L Quc Bo

B GIO DC V O TO
------------------ CHNH THC
( c 6 trang)

Bi Gii Chi Tit Mn Anh A1-2014

THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2014
Mn: TING ANH; Khi A1
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht, khng k thi gian pht
M thi: 285

H, tn th sinh:..........................................................................
S bo danh:...............................................................................
THI GM 80 CU (T QUESTION 1 N QUESTION 80)
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each
of the following questions.
Question 1: The theory of relativity________ by Einstein, who was a famous physicist.
A. was developed (dng b ng ca th qu kh)
B. is developed
C. develops
D. developed
Question 2: ________ a few more minutes, we could have finished the task.
A. Unless we had.
B. If we had had. (cu iu kin loi 3)
C. If we have
D. If we had
Question 3: Communities in remote areas are extremely________ to famine if crops fail.
A. defenseless
B. helpless
C. disappointed
D. vulnerable (be vulnerable to + famine (N): rt d b nn i hnh h)
Question 4: The girl was used ________ birthday presents from her brothers.
A. to receive
B. to receiving (be (get) used to ~ be (get) accustomed to + V-ing (Noun): quen vi)
C. to being received
D. to be receiving
Question 5: I could hear voices but I couldnt ________what they were saying.
A. turn up ~ increase the sound/heat: tng m thanh hay nng
B. bring about ~ cause: to make sth happen: gy ra, to nn.
C. make out ~ understand (make out what, who): hiu, nhn ra..
D. try out ~ test: th
=> Cu ny nu cc em khng hiu ngha make out th dng phng php loi tr (3 ci
phrasal verbs kia qu ph bin, khng hp ngha vi cu ny, do vy ta chn D)
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Question 6: ________ was the tea that we couldnt drink it.

A. No longer
B. So strong (o ng ca sothat. Cu gc: The tea was so strong that we couldnt
drink it. Nu cc em khng bit, hy nhn v sau, thy that + clause, chn ngay B m
khng cn suy ngh.)
C. Hardly ever
D. How strong
Question 7: Do you remember________ to help us when we were in difficulty?
A. once offering (Nh mt vic g trong qu kh: remember + V-ing)
B. to offer
C. being offered
D. you offer
Question 8: We could have caught the last train, but we________ five minutes late.
A. were (cu ny kh). Xem 3 v d sau:
1. Tap Can Binh could be the one who stole Viet Nams waters. (ch kh nng xy ra
hin ti)
2. Tap Can Binh could have been the one who stole Viet Nams waters. (ch kh nng xy
ra qu kh) => chn were l chnh xc.
3. Tap Can Binh could go to jail for stealing Viet Nams waters. (ch kh nng xy ra
tng lai)
B. have been
C. would be
D. are
Question 9: ________ always gives me real pleasure.
A. I arrange flowers
B. The flowers are arranged
C. While arranging flowers
D. Arranging flowers (cu ny cn 1 danh t lm ch t, Gerund y ph hp)
Question 10:
In our team, no person________ John could finish this
tough task in such a short time.
A. other than ~ except: ngoi tr
B. including
C. outside
D. rather than ~ instead of: thay v
Question 11: Tom hasnt completed the work yet and Maria hasnt_______.
A. also
B. either (dng ny nm no cng gp trong thi H, cc em vo web xem thm cch
dng either v neither)
C. neither
D. too
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Question 12: Kay: I wouldnt do that if I were you. Ti s khng lm vic nu ti l

bn.
John: _______
A. Wouldnt you? Why? (Th ? Ti sao? => p li cu ph nh)
B. Would you, really? (Th ? => p li cu khng nh)
C. Id rather you didnt. ~ would prefer to (Ti mun bn ng lm hn)
D. Its out of the question ~ not allowed ~ not permitted. (khng c php)
Question 13: In my apartment there are two rooms, _______ is used as the living-room.
A. the large one
B. the largest one
C. the largest of which
D. the larger of which (so snh gia 2 vt ta dng so snh hn hoc so snh bng)
Question 14: We received a call from the teacher_______ charge of our course.
A. to
B. in (be in charge of ~ be responsible for ~ answer for ~ look after ~ take charge of:
chu trch nhim, m nhim)
C. at
D. on
Question 15: The superstar, accompanied by the other members of the band, _______ to
visit our school next week.
A. has had
B. are
C. is going (ch t ca cu l The superstar, trng t next week ch tng lai gn: be
going to + V)
D. are going
Question 16: We hoped_______ they would come and give us new lectures.
A. when
B. that (cu ny qu ph
bin trong vn ni cng nh vitWe hoped
that: hi vng rng)
C. which
D. what
Question 17: Mrs. Chau has managed the department_______ that shell be promoted
next month.
A. too successful
B. so successfully (cu trc sothat: qun ni m. Cu ny nu chn thm mt p
n so successful thay cho too successful th hay tuyt c mo)
C. very successful
D. too successfully
Question 18: _______he got top marks at high school, he never went to university.
A. Despite + Noun
B. Although + clause (mc d) => cu ny cn phi hiu ngha.
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C. Meanwhile ~ at the same time

D. Nevertheless ~ however ~ nonetheless ~ notwithstanding ~ yet ~ still
Question 19: Sammy had worked in England for a year_______ moving to Scotland.
A. until
B. once
C. while
D. before (cu ny cn phi hiu ngha)
Question 20: Lucy: You look really nice in that red sweater!
Sue : _______
A. Dont mention it.
B. How dare you?
C. Im afraid so.
D. Thank you. (Dng p li li khen vn phong M: ngi vit khi c khen th
e thn nhng ngi M th li khng ngi cht no, h cm n ngay nu c ai khen.)
Question 21: Applications_______ in after 30th April will not be considered.
A. sent (hnh thc rt gn mnh quan h, dng cu b ng)
B. that is sent
C. which sent
D. send
Question 22: Mary: The hats so beautiful. Thanks.
Tony: _______
A. Lucky you!
B. Great idea!
C. The same to you!
D. Im glad you like it. (dng p li khi ai hi lng vi mn qu mnh tng cho
h)
Question 23: Its about time you_______ your homework, Mary.
A. must do
B. did (Its about/high time (that) S + V2)
C. do
D. will do
Question 24: The higher the content of carbon dioxide in the air is,_____.
A. the more heat it retains (so snh kp: the short adj + er/more long adj(noun) the
short adj + er/more long adj(noun))
B. the heat it retains more
C. it retains the more heat
D. more heat it retains
Question 25: Be sure not to rely too______ on your mother tongue when you are learning
a foreign language.
A. numerously
B. heavily (rely too heavily on/upon sth: da vo, trng cy vo)
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C. severely
D. abundantly
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 26 to 35.
A radio telescope (Question 34) is a radio receiver that sees radio waves. Unlike a
normal telescope, which sees light, a radio telescope is used primarily in the area of
astronomy because it can detect radio waves that are emitted by celestial objects (Question
26). Such objects in space, also called radio objects, can be things such as hot gas,
electrons, and wavelengths given off by different atoms and molecules.
The first radio telescope was invented by Grote Reber in 1937 (Question 27A). He was
an American who graduated with a degree in engineering (Question 27B). He went on to
work as an amateur radio operator (Question 27D) and later decided to try to build his own
radio telescope in his backyard. Rebers first two radio receivers failed to pick up any
signals from outer space, but in 1938, his third radio telescope successfully picked up
radio waves from space. (Question 28)
A radio telescope consists of a large parabolic-shaped dish antenna or a combination of
two or more. The significance of the parabolic shape allows for the incoming radio waves
to be concentrated on one focal point, allowing the signals to be picked up as strongly as
possible. A larger dish means that more signals can be received and focalized. (Question
30)
In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the largest radio telescope of the time was invented
with a seventy-six-meter telescope although larger telescopes have been made since then.
The largest current radio telescope in the world is the RATAN-600 in Russia, whose
diameter is 576 meters. It has provided valuable feedback of the suns radio wavelengths
and atmosphere. The largest radio telescope in Europe is a 100-meter diameter telescope in
Germany, and the largest radio telescope in the United States is the Big Ear in the state of
Ohio. The largest array of telescopes is the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope in India.
Radio telescopes have provided scientists with valuable information about our
universe. One of the most important functions of radio telescopes is their ability to allow
scientists to track different space probes, the unmanned space missions in outer space.
Radio telescopes allow for the travel of space probes into places like the surface of Mars
that are too dangerous for men to explore. Without radio wave technology, scientists
(Question 32) would not know much of what inhabits the universe nor would they be able
to see it. Radio waves are our eyes and ears in outer space. (Question 33)
(By Timothy Hall, Arthur H. Milch and Denise McCormach. How to Master skills for the
TOEFL iBT)
Question 26: According to the passage, a radio telescope enables the detection of_____.
A. shapes and sizes of celestial objects
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B. normal light of celestial objects

C. creatures that inhabit celestial objects
D. radio waves sent out by celestial objects
Question 27: According to paragraphs 2, all of the following are true about Grote Reber
EXCEPT that_____.
A. he was an inventor
B. he was an engineer
C. he was an astronomer
D. he was an amateur radio operator
Question 28: Grote Rebers idea to develop a radio telescope was not successful
until______.
A. he first built one in his backyard
B. he experimented on the third one
C. he picked up signals from outer space D. he graduated from an engineering school
Question 29: The verb pick up in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______.
A. select
B. send
C. receive
D. lift
Question 30: According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The Big Ear in the United States produces the largest array of telescope
B. A larger dish antenna helps a radio telescope produce better results.
C. The largest radio telescope of all time is the one with a seventy-six-meter
diameter.
D. The pattern of radio waves received by radio telescopes is significant.
Question 31: The word current in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______
A. moving
B. water movement
C. electricity flow
D. existing (current y ng vai tr l mt tnh t c ngha l hin ti, nu l mt
danh t n c ngha l dng in, do vy cc em phi c k v dch ngha
trnh nhm ln gia p n C v D)
Question 32: The word they in paragraph 5 refers to ______
A. scientists
B. radio waves
C. places
D. eyes and ears
Question 33: Radio waves are scientists eyes and ears in outer space because ________
A. they can help them understand more about the universe
B. they can recognize who dominates the universe
C. they allow them to travel to such dangerous places as Mars
D. they help to track only manned space missions in space
Question 34: The focus of discussion in the passage is ___________
A. radio telescope
B. atoms and molecules
C. radio waves
D. radio operations
Question 35: Originally, this passage was probably published in _________
A. a business journal
B. B. a scientific journal (Thc t th khng c thng tin no cho bit xut x ca on
vn ngoi tr How to Master skills for the TOEFL iBT (y khng phi l ngun
gc ca on vn m ch c trch li nh ti liu hc tp), tuy nhin on vn
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ang ni v vn khoa hc, do vy chng ta c th ngm hiu n xut x t tp

ch khoa hc.)
C. a fashion magazine
D. a book on environment
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is
CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given in each of the following questions.
Question 36: They arrived too late to get good seats (H n tr nn khng c c ch
ngi tt)
A. They had to stand for the whole show. (H phi ng trong sut bui biu din)
B. Although they were late, they found some good seats. (Mc du n tr nhng h
vn c c ch ngi tt)
C. They got good seats some time after they arrived. (Sau khi n tr, thnh thong h
vn c c ch ngi tt)
D. As they got there too late, there were no good seats left. (V h n tr nn khng
cn ch ngi no tt c)
Question 37: John said, Youd better not lend them any money, Daisy.
(John
ni,
Daisy, tt nht bn ng cho chng mn thm ng no na.)
A. John asked Daisy if she had lent them any money. (John hi Daisy xem c y c
cho chng mn tin khng.)
B. John commanded Daisy not to lend them any money. (John ra lnh cho Daisy khng
c cho chng mn tin.)
C. John advised Daisy not to lend them any money. (John khuyn Daisy khng nn cho
chng mn tin.)
D. John ordered Daisy not to lend them any money. (John ra lnh cho Daisy khng
c cho chng mn tin.)
Question 38: I had two job offers upon graduation, neither of which was appropriate for
my qualifications. (Ngay va mi tt nghip, ti nhn c 2 li mi lm vic, nhng
khng c cng vic no ph hp vi chuyn mn ca ti.)
A. Both of the job offers I had prior to my graduation were appropriate for my
qualifications (C 2 li mi lm vic m ti c trc khi tt nghip u ph hp vi
chuyn mn ca ti.)
B. I was offered two jobs soon after my graduation, both of which were suitable for my
qualifications. (Ti c nhn 2 li mi lm vic ngay sau khi tt nghip, c 2 u
ph hp vi chuyn mn ca ti.)
C. The two jobs offered to me after graduation didnt suit my qualifications. (C 2 li
mi lm vic sau khi tt nghip u khng ph hp vi chuyn mn ca ti.)
D. Though I wasnt qualified enough, two jobs were offered to me upon graduation.
(Mc d ti khng kh nng nhng vn c 2 li mi lm vic ngay sau khi ti tt
nghip.)
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Question 39: This village is inaccessible in winter due to heavy snow. (Ma ng khng
th vo ngi lng ny c do tuyt ri qu nhiu.)
A. Heavy snow makes it impossible to reach the village in winter. (Tuyt ri nhiu vo
ma ng khin cho khng ai c th vo ngi lng ny.)
B. We have no difficulty reaching this village in winter because of heavy snow.
(Chng ta gp kh khn khi vo ngi lng ny vo ma ng do tuyt ri nhiu.)
C. Nobody likes to come to this village in winter because of heavy snow. (Khng ai
thch n ngi lng ny vo ma ng do tuyt ri nhiu.)
D. We cannot gain permission to this village in winter because of heavy snow. (Chng
ta khng c php vo ngi lng ny vo ma ng do tuyt ri nhiu.)
Question 40: Get out of my car or Ill call the police! Jane shouted to the strange man.
(Ct khi xe ti ngay nu khng ti gi cnh st! Jane qut g l mt.)
A. Jane politely told the man she would call the police if he didnt leave her car. (Jane
lch s cho g l mt bit c ta s gi cnh st nu hn khng ri khi xe c ta.)
B. Jane plainly said that she would call the police. (Jane ni thng rng c ta s gi
cnh st.)
C. Jane threatened to call the police if the man didnt leave her car. (Jane e da s gi
cnh st nu g l mt khng ri khi xe c ta.)
D. Jane informed the strange man that she would call the police. (Jane thng bo vi g
l mt rng c ta s gi cnh st.)
Question 41: When there is so much traffic on the roads, it is sometimes quicker to walk
than to go by car. (Khi c nhiu xe c trn ng th i b i khi li nhanh hn i xe
hi.)
A. During rush hours, walking gives me much more pleasure than driving in the heavy
traffic. (Vo gi cao im, i b lm cho ti thy thoi mi hn l li xe.)
B. It is faster to walk than to drive in the heavy traffic at certain time of the day. (i b
i khi nhanh hn li xe vo gi cao im.)
C. The traffic is so heavy that youd better walk to work; its quicker. (Giao thng qu
ln xn n ni m bn nn i b i lm v n nhanh hn.)
D. There is so much traffic these days that it is more pleasant to walk than to drive.
(Nhng ngy ny giao thng qu ln xn n ni m chng ta cm thy thoi mi
khi i b hn l li xe.)
Question 42: It was only when I left home that I realized how much my family meant to
me. (Ch khi ti ri khi nh ti mi nhn ra gi tr ca gia nh i vi ti ln n
nhng no.)
A. As soon as I left home, I found out what a family could do without. (Khi ti ri khi
nh, ti mi pht hin ra nhng g mt gia nh c th lm.)
B. I left home and didnt realize how meaningful my family was. (Ti ri khi nh
v khng nhn ra gia nh ti ngha nh th no.)

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C. Not until I left home did I realize how much my family meant to me. (Dng o ng
ca Not until: Mi cho n khi ti ri khi nh, ti mi nhn ra gia nh c ngha
vi ti n nhng no.)
D. Before I left home, I realized how much my family meant to me. (Trc khi ti ri
khi nh, ti nhn ra gia nh c ngha vi ti n nhng no.)
Question 43: I forgot to lock the door before leaving. (Ti qun kha ca trc khi i.)
A. I didnt remember whether I locked the door before leaving. (Ti khng nh l ti
c kha ca trc khi i hay khng na.)
B. I remembered that I left the door locked before going out. (Ti nh rng Ti kha
ca trc khi ra khi nh.)
C. I locked the door before leaving, but I forgot about it. (Ti kha ca trc khi i,
nhng ti khng nh.)
D. I left without remembering to lock the door. (Ti i m qun kha ca.)
Question 44: Its difficult for me to understand what he implies. (Tht kh cho ti hiu
anh ta mun m ch ci g.)
A. I find it difficult to understand what he really means. (Ti thy kh hiu anh ta
tht s mun g.)
B. To understand what he really means is difficult to find. ( hiu nhng g anh ta
tht s mun th tht kh.)
C. Understanding what he implies is found difficult. (Hiu c nhng g anh ta m
ch tht l kh.)
D. What he implies is not very difficult to understand. (Nhng g anh ta m ch th
khng kh hiu.)
Question 45: There is no question of changing my mind about resigning. (Khng c g lay
chuyn nh t chc ca ti.)
A. Nobody knows about my decision on resigning. (Khng ai bit v nh t chc
ca ti.)
B. I certainly wont change my mind about resigning. (Chc chn ti s khng thay i
nh t chc.)
C. They asked me no question about resigning. (H khng hi g ti v vic t chc.)
D. I should have changed my mind about resigning. (Ti nn thay i nh t chc.)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined parted that
needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 46: Our astronauts chosen for fly spacecraft were selected from military test
pilots
y l cu lc gin trong mnh quan h, nhng vn chnh khng phi nm
m l ch fly. Fly c 3 chc nng (noun (s bay), verb (li), adj (cn thn)).
ng sau fly l spacecraft (tu v tr) => fly lm chc nng noun v adj khng ph
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hp v tr ny => n phi l ng t, nhng ng sau gii t th phi l gerund =>

fly -> flying.
Question 47: After our discussion, we decided to take a late flight and so that we could
spend
more time with the clients.
Vn y l ch and. Cc em ch 2 im chnh khi s dng and trong cu nh
sau:
- Case 1: B Tng has made a series of scandals, and today she quickly becomes
prominent in Vietnam showbiz. (and c dng ni 2 mnh c lp, trc
n phi c du phy.)
- Case 2: B Tng has made a series of scandals and today quickly become prominent
in Vietnam showbiz. (and c dng ni 1 mnh c lp v mt mnh
ph thuc (tc mnh th 2 khng c ch t), trc n khng c du phy.)
- Tr li bi trn ta thy trc and khng c du phy v n li ni 2 mnh
c lp, do vy n khng thuc 1 trong hai trng hp trn => ta b lun and.
Thy sau so that l mt mnh l hp l, dch ngha cng thy hp l.
Question 48: These exercises look easy, but they are very relatively difficult for us.
Very v relatively khng th ng gn nhau v n phn ngha, ch chn 1 trong 2 => b
relatively.
Question 49: As the old one, this new copier can perform its functions in half the time
Sau As l mt mnh m y li l compound noun => as -> unlike/compared to
(dng compared to chnh xc hn.)
Question 50: The assumption that smoking has bad effects on our health have been
proved.
Ch t ca have been proved l the assumption => have -> has.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 51 : Now many people who shop at a health food store instead of a local
supermarket are much more likely to find a healthy, sugar-free beverage
A. full of preservatives ( cht bo qun)
B. harmful to heath (c hi cho sc khe)
C. convenient to prepare (thun tin s dng)
D. beneficial to health (c li cho sc khe)
Question 52 : Even though the mountain was very steep and the climb was hazardous ,
several adventurous tourists managed to reach the top.
A. Causing a lot of risks (gy nhiu ri ro)
B. bringing excitement (mang li sng khoi)
C. Resulting in depression (dn n tht vng)
D. costing a lot of money (tn nhiu tin)
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Question 53 : Dozens of applicants showed up for the vacant position, but only a handful
of them were shortlisted for the interview.
A. Class
B. hand
C. small number (mt t) + countable nouns (the number of castles, a number of
sophomores)
D. small amount (mt t) + singular mass nouns (an amount of money/the amount of
love)
Question 54: Just like hearing infants who start first with simple syllable babbling, then
put more syllables together to sound like real sentences and questions, deaf babies follow
the same pattern.
A. able to hear (c th nghe)
B. physically abnormal (d thng)
C. obedient to patterns (tun theo hng dn)
D. hard of hearing (kh nghe)
Question 55: Thanks to the invention of the microscope, biologists can now gain insights
into the nature of the human cell.
A. far-sighted views (quan im nhn xa trng rng)
B. spectacular sightings (phong cnh ngon mc)
C. deep understanding (hiu su sc)
D. in-depth studies (nghin cu su)
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from
the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following question.
Question 56:

Question 57:

Question 58

Question 59

A. observant /bzrvnt /
B. decisive /dsasv/
C. popular /ppjlr/
D. impatient /mpent/
A. reliable /rlabl/
B. conventional /knvennl/
C. preservative /przrvtv/
D. intellectual /ntlektul/
A. customer /kstmr/
B. energy /enrdi/
C. computer /kmpjutr/
D. property /prprti/
A. struggle /strl/
B. survive /srvav/
C. enlarge /nlrd/
D. occur /kr/
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Question 60

Bi Gii Chi Tit Mn Anh A1-2014

A. technology /teknldi/
B. environment /nvarnmnt/
C. predominance /prdmnns/
D. superstition /suprstn/

Read the following passage and mark the latter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 61 to 70.
Why is it that many teenagers have the energy to play computer games until late at
night but cant find the energy to get out of bed (61) __________ for school? According to
a new report, todays generation of children are in danger of getting so (62)________
sleep that they are putting their mental and physical health at (63)_________. Adults can
easily survive on seven to eight hours sleep a night, (64)____________teenagers require
nine or ten hours. According to medical experts, one in five youngsters (65)___________
anything between two and five hours sleep a night less than their parents did at their age.
This (66) __________ serious questions about whether lack of sleep is affecting
childrens ability to concentrate at school. The connection between sleep deprivation and
lapses in memory, impaired reaction time and poor concentration is well (67) _________.
Research has shown that losing as little as half an hours sleep a night can have profound
effects (68) _________how children perform the next day. A good nights sleep is also
crucial for teenagers because it is while they are asleep (69)________ they release a
hormone that is essential for their growth spurt (the period during teenage years when the
body grows at a rapid rate). Its true that they can, to some (70) ________, catch up on
sleep at weekends, but that wont help them when they are dropping off to sleep in class
on a Friday afternoon.
By Tim Falla and Paul A.Davies, Solutions Advanced. OUP
Question 61
A. behind time
B. about time
C.in time (ng gi)
D. at time
Question 62
A. few
B. less
C. much
D. little (nm trong cu trc sothat ch c C v D hp l, dch ngha ta chn D)
Question 63
A. jeopardy (be in jeopardy: lm nguy)
B. threat (be under threat: b e da)
C. risk (at risk: gp nguy)
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D. danger (be in danger: gp nguy)

Question 64
A. or
B. because
C. whereas (ngc li, trong khi)
D. so
Question 65
A. puts
B. gets
C. brings
D. makes
Question 66
A. raises (raise a question: nu ln mt cu hi)
B. rises
C. results
D. comes
Question 67
A. organized
B. arranged
C. established (The connectionwell established)
D. acquired
Question 68
A. in
B. on (have effects onc nh hng ln)
C. to
D. at
Question 69
A. at which
B. which
C. where
D. that
Question 70
A. rate
B. extent (to some extent: trong mt chng mc no )
C. level
D. point
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 71 to 80.
The ability to conduct electricity is one of the key properties of a metal (Question 71).
Other solid material such as silicon can conduct electricity but only effectively at certain
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temperatures. Also, some substances such as salt (sodium chloride) can conduct when
molten or when dissolved in water. The ability of metals to conduct electricity is due to
how their atoms bond together (Question 72). In order to bond together the metal atoms
lose at least one of their outermost electrons. This leaves the metal atoms with a positive
charge and they are now strictly ions. The lost electrons are free to move in what are
known as a sea of electrons. Since the electrons are negatively charged they attract the ions
and this is what keeps the structure together. (Question 74)
An electric current is a flow of charge and since the electrons in the sea of electrons are
free to move they can be made to flow in one direction when a source of electrical energy
such as a battery is connected to the metal. Hence we have an electric current flowing
through the wire, and this is what makes metals such good conductors of electricity. The
only other common solid conducting material that pencil users are likely to encounter is
graphite (what the lead of a pencil is made from). Graphite is a form of carbon and again
the carbon atoms bond in such a way that there is a sea of electrons that can be made to
flow as an electric current. Likewise, if we have an ionic substance like salt we can make
the electrically charged ions flow to create a current but only when those ions are free to
move, either when the substance is a liquid or dissolved in water. In its solid state an ionic
substance like salt cannot conduct electricity as its charged ions cannot flow. (Question
75)
Electrical insulators are substances that cannot conduct electricity well either, because
they contain no charged particles or any charged particles they might contain do not flow
easily. Water itself is a poor conductor or electricity as it does not contain a significant
amount of fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but
overall the molecule is neutral) (Question 77). However, most water we encounter does
contain dissolved charged particles, so it will be more conductive than pure water
(Question 79). Many of the problems that occur when touching electrical devices with wet
hands result from the ever-present salt that is left on our skin through perspiration and it
dissolves in the water to make it more conductive. (Question 78)
By Helena Gillespie and Rob Gillespie. Science for Primary School Teacher. OUP
Question 71: Electrical conductivity is
.
A.one of the most important properties of metals
B.one of the key properties of most solid materials
C. impossible for any substance when it is dissolved in water
D. completely impossible for silicon
Question 72: According to the passage, a metal can conduct electricity due to
A. the absence of free electrons
B. its atoms with a positive charge
C. the way its atoms bond together
D. the loss of one electron in the core of its atoms
Question 73: The word outermost in paragraph 1 mostly means
.
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A. the lightest
B. nearest to the inside
C. furthest from the inside (pha ngoi cng)
D. the heaviest
Question 74: The atoms of a metal can bond together because
.
A. the lost electrons cannot move freely in the sea of electrons
B. electrons can flow in a single direction
C. they lose all of electrons
D. negatively charged electrons attract positive ions
Question 75: Salt in its solid state is not able to conduct electricity because
.
A.it has free electrons
B. its charged ions can flow easily
C.it cannot create any charge ions
D.it charged ions are not free to move
Question 76: The word they in paragraph 3 refers to
.
A. charged ions
B. electric currents
C. charged particles
D. electrical insulator
Question 77: Water is a poor conductor because it contains
.
A. no positive or negative electric charge
B. only a small amount of fully charged particles
C. only a positive electric charge
D. only a negative electric charge
Question 78: We can have problems when touching electrical devices with wet hands
because
.
A. the eater itself is a good conductor of electricity
B. the water dissolves the salt on our skin and becomes more conductive
C. the water contains too many neutral molecules
D. the water containing no charged particles makes it more conductive
Question 79: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Pure water is much more conductive than most water we encounter every day.
B. Graphite is a common solid substance that can conduct electricity.
C. Salt can conduct electricity when it is molten or dissolved.
D. Some materials are more conductive than others.
Question 80: Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Electrical Energy
B. Electrical Devices
C. Electrical Insulators
D. Electrical Conductivity
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