Professional Documents
Culture Documents
March 2015
t h e t wo s h a l l
b e com e on e f l e s h :
r e c l a i m i ng m a r r i ag e
A statement by Evangelicals and Catholics Together
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t h e t wo sh a l l be com e on e f l e sh
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Marriage creates one body, a new reality, ennobling the sexual union of a man and a woman by
ordering it toward a common life that promotes the
good of the couple, the family, and the community
as a whole. Marriage creates a unique social union
not based on blood relations or common descent (a
man leaves his father and his mother and cleaves to
his wife); thus marriage is also the primordial institution of human society. Martin Luther called it the
f i r s t t h i ngs
ike Jesus, Paul the apostle quotes the teaching of Genesis that, when a man leaves his
parents and cleaves to his wife, he is united
with her in one flesh. But Paul also teaches
that the bond between man and woman in
marriage is a great sign of the union between Christ
and the Church. It is, the apostle writes, a profound
mystery that signifies the intimate relation between
Christ and his bride the Church (Rev. 21:2) and proclaims Christs unifying power, which in his death
and Resurrection has broken down the dividing
wall of hostility between Jew and Gentile (Eph.
2:14), making the Lord himself our peace. In this
bond of peace, the Church comes together as one
body, sharing one Lord, one faith, one baptism,
one God and Father of us all (Eph. 4:56). Marriage, similarly, is a bond of peace, in which male
and female find their intended unity. In Christ Jesus,
marriage serves as a redemptive sign that the great
chasm separating creature from Creator has been
bridged, and the original unity intended by God has
been restored, both among us and between humanity
and its Creator.
March 2015
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t h e t wo sh a l l be com e on e f l e sh
The Fathers of the Second Vatican Council sounded similar themes in their teaching on marriage in the
Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern
World:
God himself is the author of marriage and has endowed it with various benefits and with various
ends in view: all of these have a very important
bearing on the continuation of the human race, on
the personal development and eternal destiny of
every member of the family, on the dignity, stability, peace, and prosperity of the family and of the
whole human race. By its very nature the institution of marriage and married love is ordered to the
procreation and education of the offspring and it
is in them that it finds its crowning glory. Thus the
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f i r s t t h i ngs
March 2015
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t h e t wo sh a l l be com e on e f l e sh
he revolution in our marriage and family law, already well advanced, marches
under the banners of freedom and equality. But these noble ideals are here gravely
misapplied. When society systematically
denies the difference between male and female in law
and custom, our fundamental dignity is diminished,
the image of God within us is obscured, unreality
becomes legally established, and those who refuse to
conform are regarded as irrational bigots. Further, as
same-sex couples are granted the right to marry, they
will inevitably assert a right to children as well. But
children are a gift, not a right. Forgetting this adds
powerful pressure for the expansion of radical forms
of reproductive technologysuch as sperm and egg
donation along with surrogacy, which involves contracting with a woman for the carrying of a pregnancy for intended parents.
Freedom itself is severely compromised when our
speech about the difference and complementarity of
male and female must be policed, and any dissent
from the new orthodoxies assiduously suppressed.
It is increasingly difficult to affirm that marriage
is the union of a man and a woman without being
ruled outside the boundaries of reasonable public
conversation. And once opposition to same-sex marriage is judged to be discriminatory, no institution
that declines to substitute unreality for reality will
remain unaffected. Some individuals are already being censured and others have lost their jobs because
of their public commitment to marriage as the union
of a man and a woman.
As Christians, we must state, unambiguously,
that same-sex marriage contradicts the Gospel. As
we have noted, Holy Scripture teaches that marriage,
as ordered by God, is a mysterious sign of the union
of Christ and the Church. This sign is dependent on
the profound complementarity of male and female.
A conception of marriage that allows for same-sex
unions denies this element of difference, rendering
it unable to signify the mystical union of Christ and
his Church.
As Evangelicals and Catholics committed to the
Gospels invitation to discipleship, we are acutely
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March 2015
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t h e t wo sh a l l be com e on e f l e sh
EVANGELICAL PROTESTANTS
Dale Coulter
Regent University
Eduardo Echeverria
Sacred Heart Major Seminary
Joel Elowsky
Concordia Seminary, St. Louis
Douglas Farrow
McGill University
Robert Gagnon
Pittsburgh Theological Seminary
Thomas Guarino
Seton Hall University
Timothy George
Beeson Divinity School
Matthew Levering
Mundelein Seminary
Jennifer Lahl
Francesca Murphy
University of Notre Dame
Russell Reno
First Things
George Weigel
Ethics and Public Policy Center
Robert Wilken
Institute on Religion and Public Life
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Peter Leithart
Theopolis Institute
Kevin J. Vanhoozer
Trinity Evangelical Divinity School
John Woodbridge
Trinity Evangelical Divinity School
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March 2015
The substance of The Two Shall Become One Flesh is endorsed by the following:
Daniel L. Akin
Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary
Balzs M. Mezei
Pazmany Peter Catholic University
Paul Allen
Concordia University, Montreal
J. Michael Miller
Archbishop of Vancouver
Ryan Anderson
The Heritage Foundation
John J. Myers
Archbishop of Newark
Foley Beach
Archbishop, Anglican Church in North America
Francis J. Beckwith
Baylor University
J. I. Packer
Regent College
Matthew W. Bennett
Christian Union
Terrence Prendergast
Archbishop of Ottawa
Ernest Caparros
University of Ottawa (Emeritus)
Robert Reynolds
Christian Legal Fellowship, Canada
Bruce J. Clemenger
Evangelical Fellowship of Canada
Christian Elia
Catholic Civil Rights League
Thomas F. Farr
Georgetown University
Maggie Gallagher
American Principles Project
Mark Galli
Christianity Today
Jacqueline C. Rivers
Seymour Institute for Black Church and
Policy Studies
Brian C. Stiller
World Evangelical Alliance
Mark Tooley
Institute on Religion and Democracy
Robert P. George
Princeton University
Sherif Girgis
Princeton University
Rick Warren
Saddleback Church
Reinhard Huetter
Duke University
Jim Liske
Prison Fellowship Ministries
Paul Winter
Elder, Bruderhof Communities
Dale A. Meyer
Concordia Seminary, St. Louis
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Jonathan Kozol
PloughPublishing www.plough.com