Section 2 API-653 Practice Questions

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,
Repair, Alteration, & Reconstruction
Issue Date
03/98
Revision Date
07/99
Page
1
Section 1 - Introduction
1. API-653 covers which of the following types of tanks?
a) Carbon and low alloy steel tanks built to ASME Section VIII, Div.1
b) Carbon and low alloy steel tanks built to ASME Section X
c) Carbon and low alloy steel tanks built to API - 650 and 12C
d) Carbon and low alloy steel tanks built to API - 510
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 1.1.1
2. API-653 provides the requirements for construction of which of the following?
a) Process pressure vessels
b) Aboveground petroleum storage tanks
c) LNG Storage spheres
d) This standard does not provide construction requirements
3. API-653 provides for all but which of the following with regard to aboveground storage
tanks?
a) Repair
b) Operation
c) Relocation
d) Alteration
4. The scope of API-653 is limited to all of the following except?
a) Tank foundation
b) Tank Bottom
c) Tank roof
d) Tank mixing motor
5. The API-653 standards states that many of the requirements for design, welding, and
materials of API-650 and API-12C can be applied with regard to _____.
a) Repair, inspection, rating, and alteration.
b) Repair, personnel assignment, maintenance, and inspection.
c) Inspection, product in storage, rating, and alteration.
d) Alteration, refinery equipment, electrical controls, and repair.
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6.
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Revision Date
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In the application of the requirements for welding, design, and materials of API-650 or
API-12C to in-service aboveground storage tanks (AST), which of the following code or
standard takes precedence?
a) ASME Section VIII, Pressure Vessels
b) API-12C
c) API-653
d) API-650

7. The API-653 Standard may only be applied to aboveground storage tanks (AST) that
have been constructed to and meet the requirements of API-650.
a) True
b) False
8. The use of API-653 is intended for organizations that have personnel who are technically
trained and experienced in which of the following?
a) All ASME, AWS, ASNT, and API Codes and Standards
b) Tank design, fabrication, repair, construction, and inspection
c) Refinery operations, safety requirements, personnel management, and refinery
design
d) Mechanical integrity program, OSHA regulations compliance program, and
Process Safety Management
9. When design and construction details are not given and not available in the original
construction standard, then details that will provide a level of integrity equal to the
current edition of what Code or Standard must be used?
a) ASME Section VIII, Division 1, Pressure Vessels
b) ASME Section VIII Division 2, Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels
c) API- 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage
d) API-12C Steel Storage Tanks for Oil Storage
10. Ultimate responsibility for compliance with this standard rests with ____?
a) The Owner/Operator
b) The Owner/Operators Inspector
c) The repair organization of the Owner/Operator
d) The manufacturer of the AST
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 1.2
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11. According to API-653, if any provision presents a direct or implied conflict with any
statutory regulation, the regulation governs. What governs if API-653 requirements are
more stringent than the statutory regulation?
a) The statutory regulation applies in all cases
b) The conflict must be submitted to the American Petroleum Institute for resolution
c) The owner/operator has the option of applying the requirement best suited to the
situation
d) The API-653 requirements shall govern
12. Safe working practices shall comply with what requirements concerning confined space
entry?
a) Procedures must comply with any trade developed safety precautions
b) Procedures must comply with any federal or state regulations
c) Procedures need only comply with owner/operator/s requirements
d) Procedures need only comply with NFPA requirements
Answers to API-653 Section 1, Introduction

Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Answer
C
D
B
D
A
C
B
B
C
A
D
B
Should you find a mistake or disagree with any answer listed, please bring it to our attention
for correction or clarification.
BAY Technical Associates, Inc. has attempted to provide answers developed from paragraphs
of the respective Code, Standard, or Recommended Practice.
You can reach BAY Tech by phone at (610) 594-9036, by fax at (610) 594-2612, or by
e-mail at byagle@gte.net.
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Issue Date
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Revision Date
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Page
4
Section 2 Suitability for Service

1. When must an evaluation, to determine the suitability for continued use, be conducted?
a) Evaluations shall be conducted when a tank inspection reveals a change has
occurred from the original physical condition of the tank.
b) Evaluations shall be conducted at least annually
c) Evaluations shall be conducted at an interval not to exceed the calculated tank
inspection frequency.
d) Evaluations shall be conducted once each ten years of service
2. What factors are required for consideration when performing an evaluation for continued
use of an AST?
a) Only those listed in API-653
b) The recommended list of considerations provided in API-510 can be modified to
suit this purpose
c) Engineering analysis and judgement required for each situation
d) Only those items requested by the Certified Aboveground Storage Tank Inspector
3. Roof plates corroded to an average thickness of less that ____ inch in any ___ square
inch area shall be repaired of replaced.
a) 0.9 inch in any 100 square inch area
b) 0.09 inch in any 10 square inch area
c) 0.09 inch in any 144 square inch area (1 square foot)
d) 0.09 inch in any 100 square inch area
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 2.2.1.2
4. The method of inspecting roof support members shall be acceptable to whom?
a) The manufacturer of the AST
b) The responsible inspector
c) The Owner/Operators design engineering department
d) The operations manager
5. During the inspection of fixed roof support members, particular attention must be given
to .
a) Severe external corrosion of the roof plate where support structures are attached
b) Severe internal corrosion of pipe columns
c) Severe internal corrosion of the roof plate where support structures are attached
d) Deterioration of wind girders at the point of attachment
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6. Inspection of floating roofs is limited to roof plates and pontoons.

a) True
b) False
7. Evaluation of existing floating roofs shall be based on the criteria of
a) API-650, Appendix C for external floating roofs and Appendix H for internal
floating roofs
b) API-510 Paragraph 6.4.3 for external floating roofs and 6.5.3 for internal
c) ASME Section VIII, Div 1 Appendix C for external floating roofs and Appendix
H for internal
d) ASME Section VIII, Div. 2 Alternative Rules
8. What API Standard or Recommended Practice must be used for evaluating the effects of
design partial vacuum on tank roofs?
a) API Standard 620
b) API Standard 650
c) API Recommended Practice 651
d) API Recommended Practice 652
9. Above what operating temperature shall API Standard 650, Appendix M, be considered
before changing the service of a tank?
a) 500F
b) 400F
c) 300F
d) 200F
10. Under what conditions may a tank be operated at a temperature lower than the original
design?
a) When the requirements for impact testing of ASME Section VIII, Division 1 have
been met
b) When the requirements of the applicable standard or API Standard 650 have been
met
c) When the requirements of ASTM Specification A-370 have been met
d) When the requirements of ASTM Specification A-20 have been met
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11. Flaws, deterioration, or other conditions that might adversely affect the performance or
structural integrity of the shell of an existing tank must be evaluated. Personnel
experienced in tank design shall conduct the evaluation. This analysis shall take into
account any of the following except
a) Fluid static head
b) Internal and external pressure
c) Organization that manufactured the tank
d) Seismic loads
12. Of the following, which is not an option available to the owner/operator if it is not
possible to satisfy the requirements for minimum thickness calculations for a welded
tank?
a) Repair damaged areas
b) Reduce allowable liquid level
c) Retire the tank
d) Reduce the fill rate so the tank fills slower and applies pressure gradually
13. Out-of-roundness, buckled areas, flat spots, and peaking and banding of welded joints are
all examples of _____.
a) Shell Distortions
b) Flaws
c) Discontinuities
d) Severe damage
14. Shell distortions require the tank to be immediately removed from service and inspected.
a) True
b) False
15. Flaws such as cracks or laminations shall be thoroughly examined to determine their
nature and extent and the need for repairs.
a) True
b) False
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16. What if anything should be done with cracks in the shell-to-bottom weld?
a) These cracks can be sealed with caulking and the tank returned to service
b) The welds can have a cover weld pass applied over them to prevent leakage
c) Cracks of this type are critical and the tank must be retired from service since
repairs are prohibited.
d) Cracks in the shell-to-bottom weld are critical and shall be removed and the weld
repaired
17. Internal pitting and pitting rates in the anticipated service, corrosion of weld joints (weld
and heat affected zone), weld joint cracking history, and stresses placed on the bottom
plates by roof support loads and shell settlement are all examples of causes of what type
of failure?
a) Annular ring failure
b) Shell plate failure at first shell course
c) Bottom failure
d) Fatigue failure due to repeated jacking of floor plates
18. Underside corrosion (normally in the form of pitting), inadequate drainage resulting in
surface water flowing under the tank bottom, lack of an annular plate ring when required,
uneven settlement that results in high localized stresses in the bottom plates, and
inadequate provision for movement of roof support columns and other supports are all
examples of causes of what type of failure?
a) Shell plate failure at first course
b) Bottom failure
c) Failure of support columns due to hydraulic compression
d) Creep cracking failure
19. Of the following what has historically not been a cause of bottom failures?
a) Non-homogeneous fill under the tank bottom
b) Rock or gravel foundation pads with inadequately filled-in surface voids
c) Inadequate inspection frequency
d) Inadequately supported sumps
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20. Where would you look to find the basis for cathodic protection systems for the underside
of tank bottoms?
a) API Recommended Practice 651
b) API Recommended Practice 652
c) API Standard 2015
d) API Standard 2207
21. Where would you look to find procedures and practices for protecting tank bottoms with
internal lining?
a) API Recommended Practice 651
b) API Recommended Practice 652
c) API Standard 2015
d) API Standard 2207
22. What two methods may be used in quantifying the remaining thickness of tank bottoms?
a) Drilling and actual measurement
b) Ultrasonic and radiography
c) Deterministic and probabilistic
d) Detailed stress analysis and plate deformation measurement
23. Unless a stress analysis is performed, what is the minimum thickness of bottom plates in
the critical zone?
a) Smaller of the original bottom plate thickness or 50% of tmin of the lower shell
course but not less than 0.1 inch.
b) Smaller of the original bottom plate thickness or 25% of tmin of the lower shell
c) Smaller of the original bottom plate thickness or 75% of tmin of the lower shell
d) Smaller of the original bottom plate thickness or 50% of tmin of the lower shell
24. When repairing internal pitting for the extension of in-service operating period, the repair
shall be by any of the following methods except.
a) Pit welding
b) Brazing
c) Overlay welding
d) Lap Patching
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25. The thickness of the bottom plate projection beyond the shell, measured at the toe of the
weld of the outside bottom-to-shell fillet weld shall be not less than?
a) 0.25 inch
b) 0.01 inch
c) 0.50 inch
d) 0.10 inch
26. The projection of the bottom plate beyond the toe of the shell-to-bottom weld shall be at
least?
a) 0.125 inch
b) 0.250 inch
c) 0.375 inch
d) 0.500 inch
27. An aboveground storage tank contains a fluid with a specific gravity of less than one. The
thickness of the plate in the first course is 7/8. What is the minimum thickness of the
annular plate ring, seismic loading is not a consideration, and the stress in the first course
is 27,850 pound per square inch?
a) 0.22 inch
b) 0.31 inch
c) 0.20 inch
d) 0.23 inch
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 2.4.8.2 and Table 2-3
28. An aboveground storage tank contains a fluid with a specific gravity of greater than one.
The thickness of the plate in the first course is 7/8. What is the minimum thickness of
the annular plate ring, seismic loading is not a consideration, and the hydrostatic test
stress in the first shell course is 27,850 pound per square inch?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1 / 4 inch
3 / 8 inch
9 / 32 inch
11 / 32 inch
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 2.4.8.3 and Table 3-1 API-650

29. Settlement, erosion, cracking, and deterioration of concrete are all examples of which of the
following principle modes of failure or deterioration?
a) Annular plate ring failure
b) Shell-to-bottom weld failure
c) Deterioration of walkways and roadways
d) Deterioration of foundations
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30. To ensure suitability for service, what is the minimum permitted frequency of tank
foundation inspection?
a) Annually
b) Every five years
c) Monthly
d) Periodically
Reference: API-653 Paragraphs 2.5.1.1 & 4.3.1.2
31. Distortion of anchor bolts and excessive cracking of concrete structures may be
indications of what two conditions?
a) Serious foundation settlement of a tank overpressure uplift condition
b) Inferior material used in the anchor bolts and the concrete structure
c) Over tightening of the anchor bolts and improper mixing of the concrete
d) The tank was struck by lightning and wind caused movement of the tank
Message to the student:
API-653 Paragraph 2.5.1.2 contains descriptions of some mechanisms of concrete
deterioration. It would be in your best interest to read these descriptions carefully and
understand them. The examination may contain questions that would require you to know the
definition of one or more of these modes of deterioration.
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Issue Date
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Revision Date
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Answers to API-653 Section 2, Suitability for Service

Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Answer
A
C
D
B
B
B
A
A
D
B
C
D
A
B
A
D
C
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
D
C
B
C
D
C
A
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Revision Date
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Section 3 Brittle Fracture Considerations

1. Incidents of tank failure due to brittle fracture have occurred shortly after erection during
hydrostatic testing or in all but which of the following incidents?
a) On the first filling in cold weather
b) After a change to a higher temperature service
c) After a change to a lower temperature service
d) After a repair or alteration
2. The risk of tank failure due to brittle fracture is considered minimal after what
condition(s)?
a) The tank has demonstrated its ability to withstand the combined effects of
maximum liquid level (highest stresses) and highest operating temperature
b) The tank has demonstrated its ability to withstand the combined effects of
intermediate liquid level (highest stresses) and lowest operating temperature
c) The tank has demonstrated its ability to withstand the combined effects of
maximum liquid level (highest stresses) and lowest operating temperature
d) The tank has demonstrated its ability to withstand the combined effects of
maximum liquid level (highest stresses) and intermediate operating temperature
3. If it is decided to change the service to a more severe service, it is necessary to
a) Consider the need for pneumatically testing the entire tank
b) Consider the need to recalculate the effectiveness of all reinforcement of openings
c) Consider the need for hydrostatic testing
d) Consider removing all previous welded repairs and have them redone
4. If a tank shell thickness is less than _____ inch, and an evaluation in accordance with
Section 2 of API-653 has been performed, the risk of brittle fracture is considered to be
minimal.
a) 0.01
b) 0.10
c) 0.05
d) 0.50
5. No known tank failures attributed to brittle fracture have occurred at shell metal
temperatures of _____F and above.
a) -20
b) 20
c) 40
d) 60
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6. According to industry experience and laboratory tests, what membrane stress is required
to caused failure due to brittle fracture?
a) 6 ksi
b) 7 ksi
c) 10 ksi
d) 12 ksi
7. What is the lowest temperature that a tank, constructed of carbon steel of unknown
toughness, may be used? The maximum thickness of the shell is .625
a) 40F
b) 45F
c) 50F
d) 55F
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 3.3.7 and Figure 3-2
8. What is the purpose of Figure 3-1 of API-653?
a) Provides a procedure to be used in the evaluation of the remaining life of tank
bottom plates
b) Provides a procedure to be used in the evaluation of the likelihood of floating roof
pontoon failure
c) Provides an assessment procedure for evaluating aboveground storage tanks
operating at 15 psi
d) Provides an assessment procedure for evaluating atmospheric aboveground
storage tanks
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 3.3 and Figure 3-1
Answers to API-653 Section 3, Brittle Fracture Considerations
Question Number
Answer
1
B
2
C
3
C
4
D
5
D
6
B
7
A
8
D
for correction or clarification. BAY Technical Associates, Inc. has attempted to provide
answers developed from paragraphs of the respective Code, Standard, or Recommended
Practice.
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Section 4 Inspection
1. What is the purpose of periodic in-service inspection?
a) The purpose of periodic in-service inspection, assure job security for inspectors
b) The purpose of periodic in-service inspection, assure proper operation of AST
c) The purpose of periodic in-service inspection is to assure continued tank integrity
d) The purpose of periodic in-service inspection is to assure OSHA compliance
2. Of the following, which is not a consideration that must be addressed in determining
inspection intervals for ASTs?
a) Corrosion prevention systems
b) Inspection interval of other equipment located near the tank under consideration
c) Changes in service (including changes in water bottoms)
d) Previous inspection results
3. What methods of inspection must be considered when establishing inspection
frequencies?
a) On-stream core sample inspection
b) On-stream nondestructive inspection
c) In-service aerial inspection
d) In-service groundwater inspection
4. Close visual inspections of aboveground storage tanks, from the ground, are required.
Owner/operator personnel who may be other than the Authorized Inspector may perform
this inspection. The interval of such inspections shall not exceed:
a) At least every five years or 1/4 the corrosion rate life of the shell whichever is less
b) 12 months
c) 6 months
d) 1 month
5. All tanks shall be given a visual external inspection, by an Authorized Inspector, at what
frequency?
a) Inspection conducted at least every 20 years or at the quarter corrosion rate of the
bottom whichever is less
b) Inspection conducted at least every 5 years or at the quarter corrosion rate of the
bottom whichever is less
c) Inspection conducted at least every 5 years or at the quarter corrosion rate of the
shell whichever is less
d) Inspection conducted at least every 20 years or at the quarter corrosion rate of the
shell whichever is less
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6. External ultrasonic thickness measurements of the shell, while the tank is in service, can
be a means of determining rate of uniform corrosion. The extent of UT measurements
shall be determined by the owner/operator. What is maximum interval of such thickness
measurements when the corrosion rate is not known?
a) Five years
b) Three years
c) One year
d) Every three months until the corrosion rate is established
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.3.3.2a.
7. The minimum thickness of a tank was established at 0.585 inch. The shell was fabricated
from 3/4 inch plate and included a 0.125 inch corrosion allowance. The tank has been in
service for eight years and current ultrasonic thickness measurements reveal an average
thickness of 0.712 inch. Based on this information determine when the next ultrasonic
thickness measurements will be required.
a) Fifteen years
b) Thirteen years
c) Eleven years
d) Nine years
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.3.3.2b.
8. Internal inspections are primarily required to do all but which of the following?
a) Ensure the internal surfaces of the tank are thoroughly cleaned periodically
b) Identify and evaluate any tank bottom settlement
c) Ensure that the bottom is not severely corroded and leaking
d) Gather data necessary for the minimum bottom and shell thickness assessments
9. When can the required internal inspection be performed by some method other than visual
inspection?
a) Substitution of the visual inspection is never permitted
b) If the internal inspection is required solely for determining the condition and integrity of
the tank bottom
c) If the internal inspection is required solely for determining the condition and integrity of
the tank critical zone
d) If the internal inspection is required solely for determining the condition and integrity of
the tank roof support structure

10. According to API-653, all tanks shall have a formal internal inspection conducted at intervals
defined by this standard. Who is required to conduct the visual inspection?
a) The corrosion engineer
b) The person designated by the Authorized Inspector
c) The authorized Inspector
d) The person designated by the owner user
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11. Intervals between internal inspections shall be determined by the corrosion rates
measured during previous inspections or anticipated based on experience with tanks in
similar service. The internal inspection interval shall not exceed how many years?
a) Ten years
b) Fifteen years
c) Twenty years
d) Twenty-five years
12. What is the minimum thickness permitted at the next inspection for a tank bottom
designed with a means to provide detection and containment of a bottom leak?
a) 0.01 inch
b) 0.10 inch
c) 0.50 inch
d) 0.05 inch
Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.4.2.1 & 2.4.7.4
13. In cases where corrosion rates are not known and similar service experience is not
available, the bottom plate actual thickness shall be determined by inspection(s) within
how many years?
a) 25 years
b) 20 years
c) 15 years
d) 10 years
14. Which of the following is a recognized alternative to internal inspection interval
described in API-653?
a) Risk-based Inspection procedures (RBI)
b) Hydrostatically testing the tank every five years
c) Performing complete calculations for minimum required thickness of the tank
shell and bottom
d) API-653 does not permit any alternatives to the internal inspection intervals
15. Of the following, which would not be a factor to be considered in a Risk-based
assessment of a tank?
a) Availability and effectiveness of inspection methods and quality of data collected
b) The methods used for determining the thickness of the shell and bottom plates
c) Effectiveness of corrosion mitigation methods
d) Names of all operators since the initial start-up of the tank
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16. The owner/operator is required to maintain complete record file consisting of three types
of records. Which of the following is not one of the three types of records.
a) Repair/alteration history
b) Fill cycles
c) Construction
d) Inspection
17. General inspection reports shall include which of the following?
a) Metal thickness measurement, repairs, conditions found, settlement
measurements, and recommendations
b) Metal thickness measurement, repairs, operational upsets, settlement
measurements, and recommendations
c) Metal thickness measurement, repairs, conditions found, name of organization
performing environmental impact study, and recommendations
d) Metal thickness measurement, list of all personnel who have worked on the tank
since the last inspection, conditions found, settlement measurements, and
recommendations
Note to Student: Be sure to know all the requirements for Inspector Qualifications. Questions
can appear on the exam requiring you to know one, two, or all of these qualification
requirements. You will find these requirements are similar to those found in Inspector
Certification programs for API-510 and API-570.
Answers to API-653 Section 4, Inspection
Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Answer
c
b
b
d
c
a
b
a
b
Question Number
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Answer
c
c
d
d
a
d
b
a
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Section 5 Materials
1. All new materials used for repair, alteration, and reconstruction shall conform to which of
the following?
a) The existing material code at the time of original construction
b) The latest NFPA Code
c) The current applicable tank standards
d) Any ASME Code specification for P-1 material
Reference: API-653, Paragraph 5.2
2. All shell plates and bottom plates welded to the shell shall be identified. Material
identified by any of the following except _____ does not require further identification?
a) Original contract drawings
b) API name plates
c) Suitable documentation
d) Owner/operator's experience with similar tanks in similar service constructed of
similar material
Reference: API-653, Paragraph 5.3.1.1
3. Each individual plate for which adequate identification can not be made; the plate shall
be _______.
a) Subjected to chemical analysis and mechanical tests as required in ASTM A6 and
A370 including Charpy V-Notch
b) Subjected to chemical analysis and mechanical tests as required in ASTM A20
and A333 including Charpy V-Notch
c) Subjected to Brinell hardness analysis and mechanical tests as required in ASTM
A6 and A370 including Charpy V-Notch
d) Subjected to Brinell hardness analysis and mechanical tests as required in ASTM
A20 and A333 including Charpy V-Notch
4. Under what condition does API-653 require two tension specimens shall be taken at right
angles to each other from a corner of each plate? One of those specimens must meet the
specification requirements.
a) When the direction of rolling is not definitely known
b) When the welding will be conducted at a temperature less than 32F
c) When the plate is not a full size plate and may be installed with the grain running
vertical
d) When the material is not a P-1 material
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5. Even when a material is identified, all shell plates and bottom plates welded to the shell
shall meet what minimum requirements?
a) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for the application
with regard to thickness and design temperature given in ASME Section II, Part A
b) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for the application
with regard to thickness and design temperature given in API Standard 650
c) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for the application
with regard to thickness and design temperature given in the owner/operator's
engineering design
d) The chemistry and mechanical properties of material specified for the application
with regard to thickness and design temperature given in the contract for the tank
repair, alteration, or reconstruction
6. Is it permissible to reuse existing rolled structural shapes? If so what specification
applies?
a) Yes, existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of ASTM A-20 as
a minimum
b) Yes, existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of ASTM A-370
as a minimum
c) Yes, existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of ASTM A-6 as
a minimum
d) Yes, existing rolled structural shapes shall meet the requirement of ASTM A-7 as
a minimum
Reference: API-653, Paragraph 5.3.2
7. Flange material must meet the minimum requirements of the material specifications of
the current applicable standard.
a) True
b) False
8. Fasteners shall meet the material specifications of the current applicable standard.
a) True
b) False
9. If existing plates are to be used to reconstruct the tank, they shall be checked for which of
the following?
a) Chemical compatibility with other plates used in the reconstruction
b) Excessive corrosion and pitting
c) Mechanical strength including impact properties
d) Inadequately reinforced openings
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Answers to API-653 Section 5, Materials

Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Answer
C
D
A
A
B
D
B
A
B
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Revision Date
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Section 6 Design Considerations for Reconstructed Tanks

1. Design considerations other than normal product loading shall be specified by the _____.
a) Organization performing the reconstruction
b) Authorized Inspector
c) Owner/operator
d) Registered professional engineer contracted by the repair organization
Reference API 653 Paragraph 6.1
2. Weld joint details shall meet the requirements of which of the following?
a) API Standard 650
b) ASME Section IX only
c) The applicable standard
d) AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code
Reference API 653 Paragraph 6.2.1
3. The thickness to be used for each shell course when checking tank design shall be based
on:
a) Measurements taken within 30 days prior to relocation
b) Measurements taken within 60 days prior to relocation
c) Measurements taken within 120 days prior to relocation
d) Measurements taken within 180 days prior to relocation
4. The maximum liquid level for hydrostatic test shall be determined by using which of the
following?
a) The nominal thickness of each shell course at the time of original construction
b) The actual thickness measured for each shell course
c) The anticipated thickness for each shell course at the time of next thickness
measurements
d) Twice the anticipated thickness for each shell course at the time of next thickness
measurements
5. The joint efficiency and allowable stress levels for existing welded joints that are not to
be removed and replaced shall be based on which of the following?
a) Original construction standard
b) Original degree and type of inspection
c) Current construction standard
d) Current degree and type of inspection
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6. Replacement and new penetrations shall be designed, detailed, welded, and examined to
meet what requirements?
a) The current applicable standard
b) The original standard of construction
c) The requirements of the Authorized Inspector
d) The requirements of the owner/operator
7. Existing penetrations shall be evaluated for compliance with what requirements?
a) The current applicable standard
b) The original standard of construction
c) The requirements of the Authorized Inspector
d) The requirements of the owner/operator
8. With regard to seismic design, reconstructed tanks shall be built to meet the stability
requirements of:
a) The requirements of the owner/operator
b) The requirements of the Authorized Inspector
c) The original standard of construction
d) The applicable standard
Reference API 653 Paragraph 6.8
Answers to API-653 Section 6, Design

Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Answer
C
C
D
B
B
A
B
D
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Revision Date
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Section 7 Tank Repair and Alteration

1. The basis for repairs and alterations shall be equivalent to which of the following?
a) API-653
b) API-650
c) API-510
d) API-570
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.1.1
2. The minimum dimension for a replacement shall plate shall be _____ inches or ____
times the thickness of the replacement plate whichever is ______.
a) 12, 12, greater
b) 12, 12, lesser
c) 18, 18, greater
d) 18, 18, lesser
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.2.2.1
3. Unless an entire shell plate is replaced, the replacement plate may be circular, oblong,
square or rectangular provide the corners are
a) Provided with a radius of at least 1 inch
b) Provided with a radius of at least 3% of the short dimension of the plate
c) Provided with a radius of at least 3 inches
d) Provided with rounded corners
4. Prior to welding the new vertical joints, the existing horizontal joints shall be cut for a
minimum distance of _____ inches beyond the new vertical joints.
a) Six
b) Eight
c) Twelve
d) Sixteen
5. Vertical joints shall be welded before the horizontal joints.
a) True
b) False
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6. For existing shell plates over thick, the outer edge of the butt weld, attaching the
replacement shell plate shall be at least _____ times the weld thickness or _____ inches
whichever is greater from the outer edge of any existing butt-welded shell joints.
a) 12, 10
b) 10, 12
c) 8, 10
d) 10, 8
7. For existing shell plates thick and less, the outer edge of the butt weld, attaching the
replacement shell plate may be reduced to _____ inches from the outer edge of vertical
joints or _____ inches from the outer edge of horizontal joints.
a) 10, 8
b) 9, 6
c) 6, 9
d) 6, 3
8. For existing shell plates over thick, the outer edge of the butt weld, attaching the
replacement shell plate shall be at least _____ times the weld size or _____ inches,
whichever is greater, from the edge (toe) of the fillet weld attaching the bottom shell
course to the bottom. This rule does not apply if the replacement shell plate extends to
and intersects with the bottom-to-shell joint at approximately _____ degrees.
a) 8, 10, 45
b) 8, 10, 90
c) 8, 10, 60
d) There are no exceptions
9. The edge of any vertical weld joint attaching a replacement plate shall be at least how far
from the edge of the weld joint in the annular plate ring or sketch plate?
a) Eight inches
b) Ten inches
c) Twelve inches
d) Six inches
10. Lapped patch shell repairs are an acceptable form of repair for butt-welded, lap-welded,
and riveted tank shell only when specified by:
a) The Authorized Inspector
b) Repair organization
c) The insurance company
d) The owner/operator
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11. Lapped patch shell repairs are not permitted on shell courses exceeding what thickness?
a) inch
b) inch
c) 1 inch
d) 1 inch
12. When a lapped patch shell repair is used, what is the minimum thickness permitted for
the repair plate?
a) Not less than .25 inch
b) Not less than .1875 inch
c) Not less than .50 inch
d) Not less than .375 inch
13. Repair plates for lapped patch repairs may square or rectangular in shape. These plates
must be provided with a corner radius of at least what dimension?
a) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 1 inch
b) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 2 inches
c) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 3 inches
d) They shall be rounded to a minimum radius of 4 inches
14. The maximum dimension of the lapped patch repair plate vertically and horizontally shall
not exceed:
a) 24 inches vertically and 36 inches horizontally
b) 36 inches vertically and 48 inches horizontally
c) 48 inches vertically and 72 inches horizontally
d) There are no maximum dimensions
15. The minimum lapped patch repair plate dimension is what length?
a) 6 inches
b) 8 inches
c) 10 inches
d) 12 inches
16. Is it permissible to install a shell opening and its reinforcement within a properly
designed lapped patch shell repair?
a) Yes
b) No
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17. When a lapped patch repair plate is used to reinforce the thickness of a shell, which of the
following is correct?
a) The repair plate thickness shall be based on the latest edition of API-650 and 653
using a joint efficiency not exceeding 0.35
b) The repair plate thickness shall be based on the applicable standard of
construction and API Standard 653 using a joint efficiency not exceeding 0.35
c) The repair plate thickness shall be based on the latest edition of API-650 and 653
using a joint efficiency not exceeding 0.70
d) The repair plate thickness shall be based on the applicable standard of
construction and API Standard 650 using a joint efficiency not exceeding 0.70
18. With regard to the thickness of the repair plate at the perimeter of the repair plate, when a
lapped patch repair plate is used to reinforce the thickness of a shell, which of the
following is correct?
a) The repair plate shall not exceed the thickness of the shell plate by more than 1/4th
but no more than 1/8th inch. The maximum repair plate thickness is 1/2inch.
b) The repair plate shall not exceed the thickness of the shell plate by more than 1/3rd
c) The repair plate shall not exceed the thickness of the shell plate by more than 1/3rd
d) The repair plate shall not exceed the thickness of the shell plate by more than 1/4th
but no more than 1/3rd inch. The maximum repair plate thickness is 1/2inch.
19. Lapped patch repair plates may be used to repair small leaks or minimize the potential of
leaks from isolated pitting. The requirements for thickness and design are the same as for
reinforcement of shell thickness. This type of repair may not be used to repair small leaks
if what condition(s) exists?
a) The leak is located anywhere in the first shell course within 12 inches of a vertical
joint
b) The leak of pit is in an area of the shell where there is a product to atmosphere
interface
c) There is a possibility of severe environmental impact should the repair fail
d) If exposure of the fillet weld to the product would produce crevice corrosion or if
a corrosion cell is likely to occur between the shell plate and the repair plate
20. An alteration to a tank shell by the addition of new plate material shall be performed in
accordance with what standard?
a) Current API 650 and latest addenda
b) API 650 edition and addenda applicable at the time of original tank construction
c) Applicable standard
d) Tanks may not be altered by increasing height
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.5
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Revision Date
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21. Repairs to existing shell penetrations shall be in accordance with

a) API Standard 650
b) API Standard 653
c) API Standard 510
d) National Board Inspection Code
22. API 653 permits the addition of reinforcing plates to existing un-reinforced nozzles. What
requirement is necessary to add this reinforcement to the inside of the tank?
a) The reinforcement plate may not be added to the inside of the plate
b) A telltale hole shall be drilled through the shell opposite the reinforcement plate
c) The reinforcement plate is the same material as the nozzle and is attached to the
nozzle by full penetration weld
d) Sufficient nozzle projection exists
23. The addition or replacement of shell penetrations shall be in accordance with
a) API-650
b) API-650 and API 653
c) API-650 and API 510
d) API-650 and AMSE Section VIII, Division 2
24. Installation or replacement of shell penetrations greater than 2 inches shall be installed
with the use of an insert plate if what condition(s) exists?
a) The penetration is no closer than 12 inches to an existing penetration
b) The shell plate is greater than thickness and the shell plate material does not
meet current metal temperature criteria
c) The penetration is no closer than 10 inches to an existing penetration
d) The shell plate is greater than 3/16 thickness and the shell plate material does not
meet current metal temperature criteria
25. An 8 inch diameter penetration is to be installed in a shell which requires an insert plate.
What is the minimum permitted diameter of the insert plate?
a) Eight inches
b) Twelve inches
c) Sixteen inches
d) Twenty inches
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.8.2(a)
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26. An insert plate containing an opening with a reinforcing plate is to be installed in a tank.
The reinforcing plate diameter is thirty-two inches. What is the minimum diameter of the
insert plate?
a) The insert plate must be 32 inches in diameter
b) The insert plate must be 44 inches in diameter
c) The insert plate must be 32 inches in diameter plus the diameter of the opening
d) The insert plate must be 32 inches in diameter plus twice the diameter of the
opening
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.8.2(b)
27. If an integral reinforcement design is used, the thickness of the insert plate, at its
periphery and for a distance of 2t from the edge of the weld, shall be the same thickness
as the shell. If it is not, the insert plate shall have a ______ taper to match the shell plate
thickness.
a) 1:2
b) 1:3
c) 1:4
d) 1:5
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.8.2(c)
28. When it is necessary to install a new tank bottom above an existing bottom, it may be
necessary to alter existing shell penetrations. This procedure may require the existing
reinforcing plate to be removed and a new reinforcement plate added. This is not
permitted when what condition exists?
a) The assembly was originally hardness tested
b) The existing assembly was not impact tested
c) The existing assembly was fabricated from re-claimed material
d) The existing assembly was stress relieved
29. New reinforcing plates shall be installed in accordance with Fig. 7-2a of API-653. In
order to maintain weld spacing, what shape reinforcing plate is permitted?
a) Oval
b) Diamond
c) Tombstone
d) Circular is the only permitted shape
30. No welding or weld overlays are permitted within the Critical Zone except for welding
of widely scattered pits, cracks in the bottom plates, the shell-to-bottom weld, or where
the bottom or annular plate is being replaced.
a) True
b) False
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.10.1.2.1
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31. API Standard 653 defines the Critical Zone for repairs to tank bottoms as what?
a) That portion of the bottom or annular plate within 3" from the inside edge of the
shell, measured radially inward
b) Within the annular plate ring, within 12 inches of the shell, or within 12 inches of
the inside edge of the annular plate ring
c) That portion of the bottom or annular plate within 6" from the inside edge of the
shell, measured radially inward
d) Within the annular plate ring, within 3" of the shell, or within 12 inches of the
inside edge of the annular plate ring
32. If more extensive repairs are required within the Critical Zone than those listed in
7.10.1.2, what must be done with the bottom plate?
a) As long as the repairs do not involve the bottom plate, nothing needs to be done
b) The bottom plate welded to the shell shall be cut out and a new plate installed
c) The bottom plate shall be subjected to suitable nondestructive examination to
ensure it has not be adversely affected by the repair
d) The bottom plate and the bottom shell course shall be replaced as an assembly
33. When it is necessary to install a new bottom plate over an existing bottom plate, a
suitable ______ material cushion such as sand, gravel or concrete shall be used between
the old bottom and the new bottom.
a) Drainage
b) Compacted
c) Non-corrosive
d) Non-conductive
34. When a new tank bottom has been installed in a floating roof tank, what consideration
must given to the floating roof level?
a) The floating roof will find its own level
b) The support legs can be jacked up or shortened by the same amount as the
thickness of the cushion and new bottom plate
c) The support legs can be jacked up or shortened by the same amount as the
thickness of the cushion
d) The support legs can be jacked up or shortened by the same amount as the
thickness of the new bottom plate
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35. Which of the following is not acceptable when removing an existing tank bottom, with
regard to the separation of the shell from the tank bottom?
a) Cutting the shell parallel to the tank bottom a minimum of above the bottom to
shell weld
b) Removing the entire shell to bottom attachment weld including penetration and
heat affect zone
c) Removing the entire shell to bottom attachment weld by arc gouging and/or
grinding
d) Cutting the shell parallel to the tank bottom a minimum of above the bottom to
shell weld
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.10.2.2(a) and (b)
36. For installation of a new tank bottom in a tank with shell plates of unknown toughness,
not exempted in Table 10-1 of API-653, new welds in the bottom or annular ring shall be
spaced at least the greater of _____ inches or ____t from existing vertical weld joints in
the bottom shell course. (t is the thickness of the bottom shell course)
a) three, five
b) six, five
c) five, three
d) five, six
37.What is the minimum thickness of new roof plates for supported cone roofs?
a) 7/16
b) 5/16
c) 3/16
d) 1/16
38. The nominal thickness of new roof plates for self-supporting roofs shall be equal to or
greater than _____ inch not to exceed _____ inch.
a)
1/4th, 5/8th
b)
5/16th, 1/2
c)
3/16th, 5/16th
d)
3/16th, 1/2
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.11.2.1 and API-650 3.10.5 or 3.10.6
39. Repairs to internal floating roofs shall be made in accordance with the original
construction drawings. To what requirements shall repairs be made if the original
construction drawings are not available?
a) The original construction standard
b) Appendix H of API Standard 650
c) Appendix G of API Standard 650
d) Appendix C of API Standard 650
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40. To minimize evaporation losses and reduce potential hazard to workers, no more than
____ of the roof seal system should be out of an in-service tank at one time.
a) One-eighth
b) One-fourth
c) One-half
d) Three-quarters
41. Mechanical damage to floating roof perimeter seals shall be repaired or replaced. How
are buckled parts handled?
a) They shall be replaced
b) They may be straightened in place
c) They may be heated and bent back into position
d) They may be removed straightened and re-installed
42. With regard to installation of primary and secondary seals, what must be done if the roof
rim thickness is less than 0.10 inch.
a) The roof rim shall be thoroughly inspected for damage and corrosion, if it is
satisfactory then nothing further needs to be done
b) It shall be replaced. The new roof rim shall be 3/16 inch thickness minimum
c) It shall be replaced. The new roof rim shall be 1/4 inch thickness minimum
d) The tank must be condemned and dismantled
43. What is the maximum hot tap connection permitted in an in-service tank with a minimum
shell thickness of 3/8 inch? The material is of recognized toughness.
a) NPS 6
b) NPS 8
c) NPS 14
d) NPS 18
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.14.1.1(a) and Table 7-1
44. The owner/operator requires a connection to be made in an in-service tank. The shell
material is of unknown toughness and the thickness is 1.25. The minimum design metal
temperature is 45F. What is the maximum diameter hot tap connection that may be
installed in this tank?
a) NPS 18
b) NPS 14
c) NPS 8
d) NPS 4
Reference API-653, Paragraph 7.14.1.1(b)(1) and Fig. 7-6
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45. The minimum height of tank liquid relative to the hot tap location shall be at least ______
during the hot tapping operation.
a) The tank liquid shall be at least 3 feet below the hot tap location
b) The tank liquid shall be at least 1 foot above the hot tap location
c) The tank liquid shall be at least 3 feet above the hot tap location
d) The tank liquid shall be at least 1 foot below the hot tap location
46. It is permissible to perform hot taps on the roof of a tank or within the gas/vapor space.
a) True
b) False
47. The owner/operator requires an NPS 3 nozzle to be installed in an in-service tank. The
tank is 110 feet in diameter, 60 feet maximum fill height, shell thickness at the point of
hot tap is .75, and the material is of unknown toughness with a minimum design metal
temperature of 38F. This nozzle is to be installed adjacent to an existing nozzle. What is
the minimum spacing between these nozzles?
a) Minimum distance is 22.24
b) Minimum distance is 9.08
c) Minimum distance is 19.08
d) Minimum distance is 2.24
48. When installing a pipe nozzle into an in-service tank, how shall the pipe nozzle be
prepared?
a) The pipe nozzle must be cut to the contour of the tank and prepared for full fillet
welding
b) The pipe nozzle shall be cut to the contour of the tank and beveled to a depth of
not more than 1/3 the nozzle thickness to ensure partial penetration groove
welding
c) The pipe nozzle shall be cut to the contour of the tank and beveled to a depth of
not less than 1/3 the nozzle thickness to ensure partial penetration groove welding
d) The pipe nozzle shall be cut to the contour of the tank and beveled from the
outside for a full penetration weld
49. After the reinforcing pad is installed, the pad shall be subjected to a pneumatic test.
a) True
b) False
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50. After the valve has been installed on the flange, a pressure test of at least ______ shall be
performed on the nozzle prior to mounting the hot tap machine.
a) The same pressure as the pneumatic test of the reinforcing pad
b) 1.25 times the hydrostatic head
c) 1.5 times the hydrostatic head
d) 2.0 times the hydrostatic head (to account for the added stress of the machine)
Answers to API-653 Section 7, Repair/Alteration

Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Answer
B
A
D
C
A
C
D
B
C
D
A
B
B
D
A
B
B
C
D
C
A
D
B
B
D
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Answers to API-653 Section 7, Repair and Alteration Continued:

Question Number
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
Answer
B
C
D
C
A
A
B
C
B
D
A
C
D
C
B
A
B
C
D
C
B
A
D
A
C
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Section 8 Dismantling and Reconstruction

1. Bottom plates that will be reused shall be cut by de-seaming of lap-welds or by cutting
alongside of the remaining welds at a minimum of _______ away from existing welds.
a) One inch
b) Two inches
c) Four inches
d) Six inches
2. Shell plates may be cut by any of the following methods except
a) Shell rings thick or thinner can be dismantled by cutting through the weld
without removing the heat affected zone
b) Cuts made a minimum of 6 away from existing welds except where cuts cross
existing welds
c) Cuts made a minimum of 2 away from existing welds except where cuts cross
existing welds
d) Any shell ring may be dismantled by cutting out existing weld seams and the heat
affected zone of the weld
3. API-653 requires that new vertical joints in adjacent shell courses not be in alignment.
What is the minimum offset dimension of these joints?
a) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5 inches or 5t which ever is greater
b) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5t where t is the plate thickness of the
thicker course at the point of offset
c) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5t where t is the plate thickness of the
thinner course at the point of offset
d) Vertical joints shall be offset a minimum of 5 inches or 5t which ever is less
4. Roof plates shall be cut by de-seaming of lap-welds or by cutting alongside of the
remaining welds at a minimum of _______ away from existing welds.
a) One inch
b) Two inches
c) Four inches
d) Six inches
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5. In the reconstruction of aboveground storage tanks, welding shall be by any of the following
welding processes except.
a) Submerged arc welding
b) Oxyfuel
c) Gas metal-arc
d) Forging
Reference API-653, Paragraph 8.4.2.2 and API-650 5.2.1
6. No welding of any kind may be performed when the surfaces to be welded are wet from rain,
snow, or ice. When rain or snow is falling or during high wind conditions, welding is permitted
provided:
a) The welder is secured to an anti-fall device and the work is properly grounded
b) The welder has agreed to work in such conditions
c) The welder and the work are properly shielded
d) The owner/operator takes full responsibility for the safety of the welder and the quality of
the welds
7. According to API-653, no welding is permitted when the temperature of the base metal is below
what value?
a) Base metal temperature below -20F
b) Base metal temperature below 0F
c) Base metal temperature below 20F
d) Base metal temperature below 30F
8. If the base metal is greater than 1 thickness or the temperature of the base metal is between 0F
and 32F what requirement does API-653 stipulate?
a) The base metal within 3 inches of the weld area shall be heated to a temperature that is
warm to the hand (approximately 180F)
b) The base metal within 8 inches of the weld area shall be heated to a temperature that is
c) The base metal within 3 inches of the weld area shall be heated to a temperature that is
d) The base metal within 8 inches of the weld area shall be heated to a temperature that is
9. What is the maximum permissible undercut of the base metal for vertical joints?
a) 1/64
b) 1/32
c) 1/19
d) 1/16
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10. What is the maximum permissible undercut of the base metal for horizontal joints?
a) 1/64
b) 1/32
c) 1/19
d) 1/16
11. What is the maximum weld reinforcement thickness permitted on each side of the plate for a
plate, which is 7/8 thick?
Vertical joints
Horizontal joints
a)
3/32
1/8
b)
1/8
3/16
c)
3/16
1/4
d)
1/4
5/16
Reference API-653, Paragraph 8.4.2.6 & Table 8-1
12. Tack welds used in the assembly of vertical joints in tank shells may remain in place when the
joints are welded manually provided:
a) They are properly cleaned of all weld slag
b) They are sound
c) Liquid Penetrant or Magnetic Particle examination is performed
d) They shall not remain
13. What are the requirements for making tack welds according API-653?
a) If the tack weld is to be removed, it must be made using qualified weld procedure and
qualified welder
b) If the tack weld is to remain in place, it must be made using qualified weld procedure and
qualified welder
c) If the tack weld is to remain in place, it may be made using any weld procedure
acceptable to the owner/operator
d) If the tack weld is to be removed, it may be made by any welder wishing to gain
experience provided the process is the SMAW process
14. All coatings must be removed from the weld area prior to welding except weldable primer
coatings. What must done if these primer coatings are used?
a) Weldable primer coatings must also be removed
b) If the coating is applied by brush it may remain provided the application is performed to
a written procedure
c) They shall be included in welding procedure qualification tests for brand, formulation,
and maximum thickness of primer applied
d) They shall be included in welding procedure qualification tests for the method of
application either by brushing or by spraying or a combination of the two.
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15. When welding tank bottoms, when should the shell-to-bottom weld be completed?
a) This joint (except for door sheets) can be welded as soon as the bottom plates are
laid out and welded
b) This joint (except for door sheets) shall be welded as soon as the first bottom weld
joint is completed to prevent distortion
c) This joint (except for door sheets) shall be welded as work progresses around the
tank bottom
d) This joint (except for door sheets) shall be completed before the welding of
bottom joints
16. What is the maximum permissible misalignment of vertical joints in shell plates that are .
9375 thick?
a) .125
b) .09375
c) .009375
d) .0125
17 What is the maximum permissible misalignment of vertical joints in shell plates that are .
625 thick?
a) .0625
b) .00625
c) .125
d) .0125
18. Vertical joints shall be completed before the lower horizontal weld is made.
a) True
b) False
19. In completing horizontal joints, what is the maximum projection of the upper plate,
beyond the face of the lower plate, at any point for plate thickness of 1.125
a) .25
b) .225
c) .125
d) .0125
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20. When welding horizontal and vertical joints constructed of material that is over 1.5
thick, based on the thickness of the thicker part, what is the required preheat temperature?
a) Preheating is not required
b) 140F
c) 200F
d) 300F
21. When shall measurements be taken to verify tolerances of reconstructed tanks?
a) After hydrostatic testing
b) Before hydrostatic testing
c) After lay out of all plates
d) After fit-up and tack welding used for alignment purposes
22. What is the maximum out-of-plumbness of the top of the shell relative to the bottom of
the shell of a tank with a total height of 62.25 feet?
a) 7.47
b) .6225
c) 6.25
d) 5
23. An aboveground storage tank is 115 feet in diameter. What is the maximum or minimum
radius permitted measured at one foot above the shell-to-bottom weld?
Maximum
Minimum
a)
115.75
114.25
b)
690.75
689.25
c)
1380.75
1379.25
d)
115.5
114.5
24. An aboveground reconstructed tank is 126.5 feet in diameter. What is the maximum or
minimum radius permitted measured at the second shell course up from the bottom?
Maximum
Minimum
a)
759.75
758.25
b)
761.25
756.75
c)
1520.25
1515.75
d)
128.75
124.25
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Revision Date
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25. Peaking shall not exceed . This is measured using a horizontal sweep board of what
dimensions?
a) The sweep board shall be 48 long and made to the true outside radius of the tank
b) The sweep board shall be 48 long and made to the true inside radius of the tank
c) The sweep board shall be 36 long and made to the true outside radius of the tank
d) The sweep board shall be 36 long and made to the true inside radius of the tank
26. Banding shall not exceed ____ with a vertical 36 long sweep board.
a) One half inch
b) Three quarter inch
c) One inch
d) One and one eighth inch
27. The top of the concrete ringwall of a reconstructed tank, that is 115 feet in diameter, must be level
within 1/8 in any 30 feet of circumference. What is the tolerance measured from the average
elevation?
a) 1/8
b) 3/16
c) 1/2
d) 1/4
Reference API-653, Paragraph 8.5.6.2(a)
28. Where concrete ringwalls are not provided, the foundation under the shell shall be level to within
what tolerances?
a) 1/8 in any 30 of the circumference and 1/2 in the total circumference measured
from the average elevation
b) 1/8 in any 10 of the circumference and 1/2 in the total circumference measured
c) 1/8 in any 10 of the circumference and 1/4 in the total circumference measured
d) 1/8 in any 30 of the circumference and 1/4 in the total circumference measured
Reference API-653, Paragraph 8.5.6.2(b)
29. For foundations specified to be sloped from a horizontal plane, the actual elevation shall not
deviate from the calculated differences by more than which of the following where concrete
ringwalls are provided?
b) 1/8 in any 10 of the circumference and 1/2 in the total circumference
d) 1/8 in any 30 of the circumference and 1/4 in the total circumference
Reference API-653, Paragraph 8.5.6.3(a)
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30. For foundations specified to be sloped from a horizontal plane, the actual elevation shall not
deviate from the calculated differences by more than which of the following where concrete
ringwalls are not provided?
b) 1/8 in any 10 of the circumference and 1/2 in the total circumference
d) 1/8 in any 30 of the circumference and 1/4 in the total circumference
Reference API-653, Paragraph 8.5.6.3(b)
Answers to API-653 Section 8, Dismantling & Reconstruction
Question Number
Answer
1
b
2
c
3
b
4
b
5
d
6
c
7
b
8
c
9
a
10
b
11
b
12
d
13
b
14
c
15
d
16
b
17
a
18
a
19
c
20
c
21
b
22
d
23
b
24
b
25
c
26
c
27
d
28
b
29
d
30
b
Should you find a mistake or disagree with any answer listed, please bring it to our attention for correction or
clarification.
BAY Technical Associates, Inc. has attempted to provide answers developed from paragraphs of the respective
Code, Standard, or Recommended Practice.
(610) 594-9036

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Revision Date
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42
Section 9 - Welding
1. Welding procedure specifications and welders and welding operators shall be qualified in
accordance with __________.
a) Original code of construction
b) Owner/operators specification
c) Section IX of the ASME Code
d) Repair organizations specifications
2. According to API Standard 653, if the material specification for the steel from an existing
tank is unknown or obsolete what must be done?
a) The material can not be used for tank reconstruction
b) Test coupons for the WPS shall be taken from the actual plate to be used
c) Test coupons for the WPS may be taken from a similar material of known
specification
d) Test coupons for the WPS shall only be taken from weld filler metal and not from
the base metal
3. Each welder and welding operator shall be assigned ________.
a) Only one joint to ensure traceabilitiy
b) A specific welding machine
c) An identifying number, letter, or symbol
d) Weld joints on only one side of the tank
4. How does each welder and welding operator identify the welds produced by them?
a) Each welder and welding operators identification mark shall be hand or machine
stamped adjacent to each completed weld.
b) Each welder and welding operator shall inform the owner/operator which welds
he or she completed
c) Each welder and welding operator shall show the inspector exactly which welds
they completed
d) Each welder and welding operator shall inform the owner/operator which welds
they will be making prior to the start of such welding
5. At what intervals must the welder and welding operators identification be stamped
adjacent to the completed welds?
a) Identification shall be at intervals not to exceed 9 feet
b) Identification shall be at intervals not to exceed 7.5 feet
c) Identification shall be at intervals not to exceed 6 feet
d) Identification shall be at intervals not to exceed 3 feet
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6. In lieu of stamping, a record may be kept that identifies the welder or welding operator
for each welded joint.
a) True
b) False
7. What welds do not require welders identification?
a) All welds require identification
b) Vertical welded joints which are located within the final shell course since this
course will be subjected to relatively low stresses
c) Roof plate welds and flange-to-nozzle-neck welds
d) Roof plate welds and bottom plate welds
Answers to API-653 Section 9, Welding

Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Answer
C
B
C
A
D
A
C
(610) 594-9036

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Revision Date
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Section 10 Examination and Testing

1. Nondestructive examination procedures, qualifications, and acceptance criteria is
required for VT, MT, UT, PT, and RT methods and must be in accordance with what Code
or Standard?
a) ASME Code Section V, Nondestructive examination
b) API Standard 650 only
c) API Standard 650 and the supplements given in API-653
d) Owner/operators specifications
2. Personnel performing nondestructive examination shall be qualified in accordance with
_____.
a) API Standard 650 and the supplemental requirements of API-653
b) ASME Code Section V, Nondestructive Examination
c) SNT-TC-1A
d) The owner/operators specifications
3. When it is necessary to install a hot tap connection or add a reinforcing plate to an
existing un-reinforced penetration, API 653 requires what type, extent, and purpose of
examination.
a) Magnetic particle examination for slight sub-surface discontinuities shall be
performed in an area equal to twice the diameter of the opening
b) Radiographic examination for cracking shall be performed in the immediate area
c) Ultrasonic examination for cracking shall be performed in the immediate area
d) Ultrasonic examination for lamination shall be performed in the immediate area
4. Completed welds attaching nozzle neck to shell, and reinforcing plate to shell and nozzle
neck, shall be examined by _______.
a) Ultrasonic or Radiography
b) Magnetic Particle or Liquid Penetrant
c) Visual examination or Liquid Penetrant
d) Ultrasonic or Magnetic Particle
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5. How and when does API Standard 653 require the examination of welds of completed stress
relieved assemblies?
a) Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies shall be examined visually only after
stress relief and hydrostatic test
b) Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies shall be examined visually as well as by
ultrasonic methods after stress relief but before hydrostatic test
c) Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies shall be examined visually as well as by
magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods after stress relief but before hydrostatic test
d) Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies shall be examined visually or by
radiography after stress relief but before hydrostatic test
6. Completed butt welds between insert plates and the shell require what type and extent of
examination?
a) Complete radiography
b) Spot Radiography
c) Random Radiography
d) Random Spot Radiography
7. In repairing butt weld flaws, what type and extent of examination is required by API-653?
a) Random examination by radiography or ultrasonic methods of the full length of repair
b) Examined full length of the repair by liquid penetrant or magnetic particle methods
c) Examined at three foot intervals by radiography or ultrasonic methods
d) Examined full length of the repair by radiography or ultrasonic methods
8. Completed repairs of fillet welds shall be examined over their full length by the appropriate
nondestructive method listed in API-653.
a) True
b) False
9. With regards to new welds attaching shell plate to shell plate, what method(s) of examination
is/are required on the completed weld?
a) Visual
b) Visual and Radiography
c) Visual and magnetic particle or liquid penetrant
d) Visual and ultrasonic
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10. With regards to new welds attaching shell plate to shell plate for plate thickness greater
than one inch, what additional extent and method of examination is required by API-653?
a) The back gouged surface of the root and final pass (each side) shall be examined
for its complete length by the Inspector
b) The back gouged surface of the root and final pass (each side) shall be examined
for its complete length visually
c) The back gouged surface of the root and final pass (each side) shall be examined
for its complete length by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant
d) The back gouged surface of the root and final pass (each side) shall be examined
for its complete length by ultrasonic
11. New welding on the shell-to-bottom joint shall be inspected for its entire length by _____
and _______ or ________.
a) Visual examination, liquid penetrant , magnetic particle
b) Right-angle vacuum box and solution film, light diesel oil
c) Visual examination, ultrasonic, eddy current
d) Visual examination, wet fluorescent magnetic particle, helium tracer gas
12. In applying light diesel oil to the opposite side of the first pass of new shell-to-bottom
joints, how long must the oil remain on the weld and what is the weld inspected for?
a) The oil shall be allowed to stand at least four hours and the weld inspected for
wicking action
b) The oil shall be allowed to stand at least three hours and the weld inspected for
wicking action
c) The oil shall be allowed to stand at least two hours and the weld inspected for
wicking action
d) The oil shall be allowed to stand at least one hour and the weld inspected for
wicking action
13. The existing weld at the shell-to-bottom joint shall be examined visually and magnetic
particle or liquid penetrant methods, for the full length under a welded-on patch plate.
How much additional shell-to-bottom joint must be examined?
a) Three inches on each side of the patch plate
b) Six inches on each side of the patch plate
c) nine inches on each side of the patch plate
d) twelve inches on each side of the patch plate
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14. How and to what extent are newly welded bottom joints tested?
a) Newly welded bottom joints shall be tested their entire length using liquid
penetrant
b) Newly welded bottom joints shall be tested their entire length using a vacuum box
and a solution film, or a tracer gas and detector
c) Newly welded bottom joints shall be tested their entire length using visual and
ultrasonic examination
d) Newly welded bottom joints shall be tested their entire length using wet
fluorescent magnetic particle examination
15. What are the requirements, regarding examination, of a welded-on patch plate in the
critical zone?
a) The final weld shall be examined by radiography over its entire length
b) Root and final pass shall be examined by radiography over its entire length
c) The root and final pass shall be examined visually over its entire length
d) The root and final pass shall be examined visually and by magnetic particle of
liquid penetrant method over its entire length
16. API-653 requires the number and location of radiographs to in accordance with API-650.
In addition, API-653 requires how many and what location for new or repaired shell
vertical joints?
a) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken in each fifty
foot length
b) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken in each
twenty-five foot length
c) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken in every
joint
d) For new or repaired shell vertical joints one radiograph shall be taken in every
other joint
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17. API-653 requires the number and location of radiographs to in accordance with API-650.
In addition, API-653 requires how many and what location for new or repaired shell
horizontal joints?
a) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be taken in each
twenty-five feet of horizontal joint including those required at intersections of
vertical and horizontal joints
b) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be taken in each
twenty-five feet of horizontal joint not including those required at intersections of
c) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be taken in each
fifty feet of horizontal joint including those required at intersections of vertical
and horizontal joints
d) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints one radiograph shall be taken in each
fifty feet of horizontal joint not including those required at intersections of
18. API-653 requires two radiographs to be taken at each new or replacement intersection
between vertical and horizontal joints. One to comply with the requirement for vertical
joints and one to comply with the requirements for horizontal joints.
a) True
b) False
19. For reconstructed tanks, each butt-welded annular plate joint shall be radiographed in
accordance with which of the following?
a) API-650
b) ASME - Section V
c) API-653 and API-575
d) Owner/operator's specifications
20. For reconstructed tanks, radiographic examination is required for what percentage of all
junctions of new welds over existing seams?
a) 100%
b) 75%
c) 50%
d) 25%
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21. Radiographic examination is required for new and replaced shell insert plate and door
shell welds. What are the minimum number and location of such radiographs?
a) Circular plates - four radiographs are required, one at each quadrant
b) Square or rectangular - two radiographs are required in each vertical joint and one
in a horizontal joint
c) Circular plates - one radiograph and for square or rectangular - one in a vertical
joint, one in a horizontal joint, and one in each corner
d) Circular and square of rectangular new or replaced insert plates require 100%
examination
22. What is the minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph?
a) The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be six inches
b) The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be three inches
c) The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be nine inches
d) The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be twelve inches
23. If the radiograph of an intersection between a new and old weld discloses discontinuities,
which are unacceptable by current standards, what must be done?
a) The unacceptable welds must be removed and made in accordance with current
standards
b) The unacceptable welds shall be repaired to bring them in to compliance
c) The existing welds may be evaluated according to the original standard of
construction
d) The existing welds shall be evaluated using the acceptance criteria of ASME
Section VIII
24. Radiographs and radiograph records of all repaired welds shall be marked with what
letter(s)?
a) "RW" (Repaired Weld)
b) "WR" (Weld Repair)
c) "A" (Accepted repair)
d) "R"
25. Hydrostatic testing is required for reconstructed tanks and tanks that have undergone
major repairs or alterations. What is the minimum length of time the hydrostatic test must
be held?
a) The time is up to the discretion of the Inspector
b) Twenty-four hours
c) The time is up to the discretion of the owner/operator
d) Twelve hours
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Revision Date
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26. Major repair and major alteration is defined by API-653 by which of the following?
a) Cutting, addition, removal and/or replacement of the annular plate ring only if the
plate is less than 1/2" thick
b) Cutting, addition, removal an/or replacement of the annular plate ring, the shellto-bottom weld, or a sizeable portion of the shell
c) Cutting, addition, removal an/or replacement of the annular plate ring, the shellto-bottom weld, or a 100 square inch portion of the shell
d) Cutting, addition, removal an/or replacement of the annular plate ring, the shellto-bottom weld, or a sizeable portion of the shell in shell material greater than
3/4" thick
27. Of the following, which would not be considered a major repair or alteration?
a) The installation of a shell penetration NPS 12 above the design liquid level
b) The installation of a shell penetration NPS 12 below the design liquid level
c) Jacking of a tank shell
d) The complete of partial removal and replacement of more than 12 inches of
vertical weld joining shell plates, or radial weld joining the annular plate ring
28. A full hydrostatic test of the tank is not required for major repairs and alterations when
certain conditions are met. Where would you look for these conditions?
a) API-650 Paragraph 5.3.6
b) API-RP-575 Paragraph 7.5
c) API-510 Paragraph 6.4
d) API-653 Paragraph 10.3.2
29. Hydrostatic testing is not required for shell repairs when all but which of the following are
complied with?
a) Impact test requirements shall follow appropriate portions of API-650 and must be
specified in the repair procedure
b) New vertical and horizontal shell butt-welds must have complete penetration and fusion
c) New materials shall meet the current edition of ASME Section II Part A
d) Finished weld must be examined by radiography
30. If the owner/operator elects to utilize a fitness-for-service evaluation to exempt a repair form
hydrostatic testing, who perform the evaluation?
a) Fitness-for-service evaluations may not be used to exempt hydrostatic testing following a
repair
b) The Authorized Inspector
c) Engineer experienced in storage tank design and the evaluation methods used
d) Exemption of hydrostatic testing for repairs can only be given by the jurisdiction

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31. When settlement is anticipated, a tank that is to be hydrostatically tested shall:

a) Have the plumbness checked
b) Have the water tested to ensure it is potable
c) Have the perimeter dike system checked
d) Have the foundation checked for settlement
32. The tank settlement shall initially be surveyed with the tank empty. What is the minimum
number of settlement measurement points for a tank which is 110 feet in diameter?
a) Minimum number of settlement points is 11
b) Minimum number of settlement points is 32
c) Minimum number of settlement points is 8
d) Minimum number of settlement points is 12
33. The tank settlement shall initially be surveyed with the tank empty. What is the minimum
number of settlement measurement points for a tank which is 60 feet in diameter?
a) Minimum number of settlement points is 12
b) Minimum number of settlement points is 6
c) Minimum number of settlement points is 8
d) Minimum number of settlement points is 4
34. Regardless of the minimum number of settlement measurement points required, what is
the maximum spacing between settlement measurement points?
a) 24 feet
b) 32 feet
c) 36 feet
d) 40 feet
35. When shall settlement be measured?
a) Settlement shall be measured after the water reaches 100% of test level and again
when the tank is emptied
b) Settlement shall be measured during filling and when the water reaches 80% of
test level
c) Settlement shall be measured during filling and when the water reaches 100% of
test level
d) Settlement shall be measured during filling and when the water reaches 100% of
test level and during emptying of the tank
(610) 594-9036

Issue Date
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Revision Date
07/99
Page
52
Answers to API-653 Section 10, Examination and Testing

Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Answer
c
a
d
b
c
a
d
a
b
c
b
a
b
b
d
c
d
b
a
d
c
a
c
d
b
b
a
d
c
c
d
a
c
b
c
(610) 594-9036

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03/98
Revision Date
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Section 11 Marking
1. Tanks that are reconstructed, in accordance with API-653 shall be identified by a corrosionresistant metal nameplate. What is the size requirement for the letters and numerals to be used on
this nameplate and how are they applied to the nameplate?
a) Letters and numerals not less than 1/2" high shall be embossed, engraved, or stamped in
the plate
b) Letters and numerals not less than 1/4" high shall be embossed, engraved, or stamped in
the plate
c) Letters and numerals not less than 5/32" high shall be painted on the plate or embossed,
engraved, or stamped in the plate
d) Letters and numerals not less than 5/32" high shall be embossed, engraved, or stamped in
the plate
2. Where should the new nameplate be attached and what should be done with the existing
nameplate
a) The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to the existing nameplate.
The existing nameplate shall be cleaned or suitably reconditioned
b) The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to the existing nameplate.
The existing nameplate shall be left attached to the tank
c) The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to the existing nameplate.
The existing nameplate shall be removed and placed in the tank record file
d) The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to the existing nameplate.
The existing nameplate shall then be discarded
3. All but which of the following information shall be made part of the owner/operator's records for
aboveground storage tanks?
a) Names of all operators of the tank
b) Calculations
c) Construction and repair drawings
d) Additional supporting data
Reference: API-653, Paragraph 11.2.1, 11.2.2, 11.2.3
Answers to API-653 Section 11, Marking
Question Number
Answer
1
D
2
B
3
A
Should you find a mistake or disagree with any answer listed, please bring it to our attention for
correction or clarification. BAY Technical Associates, Inc. has attempted to provide answers
developed from paragraphs of the respective Code, Standard, or Recommended Practice. You can
reach BAY Tech by phone at (610) 594-9036, by fax at (610) 594-2612, or by e-mail at
byagle@gte.net.
(610) 594-9036

Issue Date
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Revision Date
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54
Appendix B Evaluation of Tank Bottom Settlement

1. External measurements for tank settlement shall be taken at points having a maximum
spacing of ____ around the circumference.
a) 24 feet
b) 28 feet
c) 32 feet
d) 36 feet
Reference: API-653 Appendix B, Paragraph B.2.1 and Figure B-1
2. Regardless of tank size, what is the minimum number of settlement point measurements?
a) Four
b) Eight
c) Twelve
d) Based on the formula N
D
10

3. Internal measurement for tank bottom settlement taken across the diameter of the tank
must be taken at what maximum spacing?
a) 10 feet
b) 24 feet
c) 32 feet
d) 4 feet
4. Which of the following is not listed as settlement component?
a) Uniform settlement
b) Rigid body tilting of a tank (planar tilt)
c) Out-of-plane settlement (differential settlement)
d) Soil undermining (total tank sinking)
Reference: API-653 Appendix B, Paragraph B.2.2
5. What type of settlement is depicted here?
a) Bottom settlement near tank shell
b) Edge settlement
c) Localized bottom remote from tank shell
d) Planar settlement
Reference: API-653 Appendix B & Fig. B-5
Original
bottom
position
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6. Using the formula in B-3.2, determine the maximum permissible deflection (out of plane
distortion) for a tank with the following data reported.
Diameter
Height
Material
Yield strength
Arc length between measurements
a)
b)
c)
d)
110 feet
60 feet
Carbon Steel (Young's modulus = 29,000,000 psi)
30,000psi
31.4 feet
S = .09 feet
S = .9 feet
S = 9 feet
S = .009 feet
Reference: API-653 Appendix B Paragraph B.3.2

7. What is the maximum depth of a local depression in a tank bottom if the radius of an
inscribed circle is equal to 7.5 feet?
a) BB = .2775 inches
b) BB = 2.775 inches
c) BB = 27.75 inches
d) BB = .02775 inches
Reference: API-653 Appendix B Paragraph B.3.3
Answers to API-653 Appendix B, Tank Bottom Settlement

Question Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Answer
C
B
A
D
B
A
B
(610) 594-9036

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Revision Date
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(610) 594-9036

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Section 2 API-653 Practice Questions

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Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Repair, Alteration, & Reconstruction

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 1.1.2

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Answers to API-653 Section 1, Introduction

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Section 2 Suitability for Service

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

6. Inspection of floating roofs is limited to roof plates and pontoons.

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 2.4.8.3 and Table 3-1 API-650

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Answers to API-653 Section 2, Suitability for Service

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Section 3 Brittle Fracture Considerations

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Reference: API-653 Paragraph 4.4.1.2

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Answers to API-653 Section 5, Materials

API-653 Exam Prep Course

BAY Technical Associates, Inc.

Subject API-653, Tank Inspection,

Section 6 Design Considerations for Reconstructed Tanks

API-653 Exam Prep Course