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POETR
Y
POETRY
LESSON NO - 1

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II.

About the Poet: The present Poem Kuchelopakhyanamu is extracted from the 10th chapter of
Srimadbhagavatham written by Vyasa Bhagavan. [Vyasa Maharshi]
Past Reference : When the king Parikshit went for hunting he was cursed by the son of a sage. At the
verge of his death, he approached sukamaharshi, the son of Vyasa to attain Moksha. Then Sukamuni
quoted the story of Kuchela while teaching Bhagavatam that offers Moksha, wisdom and freedom from
earthly pleasures.

Present Story:Kuchelas attitude :- Long ago there was a friend of Krishna by name Kuchela who renounced everything and had control over sensuous pleasures. He was divine with peace of mind. He was undergoing
extreme poverty. His wife, filled with hunger and thirst, narrated their misery in this way.
Petition of the wife of Kuchela:- Oh! My dear Husband! The very protector of the entire world and the
husband of the goddess Laxmi, Lord Krishna is your friend. His motive /aim is to protect sages and
divine people. Please approach him and request him to show the way to drive away our poverty.
Journey of Kuchela to Dwaraka:- Inspired in many ways by his wife, Kuchela who felt that visiting the
lord Krishna itself was a great benefit and asked his wife if there was anything to offer him as a gift. Then
his wife collected some pounded rice from neighbouring houses and gave them to her husband. Taking
them, he set out to Dwaraka.
Reception of Lord Krishna:- Seeing Kuchela from a long distance, Krishna approached and received
him warmly by hugging. Then he washed kuchelas feet and sprinkled that water on his head. They
recollected the memories of their school days (gurukula days) holding each others hands affectionately.
Words of Lord Krishna:- Then Krishna said, Oh, my friend, did you bring any gift for me, and stated
that number of gifts offered by faithless devotees would not make him happy. But that which was offered
with devotion like Pushpa (flowers) Patra (Leaf) phala (fruit) thoya (water) were a cause of delight for
him. Hearing these words Kuchela felt ashamed and kept his hands behind in which there was Pounded
rice tied in his torn clothes.
Lord Krishnas Blessings:- Krishna, who could look into the hearts of every one felt that his friend
approached him not for money but only to satisfy and make his wife happy. So he decided to offer him the

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kind of wealth that could not even be possessed by gods and goddesses. Later, he took the pounded rice
from his friend and ate a handful of them and when about to eat another handful, he was prevented by his
wife. Kuchela spent the same night in the house of Lord Krishna and set out to his place the next morning.
Introspection of Kuchela:- Kuchela did not ask Krishna anything and even Krishna did not give him any
wealth. Then Kuchela felt that if he had been offered wealth by Lord Krishna who was the ocean of
kindness he would have forgotten him. So, for that reason only he was not offered wealth. Thinking in
such a pleasant manner, he reached his village. On hearing about the arrival of her husband, Kuchelas
wife, filled with happiness went and received him and took him into their mansion like house while he was
at great surprise. Seeing the amazing wealth Kuchela felt that he would not have got such abundant wealth
if there had not been the blessings of God. Thereafter, he became wiser and renounced greed for wealth
and pleasures and attained moksha with the blessings of God.
Conclusion:- The gist of this lesson is that our ancestors exhibited constant devotion towards God to
attain moksha without showing any interest in worthless things and worldly pleasures.
LESSON NO - 2
P
oetry
Poetry

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About the poet :- This line is extracted from the fourth chapter of Raghuvamsa Mahakavyamu written
by Mahakavi Kalidasa.
Just Administration of Raghu :- King Raghu was ruling the kingdom received from his father to the
satisfaction of the people. He was shining like the moon in giving happiness to people and like the sun in
his valiancy. Being equal to Lord Indra, Raghu wanted to set out on the journey of victory at first.
Victorious journey of Raghu :- At first Raghu set out towards east. At that time king Raghus brightness
with his army, resembled with that of Bhagiradha when Ganga flowed down from the hair locks of lord
Shiva, Kings of Simhadesa surrendered themselves to Raghu. King of Vangadesa showed their servitude
to king Raghu by offering him immense wealth and grain. Later, he defeated Mahendranadh and undertook only his wealth leaving his kingdom. From this it is obvious that the kings of Raghu dynasty waged
wars against others not to expand their kingdom but only for fame.
Raghus victorious journey towards south:- Pandyan kings of south could tolerate the wrath of the sun
but not the valiancy of king Raghu. They offered valuable pearls extracted from oceans to king Raghu with
great admiration towards him. The foot dust of the army of king Raghu shined like Sindhura on the forelocks of women of Kerala.
King Raghus victorious Journey towards west :- All the kings of the west paid tax to king Raghu. Later
he went to defeat Parsis . The Parsi kings who were still alive after the death of many kings in the wars
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resorted to king Raghu. The wrath of Raghu subsided with the submissive greetings of these kings.
Victorious journey of king Raghu towards North:- King Raghu set out towards the North like the sun
that enters northern hemisphere. Possessing four facets of army king Raghu defeated Hunas in the war,
occupied Kambhoja kingdom and ascended mount Himalaya. The lions which were in the caves of mount
Himalaya did not fear the army of king Raghu which was equally strong like them. The army of king
Raghu relaxed themselves on the stones under the suraponna trees that emitted musk-deer fragrance. A
great war took place between the native tribals and king Raghu. He conquered them and got down from
the Himalayas without ascending mount Kailasa. The king of Kamarupadesa made king Raghu seated
on the golden throne and worshipped the lightning of the feet of king Raghu with pearls.
Conclusion :- Thus, victorious king Raghu conquered all the regions and returned to his kingdom. The
dust that raised at the speed of the chariot of king Raghu fell and glittered on the heads of the kings that
stood humbly on both sides of the road.
LESSON NO - 5

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1.

Jata Vallabhula Purushotham was one of the noted scholars during second half of the 20th century. He
was born in Nadimpalli village in West Godavari district on Feb,17, 1906. He showed excellent
command over Sanskrit, Telugu and English. He worked as a lecturer in Sanskrit in S.R.R college,
Vijayawada. Later worked as a principal in Andhra Geervana Vidya Peet, Sanskrit College in Kovvuru,
West Godavari district. While he was working there, he guided hundreds of students.
He bagged many titles like Aarsha Vidyabhushana, Dharmopanyasakesari, and Maha Maho Padhyaya
etc., Vedavangmayam, Upanishatsaram, Sanathanadharma Vaibhavadhyanam, Mahakavi Sandesam, Hindu
matham and Dharmamanjari were other noted writings of Purushotham garu. Chitrasathakam is one of
his popular works. The present lesson Bharathavibhuthi is extracted from Chitrasathakam. This book
contains Ten cantos which are (1) Girvanavani (2) Arshavidya (3) Asmaduttamarna (4) Vyragyam (5)
Jeevithakala (6) Kutumbam (7) Samaja Sameeksha (8) Eeswararadhanam (9) Chitralokam (10) Bharatha
Vibhuthi. Each stanza of Chitrasatakam reflects the poets prudence, his scholarship, his philosophical
attitude in an elaborated way.

2.

The present lesson is extracted from Chitra Satakam written by the famous poet Jatavallabhula
Purushottama. In this the grandeur of Bharathadesha (India) is described in a beautiful way.
The grandeur of India : The entire earth is the sacred body of Lord Vishnu. The most important part in
this body is Bharathadesha. Vedas took their birth here and were propagated by great scholars. In this
country the rich are not proud and the poor also are respected and considered to be sacred. Here the
receiver is offered gifts after being worshipped by the giver. In the other countries this is practised differ-

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ently. There the receiver bows down before the giver. A world tourist easily identifies this land by the
presence of many chaste women here. Oh, mother, you even offer shelter to the foreigners who are evil
minded and tolerate their atrocities. So you are as lofty as the peaks of the Himalayas. You are meek and
humble unlike the foreigners who are arrogant by nature. This humble nature can be observed even in the
clear flow of the good natured Ganga that starts from the Himalayas.
Oh, Mother! the heat waves of the deserts and the cold atmosphere of the mountains represent your valour
and peace loving nature respectively. These cannot be found elsewhere but here in you, my holy mother.
In the other countries the sovereignty is achieved through violence where as here it is gained by nonviolence because of the penance of the great saints that turned the cruel ones into lovers of peace. Violent
attitude is observed in many ways in the other countries, but in this country the people even though they
are driven by hunger, do not harm even the small creatures like birds and beasts. This is the nobility of
India. So the Brahmajnanis like Sree Rama, Sree Krishna and Ramana Maharshi took their birth in this
holy land, Just as the stars that are born only in the space but not on land.
LESSON NO - 6

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1.

About the poet :- The present lesson Praveena Bharatham was written by Sri Sreebhashyam Vijaya
Saradhi. His other poems Mandakini, Bharatha Bharathi etc are very popular.
Sanskrit language and culture are the basis of the fame of India. Right from the vedas to poetic
dramas, every thing is developing in Sanskrit language only. Indin culture is enriched through sanskrit
language. It became the holiest through proper execution of justice. Culture is nothing but following the
tradition .
Development of language takes place through the development of human race. In India diversity is
found basing on cast, region, attire and language like unity in diversity. But Indian culture itself is achieving unity. In India Vedavedangas, Ayurvedadi sastras, chaturdasa Mahavidyas (14 great studies).
Chatuhshashti arts have developed to a great extent through mutual cooperation. Education merely for
wisdom, marriage for progeny, earnings for the sake of donation- are the principles of Indians. It is noncontroversial that Indian women are the base of Indian culture. Indian women are illustrated with their
virtuous qualities as a servant in the aspect of work, goddess Laxmi in beauty, Mother Earth in patience,
mother while feeding. Sanskrit literacture is flourishing with the writings like Ashtadasa puranas,
Brahmasutras written by Vyasa maharshi Ashtadhyayi written by Panini Maharshi, Ayurveda mahasastra
by great docotors like Dhanvanthari, Charaka, Sushruta, chandassastra, written by Pingali and Shilpasastra

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by Garga, Kasyapa, Viswakarma etc.
Unity is essential for the development of Indian culture and Indian renaissance. That unity is
possible only through Sanskrit language. So, it is the duty of all Indians to propagate Sanskrit language
with devotion in India which is one among the nine continents and a union of different races.
2.

Sri Sreebhashyam vijayasaradhi has written many poems for the development of Sanskrit language
which is easily understood even by children. He was born on 10th March 1936 in Karimnagar District at
Chegurthi in a traditional vaishnava family. With the blessings of Goddess Saraswathi at the very early
age of seven he wrote spiritual, cultural and patriotic poems in Sanskrit. He learnt Nyayabodhini and
Tarkasangraha from his grandfather. At the age of eleven he wrote Saradapada kinkini at sixteen
Sabariparivedanam, at seventeen Manorama and at eighteen Praveena Bharatham. He was felicitated with
the titles like Saraswathi suthothamulu, Vachaspathi , Yugakartha etc. His poems Mandakini and Bharatha
Bharathi are very popular. The poem Praveenabharatham written by him is prescribed to us in our present
syllabus.

PROSE LESSON NO - I

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About the poet:- This lesson is extracted from the second part of the first chapter of the prose piece
Dasakumara Charitham written by Dandimahakavi.
The Meeting of Rajavahana and Mathanga :- Rajavahana, the son of the king of Magadha country
went to the forest of Vindhya along with his friends on an auspicious occasion. There he saw a man who
was with iron body, and who looked like a Brahmin because of wearing sacred thread, and who appeared like a cruel man with wounds all over the body and asked him Oh man! why are you alone in this
deserted forest? You seem to be a Brahmin because of the sacred thread on your body. Who are you?
Whats your background?.
Autobiography of Mathanga :- After knowing about Rajavahana through his friends, Mathanga felt that
this man who is illuminating brightly is not an ordinary man and narrated to him his story. Oh dear Prince,
Im one of the young Bramins who abandoned Vedasastra. My name is Mathanga. I am living with the
wicked people in the forest, going to the villages with them and bringing out women and children, making
them captives and robbing them of their properties.
Blessings of Yama :- Once I was insulted by my companions for preventing them from killing a Brahmin,
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I died while fighting them. Later I reached the region of Yama and greeted him. Then he took pity on me
and told his minister Chitragupta that it was not the time for my death. He further said that I sacrificed my
life while trying to save the life of a Brahmin. So, Yama asked Chitragupta to send my soul back to my
original body. Chitragupta did the same. Later I reached the Earth. Then the Brahmin who was saved by
me earlier saved me and educated me and also taught me the process of the worship of Lord Shiva.
The Dream of Mathanga :- Since then, I have been here worshipping Lord Shiva, leaving the wicked .
Oh, dear prince, I have a secret to reveal to you i.e Lord Shiva appeared in my dream last night and said
to me Oh man there is a cave behind the Shivalinga on the bank of the flowing river in the forest which
is worshipped by ascetics. Go into that and bring out the laws inscribed on copper plates and go to the
world under the Earth (Pathala). Perform a Homa there and jump into the fire chanting manthras. Then
you will attain a body. You can become the king of the world under the Earth (Pathala). A warrior will
come here to help you today or tomorrow. With his help you can accomplish that work.
Conclusion :- Later, with the help of Rajavahana, Mathanga attained divine body following what was
said in Tamrasasana.
LESSON NO - 2

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About the Poet :- This lesson Dharmabudhi - Papabudhi is taken from Panchatantramu written by
Vishnusharma, the poet laureate in the court of the king Amarasakti who belonged to 5th century.
Introduction to story :- In a particular country, there lived, two friends by names Dharma Budhi and
Papabudhi. Once Papabudhi thought that he was a fool and a pauper . So he planned to go to some
other country with Dharhmabudhi and wanted to make money with his help and decided to deceive him
later so that he could live happily. So, one day Papabudhi said to Dharmabudhi, Oh my friend! What
deeds will you recall in old age? Without visiting other countries what special things will you convey to
the righteous people?
Journey of friends to foreign country :- Hearing the words of Papabudhi, Dharmabudhi felt happy
and took permission from his teachers and set out to other country on an auspicious day along with his
friend. There with the influence of Dharmabudhi, Papabudhi accumulated lot of money. Then they both
set out on their return journey happily. As they were approaching their village Papabudhi said to his
friend, Oh my friend, Its not good to take all this wealth home, because, even relatives may crave for
this money. So, let us keep some part of this money in a pot and bury it in the ground in this forest and
let us go home with the remaining money. Whenever there is a need, we both can come and take that
money back. Dharmabudhi gave his consent to it.
Hiding Money:- After burying the money in the ground, they went back home and lived happily. One
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night Papabudhi came to the forest and stole the entire money and went home. Later one day, Papabudhi
went to Dharmabudhi and said to him, Oh my friend, we are suffering from scarcity of money because of
many members in our families. So, let us go to the forest and get some of the money. Then Dharmabudhi
said yes to it. They both went to the place and dug the ground where the money was hidden. Surprisingly
they found the empty pot.
Mutual blaming of friends:- Then striking on his head Papabudhi said, Oh Dharmabudhi, it is you who
stole the money, no one else. Give me my share. Otherwise I will complain to the king. Then Dharmabudhi
said, Oh Evil one, dont talk to me like that. I, being a righteous man do not commit such mistakes. My
attitude is such that I treat other women as mothers, others things as dust and all the living beings as my
own self.
Approaching the Justice:- Then they both approached the judge and started accusing each other in his
presence. Then they were asked to take an oath (pramanam) by the officers who were appointed by the
judge. Then Papabudhi said, "Sir, what kind of justice is this? Whenever there is a controversy, documents
must be verified first. Otherwise the witness should be questioned. Else they should be made to take an
oath. In this aspect, goddesses of the forest themselves are my witnesses. Then the officers agreed with
him. They said, Why to think otherwise when goddesses themselves stand as witnesses. We too are
curious to know what happens in this issue. So, both of you should accompany us to the forest tomorrow
morning.
Evil Thinking of Papabudhi:- Then Papabudhi went home and said to his father thus - "Father, I have
stolen all the money of Dharmabudhi. I can own that entire money with your words. Otherwise it may take
even our lives . Then Papabudhis father said, Son, tell me what should I do to keep that money with us?
Then Papabudhi said, There is a big sameeka tree with a burrow in it. You go there right now and stay
inside it. When I ask for truth next morning, you say Dharmabudhi is the thief.
False witness of Papabudhis Father:- The next day Papabudhi and Dharmabudhi went to the sameeka
tree along with the servants of the king. Then Papabudhi said, Oh Goddesses of the Forest! Who is the
thief between us. Then, Papabudhi father who was in the burrow of Sameeka tree said, Dharmabudhi is
the thief.
Conclusion :- After listening to that the king's servants were surprised and started thinking out ways to
punish Dharmabudhi. Then Dharmabudhi gathered dried sticks and arranged them round the sameeka tree
and set fire to them. Then Papabudhi's father with his half-burnt body came out of the burning tree. When
questioned by the kings servants, he confessed what had happened. Then the kings servants punished
Papabudhi and appreciated Dharmabudhi.

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LESSON NO .3
3.

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1.

Introduction : The present lesson Madhyamavyayoga is taken from Bhasakadhasara written by

Shree Mahalinga Sastry. He was born in the clan of shree Appayya Deekshitha, the great scholar in the
alankara sastra
th

He belonged to the first half of the 20 century . He was both a scholar and poet in Sanskrit. He
was an eminent lawyer in Chennai. He wrote dramas, many pieces of prose and poetry. Of these Kaundinya
Prahasanam, Vyajokthiratnavali, Kinkineemala and Desikendrastavanjali are popular.
Bhasakdhasara is the most important of all the modern prose pieces written by him. "Mahakavi Bhasas
dramas are well - known and admired by the people. The present lesson Madhyamavyayoga was one of
the 13 dramas written on the basis of the Mahabharatha. This was again written in prose by shri Mahalinga
Sastry.
2.

Introduction :- The present lesson Madhyamavyayoga is taken from Bhaskadhasara written by shri
Mahalinga sastry. He was born in the clan of shri Appayya Deekshitulu. He belonged to the first half of the
th

20 century. He was both a scholar and poet in Sanskrit.

Pandvas visit to the Dhaumya Hermitage:- According to the agreement of the game of the dice,
pandavas were living in the forest. One day they all went to the hermitage of Dhaumya to witness
Satakumbha sacrifice leaving their hermitage under the supervision of Bhima. In the same forest Hidimba,
the demon wife of Bhima was also living there along with her son Ghatotkacha.
Kesavadasas capture by Ghatotkacha :- One day , Hidimba after spending a day in fasting, sent
Ghatotkacha to seure a human to appease her hunger. While looking for a human, Ghatotkacha came
across an aged Brahmin Keshavadasu and his family at the Pandava hermitage. On seeing the giant
Ghatotkacha, the Brahmin Keshavadasu got scared very much. Then Ghatotkacha declared to the Brahmin that he would leave the others if he offered him one of his sons
Bheemas Kindness :- The old brahmin pleaded Ghatotkacha to accept him as his food. On hearing this,
his wife came forward offering herself. But Ghatotkacha refused both of them saying that his mother
would not eat women and the aged. Finding no alternative, Keshavadasu inclined to offer his middle son
to the demon as the eldest son should be there to perform last rites to the father and the youngest one must
be there to perform funeral rites to the mother. Then his middle son went away to satisfy his thirst and
delayed to return. Ghatotkacha who was anxious to return to his mother with the food, shouted at him
calling him Madhyama madhyama. On hearing Ghatotkachas shouts Bhima rushed to the place. Knowing
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Bhima as one of the pandavas who were in exile, Kesavadasa begged Bhima to save him and his family
from the demon. Then Bhima asked Ghatotkacha to leave the Brahmins family unharmed, but he rejected. Then Bhima offered himself in stead of the brahmins son, to the demon declaring that he was a
kshatriya (king).
Ghatotkachass seeking forgiveness:- Aceepting Bhima as food, Ghatotkacha brought him to his mother.
Then Hidimba calling Gatotkacha a madman declared that the human he brought was none other than her
husband and his father Bhimasena the great warrior. Instantly, Ghatotkacha pleaded his father's
forgiveness for his unwise behaviour and knelt before him requesting him to bless him with affection.
Then the Brahmin Kesavadasa also blessed them and left the place. Hidimba also felt ecstatic seeing her
husband Bhimasena once again after a long time.
LESSON NO .4

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The present lesson Yadha Annam Tadha Manam is taken from Bodha Kadhaha published by Samskruta
Bharathi by Dr. Sanjeev.
The kings visit to the Ashrama : Once there lived a saint in a forest. He was considered a great sage
with magical power by all the people. They were living in his presence with peace and prosperity. This
news reached the king and he ordered his ministers to invite the saint to the court. Then the ministers told
the king that it was impossible for anyone to bring the sage to the court. The king decided to visit the
ashram on his own and reached the place. But to his surprise he could not trace out the ashram. There he
found a sage under a tree. He asked his ministers how the sage was living there in unfavourable weather
conditions. They replied to him that they had heard that he was living there under the tree at all times.
The sages visit to the kings palace:- The king urged the sage to accompany him to his palace. The sage
immediately accepted his invitation and left the place for the palace. There he was honoured and worshiped
every day by the royal couple who offered him many gifts.
Stealing of the necklace by the sage:- One day the queen after worshipping their deity in the special
chamber came out of it. Then the sage entered the chamber and found a valuable necklace there. He stole
it and fled to the forest. The king sent his soldiers to trace out the sage. Knowing that the kings soldiers
were carrying out a search for him day and night, fearing the arrest by them, the sage ran for his dear life.
He became very much tired and took shelter under a tree. Feeling thirsty and hungry, eating some fruits of
the tree, the sage started his journey once again.
The sages realization:- The sage realised his mistake and became wise. He reached the kingss palace.
When the kings soldiers asked him who he was, he answered them that he wanted to see the king and the
royal necklace was with him. Then one of the soldiers informed the king that a sage wanted to meet him.
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Facing the king, the sage revealed that he had stolen the queens necklace and pleaded his forgiveness and
gave away the ornament.
The sages reply:- The surprised king asked the sage why he returned the ornament which he wanted to
keep with him. Then the sage revealed that he had got such evil thought of stealing by accepting his
hospitality for three months and eating the food offered by him. So he committed the crime . But when he
ate the natural food (fruits) in the forest, he, got rid of his evil notions and became good at heart and
returned the ornament. The king did not get angry with the sage and the sage went back to his ashram.
Conclusion :- This incident made the king realise that his unlawful gaining of wealth created evil thoughts
in the sage and prompted him to steal the ornament. Then he tried to change his ways of life. He understood
that the result of enjoying unlawful wealth would be the same as that of eating the poisoned food.
LESSON NO .5

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Thi. Kam. Thiruvenkatacharyulu
Introduction : The present prose piece Karmanubhavaha is taken from Kathavali written by Tirumala
kandalai , Thiruvenkatacharyulu.
The life style of the teacher and the disciples :
Once upon a time, there lived so many monks in an ashram in the city of Makandika. Their master was a
monk by name Haraswamy. They were living by begging. Their master used to converse with them
only when he was in the ashram. When he was out of the ashram, he kept silent all the while.
The trickery of the Monk : One day when Haraswamy was roaming about the streets begging, he
happened to see a merchant girl by name Charumathi and was filled with lust and desired to possess her.
While Charumathi was offering alms to him, he shouted loudly and went back to the ashram. Hearing his
loud shouts, her father went to his ashram to know the reason for the interruption of his vow of being silent.
The conversation of Merchant & Monk : Then the monk told the merchant that he read the ominous
features on the face of his daughter and worried over the ruin of his devotee's family. So he shouted
loudly. The merchant asked him for the remedy. The monk told him to keep his daughter in a box and
leave it in the river, with a lamp on the box considering the well being of his family. If he did so, his
worries would vanish. Then the merchant did the same. Then the monk called his disciples and told them
that a box would be found in the river that night and he ordered them to bring it quietly.
Lesson to the monk : At that time, a prince who came for hunting, happened to see that box and brought
it out. When opened, he found a girl and was surprised. Then he kept the bear he hunted in the box and
left it in the river. When it was brought to the monks ashram, he opened it in private. Then the angry bear
wounded his nose and ears and ran away.
Conclusion : Whatever one sows, one reaps the same.

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LESSON NO .6

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About the Poet : Sukantha Kumara Senapathi, with his hard work, contributed a lot to Sanskirt language
and wrote many books in Sanskrit. Among them are Saankaranyaye Lokanyaya, Darsanamsavaha,
Darshanikanibandha etc., The present lesson is taken from Sukantha Katha Vimsathihi.
Kesava Sastris worship of Lord Shiva : Once there lived a Brahmin in Barhanagaram by name Kesava
Sastry. Worrying about his poverty he went to the temple of Shiva and said to Lord Shiva, Oh Lord, I am
not asking for wealth. I am just asking a little amount of a hundred coins to buy the necessary medicine to
save my son who is in danger of life. Please save my son even at the cost of my life.
Conversation of the followers of Sivaji : While praying to the Lord thus, in that silence he overheard
some words from outside the temple. He heard someone saying, O king you are down with fever. It will
be comfortable to continue our journey next day morning after taking some rest here.
On hearing these words Kesava Sastry understood that they were Shivaji and his followers who
fled (ran away) from the fort. He remembered the announcement made the day before and thought if he
handed them over to the officers, he would be given money for it. Then he could save his son. Thus
thinking, he went back home and discussed the matter with his wife and children and decided to inform
the same to the officers.
Generosity of Kesava Sastrys daughter-in-law : After listening to the discussion that took place in the
house, Keshava Sastrys daughter-in-law was in dilemma whether to serve her husband who is nearing his
death or to save the king Sivaji who would protect thousands of righteous people. Finally she decided to
save Sivaji and reached the temple overnight and said to him, O king my father-in-law went to theof
ficers to inform them about your secret place to get money to save the life of his son i.e my husband. So,
you better leave this place as quickly as possible. She said thus and went back home.
The generosity of Sivaji : Sivaji left a sack of coins in the temple. Kesava Sastry brought the officers to
the temple to show them Sivaji. But Sivaji was not found. The officers went back in dismay. Filled with
sorrow for not being gifted with money, Kesava Sastry went into the temple to pray to God. There he
found the sack of coins left by Sivaji for him. Kesava Sastry took them happily but felt ashamed of himself
thinking of the generosity of Sivaji.
Conclusion : Decisions should never be taken with haste and selfishness.

Sri Chaitanya

Vijayawada

Page No : 11

Jr
ANSKRIT MA
TERIAL
Jr.. S
SANSKRIT
MATERIAL

yuozN:
1.

Meaning: Fool is worshipped at home, head of the village in his native village, the king in his own
kingdom. But a scholar is worshipped by all at all times and in all places.

2.

Meaning : Friendship should not be made with those who lack the five qualities such as
Secular way of life, fear, shyness, kindness, righteousness.

3.

Meaning : Speaking truth, speaking pleasantly, not speaking unpleasant truth and not speaking pleasant lies
are the practice of the ancient.

4.

Meaning : Giving and taking, sharing and hearing secrets, feeding and being fed are the six qualities of a
friend.

5.

Meaning : Night by the moon the world by the sun and word by the truth, the way of life by the tradition
are brightened.

6.

Meaning : Enlightenment, personality and strength grow through education. So, what is there in the
world that cannot be achieved through education.

NtNy - NtN:
1.

Meaning :The four important aspects in the lives of kings are accumulating wealth in a righteous manner,
safe guarding and developing the earned wealth and using it for the righteous people.

2.

Meaning : Scientific knowledge, wisdom, courage, capability eloquence, executional capacity, enthusiasm, scholarship, rigidness, patience during difficult times are the qualities that enable one to acquire
wealth.

3.

Meaning : Influence, Chastity, friendship, sacrifice, truth, gratitude, dynasty, good conduct, control over
sensual aspects are the qualities that enable one to acquire wealth.

4.

Meaning : A king who shuns the six qualities such as lust, anger, miserliness, happiness, false admiration
and pride leads a happy life.

5.

Meaning :The six wise qualities are service, heeding, extracting good, rememberance, imagination and
visionary knowledge, knowledge of things and deriving knowledge.

6.

Meaning : Sacrifice, truth and bravery are the three great qualities. A king who possesses these qualities
is a manifestation of all virtues.

Sri Chaitanya

Vijayawada

Page No : 12