asexual reproduction in which a
prokaryote replicates its DNA, and divides in half,
producing two identical daughter cells is
________________.
A. conjugation

B. binary fission

D. nitrogen fixation

15. A(n) _______________ is a disease-causing

agent, such as a bacterium or a fungus.
A. pathogen

C. meiosis
B. virus
D. nitrogen fixation
C. endospore
12. _______________ is the form of sexual
reproduction in which paramecia and some
prokaryotes exchange genetic information.

D. antibiotic

16. A(n) _________________ is a compound that

blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria.
A. pathogen

C. endospore

D. antibiotic
B. virus

C. endospore

20. The outer protein coat of a virus is a

________________.
A. retrovirus

D. antibiotic
B. capsid

17. Bacteria are used in producing a variety of

foods, including _________________ &
_________________.
A. cheese, yogurt

C. bacteriophage

D. prion

B. buttermilk, sour cream

C. pickles, saurkraut

D. all of the above are true

21. A virus that infects bacteria is a

________________.
A. retrovirus

B. capsid

C. bacteriophage
18. _________________ is the process of
destroying bacteria using great heat or chemical
action.
A. Lytic infection

B. Lysogenic infection

C. Gram staining

D. Sterilization

D. prion

22. The process of a _________________ is when

a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and
causes the cell to burst.
A. lytic infection

B. lysogenic infection

C. sterilization
19. A(n) _______________ is a partical made up
of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids
that can replicate only by infecting living cells.
A. pathogen

B. virus

D. Gram stain

23. The process by which a virus embeds its DNA

into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated
along with the host cell's DNA is known as a
_______________.
A. lytic infection

B. lysogenic infection

C. bacteriophage

C. sterilization

D. prion

D. Gram stain
25. A _________________ is an infectious
particle made of protein rather than RNA or DNA.
A. retrovirus
24. A virus that contains RNA as its genetic
information is a _______________.
A. retrovirus

B. capsid

B. capsid

C. bacteriophage

D. prion