Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 1
Principles of Reinforced
and Prestressed Concrete
Concrete structures usually incorporate reinforced
and/or prestressed concrete members. Reinforced
INTRODUCTION
1.2
1.1
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF
REINFORCED CONCRETE
1.3
In prestressed concrete
1.1.1
General
1.1.2
Types of Stresses
1.1.3
1.1.4
1.2
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
1.7
1.2.1
General
1.2.2
Pre-tensioning
1.2.3
Post-tensioning
1.2.4
Applications
It also discusses
1.1
INTRODUCTION
Reinforced concrete is a material that combines
concrete and some form of reinforcement into a
composite whole. Whilst steel bars, wires and
mesh are by far the most widely used forms of
reinforcement, other materials are used in special
applications, e.g. carbon-filament reinforcement
and steel fibres. Other reinforcing materials are
briefly mentioned in Chapter 17.
Concrete has a high compressive strength but a
low tensile strength. Steel, on the other hand, has
a very high tensile strength (as well as a high
compressive strength) but is much more expensive
than concrete relative to its load-carrying ability. By
combining steel and concrete into a composite
material, we are able to make use of both the high
tensile strength of steel and the relatively low-cost
compressive strength of concrete.
There are some other advantages to combining
steel and concrete in this way which are derived
from the characteristics of the materials. (These
characteristics are summarised in Table 1.1).
Table 1.1
Characteristics
concrete
of
steel
and
Characteristics of
Concrete
Characteristics of
Steel
High compressive
strength
High compressive
strength
Relatively inexpensive
Relatively expensive
Figure 1.1
1.2
Concrete structures
NZS 3109
Concrete construction
AS/NZS 4671
AS/NZS 4672
AS/NZS 1314
Prestressing anchorages
AS 3600
Concrete structures
1.1
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
REINFORCED CONCRETE
1.1.1
General
OF
in
1.1.2
Types Of Stresses
1.3
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
Figure 1.4
Figure 1.5
Figure 1.6
Types of stresses
1.1.3
1.4
Figure 1.7
Figure 1.8
Simple cantilevers
Figure 1.9
Fixed-ended beams
1.5
1.1.4
1.6
1.2
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
OF
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
1.2.1
General
1.2.2
Pre-Tensioning
1.7
1.2.3
Post-Tensioning
1.2.4
Applications
1.8