1.

SECTION
Introduction

PAGE
3

2.

...
Theory.

3.

..
Methodology

45

4.

.
Results

67

5.

...
Workbook/Reports

6.

Reference

7.

...
Appendix

...

Introduction
The LAB 1: Batch Kinetic Fermentation is about to setup a process file of an
aerobic kinetic fermentation from a feed that containing media and biomass to
produce a bioproduct (MAB). There are several questions that need to be solved
which will be covered in the results sections. All the details and information of
this experiment has been provided from the lab manual the sequence of
operations. Below is the information was typically comes from an experimental
data.
Reactants
Component
Media
Oxygen

Stoich. Coeff.
100.00
70.00

Monod Kinetic equation =

Products
Component
Biomass
Carbon Dioxide
Impurity
MAB
Water

max =0.2 per hour

Stoich. Coeff.
28.00
70.00
10.00
2.00
60.00

was applied in this kinetic reaction.

Methodology
The methodology sequence of operations along with operating conditions was
provided in detailed as follows.
1. The SuperPro application was open and a new Process file was created.
2. The process model was initialized using Task menu, and Set Mode of
Operation to set the plant operation mode as the batch process. Then the
pure components were registered by using Pure Components item and the
Register Edit/View Properties was selected.
3. The pure components that were registered are Media, Oxygen, Nitrogen,
Water, Biomass, Carbon Dioxide, Impurity, MAB.
4. The process flowsheet was built by adding unit procedures from the Unit
Procedures menu while in the Select Mode. The Fermenter was selected
from the Batch Vessel Procedure menu. Then it was switch to connect
mode to draw the streams. The streams that need to be drawn are feed,
water, air, CO2 and broth.
5. By double clicking on the fermenter, the Operation Sequence for
Procedure Menu was opened. The available operation was selected into
the Operation Sequenced. The operation that was selected in the
Operation Sequence are CHARGE-1 (Charge), CHARGE-2 (Charge), HEAT-1
(Batch Heating), FERMENT-1 (Batch Kinetic Fermentation), COOL-1 (Batch
Cooling), and TRANSFER-OUT-1 (Transfer Out).
6. A 10000 kg/batch of water was charged to the fermenter. This charge
operation was required a setup duration of 5 min and the processing time
is calculated based on 100 L/min. To setup this details, right clicked the
fermentation unit procedure and the CHARGE-1 (Charge) was selected
from the Operation Data menu.
7. The Feed stream was selected and the ingredient name or the component
of Biomass and Media was selected into the Composition menu. In the
composition menu, a 500 kg/batch of a feed stream was setup at the Total

flowrates, Set Mass Flow section. And from the Flowrate (kg/batch) menu
the Biomass was consisted of 50 kg and the rest is Media was charged.
From the fermentation unit procedure the CHARGE-2 (charge) was
selected form the Operation Data menu and the duration of 20 min was
setup and the processing time was calculated based on 10 kg/min.
8. The fermenter was then heated to 37C by using steam at a heating rate
of 0.5C/min. This operation was required a setup time of 5 min. This detail
was set up in HEAT-1 (Batch Heating) menu, and the Heating Agent is
steam. It then proceeds by clicking the Next Operation button.
9. Then the vessel was allowed to ferment for 24 hours. Chilled water was
used as heat transfer agent to maintain the fermenter at a final
temperature of 37C. This detail was setup in the FERMENT-1 (Batch
Kinetic Fermentation) menu. And at the Reactions Tab, the View/Edit
Kinetic Rate or symbol R was clicked and from the Kinetics for
Fermentation menu the Monod equation was selected and the Biomass
was selected as the Rate Reference Component and the B-Term. And the
substrate as the Media.
10.Next, the fermenter was cooled to a final temperature of 5C by using
Glycol at the cooling rate of 0.5C/min. And this operation was requires a
setup time of 5 min. For these details, in the COOL-1 (Batch Cooling)
menu, the final temperature was set as 5C, the cooling agent used was
Glycol and the setup time is 5 minutes.
11.Finally, the fermented broth was transferred out from the fermenter for
further separation of products and a process time was assumed as 5
hours. It was setup from the TRANSFER-OUT-1 (Transfer Out) menu. And
clicking OK.
12.Last but not least, from the Task menu, the Solve M&E Balance was clicked
and the entire process was checked there are any errors available and it
will be listed out. And from the errors listed need to be corrected until the
Perform M&E balanced ended successfully.
5

Results

1.

The amount of air to be supplied for the aerobic fermentation process is

9666.374 kg/batch.
2. The size of the fermenter that is necessary for this batch is 13 249.57 L
3. The composition of vent that produce CO2 is 3.2535 % and the flowrate is
314.90150 kg/batch.
4. The composition of broth are 1.6762% Biomass, 0.4286% Impurity, 97.8095%
water and 0.0857% MAB.
5. The heating operation required is 0.48 hour and the cooling operation required
is 1.15 hour.
6. The total time required to complete one batch is 33.56 hour.

7. The graph below shows the biomass attained stationary phase by providing
the concentration profiles for media, biomass and MAB.

45

40

35

30

Concentration

25

Biomass
Concentration

(g/L)

Concentration
20

MAB

(g/L)

Concentration
Media

15

(g/L)

10

0
0

10

15

20

25

30

Time, h

Workbook

Time
(h)
0
1.2
2.4
3.6
4.8
6
7.2
8.4
9.6
10.8
12
13.2
14.4
15.6
16.8
18
19.2
20.4
21.6
22.8
24

Biomass
(g/L)
4.7171
8.5922
15.637
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156
16.6156

Concentration
MAB
(g/L)
0
0.2767
0.7798
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497
0.8497

Media
(g/L)
42.4542
28.628
3.4919
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0