"O MUHAMMAD, TELL ME

ABOUT ISLAM"

Hadith 2

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ENGLISH TRANSLATION
On the authority of Umar also who said:
One day while we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (Peace be
upon him), there came before us a man with extremely white clothing and
extremely black hair. There were no signs of travel on him and none of us
knew him. He [came and] sat next to the Prophet (peace be upon him).
He supported his knees up against the knees of the Prophet, and put his
hands on his thighs. He said, "O Muhammad, tell me about Islam." The
Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said, "Islam is to testify that
there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah; to establish Prayer, pay the Zakat, to fast [the month
of] Ramadhaan, and to make the pilgrimage to the [Allah's] house if you
have the means to do so." He said, "You have spoken truthfully [or
correctly]." we were amazed that he asks the question and then he says
that he had spoken truthfully.

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

He said, Tell me about Imaan (faith)." He [the Messenger of Allah (peace

be upon him)] responded, "It is to believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books,
His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in th divine decree, [both]
the good and the evil thereof." He said "You have spoken truthfully. He
then said, Tell me about al-Ihsaan (goodness)." He [the Prophet]
answered, "[It is] that you worship Allah as if you see Him, and even
though you do not see Him, [you know] He sees you. He [The inquirer]
said, Tell me about [the time of ] the Hour." He [The Prophet (peace be
upon him)] answered, "The one being asked does not know more than
the one asking."

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

He said, "Tell me about its signs." He answered, The slave-girl shall give
birth to her Master, and you will see the barefooted, scantily- clothed,
destitute shepherds competing in constructing lofty buildings. Then he
went away. I stayed for a long time. Then he [the Prophet (peace be upon
him)] said, O Umar, do you know who the questioner was?" I said, "Allah
and his Messenger know best." He said, "It was [the Angel] Gabriel who
came to teach you your religion."
(Recorded by Muslim.)

TEXTUAL ANALYSIS
the Prayer
the Zakat, the poor dues or the obligatory charity.
To Fast to abstain from eating, drinking etc. from dawn to sunset.
The ninth month of the Hijri year
the House meaning the Kaaba in Makkah
Faith
His angels"
His books the holy scriptures revealed to the Prophets; like,
Scriptures of Ibrahim, Torah of Mosa, Zaboor of Dawood, and Gospel
of Jesus.
His Messenger people that receive revelations from Allah and
were ordered to convey it to their people. They are too many and
only 25 of them were mentioned in Quran by name.
The Last Day the day when all people held accountable for their
deeds before Allah.

TEXTUAL ANALYSIS
divine destiny
Perfection.
The Hour here it refers to the Day of judgement although the
word in general means hour or a portion of time.
It signs that indicates that its occurrence time is near.
The Slave girl
her female owner or Master but it could also mean master in a
generic sense.
Literally means: naked but here it may mean scantily clothed
A lengthy period of time.
Angel Gabriel, the Angel responsible for revelation.
Your religion

TAKHREEJ

This hadith from Umar ibn al-Khattab was recorded by Muslim, alTirmidhi, al-Nasaai, ibn Maajah, Ahmad, Abu Dawood, al-Baihaqi,
ibn Hibbaan, ibn Khuzaima, al-Bazzaar, Abu Yala, al-Daaraqootni
and a number of others.
The scholars of hadith differentiate hadith by their texts as well as
by the Companions who narrated the hadith. This particular hadith
has also been narrated through acceptable chains from the
Companions Abu Huraira, ibn Umar, ibn Masood and al-Harith alAshari. The narration from Abu Huraira has been recorded by alBukhari, Muslim, ibn Maajah, ibn Abu Shaiba, ibn Hibbaan and
others.

MAJOR CAUSES FOR DIFFERENT NARRATIONS:

The incident may seem like one event, but the

narrators were describing different events.
Some of the narrators may narrate the hadith by
the meaning without maintaining the exact
wording.
The different retentive strengths of the narrators.
Narrators may abridge the text of the hadith or
narrate only the part that is more suitable to the
occasion.

MAJOR CAUSES FOR DIFFERENT NARRATIONS:

One of the narrators may be present for only a portion of

a statement or discussion.
The prophet (PBUH) would sometimes ask questions
and the narrator narrate his own response or the
responses he heard only.

Human mistakes.

Intentional fabrication.

GENERAL COMMENTS ON THE HADITH

The Hadith is one of the most comprehensive

Hadith.
It includes all the aspects of inward and
external acts of worship of Allah.
It is known as the Hadith of Gabriel or the
foundation of the Sunnah (Umm al-kitaab)

THE CIRCUMSTANCES BEHIND THE HADITH

Abu Huraira narrated that the Messenger of

Allah (PBUH) said, Ask me [about matters
related to the religion]. however, the people
abstained from doing so because they were
overawed out of profound respect for him. In
the meanwhile a man came there and sat near
his knees and said, Messenger of Allah, what
is Islam?

TELL ME ABOUT ISLAM

][177:

TELL ME ABOUT ISLAM

It is not righteousness that you turn your faces towards east

and or west (in prayers); but righteousness is (the quality of)
the one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the Angels, the
Book, the Prophets and gives his wealth, in spite of love for
it, to the kinsfolk, to the orphans, and to Al-Masakin (the
poor), and to the wayfarer, and to those who ask, and to set
slaves free, performs As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat ), and gives
the Zakat, and who fulfill their covenant when they make
it, and who are patient in extreme poverty and ailment
(disease) and at the time of fighting (during the battles).
Such are the people of the truth and they are Al-Muttaqun
(the pious ).

THE DIFFINITION OF IMAAN ACCORDING TO QURAN AND SUNNAH

Imaan by the heart,

tongue, and physical
actions

Ahl Al-Sunnah wa alJamaah

The Khawarej

The Mutazilah

There is no Imaan for

the one who does
not perform any
religious deeds.

If a person commits
a major sin, he/she
loses Imaan and
becomes a
disbeliever

Who commits a
major sin is not a
disbeliever but will
be in Hell forever.

THE DIFFINITION OF IMAAN ACCORDING TO QURAN AND

SUNNAH

Imaan by the heart,

tongue only.

The Murjiites of the

Jurists

The majority of the

Maturidis

Deeds of the body

are not included in
Imaan. Imaan does
not increase or
decrease.

Deeds of the Heart

are not included only
beliefs. Imaan does
not decrease or
increase.

THE DIFFINITION OF IMAAN ACCORDING TO QURAN AND

SUNNAH

Imaan by the heart,

tongue only.

The Jahmites

Many Maturidis and

The Asharites

The Murjiites

Imaan is simply the

knowledge of Allah

Imaan is only the

affirmation of the
heart and all the
deeds are excluded as
essential
componenets

Imaan is the acts of

the heart as well as
affirmation. However it
does not include
other deeds

ISLAM, IMAAN AND IHSAAN

If the word Imaan is mentioned solely.
If the word Islam is mentioned solely.
If the word Imaan was mentioned in conjunction
with Islam.
If the word Islam was mentioned in conjunction
with Imaan.
If the word Ihsaan mentioned solely.
If the word Ihsaan mentioned in conjunction with
Islam and Imaan.

ARTICLES OF IMAAN
Al-Tawheed

Tawheed alRuboobiyah

The belief in the oneness of

Allah concerning His actions,
such as His being the sole
Creator and the only One who
nourishes and sustains.

Tawheed alUloohiyah

Tawheed al-Asmaa
wa al-Sifaat

Means that all acts of worship

should be directed toward
Allah and Allah alone as He is
the only one worthy and
deserving of worship.

Implies believing in all of the

names and attributes of Allah
as mentioned in the Quran
and authentic Hadith as
being unique to Him, without
negating them or stripping
them of any meaning,
distorting their meaning,
understanding them in an
anthropomorphic sense or
interpreting them figuratively.

ARTICLES OF IMAAN
Tawheed with respect to what one
acknowledges and believes (Tawheed alItiqad):

Tawheed al-Dhaat: The oneness of His

Essence
Tawheed al-Sifaat: The uniqueness of His
Attributes
Tawheed al-afaal: The uniqueness of His
Actions

ARTICLES OF IMAAN
Tawheed with respect to ones deeds and
actions (Tawheed al-Ibaadah):

Ifrad Allah bil-Hukm: Allah is the only One who

has the legitimate right of making legislations.
Ifrad Allah bil-Nusuk: acts of worship must be
devoted to Allah.
Ifrad Allah bil-Walaayah: ones loyalty and love
must be based on the guidance of Allah.

ARTICLES OF IMAAN

His Angels

His books

His Messengers

The Last day (& Aspects of the Grave)

The Divine Decree (Al-Qadar)

IHSAAN

Definition of Ihsaan (Lexical and technical)

What is meant here: the technical meaning
alone or with the lexical meaning as well

The reward for al-Ihsaan

Seeing Allah .. Is it implied in this Hadith?

ADDITIONAL BENEFITS OF THIS HADITH

The meaning of the Hour: Why it is called

the Hour
The importance of the signs of the hour

Gabriel
The

meaning of Deen
The moral lessons from the Hadith.