Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Fernandez
Faculty of Science, Technology, and Mathematics
Philippine Normal University
bioLETreview@yahoogroups.com
Competencies:
Describe the characteristics of bacteria,
protists and viruses
Classify bacteria, protists and viruses
Cite the beneficial/harmful effects of
microorganisms to humans, other organisms
and the environment
1857 fermentation
1861 abolishment of spontaneous generation
1864 pasteurization
Carbolic acid
Antisepsis
Discovery of endospores
Grams staining
Differentiates bacteria based on cell wall composition
Discovery of bacteriophages
1915 Frederick Twort
Penicillium notatum
Potent antibacteria
Whip-like
Composed of flagellin (protein)
Rotary
Locomotion
Monotrichous
Lophotrichous
Amphitrichous
Peritrichous
Endoflagella
Found in spirochete
Extracellular protrusion
Fimbria
Mulitple number
Short
anchorage
Pilus
1-2 per cell
Longer
Attachment to other cells
Asexual
reproduction in
prokaryotes and
some protists
Involves replication
of genome and
division of cells
4 Phases
1. Lag Phase
2. Log Phase
3. Stationary Phase
4. Death Phase
Psychrophiles cold
Mesophiles moderate-temperature
Thermophiles - heat
Organism
Optimum
Temperature
(oC)
Psychrophiles
20-30
Mesophiles
25-40
Thermophiles
50-60
Sulfur
Sources
Sulfate
Hydrogen sulfide
Sulfur-containing
amino acids
phosphorus
essential component
of nucleotides (DNA,
RNA, NTPs)
Source
phosphate
.
Superoxide free radicals (O )
2
Group
Thermophile
Methanogen
Representative
species
Thermus aquaticus
Heat loving
Thermococcus
literalis
Release methane as Methanobrevibacter
by product
smithii
Characteristic
Halophile
Salt loving
Acidophiles
Acid loving
Halobacterium
salinarium
Ferroplasma
acidarmanus
Sulfulobus
solfataricus
Coccus
Bacillus
Spiral
Disease-causing
Exotoxin secreted substances
Endotoxin - released only after lysis
Environment
Biotechnology
Agriculture
Microbial
activity
medicine
food
Groups:
Plant-like
Animal-like
Fungus-like
Phylum
Modes of
locomotion
Representative
species
Sarcodina
Pseudopodia
Entamoeba
histolytica
Cilia
Paramecium
caudatum
Ciliata
Mastigophora
Flagella
Sporozoa
None
Economic
importance
Causes
amoebiasis
Causes malaria
Rhodophyta
Red algae
Representative
species
Porphyra
Chlorophyta
Phaeophyta
Green algae
Brown algae
Caulerpa
Sargassum
Chrysophyta
yellow-green
algae
Diatoms
Source of food
Habitat for
marine animals
Produces the
diatomaceous
earth used
abrasives and
filtering aids
Dinoflagellates
transverse and
polar flagellum
Gonyaulax
Phylum
Description
Economic
importance
Source of nori
Phylum
Characteristics
Water
Molds
Slime
Molds
Found in damp
environments
lack chitin in
their cell walls
Representative
species
Phytophthora
infestans
Physarum
polycephalum
Economic
importance
Causes potato
blight
Decomposition
acellular
simple, composed of protein coat
(capsid) and nucleic acid
uses cellular machinery to perform
some life processes
DNA Virus
Herpes simplex
Chicken pox virus
RNA Virus
Dengue virus
Mumps virus
Human
Immunodeficiency
virus
Disease caused
Herpes
Chicken pox
Disease caused
Dengue fever
Mumps
Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS)
Capsid
Pseudopodium
Genetic material
Nuclear membrane
Spirillum
Coccus
Bacillus
Ciliata
Nitrogen fixation
Bioremediation
Probiotics
Culturing
Amoeba-Cilia
Bacillus-Rod shape
Rhodophyta-Green color
Archaean-Peptidoglycan
Dumpsite
Volcano
Lakes
Sea
Eubacteria
Archaea
Protista
Virus
Thermophiles
Methanogens
Acidophiles
Halophiles
Methanogen
Acidophile
Halophile
HIV
Acid production
Bioremediation
Probiotics
Fixation
Anabaena
Rhizobium
Clostridium
Lactobacillus
Methanobacterium
Phytophthora
Paramecium
Euglena
Archaebacteria
Bacteria
Protist
Virus
____-like protist.
A.
B.
C.
D.
plant
fungi
animal
bacteria
Mastigophora
Sarcodina
Sporozoa
Ciliata
Thermophile
Methanogen
Acidophile
Halophile
Cold virus
Amoeba
Bacillus
Diatom
Pseudopodia
Flagella
Cilia
Pili
Capsid
Sheath
Rod
Tail
Virus-HIV
Sarcodina-Amoeba
Thermophile-Thermus
Eubacteria-Physarum
Sleeping sickness
Leptospirosis
Colds
AIDS
Sexual intercourse
Organ replacement
Transferring of blood
Drinking from same glass
Probiotics
Bioremediation
Decomposition
Nitrogen fixation
Toxins
Paralysis
Probiotics
Competition
2
4
8
16
Mycobacterium
Leptospira
Physarum
Amoeba
Staphylococcus
Streptobacilli
Diplobacilli
Spirillum
Rhodophyta
Chlorophyta
Chrysophyta
Dinoflagellate