Protection Settings For 66kV Line - Rev00 - STERLING

66kV Line Protection Relay Setting Calculations, TIMES OF INDIA S/S, STERLING & WILSON
CUSTOMER: M/s. STERLING & WILSON

66kV LINE PROTECTION RELAY SETTING
CALCULATIONS
SALE ORDER NO. 4200363650
REF. DRG. NO. YN1M301764-CAB
Reviewed By
Murali Anivilla
Prepared by
Nadeem
Description
66kV Line Protection Relay Setting Calculations,
TIMES OF INDIA S/S, STERLING & WILSON
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PROTECTION FOR 66kV LINE
S.no
Protection type
IED
Panel
Line Differential Protection, 87L
RED670
Directional O/C Protection, 67
Directional E/F Protection, 67N
Over Voltage Protection, 59
Under Voltage Protection, 27
Breaker Failure Protection, 50LBB
TJM16
6KTA
RXEG21
RAICA
1. Line Differential Protection, 87L( RED670)

NoOfTerminals:
The number of terminals of the protected circuit shall be given. It shall be especially noted that one
protection terminal can process one or two terminals of the protected circuit.
Chan2IsLocal:
Ch2IsLocal is a Boolean setting. The alternative values are No or Yes. This is related to the analogue
current inputs. There are maximum six current inputs, of which four can be from the remote substations.
The first local current is always connected to input channel 1. If there is one more local current, which
will be the case e.g. in a 1 breaker baybreaker-and-a-half, then the second local current is connected
to input channel 2. The information whether a second local current source exists, is needed for the
directional evaluation made by the internal/external fault discriminator. In case of a second local
current, this evaluation is made by comparing the direction of the local negative sequence current, one
at a time, with the sum of all the rest of the negative sequence currents.
IBase:
A common IBase shall be set for the protected line (circuit). Most current settings for the protection
function are then related to the IBase. The setting of IBase is normally made such that it corresponds to
the maximum rated CT in any of the line terminals.
Operation:
The line differential function is switched on or off with this setting.
IdMin:
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This setting shall take into account the fundamental frequency line charging current, and whether a
power transformer is included in the protected zone or not.
If the charging current compensation is enabled, the setting of IdMin shall be:
IdMin ICharge, and if it is disabled: IdMin 2.5
As per the given data, Cable charging current is 2.87A/km and line length is 1.69km. (Kindly confirm
the length before commissioning)
Hence charging current = 2.87x1.69
= 4.8503A, which is 4.8503/400 = 0.0121 times the base current (400A).
As we are keeping charging current compensation ON, Idmin should be greater than Icharge
Hence Idmin 0.0121,
With some margin, it is recommended to set 0.2 times the Ibase.
Hence Ibase has been set for 0.2.
IdMinHigh:
This is a setting that is used to temporarily decrease the sensitivity in situations when:
1. The line is energized
2. When a fault is classified as external
3. When a tap transformer is switched in
Energizing a line will cause transient charging currents to appear. Generally speaking, these currents
are differential currents, but as they are rich on harmonics, they will only partly be measured by the
differential protection which in this case measures the Fourier filtered differential current. Desensitizing
the differential protection in this situation by using IdMinHigh instead of IdMin is a safety precaution
and a setting of 1.0 IBase should be suitable in most cases to cover number 1 above.
Number 2 means that IdMin is substituted by IdMinHigh whenever a fault is classified as external by
the internal/external fault discriminator. Also here, it is an extra safety precaution to desensitize the
differential protection, and a setting of 1.00 IBase can normally be used.
tIdMinHigh:
Time interval of initial lower sensitivity, in sec.
IdUnre:
Values of differential currents above the unrestrained limit will give a trip disregarding all other
criteria i.e. irrespective of the internal/external fault discriminator and any presence of harmonics. It
is intended for fast tripping of internal faults with high fault currents.
It has been set for 10 times the base current. It can be adjusted based on fault level.
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ChargCurEnable:
Compensation for charging currents can be selected active or not by setting ChargCurEnableYes or
No. The compensation works such that the fundamental frequency differential current that is
measured under steady state undisturbed conditions, is identified and then subtracted making the
resulting differential current zero (or close to zero). This action is made separately for each phase. It
has been set ON (Yes).
EndSection1 set as a multiple of IBase:
The default value 1.25 is generally recommended. If the conditions are known more in detail, other
values can be chosen in order to increase or decrease the sensitivity.
EndSection2 set as a multiple of IBase:
values
can be chosen in order to increase or decrease the sensitivity.
SlopeSection2 set as a percentage value: [Operate current/Restrain current]
SlopeSection3 set as a percentage value: [Operate current/Restrain current]
2nd and 5th harmonic analysis:
When the harmonic content is above the set level, the restrained differential operation is blocked.
However, if a fault has been classified as internal by the negative sequence fault discriminator, any
harmonic restraint is overridden. (Exemption: Classification as internal fault at the same time as the
harmonic content is above set level and the differential current is below IdMinHigh, will not cause a
trip).
I2/I1Ratio:
Set as a percentage value: [I2/I1 100%]
The set value is the ratio of the second harmonic of the differential current to the fundamental
frequency of the differential current.
Transformer inrush currents cause high degrees of second harmonic in the differential current. The
default value of 15% serves as a reliable value to detect power transformer inrush currents as the
content at this phenomenon is always higher than 23%.
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Also CT saturation causes second harmonics of considerable value on the CT secondary side, which
will contribute to the stabilization of the relay at through fault conditions. It is therefore strongly
recommended to maintain a sensitive setting of the I2/I1Ratio also when a power transformer is not
included in the protected zone.
I5/I1Ratio:
Set as a percentage value: [I5/I1 100%]
The set value is the ratio of the fifth harmonic of the differential current to the fundamental frequency
of the differential current. A 20 30% over excitation of a transformer can cause an increase in the
excitation current of 10 to 100 times the normal value. This excitation current is a true differential
current if the transformer is inside the protected zone. It will have a high degree of fifth harmonic, and
the default setting of 25% will be suitable in most cases to detect the phenomenon. As CT saturation
will also cause fifth harmonics on the secondary side, it is recommended to maintain this setting of
25% even if no power transformer is included in the protected zone, similar to what was said above
about the second harmonic setting.
Basic general settings for the L3CPDIF_87L (L3D--) function
Parameter
Range
Step
Unit
Description
Recommended
Settings
2
NoOfTerminals
2,3
No Yes
No
50.0 - 9999.9
0.1
400
Number of current termi-nals of the

protected cir-cuit
2-nd local current con-nected to input
channel 2, Yes/ No
Base (reference) current of the
differential protec-tion
Chan2IsLocal
IBase
Basic parameter group settings for the L3CPDIF_87L (L3D--) function

Parameter
Range
Operation
IdMin
Off On
0.20 - 2.00
Step Recommend Unit

ed Settings
on
0.01 0.2
IB
IdMinHigh
0.20 - 10.00
0.01
tIdMinHigh
0.000 - 60.000
0.001 1.000
IdUnre
1.00 - 50.00
0.01
10.00
IB
NegSeqDiffEn
Off On
On
NegSeqROA
30.0 - 120.0
1.0
60.0
Deg
IMinNegSeq
0.01 - 0.20
0.01
0.04
IB
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IB
0.80
Description
Operation Off / On
Oper - restr charact., sec-tion 1 sensitivity,
multiple IBase
Initial lower sensitivity, as multiple of IBase
Time interval of initial lower sensitivity, in
sec
Unrestrained differential current limit,
multiple of IBase
Off/On selection for inter-nal / external fault
dis-criminator
Internal/external fault dis-criminator
Operate Angle, degrees
Min. value of neg. seq. curr. as multiple of
IBase
Description
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CrossBlockEn
ChargCurEnabl
e
AddDelay
No Yes
Off On
No
ON
Off/On selection of the cross -block logic

Off/On selection for com-pensation of
charging currents
Off/On selection for delayed diff. trip command
Below limit, extra delay can be applied,
multiple of IBase
Off On
Off
IMaxAddDelay
0.20 - 5.00
0.01
1.00
IB
Parameter
Range
Step
Recommende
d Settings
tDefTime
0.000 - 6.000
0.001
0.000
tMinInv
0.001 - 6.000
0.001
0.010
Inverse Delay Minimum Time. In

seconds
CurveType
ANSI Ext. inv.

ANSI Very inv.
ANSI Norm. inv.
ANSI Mod. inv.
ANSI Def. Time
L.T.E. inv.
L.T.V. inv.
L.T. inv.
IEC Norm. inv.
IEC Very inv.
IEC inv.
IEC Ext. inv.
IEC S.T. inv.
IEC L.T. inv.
IEC Def. Time
Programmable
RI type RD type
IEC Def. Time
--
19 curve types. Example: 15 for

definite time delay.
0.05 - 1.10
0.01
1.00
IdiffAlarm
0.05 - 1.00
0.01
0.15
IB
tAlarmdelay
0.000 - 60.000
0.001
10.000
Unit
Description
Definite time additional delay in

seconds
Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) for

inverse delays
rent alarm, factor of IBase
Delay for alarm due to sustained
differential current, in s
Advanced parameter group settings for the L3CPDIF_87L (L3D--) function:

Parameter
Range
Step
Recommende
d Settings
Uni
t
EndSection1
0.20 - 1.50
0.01
1.25
IB
EndSection2
1.00 - 10.00
0.01
3.00
IB
SlopeSection2
10.0 - 50.0
0.1
40.0
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Description
End of section 1, as multiple of reference
current IBase
End of section 2, as multiple of reference
current IBase
Slope in section 2 of operate-restrain
Description
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SlopeSection3
30.0 - 100.0
0.1
80.0
I2/I1Ratio
5.0 - 100.0
1.0
15.0
I5/I1Ratio
5.0 - 100.0
1.0
25.0
0.01 - 1000.00
0.01
0.02
0.01 - 1000.00
0.01
0.14
0.01 - 1000.00
0.01
1.00
0.01 - 1000.00
0.01
1.00
OpenCTEnable
tOCTAlarmDela
y
tOCTResetDela
y
Off /On
Off
0.100 - 10.000
0.001
1.000
0.100 - 10.000
0.001
0.250
charac- teristic, in %
Slope in section 3 of operate- restrain
charac- teristic, in %
Max. ratio of 2nd harm. to fundamental
harm dif. curr. in %
Max. ratio of 5th harm. to fundamental
harm dif. curr. in %
Settable curve parame-ter, userprogrammable curve type.
Settable curve parameter, userprogrammable curve type.
Open CTEnable Off/On
Open CT: time in s to alarm after an open
CT is detected
Reset delay in s. After delay, diff. function
is acti- vated
Note:
Please check the actual system parameters in Analogue Input settings.
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Note: The above can be taken as the reference for Operating characteristics
Note: A setting parameter in LDCM called CompRange should be set higher than max
through fault current. Kindly ensure this before commissioning.
2. Directional O/C Protection, 67(TJM16)

Over current protection PMS can be set to 110% to 120%. As per the given data, CT ratio is 400/1A.
110% of 400A is 440A, pick up 1.1.
The relationship between current and time on the standard curves complies with the standard IEC
60255-3 and can generally be expressed as:
t
k
I
I>
= operating time in seconds

= settable inverse time factor
= measured current value
= set current value.
= index characterizing the algebraic function
= constant characterizing the relay
Calculations:
66kV Bus fault current (3-ph) = 31.5kA (As per given details)
As per the given details bus fault current is 31.5kA, this seems to be bus short circuit level. Kindly
check this value with actual bus fault level.
Assumed operating time at this fault current = 100ms,
Kindly this need to be check and coordinate with down stream settings to avoid mal-operations.
IEC normal inverse has been set for 67. For IEC normal inverse = 0.02 and = 0.14
Operating time t = 100msec
By using the formula
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t = 100msec
= 0.02
= 0.14
I> = 1.1 times the rated current(1A-secondary)
= 440A
I = 31.5kA (As per given inputs)
Calculated TMS (k) by using above formula, k= 0.064.
Kindly set the TMS based on downstream over current protection settings. TMS has to be
coordinated with the downstream over current protection settings.
3. Directional E/F Protection, 67N(TJM16)

Earth fault protection PMS can be set to 20% to 30%. As per the given data, CT ratio is 400/1A.
The relationship between current and time on the standard curves complies with the standard IEC
60255-3 and can generally be expressed as:
t
k
I
I>
= operating time in seconds

= settable inverse time factor
= measured current value
= set current value.
= index characterizing the algebraic function
= constant characterizing the relay
Calculations:
66kV Bus fault current (3-ph) = 31.5kA (As per given details)
Phase-earth fault current = 0.54x3 phase current (Assumed)
= 0.54x31.5 = 17.01kA
Assumed operating time at this fault current = 100ms,
Kindly this need to be check and coordinate with down stream settings to avoid mal-operations.
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IEC normal inverse has been set for 67N. For IEC normal inverse
Operating time t = 100msec
= 0.02 and
= 0.14
By using the formula
t = 100msec
= 0.02
= 0.14
I> = 0.2 times the rated current(1A-secondary)
= 80A
I = 17.01kA (As per above calculations)
Calculated TMS (k) by using above formula, k= 0.081.
Kindly set the TMS based on downstream earth fault protection settings. TMS has to be
coordinated with the downstream earth fault protection settings.
4. Over Voltage Protection, 59(RXEG21)

Over voltage protection shall be set to 120% with a delay of 2sec. As the PT connected is66kV/110V.
Relay set voltage shall be 1.2 x 110V = 132V.
5. Under Voltage Protection, 27(RXEG21)

Under voltage protection shall be set to 80% with a delay of 2sec. As the PT connected is66kV/110V.
Relay set voltage shall be 0.8 x 110V = 88V.
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6. Breaker Failure Protection, 50LBB(RAICA)
Settings for Breaker backup protection
Relay Details
Current setting range
Time setting range
0.1 A-1.5 A
20ms - 99Hrs
System Details
Rated MVA
Rated voltage
Full load current
CT Ratio
10MVA
66kV
88A
250/1
Recommended setting
Current setting
Time setting
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0.2A
200msec
Description
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Protection Settings For 66kV Line - Rev00 - STERLING

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Protection Settings For 66kV Line - Rev00 - STERLING

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66kV Line Protection Relay Setting Calculations, TIMES OF INDIA S/S, STERLING & WILSON

CUSTOMER: M/s. STERLING & WILSON

Line Differential Protection, 87L

Directional O/C Protection, 67

Directional E/F Protection, 67N

Over Voltage Protection, 59

Under Voltage Protection, 27

Breaker Failure Protection, 50LBB

1. Line Differential Protection, 87L( RED670)

Number of current termi-nals of the

Basic parameter group settings for the L3CPDIF_87L (L3D--) function

Step Recommend Unit

Off/On selection of the cross -block logic

Inverse Delay Minimum Time. In

ANSI Ext. inv.

IEC Def. Time

19 curve types. Example: 15 for

Definite time additional delay in

Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) for

Advanced parameter group settings for the L3CPDIF_87L (L3D--) function:

2. Directional O/C Protection, 67(TJM16)

= operating time in seconds

3. Directional E/F Protection, 67N(TJM16)

= operating time in seconds

By using the formula

4. Over Voltage Protection, 59(RXEG21)

5. Under Voltage Protection, 27(RXEG21)

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