B.E.

CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT PROPOSAL

PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED COARSE AGGREGATES

IN CONCRETE

Submitted By
SHIVA KRISHNA CHENNA
(160110732052)
Project Guide
Dr. K. JAGANNADHA RAO SIR
Professor, Structural Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CHAITANYA BHARATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

HYDERABAD.

Table of Contents

S.N

CONTENT

PAGE NO.

1.

Title Page

2.

Table of Contents

3.

Objective of Project

4.

Literature Review

5.

References

21

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main object of the Project is to study the behaviour of

concrete

when

RECYCLED

COARSE AGGREGATES

are

replaced by CONVENTIONAL AGGREGATES.

LITERATURE REVIEW
INTODUCTION
WHY RECYCLED AGGREGATES
1. Sustainable practices are desirable
2. Reuse and conserve natural resources
3. Cost savings over traditional methods
Use of RA in concrete and asphalt showed comparable
performance over virgin aggregates
CHALLENGES FOR USE OF RCA
1. Resistance to change
2. Lack of experience
3. Inadequate codes, specifications and standards
4. Inconsistent aggregate grading
5. Lower and variable quality

Collection Of Aggregates From Construction Waste

 AGGREGATE PROPERTIES
Residual adhered mortar on aggregate is a main factor affecting
the properties of density, porosity and water absorption of RCA.
The density of Recycled Coarse Aggregates is generally lower
than Natural Aggregate due to the adhered mortar that is less
than the underlying rock. The relative density of RCA is 7-9%
lower than NA.

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

Most researches recommended that without changes to the mix

involving adjustments to the w/c ratio, up to 25% or 30% of coarse
aggregate can be replaced with RCA before the ceiling strength is
comprised.

 TENSILE STRENGTH

Splitting

tensile

strength

is

less

effected

by

RCA than

Compressive strength. Splitting tensile strength of RCA is

comparable to NA also. In some cases RCA performs more
superior to NA in case of tensile strength and the improvement is
due to increased absorption of mortar attach to RCA and also
the ITZ zone (which is a zone of concrete weak in compression),
which creates a good bond between aggregates and adhered
mortar.
MODULUS OF RUPTURE AND ELASTICITY

Modulus of rupture, a measure of flexural strength and modulus of

elasticity (youngs modulus), a measure of concrete stiffness are
often predicted from compressive strength but these relationships
do not represents RCA concrete and NA concrete. RCA performs
better in modulus of rupture than NA at high water cement ratio.
For RCA replacement of 15%-50%, there is only 13% reduction in
Modulus of rupture.

 MODULUS OF ELASTICITY

The main factor effecting the modulus of elasticity of RCA

concrete if modulus of elasticity of aggregates itself. Improvement
of tensile strength with the addition of RCA would usually be
associated with an improved elasticity, however the RCA are
more prone to deform than NA, the weakness of the aggregates
reduces the modulus of elasticity of RCA.

DEFLECTIONS

Based on service loads RCA reinforced concrete beam performs

less well than conventional concrete beams. However the change
in aggregate does not have enough influence on deflection to
discourage RCA use in concrete beams and it is found that under
a load of 40% of failure load mid span deflections are greater for
RCA beams than for NA beams.

 SHAPE AND GRADATION

The shape of the aggregate piece is influence on the workability

of the concrete, that the method of producing RCA and the type of
crusher that is used in this process is influenced on the shape of
RCA produced. NA is generally an angular shape with smooth
sides and initially described the plant produced RCA as grainy in
texture and later discussed that the RCA has more rounded,
spherical shape which seemed to improve the workability. The
residual mortar on RCA can smooth out the hard edges of the
original aggregate. This allows the new mortal to flow later round
the aggregates. The effect of the aggregates shape on workability
and strength parameters of concrete.

 CONCLUSIONS

RCA can be lower quantity aggregate and have a negative

influence on concrete material properties, the large scale testing
showed that, when looking at a complete structural member, RCA
can still be used to create a structural concrete. Since the
performance of RCA concrete beams are still within standard
specifications, it is likely a variable option for structural use. Since
the qualities if RCA are highly varied among different sources.

 REFERENCES
1. www.cement.org/tech/cct_aggregates_recycled.asp
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_recycling
4. http://www.ccanz.org.nz/images