ANSWERS TO

1. What did you observe about the magnitude of the current

flowing to the resistor and inductor? What is this parameter in the
system?
The magnitude of the current flowing to the resistor and to
the inductor is of the same value. This value is equal to the total
current flowing through the circuit. Since the inductor and the
resistor are connected in series, it is expected that the same
amount of current will flow through each component. This
parameter is constant throughout the circuit.
2. What about the magnitude of the voltage across the whole
impedance of the circuit? What is this parameter in the system?
The magnitude of the voltage across the whole impedance of
the circuit is equal to the total input voltage set on the function
generator which is 4VRMS. Since the voltmeter is tapped on the
series connection of the components, the total voltage is
expected to be read. This parameter is constant throughout the
circuit.
3. Based on Table 8.1 and the power curve, what is the power
absorbed by the inductor? What is the reason for this power
(wattmeter reading) absorbed by the inductor?
At a frequency of 250 Hz, the 100mH of inductance gives us
50 of inductive reactance. The power absorbed by the inductor
is computed by the formula for power, P=I^2 X, wherein X is the
reactance of the inductor and we are able to compute for
72.3mW. Since the inductor has an internal resistance, it will
absorb power because of this.
4. Considering an ideal inductor, what did you observe about the
power it absorbed? What do you think is the reason for this power
(wattmeter reading) absorbed by the inductor?

An ideal inductor does not have any resistance or

capacitance inside it. Therefore, it will not dissipate energy and
will not absorb power. In this case, the power absorbed is zero in
value.
5. Based on the data in Table 8.1, what can you observe about the
total power, power absorbed by the resistor and power absorbed
by the inductor? What relationship can do generalize regarding
power?
The power of the inductor and the power of the resistor
make up the measured total power of the circuit. The current
flowing through the elements is of the same value, but the
voltage drop across them is different. This cause the power
absorbed by each element also is different with each other. In
general, the power is directly related to voltage considering that
the current is constant.
6. Based on the data in Table 8.1, at what power factor does the
current operates? From this, which waveform do you think is
leading?
The circuit operates at 0.50 power factor. From this, the
resistor curve is leading the inductor curve by a power factor of
0.5.
7. As you connect the capacitor, what happen to the phase
difference of the two sinusoidal waveforms?
As the capacitor is connected in parallel with the inductor,
the phase difference between the two waveforms increased. The
new power factor is now 0.6, and the resistor waveform is leading.
8. As you connect the capacitor, what happens to the wattmeter
reading? What do you think is the reason for this power
(wattmeter reading)?

The wattmeter reading decreases in value as the capacitor is

connected to the circuit. Since the current is distributed to the
inductor and to the capacitor, the value of the power decreases.
9. Based on Tables 8.3 and 8.4 (measured and calculated values),
what can you say about the values of each parameter compared
from the previous values on Tables 8.1 and 8.2 (measured and
calculated values) upon the addition of the capacitor in the
circuit?
Comparing the values wherein the capacitor is and not
connected to the circuit, the total reactance increased when the
capacitor was connected. In line with this, the total impedance
also increases. Also, the inductor voltage decreases in value. This
all resulted to a decrease in the total power.
10. In Figure 8.2, what do you think would happen to each
parameter in Tables 8.1 and 8.2 (measured and calculated values)
if an inductor was connected instead of a capacitor?
If another inductor will be connected to the circuit, instead of
a capacitor, the value of the total inductance will decrease.
Decreasing the inductance will cause the total reactance to
decrease together with the total impedance. With this decrease
the inductor voltage will also decrease, but the total power of the
circuit will increase since the current also increased.
11. Based on Table 8.5, at what value of the inductor does the
load impedance absorb maximum power? What did you observe
about the magnitude of the inductive reactance and the
capacitive reactance at this condition?
Using the highest value of the inductance which is 360mH,
the load impedance absorbed the maximum power based on the
table. The inductive reactance is at its maximum value, but the
capacitive reactance is still the same for the other 5 trials.

12. What will happen to the magnitude of the total reactance at

this condition?
Since the capacitive reactance is constant, and the inductive
reactance is at its maximum, the total reactance at this condition
is at its minimum value compared to the rest of the trials.
13. At maximum power, how can you relate the load impedance
to the internal impedance or Thevenin's Impedance of given
source?
For maximum power transfer, the Thevenin and load
reactances must be equal in magnitude but opposite in sign; but,
the resistive parts must be equal. In another words the load
impedance must be the conjugate of the equivalent Thevenin
impedance.
14. Based on Figure 8.3, at maximum power, what is the power
factor of the circuit? Why you think it inhibit this value?
At maximum power, the power factor of the circuit is very
close to zero already. This inhibits a value almost equal to zero,
because cos0, will give us a value of 1, then maximizing the value
for the power. On the other hand, if the power factor is close to
one, it will give us a smaller power.