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M Abdul Rehman
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Electrolytic Capacitor
It is a type of capacitor that uses an electrolyte as one of
its plates to achieve a larger capacitance per unit volume
than other types.
All capacitors conduct AC and block DC and can be
used, amongst other applications, to couple circuit blocks
allowing AC signals to be transferred while blocking DC
power, to store energy, and to filter signals according to
their frequency.
Electrolytic capacitors are polarized; hence, they can only
be operated with DC.
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Fixed Capacitors
Many types of fixed capacitors are available today. Some
of the most common are the mica, ceramic, electrolytic,
tantalum, and polyester-film capacitors.
The typical flat mica capacitor consists basically of mica
sheets separated by sheets of metal foil.
Data such as capacitance and working voltage are
printed on the outer wrapping if the polyester capacitor
is large enough.
Color coding is used on smaller devices
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Variable Capacitors
Usually the dielectric for variable capacitors is air.
Capacitance is changed by turning the shaft at one end to
vary the common area of the movable and fixed plates.
The greater the common area, the larger the capacitance
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Charging Current ic
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Charging Voltage Vc
The factor
is a decaying function, the factor
will grow toward a maximum value of 1 with time.
As E is the multiplying factor, the voltage Vc is E volts
after five time constants of the charging phase.
If we keep R constant and reduce C, the product RC will
decrease, and the rise time of five time constants will
decrease and vice versa.
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a)
b)
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Solutions
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Discharging Current
The current iC has reversed direction, changing the polarity of
the voltage across R.
During the discharge phase the current will also decrease with
time.
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Discharging Voltage Vc
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Find the voltage across and charge on each capacitor for the network.
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