ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1

DBM1013

POLITEKNIK UNGKU OMAR

CONTROL GROUP

Trigonometry Syllabus

Matrices Syllabus

Define sine, cosine, tangent, secant, cosecant and cotangent

B

sin

cos

tan

csc

sec

cot

Sketch the graph of sine, cosine and tangent

Graph y = sin x

x
2
sin x
1

Graph y = tan x

x
2
sin x

2
1

2
1

2
0

Graph y = cos x

x
2
cos x

Positive and Negative Values of Trigonometric Functions in Quadrant

Find the values of trigonometric functions

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

cos 120 = ________

tan 220 = ________
sin 320 20 = ________
cos = 0.9205. Find between 0 360 .

v.

sin = -0.5736. Find between 180 270 .

vi.

tan = -1.048. Find between 0 360 .

Solve trigonometric equations involving trigonometric basic identities, compound angle and double
angle formulae

Trigonometric Basic Identities

sin 2 cos2 1
1 tan 2 sec2
cos2 1 cosec 2

Double Angle Formulae

sin 2 A 2 sin Acos A

cos 2 A cos2 A sin 2 A

2 tan A
tan 2 A
1 tan 2 A

Compound Angle Formulae

sin( A B) sin Acos B sin B cos A
cos(A B) cos Acos B sin B sin A
tan A tan B
tan( A B)
1 tan A tan B

Find the value of that will satisfy the following equations ( 0 360 ).
i. 2 sin 1 0

ii.

2 sin 2 sin 1 0

iii. 5 cos2 3 sin 3 0

iv. sin 2 sin 0

v.

cos 2 sin

By using Compound Angle Formulae, expand and simplify cos 60 .

Prove that sin 90 x cos x

Sine Rule and Cosine Rule

Sine Rule
a
b
c

sin A sin B sin C

Cosine Rule

a b 2 c 2 2bc cos A
2

Area of a Triangle
1
A bc sin A
2

Find the length of x in the triangle below and figure out the area of it.

60
x

80
7 cm

Identify the character of matrices

1 4 4
Matrix A = 0 3 4
0 2 6

Row

Column
Elements of matrix A are the numbers 1, 4, -4, 0, -3, 4, 0, -2 and 6.
Element a13 is -4.
Row number

Column number

3 6 7
Matrix B =
. The order of matrix B is 2 3 .
2 5 0

Number
of row

Number
of column

Types of matrices
Square Matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns. Example:

4 2
4 10

1 4 4
0 3 4

0 2 6

Zero Matrix or null matrix is a matrix with all the elements being zero. Example:

0 0
0 0

0 0 0
0 0 0

0 0 0

Diagonal Matrix is a square matrix which has zeroes everywhere other than the main diagonal.

2 0
0 7

5 0 0
0 2 0

0 0 3

Identity Matrix is a square matrix which has a 1 for each element on the main diagonal and 0 for all other elements.
1 0 0
0 1 0

0 0 1
Transpose of a Matrix is a matrix which is formed by turning all the rows of a given matrix into columns and vice versa.
3 6 7
Matrix A =

2 5 0

3 2
Transpose of matrix, A = 6 5
7 0
T

Addition of Matrices
To add two or more matrices, the order of the matrices must be similar.

3 1 4 10 2 5 8 0
1
3 3 2 4 1 3 0

7 1 5 3 1 3 0 1

Subtraction of Matrices
3 1 4 10 2 5 8 0
1
3 3 2 4 1 3 0

7 1 5 3 1 3 0 1

Multiplication of Matrices
Multiplication of matrices can only be done when the number of column in matrix A is equal to the number of row in matrix
B.

1 6
A = 2 5
3 4
3 3

7
8
9

1 6
B = 2 5
3 4
3 2

2 0
A=

0 7

2 2

3 2
B = 6 5
7 0
3 2

1 6 7 1 6
2 5 8 2 5

3 4 9 3 4

Determinant of matrices
A determinant is a real number associated with every square matrix. It is denoted by det A or |A |
2 2

a c
A=
, |A| = ad bc
b d

3 3

a
B = b
c

d
e
f

g
h , |B| = aei hf d bi hc g bf ec
i

Find the determinant of matrix C.

1 4 2
C = 0 4 6
2 5 0

Inverse of matrices
A-1 =
Step
Step
Step
Step

1:
2:
3:
4:

1
adj.A
A

Calculating the matrix of minors

Convert into matrix of cofactors
Find the adjoin matrix
Multiply by 1/determinant

1 3 2
A = 4 3 0
2 1 2
Step 1:

1
3
Minor A =
1
3

4 0

2
2

2 2
1 2

2
2

2 2
1 2

4 0

4 3

2 1
6 2
6
1 3

= 4 2 5
2 1
6 8 9
1 3

4 3

Step 2:
6 2
6
4 2 5

6 8 9
Minor A

Step 3:
6 6 2
4 2 5

6 8 9
Cofactor A

6 4
6 2

2 5
Adjoint

6 6 2
4 2 5

6 8 9
Cofactor A

6
8
9
A

Step 4:

Solve simultaneous linear equations by using Inverse method

Solve the following simultaneous linear equations:
x 2 y z 17
3 x 2 y z 11
x 5 y z 5

1 2 3 x 17
Step 1: Write in this form. 3 2 1 y 11
1 5 1 z 5

x
Step 2: To find y , we need to find the inverse of the matrix
z

1 2 3
3 2 1 .

1 5 1

x 1 2 3
y 3 2 1

z 1 5 1

17
11

5

Step 3: Finding the inverse.

Solve simultaneous linear equations by using Cramers Rule

10

Use Cramers rule to solve this.

x 2 y z 17
3 x 2 y z 11
x 5 y z 5

11