BTS3012A Technical Manual-Auxiliary System (V3.30) PDF

Chapter 1 Introduction to Auxiliary System ..................................................
1-1
1.1 Overview ................................................................................................

1.2 Introduction to Auxiliary System .............................................................
1-1
1-1
Chapter 2 Power Supply System ....................................................................
2-1
2.1 AC/DC Distribution Unit ..........................................................................

2.1.1 Overview ........................................................................................
2.1.2 Introduction to AC/DC Distribution Unit..........................................
2.1.3 AC Distribution Principle ................................................................
2.1.4 DC Distribution Principle ................................................................
2.2 Transmission Power Supply ...................................................................
2.3 Storage Batteries....................................................................................
2.3.1 Built-in Storage Battery Box ...........................................................
2.3.2 Extended Storage Battery Cabinet ................................................
2.3.3 Transformer ...................................................................................
2.4 Regulator ................................................................................................
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-3
2-5
2-7
2-8
2-8
2-8
2-9
2-9
Chapter 3 Environment Monitoring System ..................................................
3-1
3.1 Overview ................................................................................................

3.2 TCU ........................................................................................................
3.2.1 Overview ........................................................................................
3.2.2 Architecture and Principle ..............................................................
3-1
3-2
3-2
3-2
Chapter 4 Temperature Adjustment System .................................................
4-1
4.1 Overview ................................................................................................

4.2 Air Conditioner ........................................................................................
4.3 Heat Exchanger ......................................................................................
4-1
4-1
4-1
Chapter 5 Transmission Mode .......................................................................
5-1
5.1 E1 Transmission .....................................................................................

5.2 SDH Transmission .................................................................................
5-1
5-3
Chapter 6 BTS Lightning Protection Grounding ..........................................
6-1
6.1 Overview ................................................................................................

6.2 BTS Lightning Protection Principle .........................................................
6.2.1 Principle and Characteristics .........................................................
6.2.2 AC Lightning Protection .................................................................
6.2.3 BTS Trunk Cable Lightning Protection ...........................................
6.2.4 Antenna and Feeder Subsystem Lighting Protection.....................
6.3 BTS System Grounding ..........................................................................
6.3.1 Cabinet Internal Grounding ............................................................
6.3.2 Cabinet External Grounding ...........................................................
6-1
6-1
6-1
6-2
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-4
6-4
6.3.3 AC Lightning Arrester Grounding ...................................................

6.3.4 Transmission Equipment Grounding ..............................................
6.3.5 Metal Sheath Grounding for Overhead E1 and HDSL Cables .......
6.3.6 BTS Surge Protector Grounding ....................................................
6-4
6-4
6-5
6-5
HUAWEI
M900/M1800 BTS3012A Base Transceiver Station

Technical Manual - Auxiliary System
V300R003

Technical Manual
Volume
Auxiliary System
Manual Version
T2-030217-20041110-C-3.30
Product Version
V300R003
BOM
31026317
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support
and service. Please feel free to contact our local office, customer care center or company
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2004 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All Rights Reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks
, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET,
, ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,
TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium,

M900/M1800,
TELESIGHT, Quidview, Musa, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA, iTELLIN,
HUAWEI OptiX, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, OptiX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE, OpenEye,
Lansway, SmartAX, infoX, TopEng are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
All other trademarks mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has
been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents, but
all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not constitute
the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
About This Manual

Release Notes
The product version corresponds to the manual is M900/M1800 BTS3012A Base
Transceiver Station V300R003.
Organization
The manual describes system description of M900/M1800 BTS3012A.
There are six chapters and three appendixes in the manual.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Auxiliary System introduces all the sub-system of the
auxiliary system.
Chapter 2 Power Supply System introduces the power supply system of BTS3012A,
including AC/DC distribution unit, transmission power supply, storage batteries and
regulator power supply.
Chapter 3 Environment Monitoring System introduces the environment monitoring
system of BTS3012A, including sensors, TCU and PMU.
Chapter 4 Temperature Adjustment System introduces the temperature adjustment
system of BTS3012A, including air-conditioner and heat exchanger.
Chapter 5 Transmission Mode introduces the transmission modes of BTS3012A,
including E1, SDH transmission.
Chapter 6 BTS Lightning Protection Grounding introduces the lightning protection
grounding of BTS3012A, including AC lightning protection, trunk cable lightning
protection, antenna and feeder subsystem lightning protection and the BTS system
grounding.
Intended Audience
The manual is intended for the following readers:
z
Technical marketing specialists
Installation engineers and technicians
Operation and maintenance personnel
Conventions
This manual uses the following conventions:
I. General conventions
Convention
Description
Arial
Normal paragraphs are in Arial.
Arial Narrow
Warnings, Cautions, Notes and Tips are in Arial Narrow.
Boldface
Headings are in Boldface.
II. Symbols
Eye-catching symbols are also used in the manual to highlight the points worthy of
special attention during the operation. They are defined as follows:
Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the

operation.
Note, Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary description.
Technical Manual Auxiliary System

Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to Auxiliary System ............................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Introduction to Auxiliary System ........................................................................................ 1-1
Chapter 2 Power Supply System ................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 AC/DC Distribution Unit ..................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1.2 Introduction to AC/DC Distribution Unit................................................................... 2-1
2.1.3 AC Distribution Principle ......................................................................................... 2-3
2.1.4 DC Distribution Principle ......................................................................................... 2-5
2.2 Transmission Power Supply .............................................................................................. 2-7
2.3 Storage Batteries ............................................................................................................... 2-8
2.3.1 Built-in Storage Battery Box .................................................................................... 2-8
2.3.2 Extended Storage Battery Cabinet.......................................................................... 2-8
2.3.3 Transformer............................................................................................................. 2-9
2.4 Regulator ........................................................................................................................... 2-9
Chapter 3 Environment Monitoring System ............................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 TCU.................................................................................................................................... 3-2
3.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 3-2
3.2.2 Architecture and Principle ....................................................................................... 3-2
Chapter 4 Temperature Adjustment System .............................................................................. 4-1
4.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 4-1
4.2 Air Conditioner ................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.3 Heat Exchanger ................................................................................................................. 4-1
Chapter 5 Transmission Mode ..................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 E1 Transmission ................................................................................................................ 5-1
5.2 SDH Transmission ............................................................................................................. 5-3
Chapter 6 BTS Lightning Protection Grounding........................................................................ 6-1
6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 6-1
6.2 BTS Lightning Protection Principle .................................................................................... 6-1
6.2.1 Principle and Characteristics................................................................................... 6-1
6.2.2 AC Lightning Protection .......................................................................................... 6-2
6.2.3 BTS Trunk Cable Lightning Protection.................................................................... 6-2
6.2.4 Antenna and Feeder Subsystem Lighting Protection.............................................. 6-3
6.3 BTS System Grounding ..................................................................................................... 6-4
6.3.1 Cabinet Internal Grounding ..................................................................................... 6-4
i

Table of Contents
6.3.2 Cabinet External Grounding.................................................................................... 6-4

6.3.3 AC Lightning Arrester Grounding ............................................................................ 6-4
6.3.4 Transmission Equipment Grounding....................................................................... 6-4
6.3.5 Metal Sheath Grounding for Overhead E1 and HDSL Cables................................ 6-5
6.3.6 BTS Surge Protector Grounding ............................................................................. 6-5
ii

Chapter 1 Introduction to Auxiliary System

1.1 Overview
Auxiliary system refers to the equipment and devices in various working systems that
assist the normal operation of BTS. The components of BTS3012A auxiliary system
includes power supply system, environment monitoring system and temperature
adjustment system, as illustrated in Figure 1-1.
Um
MS
BTS3012A
Auxiliary cabinet
BSC
Main cabinet
Environment
monitoring system
Temperature
adjustment system
Abis
Power distribution
system
Figure 1-1 BTS3012A auxiliary system composition

In addition, the transmission equipment principle and lightning protection will also be
introduced.
1.2 Introduction to Auxiliary System

I. Power supply system
Power supply system provides power for the stable working of BTS main and auxiliary
equipment.
BTS3012A power supply system consists of four parts, AC/DC distribution unit,
transmission power supply Unit (TSU), transformer and storage batteries.
II. Environemtn monitoring system

Environment monitoring system accomplishes the monitoring of the environment
variables in the cabinet and the alarm processing functions to keep the cabinet in a
suitable temperature and humidity range and ensure the safe and reliable operation
of the equipment.
1-1

TCU and sensors are the major components of environment monitoring system.
III. Temperature adjustment system

Temperature adjustment system can adjust the internal temperature of the cabinet to
keep the main equipment working reliably in a mild environment. Air-conditioner /
Heat exchanger is the major component of temperature adjustment system.
IV. BTS transmission equipment

Many types of small transmission equipment can be embedded in BTS3012A to
support various transmission modes, including E1 (75 /120), SDH and microwave,
etc.
V. BTS lightning protection grounding

As an outdoor macrocell BTS, BTS3012A is required to have higher lightning
protection performance, therefore, all ports where lightning might be led, including AC
power port, E1 port and antenna and feeder port, have been designed with
comprehensive lightning protection technique.
Note:
Some of the above auxiliary equipment is optional. If no special note is given in the following chapters of
this section, the equipment mentioned is mandatory.
1-2

Chapter 2 Power Supply System

The power supply system of BTS3012A consists of AC/DC distribution unit,
Transmission power Supply Unit (TSU), transformer and storage batteries. The
regulator will also be introduced in this chapter.
2.1 AC/DC Distribution Unit

2.1.1 Overview
Functionally the AC/DC distribution unit accomplishes two functions: AC distribution
and DC distribution. The DC distribution includes that for auxiliary equipment and that
for main equipment. AC distribution is achieved by the AC distribution frame in the
auxiliary equipment cabinet, DC distribution for auxiliary equipment by the DC
distribution frame in the auxiliary equipment cabinet and DC distribution for the main
equipment by the DC distribution frame in the main equipment cabinet. The AC/DC
conversion is performed by the PSU. Figure 2-1 shows the AC/DC distribution
principle.
110V AC input
Transformer
AC distribution
frame
220V AC input
Auxiliary equipment
cabinet
220VAC
AC distribution
Main equipment
cabinet
Auxialiary equipment
cabinet
+24VDC
DC distribution
frame in the main
equipment cabinet
+24VDC
DC distribution
frame in the auxiliary
equipment cabinet
DC distribution
PSU
+24VDC
+24VDC
Storage
batteries
Figure 2-1 AC/DC distribution principle
2.1.2 Introduction to AC/DC Distribution Unit

The AC/DC distribution unit in the auxiliary system is composed of one AC switch box,
one DC switch box and one transmission power supply unit (TSU), as shown in
Figure 2-2 .
2-1

REGULATOR
BTS
(1) AC switch box
(2) DC switch box
(3) TSU
Figure 2-2 AC/DC distribution box

Table 2-1 describes the switches and sockets on the AC switch box. There are two
220V sockets on the AC switch box for connecting testing devices for equipment
maintenance.
Table 2-1 Switches on the AC switch box
Switch
Function
Current limiting specification
REGULATOR
Power supply switch for current

stabilizer
32A
BTS
Power supply switch for main

equipment of the BTS3012A
32A
TCU
AC supply switch for TCU
10A
AUX
Power supply switch for the sockets
10A
Table 2-2 describes the switches/sockets on the DC switch box.

Table 2-2 Switches/sockets on the DC switch box
Switch/socket
Function
SPARE
Spare switches
20A
FAN1
Fan switch for auxiliary equipment
5A
LAMP
Lamp switch
5A
TSU
Power switch for TSU
20A
2-2

Switch/socket
Function
HX
Switch for the air conditioner or

heat exchanger
20A
BAT
Switch for storage batteries
5A
2.1.3 AC Distribution Principle

The AC distribution of BTS3012A supports multiple AC distribution modes: 220V AC
three-phase distribution, 220V AC single-phase distribution, 110V AC three-phase
distribution and 110V AC single-phase distribution.
I. 220V AC three-phase distribution

The three-phase 220V AC travels through the arrester and the EMI filter, then is
accessed to the AC distribution unit to be distributed to the regulator, PSU and the
socket (standby). The input end of each phase is protected by a Miniature Circuit
Breaker (MCB). Refer to Figure 2-3 for the distribution principle.
AC distribution unit
N
A
B
C
N
MCB
EMI
filter
32A
A,N
TCU
C
Arrester
Air conditioner/heat
exchanger
5A
32A
B,N
220V AC input
Regulator
Contactor
PSU
Input to the DC
distributin frame
+24V DC
5A
L,N
Socket 1
N
Socket 2
Figure 2-3 Principle of AC distribution unit (220V AC three-phase distribution mode)

In Figure 2-3, the MCB, the arrester and the EMI filter are all installed in the lighting
protection filter box in the auxiliary equipment cabinet. The panel of the lightning
protection filter box is shown in Figure 2-4. The MCB on the panel is the power switch
for the cabinet. The L1, L2 and L3 are the lightning protection indicators of the
arrester for the three-phase AC. When one of the three indicators is red, it means the
lightning protection of the arrester fails.
2-3

L1
Red=Fault
Green=Normal
L2
L3
DangerHigh Voltage
Power Outage, Maintenance
On
Off
Figure 2-4 Panel of the lightning protection filter box
II. 220V AC single-phase distribution

When the 220V AC single-phase distribution is adopted, a connector post will be
installed before the MCB in the BTS3012A to convert the single-phase distribution
mode to the three-phase distribution mode. Through the connector post and the MCB,
three-phase AC is output. The power distribution principle in the cabinet is the same
as that of the 220V AC. Refer to Figure 2-5 for the distribution principle.
N
L
MCB
32A
L,N
Regulator
5A
TCU
EMI
filter
32A
L,N
220V AC input
L
Arrester
Air conditioner/heat exchanger
Contactor
Input to DC distributin frame
PSU
+24V DC
5A
L,N
Socket 1
Socket 2
Figure 2-5 Principle of AC distribution unit (220V AC single-phase distribution mode)
III. 110V AC three-phase distribution

The three-phase 110V AC is first converted by the transformer before it is led into the
AC distribution unit to provide power to corresponding devices. When two 4kVA
transformers are used, two phases of AC are provided to the PSU and the regulator
after being converted by the transformer and the third phase of AC is provided to the
socket without being converted by the transformer. The principle of the AC distribution
is illustrated in Figure 2-6. When only one 7kVA transformer is used, there is only one
phase of AC will be converted by the transformer. The principle of AC distribution
under this case is similar to that in Figure 2-6.
2-4

32A
Transformer
A,N
A
B
C
N
5A
TCU
EMI
filter
MCB
exchanger
Regulator
Transformer
32A
B,N
Contactor
PSU
110V AC input
+24VDC
5A
C
Arrester
Input to DC
distribution frame
C,N
Socket 1
N
Socket 2
Figure 2-6 Principle of AC distribution (110V AC three-phase distribution mode)
IV. 110V AC single-phase distribution

When 110V AC single-phase distribution is adopted, a connector post will be installed
before the MCB in the BTS3012A to convert the single-phase distribution mode to the
three-phase distribution mode. Through the connector post and the MCB, threephase AC is output. The power distribution principle in the cabinet and the selection of
transformer model are the same as that of the 110V AC three-phase distribution mode.
Refer to Figure 2-7 for the principle of the AC distribution.
32A
Transformer
L,N
N
L
MCB
TCU
Transformer
L,N
32A
Contacotr
110V AC input
L
Arrester
exchanger
5A
EMI
filter
Regulator
PSU
Input to DC
distribution frame
+24VDC
5A
L,N
Socket 1
N
Socket 2
Figure 2-7 Principle of AC distribution unit (110V AC single-phase distribution mode)
2.1.4 DC Distribution Principle

The DC distribution unit of BTS3012A is responsible for the distribution of +24V DC
output from the PSU. The AC/DC conversion is accomplished by the PSU. See Figure
2-8 for the principle of AC/DC conversion. The 220V AC is output from the AC
distribution unit to the 220V AC input bus bar on the backplane of the public resource
frame. Then it is converted to multiple channels of +24V DC by the PSU (AC/DC)
module on the backplane and is output to the output bus bar.
2-5

AC input lightning protection power distribution unit A1441Z
220 V AC input
Input bus bar
PSU
PSU
PSU
PMU
Output bus bar
+24 V DC output
DC ditribution copper bar
Figure 2-8 Principe of AC/DC conversion

DC distribution copper bar allocates the +24V current output from PSU to two units,
power distribution unit for auxiliary equipment and that for main equipment.
I. DC distribution for auxiliary equipment

The DC distribution for auxiliary equipment outputs 9 channels of DC to TMU,
transmission equipment, storage batteries, fan frame in auxiliary equipment cabinet,
one lamp, one redundant terminal, heat exchanger, TCU and carrier frame. See
Figure 2-9 for the principle of DC distribution for auxiliary equipment.
DC distribution for the auxiliary equipment cabinet
5A
TMU
Transmission equipment
20A
20A
TSU
5A
+24V DC input
150A
Contactor
120A
DC fuse protector
120A
Storage battery
Input to the carrier frame
Contactor
+24V DC
5A
FAN1
5A
LAMP(1)
20A
Spare
20A
Heat exchager
5A
TCU
Figure 2-9 DC distribution for auxiliary equipment
2-6

II. DC distribution principle for main equipment

The DC distribution unit outputs 13 channels of DC to 6 TRXs, 6 CDUs and 1 fan in
the main equipment cabinet. See Figure 2-10 for the principle of DC distribution for
main equipment.
DC distribution for main equipment
20A
20A
20A
20A
20A
2TRX
2TRX
2TRX
2TRX
2TRX
DTX2(+24VDC)
20A
2TRX
20A
20A
CDU
CDU
20A
20A
20A
20A
CDU
CDU
CDU
CDU
20A
Fan 2
Figure 2-10 DC distribution for main equipment
2.2 Transmission Power Supply

BTS3012A provides three types of power supply for its built-in transmission
equipment, +24V DC, 220V AC and -48V DC.
The Transmission power Supply Unit (TSU) provides -48V DC to the transmission
equipment. It is a DC/AC converter that converts +24V DC output from the PSU to 48V DC to be used by the built-in transmission equipment. The TSU works under 1+!
backup mode. Normally the two TSUs output equalized current. When one TSU gets
faulty, another TSU will supply power to the transmission equipment and reports
alarms.
Note:
The TSU is optional.
2-7

2.3 Storage Batteries

z
When the mains supply is cut off, BTS3012A can sustain its service by the power
supply from storage batteries. Built-in storage battery box and extended storage
battery cabinet are provided for BTS3012A.
Note:
Storage batteries are optional.
2.3.1 Built-in Storage Battery Box

Built-in storage battery box is installed in the auxiliary equipment cabinet and
accommodates two 100Ah storage batteries. It can sustain the service of three BCCH
carriers for above30 minutes when the mains supply is cut off.
Two types of batteries can be selected for the built-in storage battery box: common
storage battery and low-temperature storage battery.
Technical indices of the common storage battery are listed below:
z
Rated voltage: 12V DC
Rated capacity: 100Ah
Working temperature:-15C ~ +45C
Floating voltage: 13.38V (+25C)
Max. charging current: 25A
Technical indices for low temperature storage batteries are listed in the following:
z
Working temperature:-40C ~ +50C
2.3.2 Extended Storage Battery Cabinet

Extended storage battery cabinet has more powerful power backup capacity. It can
accommodate twelve 650Ah storage batteries with rated voltage as 2V to improve the
power supply duration after the mains supply is cut off. Under full configuration of the
BTS3012A, the power backup duration is more than 4 hours.
Technical indices of the extended storage battery cabinet are listed as follows:
z

2-8

Working temperature: -20C ~ +50C
2.3.3 Transformer
Note:
The transformer is optional.
The transformer is used in the cabinets with 110V AC for the conversion between
110V AC and 220V AC.
The transformer has two rated powers: 4kVA and 7kVA. Two transformers with rated
power as 4kVA are required in a 110 V AC cabinet with an air conditioner, or in a
110V AC cabinet with a heat exchanger but without the extended storage battery
cabinet. While one 7kVA transformer is required in a 110V AC cabinet with a heat
exchanger and an extended storage battery cabinet.
2.4 Regulator
The working voltage input range of the BTS3012A with an air conditioner or heat
exchanger is 220V AC 20%. A regulator is recommended for areas with unsteady
voltage. The working voltage input range of the BTS3012A with a regulator is 150V
AC ~ 300V AC. After the voltage regulating of the regulator, the BTS3012A can output
the voltage of 220V AC!10% to the air-conditioner or heat exchanger. The working
temperature of the regulator is -40C ~ +55C.
Note:
The regulator is optional.
Indicators on the regulator are described in Table 2-3.

Table 2-3 Description of indicators on the regulator in BTS3012A
Indicator name
Color
NORMAL (power indicator)
Green
Status
Indication
ON
There is 220V AC input
OFF
There is no 220V AC input
2-9

Indicator name
FAULT (fault indicator)
Color
Red
Status
Indication
ON
Protection or fault occurs.
OFF
Normal
2-10

Chapter 3 Environment Monitoring System

3.1 Overview
As the core control system of BTS3012A, environment monitoring system is
responsible for the monitoring and control of the environment in BTS3012A. It is
composed of three parts, sensors, TCU (Temperature Control Unit) and PMU,
functioning as the following:
1)
Sensors are embedded in the BTS3012A cabinet and the extended storage
battery cabinet. Sensors in the BTS3012A cabinet include temperature sensor,
door control sensor, water sensor and smog sensor, and sensors in the
extended storage battery cabinet include temperature sensor and door control
sensor. Environment variables are collected by PMU.
2)
TCU provides temperature protection to the main equipment. When the

temperature is too high or too low, TCU will cut off the 220V AC input and the
+24V DC output from the storage batteries and power off some of the boards to
prevent the main equipment from damage.
3)
TMU collects the alarm input toggle value of the transmission power supply, AC
lightning protection unit, regulator and the air-conditioner through TCB
(Temperature Control Backplane).
Temprature Test
Access test
Water test
Smoke test
AC lightning
protection board
Sensor
PMU
Control
signals
Storage battery
TCU
Control
signals
TRX/CDU
TMU
Monitoring
Subsystem
Alarm
signals
Voltage Stabilizer
Air conditioner/
heat exchanger
Figure 3-1 BTS3012A environment monitoring system
3-1

The detailed function description of PMU and TMU is given in M900/M1800

BTS3012A Base Transceiver Station Technical Manual System Principle, so they
will not be repeated here.
3.2 TCU
3.2.1 Overview
TCU real-time monitors the temperature in the cabinet. By controlling the power
distribution of the cabinet, it can prevent the damage of over-high or over-low
temperature to the equipment and components. In this way, the normal working of the
main equipment can be assured.
TCU is located in the main equipment frame, as shown in Figure 3-2.
P P P P P P P
S S S S S S M
U U U U U U U
T
C
U
T A
M B
U B
Figure 3-2 TCU in the frame
3.2.2 Architecture and Principle

TCU controls the 220V AC input from the external power supply, the +24V DC output
of the storage batteries (excluding the power distribution of the air-conditioner) and
the power-on/off commands for some boards according to the temperature of the
cabinet. For the control logic of TCU, refer to Figure 3-3.
control
signals
TCU
TRX/CDU
Storage battery
220V AC
Figure 3-3 TCU control logic
3-2

TCU takes different measures to protect the main equipment at different temperature
control point.
For example, when the cabinet is in the initial temperature, -20C, the main
equipment will be in protection status, only the air conditioner/heat exchanger will be
working, some non-BCCH carrier power amplifier will be closed (the specific number
of power amplifiers to be closed can be configured through BSC data configuration)
and no power supply will be input for the PSU.
When the temperature control device is started and the temperature goes higher until
-5C, the main equipment will exit the protection status, the PSU will be powered on
and some non-BCCH carrier power amplifiers that have been closed will be re-started.
When the temperature goes up until 60C, the main equipment will enter protection
status again and the system power supply will be cut off, including PSU and storage
batteries.
Similarly when the temperature goes down until 50C, the main equipment will re-exit
the protection status. And when the temperature continues going down until -15C,
the main equipment will enter the protection status again.
3-3

Chapter 4 Temperature Adjustment System

4.1 Overview
The heat dissipation and heating under low temperature of outdoor BTS3012A are
accomplished by temperature adjustment system. The temperature adjustment
system has high reliability performance and reports alarms when faults occur. The
temperature adjustment of BTS3012A is accomplished by the air-conditioner or the
heat exchanger.
4.2 Air Conditioner

BTS3012A is a complete outdoor BTS with enclosed cabinet architecture. When the
cabinet works in high temperature, the internal temperature of the cabinet will go up
quickly so that the cabinet even cannot work normally, because the large amount of
heat generated by the cabinet itself cannot be dissipated due to the enclosed
architecture.
To reduce the internal temperature of the cabinet, the air-conditioner is installed in the
front door of the cabinet to dissipate heat. The air-conditioner will form a temperature
close loop to monitor and control the cabinet internal temperature. When the airconditioner detects low temperature in the cabinet, it will start its internal heating
boards and the inner circling fans to provide heating to the cabinet. When high
temperature is detected, the air-conditioner will start cooling function to keep the
working temperature in the cabinet within normal working range. In this way, the
cabinet can work reliably in both high and low temperature environment.
The technical indices of the air-conditioner are listed in the following:
z
Rated voltage: 220V AC!20%
Rated frequency: 50/60Hz!3Hz
Heating power: 2600W
Refrigerating power: 1600W
Working temperature: -55C ~ +55C
4.3 Heat Exchanger

Heat exchanger is the other option to control the internal temperature. The heat
exchanger installed in the front door of the BTS3012A cabinet is closed loop and can
provide heat dissipation capacity when the maximum internal temperature can be
4-1

greater than the maximum external temperature. It incorporates a simple design with
a dry contact closure each for high temperature alarm and low temperature alarm.
Compared to air conditioners, heat exchangers typically use fewer, higher reliability
components, and have a less complicated design, all at a lower cost.
The technical indices of the heat exchanger are listed in the following:
z
Rated voltage: 220V AC!20%
Rated frequency: 50Hz!3Hz
Heat exchanging power: 400W
Heating power: 2600W
Working temperature: -55C ~ +45C (for 220V AC cabinet), -5C ~ +45C

(for 110V AC cabinet)
4-2

Chapter 5 Transmission Mode

BTS3012A supports multiple embedded transmission modes as described in the
following.
z
Reserve a space dimensioned as 222mm (height) % 400mm (width) % 310mm

(depth).
Provide four channels of 48V power supply.
Reserve cable outlets for embedded microwave and SDH.
In the following, the E1 transmission and SDH transmission networking modes for
BTS3012A are covered.
5.1 E1 Transmission
BTS3012A E1 networking supports star, tree and chain connection modes according
to the actual deployment of sites.
I. Star connection
Star connection can be applied to common office deployment. Each site can be
connected to its BSC directly via E1 links. Therefore, star connection mode enjoys
simple networking, easy and convenient maintenance, engineering and capacity
expansion. Under star connection mode, signals travel less and the line reliability is
high. But it requires greatest amount of transmission links among all the connection
modes. Therefore, star connection is usually applied to densely populated cities.
The star connection of BTS3012A is illustrated in Figure 5-1, where each single line
represents one channel of E1 link.
BTS3012A
BSC
BTS3012A
BTS3012A
Figure 5-1 BTS3012A E1 star connection
5-1

II. Tree connection

Under tree connection mode, the networking structure is rather complicated, signals
travel longer and the line reliability is low, so the engineering and maintenance
complexity is high, and re-constructing of the whole network have to be done for
capacity expansion. But it requires less transmission links than star connection.
Therefore, tree connection is usually applied to large areas with low population
density.
Note that the levels of site signals traveling from BSC is limited, i.e., usually the series
connection of sites cannot exceed 5, or we can say, the depth of the tree cannot
exceed 5, because the BTS clock generally takes the phase lock of its upper network
and each phase lock will bring along the degradation of clock quality.
The tree connection of BTS3012A is illustrated in Figure 5-2, where, each single line
represents one channel of E1.
BTS3012A
BSC
BTS3012A
BTS3012A
Figure 5-2 BTS3012A E1 tree connection
III. Chain connection

Under chain connection, signals travel longer and the line reliability is poor. Therefore,
chain connection can be applied to strip-shaped areas with low population density,
such as the area along railways and subways. In such areas, chain connection can
better meet users' requirement and greatly reduce the amount of transmission
equipment required. Similar to tree connection, the number of node series connected
under chain connection cannot exceed 5.
In actual office deployment, usually combined connection is adopted to provide
qualified communication service as well as save transmission equipment investment.
BTS3012A chain connection is illustrated in Figure 5-3, where each single line
represents one or multiple channels of E1.
5-2

BSC
BTS3012A
BTS3012A
Figure 5-3 BTS3012A E1 chain connection
5.2 SDH Transmission

If SDH transmission equipment is installed, BTS3012A can support SDH transmission.
Whether to adopt chain connection or ring connection for SDH networking depends
on the actual distribution of network routes. Usually ring connection is adopted as
long as there is appropriate route distribution, because it has high self-healing
capability. While for the areas along railways and subways, usually chain connection
is adopted.
I. Ring connection
Ring connection has high self-healing capability, i.e., when an optical fiber gets
damaged, ring connection network can heal itself into a chain connection network and
the service will not be impacted. Ring connection for SDH networking is illustrated in
Figure 5-4, where each single line represents one or multiple channels of E1 and
each pair of lines represent one pair of optical fibers.
BSC
Optical
transceiver
BTS3012A
BTS3012A
Figure 5-4 BTS3012A SDH ring connection
II. Chain connection

SDH chain connection is illustrated in Figure 5-5, where each single line represents
one channel of E1 and each pair of lines represent one pair of optical fibers.
BSC
Optical
transceiver
BTS3012A
Figure 5-5 BTS3012A SDH chain connection
5-3
BTS3012A

Chapter 6 BTS Lightning Protection Grounding

6.1 Overview
Lightning protection system for communication equipment includes external lightning
protection system and internal lightning protection system. The external lightning
protection system is to protect the equipment against direct lightning stroke, including
lightning receiver, lightning down-leading cable and grounding device. The internal
lightning protection system is to protect the equipment against indirect stroke, such as
thunder bolt induction, reverse lightning stroke, lightning wave intrusion and other
lightning strokes that might cause danger to human beings and the equipment.
The purpose of equipment grounding is to provide the equipment with the capability of
protecting against external electromagnetism interference and to ensure the safety of
human beings and the equipment. The key of lightning protection is grounding,
because a fine grounding can provide the equipment a low-resistance lightning
electricity discharging channel.
6.2 BTS Lightning Protection Principle

6.2.1 Principle and Characteristics
As an outdoor BTS, BTS3012A adopts multiple internal and external lightning
protection measures.
I. External lightning protection measures

BTS3012A adopts the equalized electric potential combining/grounding technology
specified by IEC and ITU-T to ensure that no grounding electric potential difference
will be generated during lightning striking and no damage will be done to the
equipment due to the grounding electric potential difference.
II. Internal lightning protection measures

Measures of internal lightning protection include:
z
AC lightning arrester is installed at the AC input port to prevent the AC from

direct lightning stroke or inductive lightning. The lightning protection index of the
AC input port is 40kA.
6-1

z
E1 lightning protection board is installed at the E1 port of BTS3012A to perform

comprehensive protection to E1 signal ports. The lightning protection index of E1
port is 5kA.
Antenna and feeder lightning arrester is installed at the feeder inlet to protect the
steel tower against the striking current coupled into the feeder when the steel
tower gets lightning stoke.
The equalized electric potential connection and insulation design in the cabinet
can prevent the cabinet from the damage of lightning stroke to a larger extent.
6.2.2 AC Lightning Protection

The overall power for BTS3012A is large, so AC lightning arrester is used at the AC
input port as the first level of lighting protection measures. This parallel lightning
protection can effectively prevent the BTS3012A from the damage of lightning stroke.
It has the following features:
z
Adopts symmetric compound circuits, applicable for the power supply

environment with poor electric network quality.
Adopts temperature-controlled circuit breaking technology with embedded overcurrent protection circuits to prevent the cabinet from the danger of fire..
Common mode and differential mode full protection.
Adopts dual-color luminotrons to indicate the working states of the cabinet.
6.2.3 BTS Trunk Cable Lightning Protection

BTS3012A supports multiple transmission modes, E1 (75coaxial cables and 120
twisted pairs), SDH and microwave transmission. E1 port is liable for lightning
induction; therefore, external lightning protection measures for E1 ports will be
introduced in the following.
Lightning protection board is added at the trunk cable inlet for the lightning protection
at E1 port of BTS3012A. An E1 lightning protection board is installed in the auxiliary
equipment cabinet of BTS3012A, on which 16 E1 connectors, 2 DB37 connectors are
equipped. Refer to Figure 6-1 for the illustration of E1 lightning protection board.
6-2

IN
RX3
RX2
RX1
RX0
TX3
TX2
TX1
TX0
OUT
Figure 6-1 E1 lightning protection board

All E1 cables achieve the lightning protection through the E1 lightning protection
board. The circuits on the board can prevent the lightning current going into the
cabinet through E1 cables when the cabinet gets lightning stroke, and the circuits can
also discharge most of the current through the electricity discharge tube when large
current strikes the cabinet.
6.2.4 Antenna and Feeder Subsystem Lighting Protection

Antenna and feeder lightning protection is to protect the equipment against indirect
lightning stroke, that is,, inductive lightning, which refers to the large current incurred
to the feeder at the moment of lightning strike. Inductive lightning is liable to exert
damage to the equipment.
BTS3012A adopts the following measures to protect the equipment against inductive
lightning.
z
Lightning rod for the antenna. The antenna is within the 45protection range of
the lightning rod.
Three GND points for the feeder. The feeder is grounded reliably at the steel
tower top, steel tower bottom and the external side of the cabinet. When the
height of the steel tower is greater than or equal to 60m, another GND point at
the middle of the steel tower will be added for the metal sheath of the coaxial
feeders.
Antenna and feeder lightning arrester in the cabinet to prevent the lightning from
being induced into the cabinet.
The BTS steel tower and BTS equipment share one grounding network.
6-3

6.3 BTS System Grounding

6.3.1 Cabinet Internal Grounding
The following measures are adopted for cabinet internal grounding:
z
Grounding terminals are installed at the cable outlet port, the bottom and the
door of the cabinet.
Bus bar is installed to the main equipment cabinet, with public grounding cables.
And the equipment is connected to the ground of the cabinet through the
grounding cables.
BTS3012A metal components have high electric conductivity and there is no

insulation paint on the connection points of metal components.
Cabinet frames, power distribution unit and PSU are all equipped with metal
shells, which are reliably connected to the metal mechanical parts in the cabinet.
6.3.2 Cabinet External Grounding

Two measures shall be used for cabinet external grounding:
z
The PGND of the BTS3012A shall be connected to the nearest PGND copper
bar provided by the office party.
If cabling rack is used for installation, the two ends of the cabling rack shall be
led to the ground through separate grounding cables to release the excess
electric charge caused by the lightning strike on the antenna & feeder and the
electric induction.
6.3.3 AC Lightning Arrester Grounding

Use the following two measures for AC lightning arrester grounding:
z
Install grounding device near AC lighting arrester and connect the grounding
cables of the AC lightning arrester directly to the GND of the grounding device.
Adopt dual-color (yellow and green) plastic insulation copper-core conducting
cables with cross section area no less than 25mm2 and cable length less than
10cm.
The grounding device of the AC lightning arrester is well connected to the

mechanical parts of the cabinet, and their contact resistance is less than 50 m.
6.3.4 Transmission Equipment Grounding

z
Grounding bar is installed near the transmission equipment. The GND cables
from the transmission equipment are directly connected to the grounding bar.
The dual-color (yellow and green) plastic insulation copper-core conducting
6-4

cables with cross section area less than 25mm2 and cable length less than 20cm
are used for the grounding cables.
z
The grounding bar of the transmission equipment is well connected to the

mechanical parts of the cabinet, and their contact resistance is less than 50m.
6.3.5 Metal Sheath Grounding for Overhead E1 and HDSL Cables

z
Metal sheath grounding clamp for dedicated E1 overhead cables can be used for
transmission lightning protection equipment.
6.3.6 BTS Surge Protector Grounding

z
The grounding cables of the antenna and feeder lightning arrester is connected
to the nearest grounding bar, which is connected to the grounding of the cabinet.
The grounding cables of E1 lightning arrester are grounded through the

mechanical parts of the cabinet, and they are less than 20cm.
6-5

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Chapter 1 Introduction to Auxiliary System ..................................................

1.1 Overview ................................................................................................

Chapter 2 Power Supply System ....................................................................

2.1 AC/DC Distribution Unit ..........................................................................

Chapter 3 Environment Monitoring System ..................................................

3.1 Overview ................................................................................................

Chapter 4 Temperature Adjustment System .................................................

4.1 Overview ................................................................................................

Chapter 5 Transmission Mode .......................................................................

5.1 E1 Transmission .....................................................................................

Chapter 6 BTS Lightning Protection Grounding ..........................................

6.1 Overview ................................................................................................

6.3.3 AC Lightning Arrester Grounding ...................................................

M900/M1800 BTS3012A Base Transceiver Station

M900/M1800 BTS3012A Base Transceiver Station

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

2004 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved

, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET,

, ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium,

About This Manual

Technical marketing specialists

Installation engineers and technicians

Operation and maintenance personnel

Normal paragraphs are in Arial.

Warnings, Cautions, Notes and Tips are in Arial Narrow.

Headings are in Boldface.

Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the

Technical Manual Auxiliary System

Technical Manual Auxiliary System

6.3.2 Cabinet External Grounding.................................................................................... 6-4

Technical Manual Auxiliary System

Chapter 1 Introduction to Auxiliary System

Chapter 1 Introduction to Auxiliary System

Figure 1-1 BTS3012A auxiliary system composition

1.2 Introduction to Auxiliary System

II. Environemtn monitoring system

Technical Manual Auxiliary System

Chapter 1 Introduction to Auxiliary System

III. Temperature adjustment system

IV. BTS transmission equipment

V. BTS lightning protection grounding

Technical Manual Auxiliary System

Chapter 2 Power Supply System

Chapter 2 Power Supply System

2.1 AC/DC Distribution Unit

Figure 2-1 AC/DC distribution principle

2.1.2 Introduction to AC/DC Distribution Unit

Technical Manual Auxiliary System

Chapter 2 Power Supply System

(1) AC switch box

(2) DC switch box

Figure 2-2 AC/DC distribution box

Current limiting specification

Power supply switch for current

Power supply switch for main

AC supply switch for TCU

Power supply switch for the sockets

Table 2-2 describes the switches/sockets on the DC switch box.

Current limiting specification

Fan switch for auxiliary equipment