Abutment Jembatan

BAB III.
PERHITUNGAN ABUTMENT :
1. Input
Dimension
B2
B1
Rb1
+ 80.30
H1
+ 79.00
Rh1
H5
H10
B3
Slope 1:n
H6
+ 75.00
HT
H2
ho
+ 74.00
Hw2
Hw1
+ 69.00
H3
H4
+
68.10
BT
B5
B4
Unit Weight
Soil
Soil (saturated)
Concrete
B6
Design Load for Parapet

Wheel load of T-Load
T
=
Contact width of T-load
a
=
Effective width of road =
Thickness of pavement =
1.30 t/m3
1.60 t/m3
2.40 t/m3
Reaction of superstructure
Normal
Vn=Rd+Rl
137.96 ton
Seismic
Ve=Rd
71.27 ton
He=
12.83 ton
Type of bearing
Movable
HT
=
12.20 m
B1
=
0.70 m
B2
=
0.35 m
B3
=
0.40 m
B4
=
1.20 m
B5
=
1.00 m
B6
=
2.80 m
BT
=
5.00 m
H1
=
1.30 m
H1 max
=
1.30 m
H2
=
10.00 m
H3
=
0.40 m
H4
=
0.50 m
H5
=
0.40 m
H6
=
0.30 m
H10
=
11.30 m
ho
=
9.30 m
Abutment width BL =
5.00 m
Support from Parapet =
0.35 m
Rh1
=
0.50 m
Rb1
=
0.35 m
Hw1
=
2.00 m
Hw2
=
4.00 m
Slope
=
0.0 slope 1:n
(in case no soil on toe side, input "0")
(He=2 kh Rd, for fixed bearing)

(He=kh Rd, for movable bearing)
7.0 ton
0.30 m
3.00 m
0.05 m
With Impact Plate?

Yes
(Input Yes or No)
Width of Corbel Lp=
0.30 m
Surcharge Load
Thickness of Impact Plate =

Length of Impact plate
Soil depth above plate
(Input Fixed or Movable)

0.70
t/m2
0.30 m
3.00 m
0.40 m
Parameters
q:
q' :
:
:
:
1:
2:
E1:
E2:
:
c:
kh :
Uc:
f:
N-SPT :
Qa :
Qae:
surcharge load (t/m2)

surcharge load (t/m2) (=0)
unit weight of earth (t/m3)
ground surface angle (degree)
internal friction angle (degree)
friction angle between earth and wall (degree) normal
friction angle between earth and earth (degree) normal
friction angle between earth and wall (degree) seismic
friction angle between earth and earth (degree) seismic
wall angle (degree)
cohesion of soil (t/m2)
(do not consider)
Uplift coefficient
Friction Coefficient =Tan b =
Allowable bearing capacity
Allowable bearing capacity
Concrete Design Strength

Creep strain coefficient (concrete)
Reinforcement concrete
Allowable stress
ca
Concrete
sa
Re-Bar
a
Shearing
ma
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar
sy
kgf/cm2
Young's modulus (reinforcement bar)
Young's Modulus Ratio
n
normal t/m2
seismic t/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
(concrete)
(stirrup)
kgf/m2
0.70
0.00
1.30
0.00
40.00
26.70 (=2/3)
0.00
20.00 (=1/2)
33.80
0.00
0.00
0.18
1.00
0.60
60.00
25.00
( max.
37.50
( max.
25.00
37.50
Normal condition
200
0.0035
Seismic condition
200
0.0035
70
2500
7
14
105
3750
10.5
21
3000
2100000
24
3000
2100000
16
t/m2 for soil foundation)

t/m2 for soil foundation)
2. Check
2.1 Stability Analysis
Overturning
Sliding
Settlement
(bearing capacity)
Normal condition
e=
0.30
BT / 6 =
0.83
(e < BT/6)
OK
Fs =Hu / H=
2.62
2.00
OK
Fs >
Qmax = 25.38
Qmax < Qa Check
Qa = 25.0
Seismic condition
e=
0.84
BT / 3 =
1.67
(e < BT/3)
OK
Fs =Hu / H=
1.39
1.25
OK
Fs >
Qmax =
38.34
Check
Qmax < Qa
Qae=
37.5
m
m
t/m2
t/m2
m
m
t/m2
t/m2
2.2 Structural Analysis

(1) Body
Section A-A
Normal
Bar arrangement
Back face
(tensile bar)
(vertical)
(mm)
spacing (mm)
As (cm2)
(mm)
Front face
(compressive bar)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
( As' > 0.5 As, cm2 )
(mm)
Hoop bar
(horizontal)
interval (mm)
Max interval (mm)
Design dimensions
Effective width (whole width) (cm)
Concrete cover :
d1(cm)
d2(cm)
Effective height (cm) : d-d1(cm)
Design load
Mf (t m)
Nd (t)
S (t)
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2)
Checking of allowable stress
Compressive stress c
kgf/cm2
Bending stress s
kgf/cm2
s'
kgf/cm2
Mean shearing stress m
kgf/cm2
25
90
273
25
180
ok
136 >=136.4
500
7.5
7.5
92.5
351.37
254.41
79.42
175
as rectangular beam
47 ok
1613 ok
1.99 ok
Section B-B
Seismic
Normal
25
90
273
25
180
ok
136 >=136.4
16
200
300
500
7.5
7.5
92.5
739.57
187.72
158.95
82
as column
101
1331
1381
3.83
25
180
136
25
180
ok
136 >=68.2
500
7.5
7.5
81.7
148.35
225.62
44.14
ok
ok
ok
ok
74
as rectangular beam
32 ok
1485 ok
3.84 ok
Seismic
25
180
136
25
180
ok
136 >=68.2
16
200
300
500
7.5
7.5
81.7
352.57
158.93
94.96
9
as column
77
1829
947
2.59
ok
ok
ok
ok
(2) Footing
Toe side
(Normal / Seismic)
Bar arrangement
Upper
(tensile bar)
(bridge axis)
(mm)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2)
(mm)
(compressive bar)
(bridge axis)
spacing (mm)
As2' (cm2, >0.5 As2)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
spacing (mm)
Aso (cm2, >As /3)
(mm)
Lower
(tensile bar)
(bridge axis)
spacing (mm)
As2 (cm2)
(mm)
(compressive bar)
(bridge axis)
spacing (mm)
As1' (cm2, >0.5 As1)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
spacing (mm)
Aso (cm2, >As /3)
Design dimensions
Effective width (unit width) (cm)
Concrete cover :
d1(cm)
d2(cm)
Effective height (cm) : d-d1(cm)
Design load
Mf
Nd
S
Required bar (cm2)
Compressive stress
Bending stress
Mean shearing stress
Heel side
Normal
25
150
25
300
ok
16.36 >=8.18
19
300
ok
9.45 >=5.45
25
300
16.36
Seismic
25
150
32.72
19
100
ok
28.35 >=4.50
19
100
ok
28.35 >=10.91
19
150
ok
18.90 >=5.45
25
300
ok
16.36 >=4.50
19
200
ok
14.18 >=5.45
25
300
ok
16.36 >=16.36
19
200
ok
14.18 >=5.45
100
7.5
7.5
42.5
16.41
0.00
26.51
100
7.5
7.5
42.5
30.10
0.00
16.86
100
7.5
7.5
42.5
84.98
0.00
59.40
9.19
16.85
30.63
19.98 ok
1,332.96 ok
3.52 ok
28.51 ok
1,262.70 ok
2.31 ok
92.92 ok
3,495.12 ok
8.00 ok
(3) Parapet
With Impact Plate
Bar arrangement
Back face
(tensile bar)
(vertical)
(mm)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2)
(mm)
(compressive bar)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2, >As3/2)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
(horizontal)
spacing (mm)
As2 (cm2, >As1/3)
(mm)
Front face
(tensile bar)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
As3 (cm2, >As1/2)
(mm)
(compressive bar)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
As3 (cm2, >As1/2)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
(horizontal)
spacing (mm)
As6 (cm2, >As3/3)
Design dimensions
Concrete cover of fronf face (cm)
Concrete cover of back face (cm)
Effective height (cm)
Design load
Mf (t m)
Nd (t)
S (t)
Required bar (cm2)
Compressive stress
Bending stress
Without Impact Plate

Normal
With Impact Plate

Normal
Seismic
12
250
12
250
16
250
8.04
16
250
ok
8.04 >=8.04
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
16
125
16.08
12
12
16
250
ok
8.04 >=5.36
100
7
10
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
16
125
ok
16.08 >=4.50
16
250
ok
8.04 >=5.36
100
28
3.348
0.000
0.000
10
25
0.920
0.000
1.073
6.07
1.65
17.07 ok
942.86 ok
0 ok
10.21 ok
513.06 ok
0.48 ok
(4) Impact Plate and Corbel

Impact Plate
Upper
Bar arrangement
(main bar)
(mm)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
spacing (mm)
As2 (cm2, >As1/6)
Design dimensions
Concrete cover (cm)
Effective height (cm)
Design load
Mf (t m)
Nd (t)
S (t)
Required bar (cm2)
Compressive stress
Bending stress
Corbel
Lower
Upper
16
300
ok
6.70 >=4.50
16
300
ok
6.70 >=4.50
19
150
18.90
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
19
300
9.45
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
100
5
25
100
5
25
4.097
-
100
7
23
2.147
-
7.57
4.31
34.42 ok
1018.96 ok
-
25.85 ok
1120.83 ok
-
Lower
16
300
ok
6.70 >=4.50
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
100
7
23
DIMENSIONS OF ABUTMENT
Abutment Type
Super Structure Type
B2
B1
BM-100
T-Beam
Rb1
H1
Rh1
H5
H6
B3
H10
HT
H2
ho
H3
H4
B4
Super structure Type
B5
BT
T-Beam
Dimensions
BT
H1
HT
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
12.20
0.70
0.35
0.35
1.20
1.00
2.80
Hw1
2.00
Hw2
Rh1
4.00
5.00
H1 max
Rb1
0.50
B6
H2
H3
H4
1.30
10.00
0.40
0.50
1.30
Width of impact plate (Corbel), Lp=
H5
H6
H10
ho
Abutment
Width BL
1.00
0.35
11.30
8.65
5.00
0.30
Thickness of impact plate Ft=
Area
B2
No.
m2
Bimp
Body
15
1.30
10
16
11
17
18
H5
3
2
10.00
12
1: 0
H10
11.30
H6
B3
0.00
19
20
21
22'
H2
10.00
22
5.55
0.00
ho
13
3.10
8.65
2.00
0.40
1.092
3.240
0.840
0.147
14.532
3.114
0.576
0.960
1.344
6.000
0.216
0.108
32.169
160.845
2.075
1.550
2.075
2.017
1.550
2.000
0.800
1.700
3.133
2.500
2.400
2.350
11.550
10.225
10.400
9.450
5.225
3.783
0.633
0.700
0.633
0.250
11.750
11.500
2.266
5.022
1.743
0.296
22.525
6.228
0.461
1.632
4.211
15.000
0.518
0.254
60.156
300.78
12.613
33.129
8.736
1.389
75.930
11.781
0.365
0.672
0.851
1.500
2.538
1.242
150.746
753.73
12
13
14
1.30
1.30
1.30
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.384
0.384
1.920
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.600
0.400
0.000
0.900
0.767
0.900
0.767
Sub-total
Total
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.240
0.240
1.200
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.154
0.154
0.768
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.294
0.294
1.472
10
11
0.090
0.045
0.00
0.00
0.000
0.000
2.400
2.350
11.500
11.500
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
22'
23
23'
Sub-total
Total
1.925
0.630
0.630
0.045
2.750
0.963
0.061
15.540
1.514
8.680
0.560
33.43
167.16
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.60
1.60
2.503
0.819
0.819
0.059
3.575
1.251
0.080
20.202
1.968
13.888
0.896
46.06
230.29
3.625
3.775
3.775
2.450
3.625
3.625
2.133
3.600
2.433
3.600
4.067
12.050
11.750
11.450
11.400
10.425
9.725
9.667
6.775
6.667
2.450
0.633
9.072
3.092
3.092
0.143
12.959
4.536
0.170
72.727
72.727
49.997
3.644
232.16
1160.79
30.155
9.623
9.378
0.667
37.269
12.168
0.770
136.869
136.869
34.026
0.567
408.36
2041.80
13'
14'
Hw2
4.00
Heel
5.00
B4
B5
1.20
1.00
Unit Weight
Soil
Soil (saturated)
Concrete
Canal Slope
Reaction
Normal
Vn= Rd+Rl=
Seismic
Ve= =Rd=
He=
Surcharge Load : qs=
BT
B6
2.80
1300 kg/m3
1600 kg/m3
2400 kg/m3
Total Surcharge Load (t)

Acting Point (m)
10.85
3.775
0 Slope 1:n
137.96
71.27
12.83
0.70
ton
ton
ton
t/m2
Moment
X
Y
t.m/m
t.m/m
Soil
0.50
Distance
X
Y
m
m
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
23
5'
7
Vertical
Load
t/m
0.455
1.350
0.350
0.061
6.055
1.298
0.240
0.400
0.560
2.500
0.090
0.045
13.404
67.02
Toe
14
unit
weight
t/m3
1
2
3
4
5
5'
6
7
8
9
10
11
Sub-total
Total
0.00
Hw1
LOAD AND MOMENT

B1
HT
12.20
0.35
0.30
0.35
WEIGHT OF ABUTMENT
H1
Unit :m
Support
from Parapet
Body
Soil
Hn=0
7/32
Toe
Heel
Xo=Mx/V
1.87 m
0.4 m
5.04 m
1.60
1.60
Yo=My/V
4.686 m
0.767 m
8.866 m
263881217.xls,Stability
EARTH PRESSURE
q
1.30
H10
11.30
HT
12.20
qs
Parameters
qa1
H1
H2
10.00
2.00
0.40
0.50
qw2
4.00
H3
H4
qa2
qu1
qa3
qu2
5.00
qs :
q' :
:
sat:
:
:
1:
2:
E1:
E2:
:
c:
kh :
surcharge load (t/m2)

surcharge load (t/m2) (=0)
ground surface angle (degree)
internal friction angle (degree)
friction angle between earth and wall (degree) normal
friction angle between earth and earth (degree) normal
friction angle between earth and wall (degree) seismic
friction angle between earth and earth (degree) seismic
wall angle (degree)
cohesion of soil (t/m2)
(do not consider)
ground surface angle (radian)
0.000
:
1:
internal friction angle (radian)

friction angle between earth and wall (radian) normal
0.698
0.466
2:
friction angle between earth and earth (radian) normal
0.000
E1:
E2:
:
:
E:
friction angle between earth and wall (radian) seismic

friction angle between earth and earth (radian) seismic
wall angle (radian)
tan-1 kh (radian)
internal friction angle seismic condition /2(radian)
uplift coefficient
0.349
0.590
0.000
0.178
0.349
1.0
Uc:
BT
0.7
0.0
1.3
1.6
0.0
40.0
26.7 (=2/3)
0
20 (=1/2)
33.8
0.0
0.0
0.18
Earth Pressure
Normal Condition
Pa :
Ka 1:
Ka 2:
y:
X:
PV :
PH :
Seismic Condition
Description
active earth pressure (t/m2/m)
coefficient of active earth pressure, earth and earth
coefficient of active earth pressure, wall and earth
Vertical acting point
Horizontal acting point = BT
Vertical Pressure = Pa sin
Horizontal Pressure = Pa cos
qa1 =
qa2 =
qa3 =
qw2 =
qu1 =
qu2 =
0.217
0.217
0.217
-2.000
-2.00
-4.00
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.70
8.20
4.00
1.00
1.0
1.0
x
x
1.30
1.60
23.416
0.217
0.200
4.167
5.0
0
23.416
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.152
2.318
1.392
-2.000
-2.00
-4.00
No.
Pu1 =
Pu2 =
Total
Description
coefficient of active earth pressure
y:
X:
PV :
PH :

Horizontal acting point = BT
Vertical Pressure = Pea sin E
Horizontal Pressure = Pea cos E
qa1 =
qa2 =
qa3 =
qw2 =
qu1 =
qu2 =
Normal condition
No.
Pa1 =
Pa2 =
Pa2' =
Pa3 =
Total (Pa)
Pw2 =
Total
Pea :
Kea1 :
0.323
0.323
0.323
-2.000
-2.00
-4.00
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.00
8.20
4.00
1.00
1.0
1.0
x
x
32.035
0.323
0.304
4.001
5.0
17.821
26.62
1.30
1.60
=
=
=
=
0.000
3.444
2.068
-2.000
-2.00
-4.00
Seismic condition
Description
12.200
8.200
x
4.000
4.000
x
0.152
2.318
2.318
1.392
x
x
x
x
0.500
=
=
=
=
-2.000
2.000
0.500
-2.000
-4.000
x
x
Description
5.000
x
5.000
x
0.500
0.500
=
=
0.500
H
1.857
9.504
9.272
2.783
23.416
-2.000
-2.000
Y
6.100
6.733
2.000
1.333
4.167
0.667
0.667
HY
11.327
63.991
18.544
3.711
97.573
-1.333
-1.333
No.
Pa1=
Pa2 =
Pa2' =
Pa3 =
Total
Pw2 =
Total
V
-5.000
-10.000
-15.000
X
1.667
3.333
2.778
VX
-8.333
-33.333
-41.667
No.
Pu1 =
Pu2 =
Total
8/32
Description
12.200
8.200
x
4.000
4.000
x
0.000
3.444
3.444
2.068
x
x
x
x
-2.000
2.000
-2.00
-4.00
x
x
Description
5.000
x
5.000
x
0.500
=
=
=
=
0.500
0.500
0.500
=
=
0.500
H
0.000
14.122
13.777
4.136
32.035
-2.000
-2.000
Y
6.100
6.733
2.000
1.333
4.001
0.667
0.667
HY
0.000
95.086
27.554
5.514
128.155
-1.333
-1.333
V
-5.000
-10.000
-15.000
X
1.667
3.333
2.778
VX
-8.333
-33.333
-41.667
STABILITY ANALYSIS
Case 1
Normal Condition
1 Moment and Acting Point
Description
V Load
HLoad
V (t)
H (t)
Body
Soil
Toe
Heel
Reaction (bridge)
Earth Pressure
Hydrostatic pressure
Uplift pressure
Surcharge Load
Distance (m)
X
Y
Moment (t.m)
Mx
My
160.85
1.87
4.69
300.78
0.00
1.92
0.40
0.77
0.77
0.00
230.29
5.04
8.87
1160.68
0.00
137.96
0.00
1.55
10.90
213.84
0.00
0.00
117.08
5.00
4.17
0.00
487.87
0.00
(10.00)
(75.00)
0.67
2.78
10.85
0.00
466.87
107.08
0.00
2.201 m
Eccentric Distance
e=(BT/2-Xo)
0.299 m
(6.67)
Bending Moment M =V x e
(208.33)
3.78
Combined Acting Point

Xo=(Mx-My)/V
40.96
0.00
1508.70
481.21
139.69 t.m
2 Stability Analysis
2.1 Over Turnng
e<=(BT/6)
e=
BT/6=
0.299 m
0.833 m
BT/6 is larger than e?
OK
Fs is larger than 2.0 ?
OK
2.2 Sliding
Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan b
Safety Rate against sliding
Fs=Hu/H
0.60
280.12 tf
2.616
2.3 Settlement
Allowale bearing capacity Qa

Reaction from the Foundation
25.00 tf/m2
V
6M
Q max( min)=
BLBT BLBT 2
H
Q min
Q max
Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max

Q max =
25.380 tf/m2
Qmax is smaller than Qa? Check
Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Q min =
11.970 tf/m2
Case 2
BT
Seismic Condition
1 Moment and Acting Point
Description
V Load
HLoad
V (t)
H (t)
Body
Soil
160.85
Toe
Heel
Reaction (bridge)
Earth Pressure
Uplift pressue
Surcharge Load
28.95
Distance (m)
X
Y
Moment (t.m)
Mx
My
1.87
4.69
300.8
135.67
0.40
0.77
0.77
0.00
41.45
5.04
8.87
1160.7
367.5
71.27
12.83
1.55
11.40
110.47
146.25
89.11
133.10
5.00
4.00
445.5
532.5
1.92
230.3
(10.00)
(75.00)
0.67
2.78
0.00
0.00
478.4
206.33
1.664 m
Eccentric Distance
e=(BT/2-Xo)
0.836 m
(1.33)
Bending Moment M =V x e
(41.67)
5.00
Combined Acting Point

Xo=(Mx-My)/V
4.17
0.00
0.00
1977
1180.6
400.11 t.m
2 Stability Analysis
2.1 Over Turnng
e<=(BT/3)
e=
BT/3=
0.836 m
1.667 m
BT/3 is larger than e?
OK
Fs is larger than 1.25 ?
OK
2.2 Sliding
Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan b
Safety Rate anaginst sliding
Fs=Hu/H
0.6
287.06 tf
1.391
2.3 Settlement
Allowale bearing capacity Qa
37.50 tf/m2
e > BT/6 ?
e
V
in case e<BT/6
in case e>BT/6
V
6M
Q max( min)=
BLBT BLBT 2
X=3(BT/2-e) =
Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max

Q max =
38.342 tf/m2
Foundation Reaction Qe
Q=2V/(BL.X)=
38.343 tf/m2
4.991 m
Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Q min =
-0.068 tf/m2
Qmax is smaller than Qa? Check
Qmax =
Qmin =
X=
X
Qe is smaller than Qa? Check
BT
38.34 tf/m2
0.00 tf/m2
4.99 m
9/32
Bearing Capacity of soil

(1) Design Data
B
B
=
=
cB
40.00 o
5.00 m
=
=
s'
0.00 t/m2
0.90 m
=
=
0.60 t/m3
5.00 m
(=satw)
(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Calculation of ultimate bearing capacity will be obtained by appliying the following
Terzaghi's formula :
qu
c Nc + s' z Nq + s' B N
Shape factor (Table 2.5 of KP-06)
1.30
Shape of footing
0.40
rectangular, B x L
1.00
1.30
1.30
(= 1.09 + 0.21 B/L)
(= 1.09 + 0.21 L/B)
1.30
Shape of footing
1 strip
2 square
3 rectangular, B x L
(B < L)
(B > L)
4 circular, diameter = B
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.30
Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

Nc
82.0
Nq
Nc
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
37
39 >
c Nc
s' z Nq
s' B N
qu
5.7
7.0
9.0
12.0
17.0
24.0
36.0
57.0
70.0
82.0
=
=
=
50.0
Nq
0.0
1.4
2.7
4.5
7.5
13.0
23.0
44.0
50.0
50.0
N
0.0
0.0
0.2
2.3
4.7
9.5
20.0
41.0
55.0
73.0
73.0
0.000
27.000
87.600
114.60 t/m2
(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

qa
qu / 3
38.20 t/m2
(safety factor =
, normal condition)
qae
qu / 2
57.30 t/m2
(safety factor =
, seismic condition)
10/32
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION
A
ABUTMENT BODY
Load and Bending Moment of Abutment Body

Klik untuk menghitung
B1
Dimensions
B1
B2
B3
0.70
0.40
0.35
Hw1
Hw2
5.00
6.00
Abutment Width
Bw=
5.00
m
Seismic Coefficient
Support from Parapet
B2
Lp
H1
1.30
0.60
1
10
3
11
H5
Plat Form of Impact Plate (Lp) =

kh=
0.18
hs=
0.35
m
H5
1.00
H6
0.35
0.30
Mi=
Mx+My
tf.m/m
2.530
5.924
1.751
0.282
13.493
0.682
0.248
0.125
25.035
125.176
Section B-B
Where Hw1' is considered, this section is same as groundwater level.
Wehre Hw1' is not considered, this section is just half of (H1 + H2).
Distance AB:
3.10
m
B-B section
Normal
Vertical Distance
No.
Load
X
t/m
m
1
1.092
-0.454
2
3.240
0.096
3
0.840
-0.429
4
0.147
-0.370
5
9.324
0.096
5'
2.564
-0.318
10
0.216
-0.804
11
0.108
-0.754
17.531
Total
87.655
Seismic
Moment Horizontal Distance
Mx
Load
Y
tf.m/m
t/m
m
-0.496
0.197
7.550
0.312
0.583
6.225
-0.360
0.151
6.400
-0.054
0.026
5.783
0.897
1.678
2.775
-0.815
0.462
1.850
-0.174
0.039
7.450
-0.081
0.019
7.200
-0.771
3.156
-3.855
15.778
Moment
My
tf.m/m
1.484
3.630
0.968
0.153
4.657
0.854
0.290
0.140
12.176
60.879
Mi=
Mx+My
tf.m/m
0.989
3.942
0.608
0.099
5.555
0.039
0.116
0.059
11.405
57.024
B5
(H1+H2)/2
ho
8.65
5.65
or
1.10
5'
Hw1'
3.10
A
(0,0)
unit:m
ho
8.65
Moment
My
tf.m/m
2.093
5.438
1.436
0.235
11.313
1.616
0.410
0.200
22.743
113.715
B3
H2
10.00
Load and Bending Moment due to Super Structure

Normal
Vertical Distance
Load
X
t/m
m
No.
Section A-A
Normal
Rd + Rl
Seismic
Rd
Section B-B
Normal
Rd + Rl
Seismic
Rd
H2
10.00
Seismic
Moment Horizontal Distance
Mx
Load
Y
tf.m/m
t/m
m
0.437
0.197
10.650
0.486
0.583
9.325
0.315
0.151
9.500
0.047
0.026
8.883
2.180
2.616
4.325
-0.934
0.561
2.883
-0.162
0.039
10.550
-0.076
0.019
10.300
2.292
4.192
11.462
20.960
H6
H1
1.30
A-A section
Normal
Vertical Distance
No.
Load
X
t/m
m
1
1.092
0.400
2
3.240
0.150
3
0.840
0.375
4
0.147
0.317
5
14.532
0.150
5'
3.114
-0.300
10
0.216
-0.750
11
0.108
-0.700
23.289
Total
116.445
B5
1.00
Moment
Mx
tf.m/m
Seismic
Horizontal Distance
Load
Y
t/m
m
Moment
My
tf.m/m
Mi=
Mx+My
tf.m/m
137.962
71.272
0.15
0.15
20.694
10.691
0.00
12.83
0.00
10.87
0.00
139.41
20.694
150.099
137.962
71.272
0.15
0.15
20.694
10.691
0.00
12.83
0.00
7.77
0.00
99.64
20.694
110.329
Load and Bending Moment due to Earth and Water Pressure

1) Section B-B
a) Normal Condition
q1=
qs*Ka
(qs+*H)*Ka
q2=
(q1+q2)*(1/2)*H*cos
EaH=
y=
[H*(2q1+q2)]/[3*(q1+q2)]
S=
EaH*Bw
My=
EaH*Bw*y
where,
qs
Ka2
y
S
Bw
Surcharge Load
Unit weight of soil
Unit weight of saturated soil
friction angle between earth and wall
depth11
Acting Point (m)
Shearing Force(tf)
Abutment Width
q1=
q2=
Eah=
y=
S=
My=
0.140
2.270
8.828
2.892
44.142
127.659
0.70
0.200
1.3
1.6
0.4660
8.20
tf/m
tf/m
tf/m
m
tf
tf.m
qa1
H= 8.20
qa2
tf/m2
H1+H2
11.30
3.10
1.10
tf/m3
tf/m3
radian
m
qw2
qa3
5.00 m
11/32
263881217.xls, Body
b) Seismic Condition
qe1=
q'*Kea
(q'+*H)*Kea
qe2=
(qe1+qe2)*(1/2)*H*cos
EeH=
y=
[H*(2qe1+qe2)]/[3*(qe1+qe2)]
S=
EeH*Bw
My=
EeH*Bw*y
where,
q'
Kea
y
S
Bw
qe1=
qe2=
EaH=
y=
S=
My=
Surcharge Load (seismic)

Unit weight of soil
friction angle between earth and wall
0.000
3.444
13.270
2.733
66.350
181.357
0
0.323
1.3
0.3491
8.20
Acting Point (m)

Shearing Force(tf)
Abutment Width
tf/m
tf/m
tf/m
m
tf
tf.m/m
tf/m2
tf/m3
radian
m
5.00 m
2) Section A-A
a) Normal Condition
Description
= Pa . cos
EaH :
Ka2 :
y:
S=EaH*Bw
My=S*y
qa1 =
qa2 =
qa3 =
qw2 =
0.200
0.200
0.200
-1.100
No.
Pa1 =
0.140
Pa2 =
2.130
Pa2' =
2.130
Pa3 =
0.991
Total (Pa),per m
Pw2 =
-1.100
Total, per m
Total (per width)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.70
8.20
3.10
1.00
y=
S=
My=
x
x
1.30
1.60
Description
11.300
8.200
x
3.100
3.100
x
1.100
width =
5.00
0.500
=
=
=
=
0.500
0.500
=
=
=
=
b) Seismic Condition
Description
= Pa . cos
Pea :
Kea :
y:
S=EaH*Bw
My=S*y
qa1 =
qa2 =
qa3 =
qw2 =
0.323
0.323
0.323
-1.100
No.
Pa1=
0.000
Pa2 =
3.444
Pa2' =
3.444
Pa3 =
1.603
Total
(per m)
Pw2 =
-1.100
Total
(per m)
Total
(per width)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.00
8.20
3.10
1.00
1.30
1.60
Description
11.300
8.200
x
3.100
3.100
x
1.100
width=
5.00
0.140
2.130
0.991
-1.100
H
1.581
8.735
6.605
1.537
18.457
-0.605
-0.605
-3.025
y=
S=
My=
x
x
=
=
=
=
0.500
=
=
=
=
0.500
0.500
16.489
0.200
3.885
82.444
320.322
Y
5.650
5.833
1.550
1.033
3.885
0.367
0.367
HY
8.932
50.954
10.237
1.588
71.711
-0.222
-0.222
-1.109
25.638
0.323
3.720
128.189
476.862
0.000
3.444
1.603
-1.100
H
0.000
14.122
10.677
2.484
27.283
-0.605
-0.605
-3.025
Y
5.650
5.833
1.550
1.033
3.720
0.367
0.367
HY
0.000
82.376
16.550
2.567
101.493
-0.222
-0.222
-1.109
Summary of Intersectional Force

Description
Section A-A
Abutment Body
Reaction at Abutment
Earth Pressure
Total
Section B-B
Abutment Body
Reaction at Abutment
Earth Pressure
Total
Normal Condition
Moment
Load
Shearing
M (tfm)
N (tf)
S (tf)
Seismic Condition
Moment
Load
Shearing
M (tfm)
N (tf)
S (tf)
11.46
20.69
-1.11
320.32
351.37
116.45
137.96
0.00
0.00
254.41
0.00
0.00
-3.03
82.44
79.42
113.71
150.10
-1.11
476.86
740
116.45
71.27
0.00
0.00
187.72
20.96
12.83
-3.03
128.19
158.95
0.00
20.69
0.00
127.66
148
87.65
137.96
0.00
0.00
225.62
0.00
0.00
0.00
44.14
44.14
60.88
110.33
0.00
181.36
353
87.65
71.27
0.00
0.00
158.93
15.78
12.83
0.00
66.35
94.96
12/32
1.4886957
1.42064
263881217.xls, Body
Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Rectangular Beam,

1) Cracking Moment
Normal Condition
Section A-A
Mc= Zc*('ck + N/Ac)
=
where, Mc
Zc
Cracking Moment
Section Modulus
b=100 cm
Zc=1/6*b*h12
Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
'ck
25311625 kgf.cm/m
355 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
253 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
833,333 cm3
'ck = 0.5*ck2/3
ck=
200
kgf/cm2
Axial force
Area of Concrete = b*h1
thickness of section, B5
N
Ac
h1
b
Section B-B
Mc= 35450383 kgf.cm/m
663,775 cm3
17.1 kgf/cm2
254,407
10000
100
500
17.1 kgf/cm2
kg
cm2
cm
cm
187,717
8925
89
500
Section A-A
1) Design Bending Moment
Mf=
sa=
j=
k=
n=
ca=
d=
d1=
h1=
Allowable Stress R-bar

1 - k/3
n / (n + sa / ca)
Young's modulus ratio
Allowable Stress Concrete
Effective height
= h1-d1
7.5
cm
100
cm
351 tf.m/m
148 tf.m/m
74 cm2
2500 kgf/cm2
0.866
0.402
24
70 kgf/cm2
93 cm
2500 kgf/cm2
0.866
0.402
24
70 kgf/cm2
93 cm
Mu= As*sy { d - 0.5*[As*sy]/[0.85*ck*b]}

Mu=
471 tf.m
3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=
As=
sy=
'ck=
b=
Section B-B
As_req= Mf / ( sa*j*d)
As_req=
175 cm2
2) Required Bar Area
Ultimate Bending Moment

Area of Tensile Bar
Yielding point of Tensile Bar
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
Design Compressive Strength of Concrete
Effective Width
4) Checking : Single or Double Bar Arrangement
3000 kgf/cm2
200 kgf/cm2
500 cm
M1=
M1=
(d/Cs)2*sa*b
521 tf.m
sa=
ca=
14.325
0.866
0.402
36
2500 kgf/cm2
70 kgf/cm2
kg
cm2
cm
cm
203 tf.m
3000 kgf/cm2
200 kgf/cm2
500 cm
521 tf.m
M1= Resistance moment

Cs=
j=
k=
n=
{ 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2
1 - k/3
n / (n + ssa / sca)
sa/ca
Check : M1 > Mf ?
M1=
Mf=
521 tf.m
351 tf.m
Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only
14.325
0.866
0.402
36
2500 kgf/cm2
70 kgf/cm2
521 tf.m
148 tf.m
Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only
(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area :
2%*b*d
Min Bar Area :
4.5%*b
Estimation of Required Bar Area :
As max =
As min =
As_req=
Apply
b/pitch=
As=
Required Bar Nos :

Bar Area :
925 cm2
23 cm2
175 cm2
25 @ 90
56 nos
273 cm2
ok
sa=
d=
d2=
h
ok
As1= Mf / {sa*j*d}
As1=
175 cm2
As2=
97 cm2
Resistance Moment by Tensile bar As2
2500 kgf/cm2
92.5 cm
7.5 cm
Mrs= sa*As2*(d-d2)
Mrs=
207 tf.m
d1
925 cm2
23 cm2
74 cm2
25 @ 180
28 nos
136 cm2
84 cm2
53 cm2
2500 kgf/cm2
81.748555 cm
7.5 cm
98 tf.m
As=As1+As2
(b) Compressive Bar ( in case Mf > Ml )
M' =
M'=
d2
d1
As
Required Bar Area :
0 tf.m
As'_req= M' / [sa*(d - d2)]

As'_req=
0 cm2
M1=
521 tf.m
Mf=
351 tf.m
As'
h
Mf - M1
d=
d2=
sa=
As'_req=
Apply =
92.5
0
2500
0
13/32
cm
cm
kgf/cm2
cm2
0 tf.m
0 cm2
521 tf.m
148 tf.m
92.5
0
2500
0
cm
cm
kgf/cm2
cm2
263881217.xls, Body
Bar Area :
As' =
0 cm2
14/32
ok
0 cm2
ok
263881217.xls, Body
5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only
s =
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
351 tf.m
79 tf
1,613 kgf/cm2
c =
m =
p=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
47 kgf/cm2
2 kgf/cm2
0.006
k=
j=
{(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b=
d=
n=
ok
ok
ok
0.409
0.864
500 cm
92.5 cm
24
148 tf.m
159 tf
1,485 kgf/cm2
32 kgf/cm2
4 kgf/cm2
0.003
ok
ok
ok
0.312
0.896
500 cm
92.5 cm
24
x=kd
h
d
As
d1
(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf=
S=
0 tf.m
0 tf
0 tf.m
0 tf
c =
s =
s' =
m =
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
0
0
0
0
0.006
0.000
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.409
0.177
0.312
0.140
j=
(1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
b=
b
d2=
d2
d=
n=
x=kd
As'
0.864
500 cm
0 cm
92.5 cm
24
0.896
500 cm
0 cm
92.5 cm
24
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
0
0
0
0
0.003
0.000
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
As
d1
15/32
263881217.xls, Body
Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Column,

1) Minimum Area as Column
Acmin =
sa=
ca=
N=
Acdes=
Seismic Condition
Section A-A
N / (0.008*sa+ca)
Allowable stress of Reinforcement bar
Allowable stress of Concrete
Axial force
b*h
Minimum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam
(b) As a column
4.5% * b
0.8% * Acmin
Maximum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam
(b) As a column
2%*b*d
6% * Ac
1,390
3750
105
188
50,000
cm2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
tf
>
Section B-B
Acmin
ok
1,177
3750
105
159
44,624
cm2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
tf
>
As min=
As min=
23 cm2
11 cm2
23 cm2
9 cm2
As max =
As max =
925 cm2
3,000 cm2
817 cm2
2,677 cm2
Acmin
ok
2) Required Reinforcement Bar

Design Bending Moment
Mf=
740 tf.m
As_req= {[c*(s/2)-N/(b*d)]/sa}*b*d
As_req=
55 cm2
c= Stress of concrete
c=
353 tf.m
6 cm2
72.09 kg.cm2
50.15 kg.cm2
Eq1= c3 + [3*sa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d2)]*c2 - 6*Ms/(n*b*d2)*sa*c - 3*Ms/(n2*b*d2)*sa2 = 0

sa=
Ms=
e=
M=
N=
n=
c=
h=
b=
d1=
d=
s=
Allowable stress of Reinforcement Bar

Eccentric Moment, Ms=N(e+c)
Essentric Distance e=M/N
Axial Force
c=h/2 - d1
Height of Section
Width of section
Concrete Cover
Effective Width of section d=h-d1
n*c/(n*c+sa)
3750
81934590
393.98
740
188
16
42.5
100
500
8
93
0.235
kg.cm2
kgf.cm
cm
tf.m
tf
3750
41156602
221.84
353
159
16
37.124277
89
500
8
82
0.176
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
[3*sa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d2)]=
294
315
6*Ms/(n*b*d2)*sa=
26,932
17,321
3*Ms/(n2*b*d^2)*sa2= 3,156,150
c (trial)=
72
Eq1 (trial)= -3194502 re-check
cross check -3194502 ok
kg.cm2
kgf.cm
cm
tf.m
tf
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
2,029,800
c (trial)=
50
Eq1 (trial)= -1981096 re-check
cross check -1981096 ok

Mu= c*(h/2-0.4X)+Ts'(h/2-d2)+Ts(h/2-d1)
Mu= Ultimate Bending Moment (tf.m)
Mu=
Mu= Min (Mu1,Mu2)
c=
ck=
b=
X=
Ts'=
As'=
As=
Es=
cu=
h=
d1=
d2=
255 tf.m
in case X>0
Mu1= 25511888
0.68*ck*b*X
design strength of Concrete
Width of section
solve the equation Eq2 below
As'*Es*cu*(X-d2)/X
Compressive Bar, As'=0.5 As
Required Reinforcement Bar (Tensile)
Young's modulus (reinforcement bar)
Creep strain coefficient (concrete)
Height of Section
Concrete Cover (tensile side)
Concrete Cover (compressive side)
403914
200
500
5.940
-52627
27
55
2,100,000
0
100
7.5
7.5
88 tf.m
in case X<0
32609824
in case X>0
8808908
-506.00
207358.08
200
500
3.049
-31060
3
6
2,100,000
0
89
7.5
7.5
kg/cm2
cm
-3.721
604287
cm
cm
cm
in case X<0
9128431
-104.68
kg/cm2
cm
-0.770
228639
cm
cm
cm
Eq2 = *X2 + (-Ts-N)*X-*d2 = 0
Ts=
sy=
N=
0.68*ck*b
68000
As'*Es*cu
200373
As*sy
163570
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
3000 kgf/cm2
Axial Force
187717 kgf
put a,b,c as follows :

a=
68000
b= -Ts-N = -150914
c= - *d2 = -1502799
then,
68000
21281
17372
3000 kgf/cm2
158927 kgf
68000
-155018
-159605
X=
(-b + (b2-4ac)0.2 ) / (2*a)=
5.940
3.049
X=
(-b - (b2-4ac)0.2 ) / (2*a)=
-3.721
-0.770
16/32
263881217.xls, Body
4) Bar Arrangement
d
d2
d1
Max Bar Area :
Min Bar Area :
(a) Tensile Bar
Required Bar Area
Apply =
Column width
Bar Area
As max =
As min =
925 cm2
23 cm2
817 cm2
23 cm2
As req=
55 cm2
25 @ 90
500 cm2
273 cm2
ok
6 cm2
25 @ 180
500 cm2
136 cm2
ok
ok
3 cm2
25 @ 180
500 cm2
136 cm2
ok
b=
As =
(b) Compressive Bar

Required Bar Area
Apply =
Column width
Bar Area
As' req=
b=
As' =
(c ) Hoop Bar
' min =
Minimum Diameter
' =
Apply
Bar Interval shall satisfy the following conditions:
d =
t < 12* =
t < 48* '=
then
t=
27 cm2
25 @ 180
500 cm2
136 cm2
12 mm
16 mm
925
300
768
200
mm
mm
mm
mm
12 mm
16 mm
ok
817.48555
300
768
200
mm
mm
mm
mm
ok
5) Checking of Allowable Stress, Seismic Condition

s =
c =
m =
p=
k=
j=
b
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
{(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b=
d=
n=
x=kd
740 tf.m
159 tf
3,319 kgf/cm2
112
4
0.00590
0.35016
0.88328
500
92.5
16
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
check
ok
cm
cm
353 tf.m
95 tf
3,486 kgf/cm2
84
3
0.00334
0.27768
0.90744
500
81.748555
16
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
cm
cm
d
As
d1

Mf=
S=
740 tf.m
159 tf
c =
s =
s' =
m =
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
98
3,269
1,172
4
0.006
0.003
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.324
0.177
j=
(1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
b=
b
d2=
d2
d=
n=
x=kd
As'
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
0.897
500 cm
7.5 cm
92.5 cm
16
353 tf.m
95 tf
ok
ok
ok
ok
72
3,458
735
3
0.003
0.003
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
0.251
0.146
0.915
500 cm
7.5 cm
81.748555 cm
16
As
d1
17/32
263881217.xls, Body
Check for Stress of Concrete and Reinforcement bar as Column

Section A-A
Height of section
Effective width
Concrete cover
h
b
d1
d2
As
As'
Mf
N
S
n
c
e
a1
b1
c1
x
Reinforcement bar
Morment
Axcis force
Shearing force
Neutral line
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm2
cm2
kgf/cm
kgf
kgf
a2
b2
b3
b4
b5
b6
c
s
s'
c
Stressing
Normal
100
500
7.5
7.5
273
0
3.51.E+07
254,407
79,419
24
43
138
264
14185
-1312152
72
1454126
Check
18005
26
3862
65
3862
20
44.12
301.14
948.71
1.91
Section B-B
Seismic
100
500
7.5
7.5
273
136
7.40.E+07
187,717
158,953
16
43
394
1032
32056
-2183026
51
2237649
Check
12697
33
3651
43
3651
42
101.27
1330.89
1381.09
3.83
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
Normal
89
500
7.5
7.5
136
0
1.48.E+07
225,617
44,142
24
37
66
63
4040
-330258
56
273329
Check
14036
26
2164
49
2164
26
28.29
309.70
588.34
1.20
Seismic
89
500
7.5
7.5
136
136
3.53.E+07
158,927
94,957
16
37
222
532
11615
-590486
33
399385
Check
8208
34
2467
25
2467
49
76.71
1828.60
947.00
2.59
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION

Section A-A
Description
Abbr.
unit
Calculation Condition
Principle Dimensions
Effective width of section
Height of Section
Concrete Cover (tensile)
Concrete Cover (compressive)
Effective height of Section
Allowable Stress
Concrete
Re-Bar
Shearing
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
c
b
h
d1
d2
d
ca
sa
a
sy
200
500
100
7.5
7.5
92.5
70
2500
7
3000
200
500
100
7.5
7.5
92.5
105
3750
10.5
3000
175
273
D25@90
0
0
55
273
D25@90
27
136
D25@180
As_req.
As
cm2
cm2
Compressive Bar
Required
Designed
As'_req.
As'
cm2
cm2
Hoop Bar
Designed
Aso
Mf
Nd
S
Section B-B
Seismic Condition
Column
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Required
Designed
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Normal Condition
Rectangular Beam
Normal Condition
Rectangular Beam
200
500
89
7.5
7.5
81.748555
70
2500
7
3000
Seismic Condition
Column
200
500
89
7.5
7.5
81.748555
105
3750
10.5
3000
74
136
D25@180
0
0
D16@200
6
136
D25@180
3
136
D25@180
D16@200
tf.m
tf
tf
351
254
79
740
188
159
148
226
44
353
159
95
tf.m
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
471
925
23
175
273
255
925
23
82
409
203
925
23
74
136
88
817
23
9
273
Checking of Minimum Re-Bar

Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Area of Re-bar for Design
Mu
As max
As min
As req.
As_tot=As+As'
Checking of Allowable Stress

Rectangular Beam
Effective height
Compressive Stress
Bending Tensile Stress
Mean Shearing Stress
Column
Compressive Stress
Bending Stress
Shearing Stress
n
d
c
s
s'
m
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
c
s
s'
m
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
24
92.5
47 ok
1,613 ok
2 ok
44
301
949
2
18/32
ok
ok
ok
ok
16
92.5
101
1,331
1,381
4
24
81.748555
32 ok
1,485 ok
4 ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
28
310
588
1
ok
ok
ok
ok
16
81.748555
77
1,829
947
3
ok
ok
ok
ok
263881217.xls, Body
FOOTING
Load and Bending Moment of Footing

1) Computation Conditions
Normal Condition
l1
Toe Side
M
(0,0)
Ra'
Ra=Qmax
Q min
Q max
B4
BT
Heel Side
l2
M
Seismic Condition
(0,0)
Ra=Qmin
Ra'
X
B6
BT
2) Footing
B5
B4
H3
F1
H4
B6
F2
6
F1
sub-total
Distance l1
Heel Side
8
F3
sub-total
Distance l2
1300
2400
700
0
normal condition
unit
Vertical Distance
Moment
weight
Load
X
Mx
m2
tf/m3
tf/m
m
tf.m/m
0.240
2.4
0.576
0.400
0.230
0.600
2.4
1.440
0.600
0.864
2.016
1.094
0.543 m
l1 (X)
seismic condition
Horizontal Distance Moment
Load
Y
My
tf/m
m
tf.m/m
0.104
0.633
0.066
0.259
0.250
0.065
0.363
0.130
0.360 m
l1 (Y)
normal condition
unit
Vertical Distance
Moment
weight
Load N
X
Mx
m2
tf/m3
tf/m
m
tf.m/m
0.560
2.400
1.344
0.933
1.254
1.400
2.400
3.360
1.400
4.704
4.704
5.958
l2 (X)
1.267 m
seismic condition
Horizontal Distance Moment
Load
Y
My
tf/m
m
tf.m/m
0.242
0.700
0.169
0.605
0.250
0.151
0.847
0.321
l2 (Y)
0.379 m
Area
No.
BT
5.00
H3
0.40
unit:m
HT
12.20
HT-H3-H4
11.30
H4
0.50
Unit Weight of Material

Soil
Concrete
Surcharge Load q
q'= q seismic
F3
Area
No.
B6
2.80
BT
Toe Side
Dimensions
B4
B5
1.20
1.00
Abutment Width
Bw=
5.00
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
1.30
2.40
0.70
0
tf/m3
tf/m3
tf/m3
tf/m3
Seismic Coefficient
Kh=
0.18
3) Earth Pressure, Heel Side Only

Dead Load (soil)
Distance l3=Xo-(B4+B5)
Bending Moment Md
Normal Condition
W1=
46.059 tf/m
l3=
1.365 m
Md=
62.890 tf.m/m
Seismic Condition
We1=
46.059 tf/m
l3=
1.365 m
Mde=
62.890 tf.m/m
Surcharge Load W2=q*B6

Distance l4=B6/2
Bending Moment Ms
W2=
l4=
Ms=
1.960 tf/m
1.400 m
2.744 tf.m/m
We2=
l4=
Mse=
0.000 tf/m
1.400 m
0.000 tf.m/m
Vertical Earth Pressure Pv=

Pv=sin *{ (1/2)*Ka**HT^2 + q*Ka*HT}
Coefficient of active earth pressure
Angle between earth and wall
Distance l5 =B6*(2/3)
Bending Moment Me
Pv=
8.164 tf/m
Pve=
8.639 tf/m
Ka=
=
l5 =
Me=
0.200
0.4660 radian
1.867
15.239 tf.m/m
Kea=
e=
l5 =
Mee=
0.304
0.3491 radian
1.867 m
16.126 tf.m/m
19/32
263881217.xls, Footing
4) Reaction from Foundation

Normal Q max
25.380
Qmin
11.970
Seismic Qmax
0.000
Qmin
0.000
X
4.991
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
m
Reaction from Foundation, Toe Side

Normal Condition
Rat=
Q max
Ra't=
Q max-(B4/BT)*(Q max - Qmin)
Seismic Condition
Reat=
Q
Rea't=
Q*(X-B4)/X
Reaction from Foundation, Heel Side
Normal Condition
Rah=
Q min
Ra'h=
Q max-[(B4+B5)/BT]*(Q max - Qmin)
Seismic Condition
Reah'=
Q*(X-B4-B5)/X
Reah=
Qmin
Reah'=
Q*(X-B4-B5)/X
Reah=
0
Reah'=
Q*(X-B4-B5)/X
Reah=
Qmin
Rat=
Ra't=
25.380 tf/m2
22.161 tf/m2
Cantilever length =B4=
1.200 m
Reat=
Reat'=
0.000 tf/m2
0.000 tf/m2
1.200 m
Rah=
Ra'h=
11.970 tf/m2
19.479 tf/m2
2.800 m
Cantilever length =X-B4-B5=
2.800 m
2.791 m
2.791 m
Rea'h=
Reah=
Rea'h=
Reah=
Rea'h=
Reah=
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
5) Intersectional Force due Reaction

Axial Force = 0 tf/m
Description
Footing
Dead Load, Earth
Surcharge Load
Earth Pressure
Reaction form Foundation
Total - per m
Total -5 m
Toe Section
Normal Condition
Moment Shearing
M
S
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
-1.094
-2.016
17.501
16.407
82.033
28.525
26.509
132.544
Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar :
Heel Section
Normal Condition
Moment Shearing
M
S
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
5.958
4.704
62.890
46.059
2.744
1.960
15.239
8.164
-56.734
-44.029
30.097
16.857
150.486
84.287
Seismic Condition
Moment
Shearing
Me
Se
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
-1.094
-2.016
0.000
-1.094
-5.472
0.000
-2.016
-10.080
per m
Seismic Condition
Moment Shearing
Me
Se
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
5.958
4.704
62.890
46.059
0.000
0.000
16.126
8.639
0.000
0.000
84.975
59.402
424.876 297.010
Toe Section
1) Design Bending Moment ( Mf )

Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
M=
Me=
16.407 tf.m/m
-1.094 tf.m/m
Max. Design Bending Moment
Mf=
16.41 tf.m/m

As=
sa=
j=
k=
n=
ca=
Mf / ( sa*j*d)
1 - k/3
n / (n + sa / ca)
9.19 cm2
2500 kgf/cm2
0.866
0.402
24
70 kgf/cm2

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Mu=

Area of Tensile Bar
Effective height = h1-cover
cover d1=
7.5
cm
h1=
90
cm
Effective Width
2.25E+06 kgf.cm
22.51
tf.m
3000 kgf/cm2
82.5 cm
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
200 kgf/cm2
100 cm
4) Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement

(d/Cs)2*sa*b
M1=
M1= 8.29E+06 kgf.cm/m
= 82.92
tf.m/m
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2
k= n / (n + sa / ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio
sa=
ca=
n=
Check M1 > Mf?
M1=
82.917 tf.m
Mf=
16.407 tf.m
14.325
0.402
35.714
2500 kgf/cm2
70 kgf/cm2
24
Compressive
Tensile
M1 > Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only
(a) Tensile Bar

20/32
Max Bar Area :

Min Bar Area :
Required Bar Area
Apply =
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
2%*b*d =
165.00
4.5%*b =
4.50
As req=
9.19
25 @ 300
Nos=b/pitch = 3.3333333
As =
16.36
cm2
cm2
cm2
d1
nos
cm2
ok
(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' =
Mf - M1
M'=
0.00 tf.m
As' = M' / [sa*(d - d2)]
As'=
0.00 cm2
d=
82.5 cm
d2=
0.00 cm
sa=
2500 kgf/cm2
Required Bar Area
Apply =
Bar Area
As' =
d
d1
0.00 cm2
d2
ok

s =
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
16.41 tf.m/m
26.51 tf/m
1,332.96 kgf/cm2
c =
m =
p=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
19.98 kgf/cm2
3.52 kgf/cm2
0.00
k=
j=
{(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b
ok
x=kd
ok
ok
0.26
0.91
b=
100
cm
d=
n=
82.5
24
cm
d
As
d1

Mf=
S=
16.41 tf.m
26.51 tf
c =
s =
s' =
m =
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
19.98
1,332.96
479.59
3.52
0.00
0.00
b=
100
cm
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.26
0.12
d=
d2=
82.5
0.00
cm
cm
j=
(1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
0.91
n=
24
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
d2
Heel Section

Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
30.097 tf.m/m
84.975 tf.m/m
30.10 tf.m/m
x=kd
As
d1
( Normal Condition )
Me>0
M=
Me=
Mf=
As'
Me<0
Tensile
Compressive
Compressivee
Tensile

As=
sa=
j=
k=
n=
ca=
Mf / ( sa*j*d)
1 - k/3
n / (n + sa / ca)
16.85 cm2
2500 kgf/cm2
0.866
0.402
24
70 kgf/cm2

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Mu=
=

Area of Tensile Bar
cover d1=
7.5
cm
h1=
90
cm
Effective Width
4095213 kgf.cm
40.95 tf.m
3000 kgf/cm2
82.5 cm
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
200 kgf/cm2
100 cm

M1=
(d/Cs)2*sa*b
M1= 12338772.5 kgf.cm/m

=
123.39 tf.m/m
Mf=
30.097 tf.m
M1>Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only

Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2
k= n / (n + sa / ca)
11.74
0.402
24
(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area :
2%*b*d =
180.00 cm2
d
21/32
Min Bar Area :

Required Bar Area
Apply =
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
4.5%*b =
4.50 cm2
16.85 cm2
25 @ 150
Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667 nos
As =
32.72 cm2
ok
As req=
d1
Pitch shall be same as that of toe

M' = Mf - M1
As' = M'/[sa*(d - d2)]
M'=
As'=
d=
d2=
As' req=
Required Bar Area

Apply =
Bar Area
0.00
0.00
82.5
0.00
0.00
As' =
tf.m
cm2
cm
cm
cm2
d2
d1
0.00 cm2
ok

s =
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
30.10 tf.m/m
16.86 tf/m
1,262.70 kgf/cm2
c =
m =
p=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
28.51 kgf/cm2
2.31 kgf/cm2
0.00
k=
j=
{(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
cm
0.35
0.88
b=
100
d=
n=
82.5
24
x=kd
h
d
As
cm
d1

Mf=
S=
c =
s =
s' =
m =
30.10 tf.m
16.86 tf
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
28.51
1,262.70
684.15
2.31
0.00
0.00
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.35
0.16
b=
d=
100
82.5
cm
cm
j=
(1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
0.88
d2=
n=
0.00
24
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
b
d2
Heel Section

Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
30.097 tf.m/m
84.975 tf.m/m
84.98 tf.m/m
x=kd
As
d1
( Seismic Condition )
Me>0
M=
Me=
Mf=
As'
Tensile
Me<0
Compressive
Compressivee
Tensile

As=
sa=
j=
k=
n=
ca=
Mf / ( sa*j*d)
1 - k/3
n / (n + sa / ca)

where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
30.63 cm2
3750 kgf/cm2
0.897
0.402
16
105 kgf/cm2
Mu=
=

Area of Tensile Bar
cover d1=
7.5
cm
h1=
90
cm
Effective Width
7.33E+06 kgf.cm
73.31 tf.m
3000 kgf/cm2
82.5 cm
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
200 kgf/cm2
100 cm

M1=
(d/Cs)2*sa*b
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2
k= n / (n + sa / ca)
M1=
=
Mf=
2.21E+07 kgf.cm/m
221.32 tf.m/m
84.975 tf.m
M1>Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only
10.739
0.309
16
22/32
(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area :
Min Bar Area :
Required Bar Area
Apply =
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
2%*b*d =
0.00
4.5%*b =
3.30
As req=
30.63 cm2
25 @ 150
Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667
As =
32.72 cm2

M' = Mf - M1
As' = M'/[sa*(d - d2)]
Required Bar Area

Apply =
Bar Area
M'=
As'=
d=
d2=
As' req=
0.00
0.00
82.5
0.00
0.00
As' =
cm2
cm2
d1
nos
check or arrange compressive bar
tf.m
cm2
cm
cm
cm2
d2
d1
0.00 cm2
ok

s =
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
84.98 tf.m/m
59.40 tf/m
3,495.12 kgf/cm2
c =
m =
p=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
92.92 kgf/cm2
8.00 kgf/cm2
0.00
k=
j=
{(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b
ok
x=kd
check
ok
0.30
0.90
h
b=
100
cm
d=
n=
82.5
16
cm
d
As
d1

Mf=
S=
84.98 tf.m
59.40 tf
c =
s =
s' =
m =
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
92.92
3,495.12
1,486.66
8.00
0.00
0.00
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.30
0.13
b=
d=
100
82.5
cm
cm
j=
(1-d2/d)+k /{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
0.90
d2=
n=
0.00
16
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check
ok
ok
ok
b
d2
As'
x=kd
As
d1
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION, FOOTING

Description
Abbr.
unit
Height of Section, H4
Concrete Cover (tensile)
Concrete Cover (compressive)
Allowable Stress
c
b
h
d1
d2
d
Concrete ca
sa
Re-Bar
Shearing a
ma
sy
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
Compressive Bar
Required
Designed
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
Required
Designed
As' req.
As'
cm2
cm2
Mf
Nd
S
Mu
Ml
As max
As min
As req.
As
tf.m/m
tf/m
tf/m
tf.m
tf.m
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
n
d-d1
c
s
s'
m
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Resistance moment (single bar)
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Effective height
Compressive Stress
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Toe Side
Heel Side
Normal
Normal
Seismic
200
100
50
7.5
0
42.5
70
2500
7
14
3000
200
100
50
7.5
0
42.5
70
2500
7
14
3000
200
100
50
7.5
0
42.5
105
3750
10.5
21
3000
9.19
16.36
D25@300
0.00
0.00
16.41
0.00
26.51
22.51
82.92
165.00
4.50
9.19
16.36
16.85
32.72
D25@150
0.00
0.00
30.10
0.00
16.86
40.95
123.39
180.00
4.50
16.85
32.72
30.63
32.72
25 @ 150
0.00
0.00
73.31
0.00
59.40
73.31
221.32
8.00
4.50
30.63
32.72
24
42.5
19.98 ok
1,332.96 ok
24
42.5
28.51 ok
1,262.70 ok
16
42.5
92.92 ok
3,495.12 ok
3.52 ok
2.31 ok
8.00 ok
23/32
PARAPET WALL
Sectional Force without Impact Plate

(1) Rear Face Reinforcement Bar
T-Load
Mo=
So=
Mp + Me
Sp + Ph
where,
Mo
So
Mp
Me
Sp
Ph
Bending Moment at Parapet (tfm/m)

Shearing Force at Platform (tf/m)
Bending Moment due T-Load (tfm/m)
Bending Moment due Earth Pressure (tfm/m)
Shearing Force dueT-Load (tf/m)
Earth Pressure (tf/m)
Earth Pressure
H1
KaH1
1) Sectional Force due to T-Load

Mp=
Ka T/1.375*{-H1+(H1+a)*ln[(a+H1)/a]
Sp=
Ka T/1.375*ln[(a+H1)/a]
where, Ka
T
a
H1
Coefficient of active earth pressure

Wheel load of T-Load
contact width of T-load
Height of Parapet
2) Sectional Force due to Earth Pressure

0.5 *Kah*H1^2
Ph=
Me=
(1/3)*Ph*H1
where, Kah
H1
1.402 tfm
1.703 tf
0.200
7.000 tf
0.300 m
1.300 m
Ph=
Me=
0.214 tf
0.093 tfm
Ka*cos
friction angle between the parapet wall and soil = (1/3)
Unit Weight of Soil
Height of Parapet
3) Summary of Sectional Force

Mo=
Mp + Me
So=
Sp + Ph
0.194
0.233 (radian)
1.300 tf/m3
1.300 m
1.495 tfm
1.917 tf
2. Sectional Force with Impact Plate

(1) Front Face Reinforcement Bar (compute under normal condition)
Lo
R
LoBu
Lx
w1
Ds
w2
Ft
B1
Rf=
Rp=
R=
Lx=
Mf=
B2
(1/2)*Wd*Lo
T/1.375
Rf + Rp
(1/2)*B2+Bu
R*Lx
where, Rf
Wd
w1
w2
Lo
Rp
R
Lx
Bu
Mf
Bu
L=0.7 Lo
Rf=
Rp=
R=
Lx=
Mf=
Reaction due self weight Wd

w1 + w2
weight of soil on impact plate
self-weight of impact plate
Length of Impact Plate
Reaction due to T-Load
Total Reaction
Distance from center of parapet to reaction point
width of corbel
Bending Moment at Parapet
1.958
5.091
7.048
0.475
3.348
tf/m
tf/m
tf/m
m
tfm/m
tf
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
m
tf
tf
m
0.30 m
tfm/m
1.31
0.59
0.72
3.00
24/32
B2=
Bu=
Thickness of impact plate

Thickness of pavement
Effective width of road
0.35
0.30
m
m
(=Lp)
Ft=
Ds=
Dp=
B=
0.30
0.40
0.05
3.00
m
m
m
m
263881217.xls, Parapet
(2) Rear Face Reinforcement Bar (compute under seismic condition)

Lo
Ds
H1
Ft
RH
Yr
H1
he
B1
Bu
B2
Kah he
1) Sectional Force due to Impact Plate

Rh=
Mr =
2*Rf*Kh
Rh*Yr
where, Kh
Yr
0.705 tf/m
0.705 tfm/m
seismic coefficient
= H1-Lp =
Lp=
0.300 m
(= Bu)
0.18
1.000 m
2) Sectional Force due to Earth Pressure

H1 > Ds ?
H1=
H1Ds=
1.300 m
0.900 m
Peh 1=
Me 1=
Peh 2=
Me 2=
(1/2)**Kah*Lp^2
Peh*[(Lp)*(1/3)+(H1-Lp)]
(1/2)**Kah*he^2
(1/3)*Peh*he
0.011
0.013
0.102
0.031
then
Peh
Me
0.114 tf/m
0.043 tfm/m
=Peh 1+ Peh2
=Me 1+Me2
tf/m
tfm/m
tf/m
tfm/m
3) Intersectional Force of Parapet due to Earth Pressure

B1
B2
Section
Lp
H1
Lp
10
11
Area
(m2)
Seismic Distance Moment

Weight
Gh (tf)
y(m)
Mg (tfm)
0.455
2.4
1.092
0.18
0.197
0.650
0.128
0.090
2.4
0.216
0.18
0.039
0.750
0.029
0.045
2.4
0.108
0.18
0.019
0.800
0.016
0.255
0.172
Note:
if H1 < Dc, areas 10 & 11 would be counted as "0"
1
10
11
Lp
B5
Unit
Weight
Weight
(tf)
Kh
4) Summary of Intersectional Force

Mo=
So=
Mr+Me+Mg
Rh+Reh+Gh
0.920 tfm/m
1.073 tf/m
3. Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*('ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
'ck
N
Ac
b
B2
Mc= 349120.1 kgf.cm
Cracking Moment
Sectional Coefficient
Zc=b*B2^2/6
b=100 cm
Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
'ck = 0.5*ck^(2/3)
ck=
200 kgf/cm2
Axis force (=0)
Area of Concrete = b*B2
Effective Width
Thickness of parapet
3.491 tf.m
kgf.cm
20417 cm3
17.10 kgf/cm2
0
3500 cm2
100 cm
35 cm
2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design Bending Moment Mf
Check Mf & Mc
3.348 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment
1.7*Mf =
5.692 tf.m
Mc=
3.491 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?
25/32
Yes, check ultimate bending moment

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Check Mu & Mc
Mu=

Area of Tensile Bar
Effective height = B2-cover
cover d1=
7 cm
B2 =
35 cm
Effective Width
As=Mf/( sa*j*d)
sa=
Allowable Stress Rbar
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
or k = n/{n+ sa/ ca)
ca
Mu =
Mc =
4.558 tf.m
3.491 tf.m
455836 kgf.cm
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
28 cm
200
100
5.523
2500
0.866
4.558 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
kgf/cm2
cm
cm2
kgf/cm2
24
70 kgf/cm2
Mu>Mc?
ok
4) Bar Arrangement
(a) Front Face, with Impact Plate
Max Bar Area As max =
0.02*b*d =
56.0 cm2
Min Bar Area As min =
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required Bar Area
As req=
6.066 cm2
Apply =
16
@
125 mm
Bar Area
As =
16.085 cm2
ok
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
7 cm
28 cm
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
10 cm
25 cm
(b) Rear Face, without Impact Plate

0.02*b*d =
50.0 cm2
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required Bar Area
As req=
cm2
Apply =
12
@
250 mm
Bar Area
As =
cm2
spacing of body, tensile
25
180
180
(c) Rear Face, with Impact Plate

0.02*b*d =
50.0 cm2
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required Bar Area
As req=
1.650 cm2
Apply =
16
@
250 mm
Bar Area
As =
8.042 cm2
ok
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
10 cm
25 cm
spacing of body, tensile
25

(a) Front Face, with Impact Plate
Mf (front)
S
s =
Mf/(As*j*d)
c =
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
3.348
0.000
942.86
17.07
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
7 cm
28 cm
1.495 tf.m
1.917 tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
check m < a ?
10 cm
25 cm
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
check m < a ?
10 cm
25 cm
ok
ok
0.0230
0.6347
0.7884
(b) Rear Face, without Impact Plate

Mf (rear)
So
s =
Mf/(As*j*d)
c =
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
m =
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
(c) Rear Face, with Impact Plate
Mf (rear)
So
s =
Mf/(As*j*d)
c =
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
m =
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
0.920
1.073
513.06
10.21
0.48
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
0.0032
0.3233
0.8922
26/32
4. Summary of Design Calculation

Description
Provision on Impact Plate
Abbr.
Height of Parapet
concrete cover (tensile)
concrete cover (compressive)
Effective width of Parapet
Allowable Stress
c
b
B2
d1
d2
d
Concrete ca
sa
Re-Bar
Shearing a
sy
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
Tensile Bar
Required
Designed
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Cracking Moment
1.7*Mf
1.7*Mf < Mc ? If no, check Mu
Mu > Mc ?
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Effective height
Compressive Stress
unit
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Front Face
Yes
Normal
200
100
35
7
0
28
70
2500
7
3000
Back Face
No
Normal
200
100
35
10
0
25
70
2500
7
3000
Yes
Seismic
200
100
35
10
0
25
105
3750
10.5
3000
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
6.07
16.08
D16@125
Mf
Nd
S
tf.m
tf
tf
3.348
0.000
0.000
1.495
0.000
1.917
0.920
0.000
1.073
Mc
tf.m
3.491
2.541
3.491
1.565
ok
Mu
tf.m
As max
As min
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
3.491
5.692
check Mu
4.558
ok
56.0
4.5
6.066
16.085
50.0
4.5
50.0
4.5
1.650
8.042
n
d
c
s
m
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
24
28
17.07
942.86
0
24
25
16
25
10.21
513.06
0.48
27/32
Remarks
(K200)
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
1.65
8.04
D16@250
BAB III. PERHITUNGAN
0
0.70
0.35
D16@200
D25@180
+
80.30
79.00
D16@200
D16@200
1.30
0.40
D16@200
0.30
D16@200
0.40
D16@200
10.00
D25@180
11.30
D25@180
12.20
D16@200
D16@200
9.30
5.00
D25@180
D25@90
D25@150
D19@100
D19@100
D25@150
+
69.00
68.10
0.40
1.80
0.50
D25@300
D19@150
5.00
1.20
1.00
2.80
D25@300
IMPACT PLATE AND CORBEL
Design Parameters
Active load
Impact plate
Effective width of road
Unit weight of plate
Unit weight of soil
Thickness of pavement
T-Load
3.00
0.30
3.00
2.40
1.30
0.05
0.05
Length L=
Thickness h1=
B=
c =
s =
Ds=
Dp=
m
m
m
tf/m3
tf/m3
m
m
Span length
Width of corbel
Height of corbel
Ls = 0.7*L=
Lp=
h2=
Cover of R-bar
Impact plate
Corbel
d1=
d3=
2.10 m
0.30 m
0.30 m
5 cm
7 cm
Computation of Intersectional Force, Corbel

1) Dead Load
Impact plate
Soil above plate
Total dead load Wd=
0.72 tf/m2
0.07 tf/m2
0.79 tf/m2
2) Intersectional Force due Dead Load

Md= (1/8)*Wd*Ls^2
0.432731 tf.m
3) Intersectional Force due Live Load

L=2*T*(1+ i)/{2.75*(a+2*d)}
ML={(1/4)*L*Ls*(a+2*d)-(1/8)*L*(a+2*d)^2}*
where,
ML
T:
a
i:
Dp:
:
bending moment due live load

wheel load of T-load
contact width of T-load
impact coefficient
i=20/(50+L)=
0.377
thickness of pavement
coefficient
L =
ML=
17.53002 tf/m2
3.663774 tf.m
7.00 tf
0.30 m
0.05 m
1.10
4) Total Intersectional Force

M=Md+ML
4.096505 tf.m
3 Corbel
1) Intersectional Force due Impact Plate
M1=R*bu
where,
M1=
R
bu
total reaction form corbel

width of corbel =Lp
2) Intersectional Force due Corbel

M2=(1/6)*(21+2)*c*bu^2
where,
2.115 tf.m
1
2
c =
bu
0.15
0.60
2.40
0.30
3) Total Intersectional Force

M=M1+M2
7.048 tf.m/m
0.300 m
M2=
0.032 tf.m
m
m
tf/m3
m
2.147 tf.m
3 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar for Impact Plate

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*('ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
'ck
N
Ac
h1
cracking moment
section modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6
b=
100 cm
tensile strength of concrete (bending)
'ck = 0.5*ck^(2/3)
ck=
200 kgf/cm2
axial force
area of concrete = b*h1
thickness of section, impact plate
Mc=
256496 kgf.cm
2.565 tf.m
kgf.cm
15000 cm3
17.100 kgf/cm2
0.000 tf
3000 cm2
30 cm
29/32
263881217.xls, Imp-Plate

Design bending moment Mf
4.097 tf.m
Check Mf & Mc

1.7*Mf =
6.964 tf.m
Mc=
2.565 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Check Mu & Mc
Mu=
552464 kgf.cm
ultimate bending moment

area of tensile bar
yielding point of tensile bar
effective height = h1-cover
cover d1=
5 cm
h1=
30 cm
design compressive strength of concrete
effective width
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
25 cm
As=Mf/( sa*j*d)
sa=
allowable stress of reinforcement bar
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
ca
allowable stress of concrete
7.568 cm2
2500 kgf/cm2
0.866
Mu =
Mc =
5.525 tf.m
2.565 tf.m
5.525 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
200 kgf/cm2
100 cm
24
70 kgf/cm2
Mu>Mc?
ok
4) Bar Arrangement
Checking of single or double bar arrangement
M1= (d/Cs)^2*sa*b >Mf?
where, M1
Cs
s
m
sa
ca
n
M1=
resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*ca)/(n*ca+sa)
sa/ca
Check M1 > Mf?
M1=
Mf=
761401 kgf.cm
7.614 tf.m
14.325
0.402
35.714
2500 kgf/cm2
70 kgf/cm2
24
7.614 tf.m
4.097 tf.m
M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
(a) Tensile Bar

Max bar area As max =
0.02*b*d =
50.0 cm2
Min bar area As min =
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required bar area
As req=
7.568 cm2
Apply =
19
@
150 mm
Bar area
As =
18.902 cm2
ok
d
d1

M' = Mf - M1=sa*As'*(d - d2)
As' = M'/[sa*(d - d2)]
d=
d2=
sa=
25 cm
0 cm
2500 kgf/cm2
Required bar area

Apply =
16
Bar area
As' req=
@
As' =
As'=
0.000 cm2
h
d
M1=
7.614 tf.m
Mf= 4.096505 tf.m
0.000 cm2
300 mm
6.702 cm2
d2
d1
ok
30/32

Mf
S
s =
c =
4.096505
0
1018.96
34.42
Mf/(As*j*d)
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
0.0076
0.4477
0.8508
b=
d=
n=
100 cm
25 cm
24
ok
ok
x=kd
h

Mf
S
c =
s =
s' =
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*c*(1-k)/k
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k
As
4.096505
0.000
27.37
965.79
656.96
d1
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check c < ca ?
check s < sa ?
check s' < sa ?
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/(bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
b=
100 cm
d=
25 cm
d2=
0 cm
n=
24
ok
ok
ok
b
0.0076
0.0027
0.4048
0.2394
d2
As'
x=kd
As
d1
4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar for Corbel

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*('ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
'ck
N
Ac
h2
Mc=
cracking moment
section modulus
Zc=b*h2^2/6
b=
100 cm
tensile strength of concrete (bending)
'ck = 0.5*ck^(2/3)
ck=
200 kgf/cm2
axial force
area of concrete = b*h1
thickness of section, impact plate
256496 kgf.cm
2.565 tf.m
kgf.cm
15000 cm3
17.100 kgf/cm2
0 tf
3000 cm2
30 cm

Design bending moment Mf
Check Mf & Mc
2.147 tf.m
1.7*Mf =
3.650 tf.m
Mc=
2.565 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Check Mu & Mc
Mu=
292575 kgf.cm
ultimate bending moment

area of tensile bar
yielding point of tensile bar
effective height = h1-cover
cover d1=
7 cm
h2=
30 cm
design compressive strength of concrete
effective width
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
23 cm
As=Mf/( sa*j*d)
sa=
allowable stress of reinforcement bar
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
n= Young's modulus ratio = 12
ca
allowable stress of concrete
4.312 cm2
2500 kgf/cm2
0.866
Mu =
Mc =
2.926 tf.m
2.565 tf.m
2.926 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
200 kgf/cm2
100 cm
Mu>Mc?
31/32
24
70 kgf/cm2
ok
4) Bar Arrangement
Checking of single or double bar arrangement
M1= (d/Cs)^2*sa*b >Mf?
where, M1
Cs
s
m
sa
ca
n
M1=
resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*ca)/(n*ca+sa)
sa/ca
Check M1 > Mf?
M1=
Mf=
644450 kgf.cm
6.444 tf.m
14.325
0.402
35.714
2500 kgf/cm2
70 kgf/cm2
24
6.444 tf.m
2.147 tf.m
M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
(a) Tensile Bar

Max bar area As max =
0.02*b*d =
46.0 cm2
Min bar area As min =
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required bar area
As req=
4.312 cm2
Apply =
19
@
300 mm
Bar area
As =
9.451 cm2
ok
Mf
So
s =
Mf/(As*j*d)
c =
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
2.147
0.000
1120.83
25.85
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
d1
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
ok
ok
0.0041
0.3563
0.8812
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION

Description
Abbr.
Height of Section
concrete cover (tensile)
concrete cover (compressive)
Allowable Stress
c
b
h
d1
d2
d
Concrete ca
sa
Re-Bar
Shearing a
sy
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
Compressive Bar
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Impact Plate
200
100
30
5
25
70
2500
7
3000
Corbel
200
100
30
7
23
70
2500
7
3000
Required
Designed
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
7.57
18.90 D19@150
Required
Designed
As' req.
As'
cm2
cm2
0.00
6.70 D16@300
Mf
Nd
S
tf.m
tf
tf
4.097
-
2.147
-
Mc
tf.m
Mu
tf.m
As max
As min
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
2.565
6.964
check Mu
5.525
ok
50.00
4.50
7.57
18.90
2.926
3.650
check Mu
2.926
ok
46.00
4.50
4.31
9.45
n
d
c
s
s'
m
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
24
25
34.42 ok
1,018.96 ok
-
24
23
25.85 ok
1,120.83 ok
-
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Cracking Moment
1.7*Mf
1.7*Mf<Mc? If "no" check Mu
Mu>1.7*Mf?
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Effective height
Compressive Stress
unit
32/32
Remarks
(K200)
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
4.31
9.45 D19@300

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BAB III.

Design Load for Parapet

(He=2 kh Rd, for fixed bearing)

With Impact Plate?

Thickness of Impact Plate =

(Input Fixed or Movable)

surcharge load (t/m2)

Concrete Design Strength

t/m2 for soil foundation)

2.2 Structural Analysis

With Impact Plate

Without Impact Plate

With Impact Plate

(4) Impact Plate and Corbel

Super structure Type

Thickness of impact plate Ft=

Total Surcharge Load (t)

LOAD AND MOMENT

surcharge load (t/m2)

ground surface angle (radian)

internal friction angle (radian)

friction angle between earth and earth (radian) normal

friction angle between earth and wall (radian) seismic

Vertical acting point

Combined Acting Point

BT/6 is larger than e?

Fs is larger than 2.0 ?

Allowale bearing capacity Qa

Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max

Qmax is smaller than Qa? Check

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Combined Acting Point

BT/3 is larger than e?

Fs is larger than 1.25 ?

Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Bearing Capacity of soil

(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

Load and Bending Moment of Abutment Body

Plat Form of Impact Plate (Lp) =

Load and Bending Moment due to Super Structure

Load and Bending Moment due to Earth and Water Pressure

Surcharge Load (seismic)

Acting Point (m)

Summary of Intersectional Force

Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Rectangular Beam,

Mc= Zc*('ck + N/Ac)

Mc= 35450383 kgf.cm/m

Allowable Stress R-bar

Mu= As*sy { d - 0.5*[As*sy]/[0.85*ck*b]}

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

2) Required Bar Area

Ultimate Bending Moment

4) Checking : Single or Double Bar Arrangement

M1= Resistance moment

Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only

(a) Tensile Bar

Required Bar Nos :

Resistance Moment by Tensile bar As2

As'_req= M' / [sa*(d - d2)]

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

Mu= Assy { d - 0.5[Assy]/[0.85ck*b]}

Eq1= c3 + [3sa/(2n)-3Ms/(bd2)]c2 - 6Ms/(nbd2)sac - 3Ms/(n2bd2)sa2 = 0

Eq2 = X2 + (-Ts-N)X-*d2 = 0