Professional Documents
Culture Documents
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
MENTAL HEALTH
Is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by:
-
Reality orientation
Stress Management
Self-esteem
MRS MATS
STRESS
STRESSOR
It is recurring.
It is normal.
It cannot be avoided.
It is caused by a stressor.
is any condition, event, or agent that increases the activity of the Sympathetic NS;
2. Stage II RESISTANCE
Hormone readjustment;
GRIEF
is SELF-LIMITING;
e. Acceptance
DENIAL
ANGER
DEPRESSION
BARGAINING
ACCEPTANCE
CONCEPT OF DEATH:
-
TODDLER
Or a form of PUNISHMENT;
PRESCHOOL
SCHOOL AGE
ADOLESCENT
ADULT
Mental disorders are biologically based brain disorders that variably affect aspects of
cognition, emotion and behaviour leading to disruption in social, occupational,
academical and psychological functioning.
Schizophrenia
Mood Disorder
Anxiety Disorders
Schizophrenia
Definition
A psychotic disorder in which there is
disturbance in thinking, speech, perception and behaviour, resulting in loss of contact with
reality.
This is manifested in poor groomimg, social withdrawal and abnormal affect (flat,
blunted or inappropriate)
Predisposing factors
Biological factors - Abnormal changes in the chemical make up of the brain mainly an
increase in dopamine.
Social factors - such as life events (marriage, childbirth, death; economic and cultural
factors).
Subtypes
1. Paranoid type suspiciousness, persecutory ideas
2. Disorganized type disorganized speech, dress, bizarre behavior, flat affect
3. Catatonic type - Psycho - motor retardation (waxy flexibility or stupor), maintenance of a
rigid posture against attempts to be moved
4.
Hallucinations a false sensory perception (affects the 5 senses eg auditory & visual)
Illusions misperception of real external stimuli (eg. Thinking a suit on a chair is a man)
Delusions a false fixed belief not in keeping with reality eg the unrealistic idea of being
followed by the FBI.
Negative symptoms, eg. flat or dull affect, limited speech, social withdrawal, lack of self
care, poor rapport with others.
Mood disorder
Two main types:
Depressive disorder
Bipolar Disorder
Loss of energy
Guilt
Suicidal ideations
Recognising Mania
Feeling elated
Rapid speech
Racing thoughts
Extravagant spending
Religiosity
Anxiety Disorder
Excessive and continuous worrying over everyday matters so much that it disrupts
normal day to day functioning.
Recognising Anxiety
Feeling nervous
Unable to sleep.
Feeling irritable
Poor concentration
Muscle tension.
Feeling stifled
Fast heartbeat
Indigestion
Headaches
Twitching
Prognosis
Heredity
Gender
Premorbid personality
Good insight