R&S ARGUS Monitoring Software Guide

Technical Information
Subject to change [25-June-2012, 8SPM-Kr, Version 5.4.6]
Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS

Numerous facilities for monitoring, measuring and direction finding
Reliable solution for monitoring, direction finding

and measurements according to ITU recommendations
Numerous possibilities for evaluation and analysis according to ITU recommendations
Usable for all types of monitoring stations
Cost-effective thanks to standardization

Great flexibility thanks to modular design
Supported languages: English, Chinese, French,
German, Russian, Spanish
Runs under Microsoft Windows 7, Vista and
Windows XP operating systems
Introduction
The control unit provides the R&S ARGUS userfriendly graphical user interface. This user interface
The Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS comprises
can be used to configure measurement units, de-
numerous facilities for measuring, monitoring and
fine measurement jobs and transfer them to meas-
direction finding for manned and unmanned fixed
urement units, to receive, display and store meas-
stations, for mobile stations and for transportable
urement results and transfer these results to other
stations. An available evaluation module is used to
applications. The control unit menu always presents
perform a comprehensive statistical evaluation of
the settings and measurement options of one
measurement results to ITU recommendations.
measurement unit. One control unit can access up
Measurement results can be displayed alphanu-
to eight stations simultaneously. The R&S ARGUS
merically or graphically. Measurement results, their
measurement unit is controlled by a control unit. It
definitions and evaluation results can also be doc-
receives the measurement jobs from all the con-
umented in reports.
nected control units, co-ordinates them and processes them. Measurement devices are controlled
Thanks to its modular design, R&S ARGUS can be
and measurement results and alarm conditions are
easily configured to meet customer requirements.
determined, buffered and transferred to the control

units. A measurement unit can be controlled by
R&S ARGUS runs under Windows XP, Vista and
basically any given number of control units, one at
Windows 7 operating systems, which provide great
a time.
ease of operation, operational safety and networking. Uniform operation, pre-emptive multitasking
and versatility in integrating additional software
(e.g. MS Office) are further benefits.
Control and measurement units can run on the
The basic module of R&S ARGUS consists of one
same computer or on different computers. In the
license for R&S ARGUS, data administration,

graphics, configuration, help functions, standard
software interfaces, direct measurement mode, 20
device drivers for fixed antennas and 20 device
drivers for movable antennas. Additional software
modules, software interfaces and device drivers for
receivers, analyzers, direction finders, decoders,
recorders and accessories can be easily added to
later case the communication can be done by all

means of standard network connections like e.g.
GSM, Radio links, PSTN, ISDN, WAN (wide area
network) LAN (local area network) fiber optic links,
satellite links, .... This approach has the following
advantages over remote-control packages such as
pcAnywhere:
the basic module. This modularity makes the
Simpler to use software
software extremely flexible.
Faster implementation of measurement jobs

because only information relevant to the measurements is transferred. There is no need to
Client-server concept
R&S ARGUS is a straight client-server application
comprising a measurement unit (server) and a control unit (client).
fiddle around with files

Cost-effective solution as the connection to the
measurement section can be interrupted during a
measurement, so cutting costs
Only one measurement unit is occupied during
the connection and not the whole PC
Basic module of Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS

Device drivers
IMM
RCI
Receivers
Interactive meas. mode
Remote control interface
Device drivers
BMM
DEI
Direction finders
Bearing meas. mode
Data exchange interface
Device drivers
AMM
Analyzer
Automatic meas. mode
Spectrum management
database interface
Device drivers
EVAL
DCI
System devices
Evaluation module
Device control interface
ORM
WEB
Order report module
Web control interface
SMDI
DIFF
Difference meas. module
SIS
Station information
system
CMM
Coverage meas. mode
DM
Digital meas. mode
GMM
SYNC
PMM
Guided meas. mode
Synchronous meas. mode
Pulse meas. mode
ARR
PAR
IDNT
Record & Replay module
Parallel meas. mode
Identification module
Modules of R&S ARGUS
Security concept
Besides the password protection already
They are invisible to members of other groups.
implemented in Windows, the security concept of
Every user is assigned to one user group. In a file
R&S ARGUS comprises four areas:
he has generated, the user can set the user group

to Public. This allows users in other user groups to
Security through special access rights to files

Security through user groups as owners of the
files
read and edit this file.

The software recognizes two user classes with
different access rights: Administrator and User.
User class concept with grading of access rights
Every user must be assigned to exactly one user
Password protection
class. These user classes have different rights. The

users of the user class Administrator can access all
the software. Those in the user class User can
R&S ARGUS has a security concept that authenticates users via a user name and password in different security areas. This ensures that data cannot
be edited or deleted by every user.
Users generally have different measurement and
access all the software except the configuration

part.
Every user authenticates himself in his user group
and user class by entering a password when logging on to R&S ARGUS.
evaluation interests. It is assumed that users with

similar interests are grouped together in a User
Group. R&S ARGUS stipulates that users wishing
to measure with the definition files of another user
or evaluate the data of another user must belong to
the same user group as the other user.
A set of data which is to be evaluated must be
comparable. R&S ARGUS requires that any set of
data which is to be evaluated must come from the
selected Measurement Units.
User Groups are the current owners of R&S
ARGUS files. These user-selectable, user group
names are assigned to each user. All files are
stored with the user group name of the user.
Measurement modes
All measurement tasks being run by the measurement software can share the same hardware, i.e.
measurement devices and accessories. Naturally,
the hardware can be available to one task for a
certain time only. Nevertheless, thanks to sophisticated task scheduling within the software, the different measurement modes are able to consecutively use the hardware resources according to the
time and priorities the operator has set for each. As
long as the number and duration of the tasks are
within reasonable bounds, it is easy to arrange for
several measurement modes to use the same
hardware. All this is available under a single license
with R&S ARGUS running on the system process
controller.
Different measurement modes offer the various
This mode provides the operator with a fast way to
monitoring, measuring and direction finding activi-
monitor, measure, locate and identify emissions.
ties in a very dedicated way. These measurement

modes are:
The system visualizer in R&S ARGUS produces the

schematic of a selected radio monitoring station:
direct measurement mode (DMM)

interactive measurement mode (IMM)
antennas, receivers, analyzers, decoders and recording equipment with all their connections are
shown in graphical representation. The required
bearing measurement mode (BMM)
connections between antennas and receivers can
automatic measurement mode (AMM)
be selected and switched by a single mouse click.
synchronous measurement mode (SYNC)

parallel measurement mode (PAR)
digital measurement mode (DM)
guided measurement mode (GMM)
coverage measurement mode (CMM)
pulse measurement mode (PMM)
A second mouse click, on a device icon, opens the

interface from which the user can control the device
and perform the measurements. This interface simulates the functions and the settings of the device.
Depending on the device driver, it contains several
tabs each corresponding to a measurement type
which can be performed by the device in question.
Depending of the measurement type, the measurement results are shown using different types of
graphics, tables or a numerical display. The mea-
Direct Measurement Mode
surement results can be saved for further analysis

or for printing out.
The direct measurement mode (DMM) is used to

control the measurement equipment directly via
virtual control panels.
Example illustrating the direct measurement mode with Monitoring

Receiver R&S ESMB
Interactive Measurement Mode
the necessary capability. Frequencies which are not

of interest to the user can be suppressed for any
The interactive measurement mode (IMM) is used
measurement. If limits for a measurement parame-
to obtain an overview of a spectrum, for analyzing
ter are defined, signal analysis can be started au-
and identifying electromagnetic emissions, for ob-
tomatically if the value goes above or below the
taining results when an antenna is moved, for ana-
limit, e.g. to identify the appropriate transmission.
lyzing intermodulation, for performing coverage

measurements and for automatic detection of unknown signals.
Different IMM modes provide direct access to various activities. These modes are:
Spectrum
Signal Analysis
Antenna Analysis
Intermodulation Analysis
Coverage Measurement
Detection of Unknown Signals
The dialog window is split into two sections. The

upper section has the same settings for all modes.
It contains the parameters for the selection of the
mode, the selection of the devices, the most im-
Example illustrating the spectrum mode in the interactive measurement

mode
portant device settings and the Start, Stop and

Settings >> buttons. If the user wants to set special
The measurement results are displayed using a
device settings, it is possible to open the device
cartesian diagram (measurement value vs. fre-
interfaces. With the Settings >> button the dialog
quency). The measurement results can be saved
window can be enlarged. The enlarged section
for further evaluation or printed out. A report can be
contains the settings for the selected mode.
printed out directly from the IMM.
The Spectrum mode gives the user a quick overview (level) of a frequency spectrum.
This can be performed with scan (scanning from
start frequency to stop frequency using frequency
increments), frequency list scan (scanning using
frequencies from a frequency list) or transmitter list
scan (scanning using frequencies from a transmitter
list). Additional measurements (e.g. the frequency
offset or modulation) on all signals within the frequency band can also be made if the receiver has
Typical measurement result from the spectrum mode
In the Signal Analysis mode electromagnetic
interest. The receiver is then automatically set to
emissions can be analyzed and identified.
that frequency. The use of this method means that
The user can select the frequency and the mea-
ly and quickly.
the measured spectrum can be analyzed very easisurement parameters (e.g. level, frequency offset,
bandwidth, modulation or location), depending on
the capability of the selected devices.
In the Antenna Analysis mode, level measurements are performed on one frequency while the
azimuth, the elevation or the height of a directional
antenna is varied. This mode is only activated for
steerable antennas.
The user can define the antenna settings in two
ways: he can select a range for the antenna and
the antenna covers this range using the selected
step width or he can select a settings list. In this list,
he can enter antenna settings.
Example illustrating the signal analysis mode in the interactive measurement mode
The measurement results are displayed using a yt

plot (measurement value vs. time). The measurement results can be saved for further evaluation or
printing out. A report can be printed directly from
the IMM.
Example illustrating antenna analysis in the interactive measurement

mode
The measurement results are shown as a polar

diagram (azimuth and elevation) or as a cartesian
diagram (height).
Moving a directional antenna for 360 and displaying the level vs. the azimuth gives immediately the
Typical measurement result obtained in Signal Analysis mode
If the user wants to change the frequency during

the measurement, this can be done very conveniently by using the graphic of the spectrum mode.
Simply position the marker on the frequency of
direction of maximum intensity, i.e. the direction

towards the transmitter. Thus, this mode can also
be used for direction finding. This is especially important for frequencies above 3 GHz, the upper limit
for most current direction finders.
The measurement results can be saved for further
where I is the frequency on which the intermodula-
evaluation or to be printed out. A report can be
tion is observed, A, B and C are the originating
printed directly from the IMM. Typical measurement
frequencies and the coefficients X, Y and Z the
result from the Antenna Analysis mode
given harmonics. The number of originating frequencies, the maximum harmonics with two originating frequencies and the maximum harmonics
with three originating frequencies are entered by
the user. The maximum harmonics if there is one
original frequency is 10.
Some examples:
Number of originating frequencies: 1
Formulas: 2A, 3A, 4A, ..., 10 A
Number of originating frequencies: 1 and 2
Max. harmonics with two originating freq.: 2
Formulas: 2A, 3A, 4A, ..., 10 A, A+B, A-B, -A+B,
2A+B, 2A-B, -2A+B, A+2B, A-2B, -A+2B, 2A+2B,
2A-2B, -2A+2B
Typical measurement result obtained in Antenna analysis mode
Number of originating frequencies: 1 and 2 and 3

Max. harmonics with two originating freq.: 1
Max. harmonics with three originating freq.: 1
Formulas: 2A, 3A, 4A, ..., 10 A, A+B, A-B, -A+B,
A+B+C, A-B+C, A-B-C, -A+B+C, -A-B+C
The Intermodulation Analysis mode is used to

track the emission producing an intermodulated
All frequencies determined in steps one and two
signal. Intermodulations with up to three source
are possible originating frequencies. The user can
signals are taken into account.
add or delete frequencies from this list. The originating frequencies are determined as follows:
There are four steps:

Number of originating frequencies = 1:
First, the spectrum associated with the frequency
A is calculated from the formulas and then a check
range to be investigated is measured in the spec-
is made to determine if this frequency ( IF band-
trum mode.
width / 2) is in the list of possible originating frequencies.
Second, the number of frequency values can be

restricted to a reasonable number by setting a
threshold. Only frequencies with levels above the
B is directly determined from the list of possible
threshold are used. It is assumed that only strong
originating frequencies. A is calculated from the
transmitters are causing intermodulation.
formulas and then a check is made to determine if
Third, the possible originating frequencies are cal-
possible originating frequencies.
this frequency ( IF bandwidth / 2) is in the list of

culated. The formula for calculating is
I = X x A Y x B Z x C,
10
Example illustrating intermodulation analysis in the interactive measurement mode with typical IMA result calculated in the intermodulation
analysis mode

B and C combinations are calculated from the list of
possible originating frequencies. A is calculated
from the formulas and then a check is made to
determine if this frequency ( IF bandwidth / 2) is in
the list of possible originating frequencies.
In the final step, the intermodulation products calculated in this way can now be investigated by clicking the Start button in the IMM dialog window. All
frequencies which can theoretically cause the intermodulation are compared acoustically with the
observed intermodulation, using the receivers builtin demodulator.
The results are stored in an IMA Result file, sorted

in the order of decreasing probability. The most
probable results are those with the fewest original
frequencies and the lowest order. The calculation
results can be saved to an IMA Result file and reloaded at a later date.
11
In the Coverage Measurement mode, level mea-
With frequency list scan, the results of one frequen-
surements are performed while driving. This mode
cy are displayed. After the measurement the results
is only activated if a GPS receiver is available.
of the other frequencies can be displayed one by

one.
Measurements can be performed with fixed frequency mode (measurement using one frequency)
The user can set the time interval parameter. This
and frequency list scan (scanning using frequencies
is the time interval between two measurements.
from a frequency list).

The results are displayed on electronic maps using
the Geographical Information Software R&S
MapView, where different colors represent different
level ranges.
Example illustrating a measurement result of a coverage measurement

displayed in R&S MapView
12
The Detection of Unknown Frequencies mode

provides a very efficient way to automatically identify new, unknown transmitters.
In a first step a freely definable frequency range is
scanned. Then, ARGUS will determine on which
frequencies there is an emission. This can be done
fully automatically (mathematically speaking,
ARGUS will calculate local maxima in the spectrum). Additionally, the criterion for distinguishing
noise from transmitters can be a user defined
threshold or limit line. For fine tuning, e.g. to select
weak signals from strong noise, a level offset can
be applied. The result will be a list of occupied frequencies.
In order to easily identify new, unknown emissions
a list of known or licensed transmitters can be selected. These frequencies will not be included in the
final list. Thus, the final result will be a list of occupied frequencies which are not known or licensed.
This list can be saved for further evaluation and
identification.
Almost 40 transmitters have been automatically detected (see lower
graphic), but after applying a reference list (e.g. imported from a license
database) only 2 frequencies remain unknown
Live measurement in MaxHold mode (red trace) and automatically determined transmitters
13
Bearing Measurement Mode
bearing, along with the longitude and latitude (if

there are at least two stations or a SSL (single sta-
The bearing measurement mode is used to locate
tion location) station) and the error radius of the
transmitters. Up to four direction finders can be
target location (if there are at least three stations).
controlled simultaneously. The DF stations, bear-
With the >> button the dialog window can be en-
ings and locations can be displayed on digital maps
larged.
within the Geographic Information Software R&S

MapView.
In the Bearing mode, single-shot or continuous

bearing measurements are performed on all emis-
The following three BMM modes handle the activities in question:
sions at one selected frequency within a range of

360 degrees or within sector(s) defined by the operator. Up to four measurement stations can be
Bearing
Replay
used simultaneously.
The controlled devices can be direction finders or
Combine
directional antennas on azimuth rotators. The direc-
The dialog window is split into two sections. The
tional antenna is rotated step-by-step through the
upper section has all settings for the selected
angle range and the level is measured. The meas-
mode. The lower section contains the bearing re-
urements are displayed as a polar diagram. The
sults from every station involved, together with lev-
results are evaluated after all azimuth steps have
el, bearing, quality and recording time of the
been performed.
Example illustrating the bearing mode in the bearing measurement mode
14
The angle with the maximum or minimum level
If, for any reason, it is not possible to set up a con-
(depending on the antenna) is displayed as bearing
nection to a measurement station, the results can
result. With this method it is possible to do direction
be transmitted verbally from the remote station and
finding at frequencies way above 3 GHz, the upper
entered manually on to the system by the user.
limit for currently available direction finders. Using

appropriate antennas and down converter ARGUS
can perform DF up to 256 GHz.
In order to identify the emission or to make sure,

that all direction finders are tracking the same signal, it is possible to listen to the audio of all stations
The results are then automatically transferred to
involved. Furthermore, the IF spectra can be dis-
R&S MapView and/or Google Earth, where the
played.
bearing results are displayed. A result history is

provided in the BMM dialog window and in R&S
The bearing results can be saved for further evalua-
MapView and GoogleEarth to determine the best
tion, replayed, combined or printed.
transmitter bearing. Using an appropriate transmitter list, the position of known transmitters can also
This mode can be included in the interactive mea-
be displayed on the map. This way the origin of a
surement mode and in the automatic measurement
transmission can be very easily determined.
mode.
Example illustrating the bearing measurement mode (three stations

connected) with results shown in R&S MapView
15
In the Replay mode, previously recorded bearing
This mode is also useful if a user has only one ve-
results are displayed in the BMM dialog window
hicle. Firstly, the vehicle must move to the initial DF
and/or in R&S MapView and GoogleEarth.
point. The bearing is taken. Then, the vehicle must

move to the next DF point and again the bearing is
After the bearing result and the time period have
taken. The two bearings are then used to determine
been selected, the bearing results can be displayed
the location of the transmitter (running fix). If nec-
singly or continuously.
essary, further bearings can be taken and combined.
Example illustrating the replay mode in the bearing measurement mode
The Combine mode is used to combine previously
When the bearing results, the frequency and, if
recorded bearing results. This is very useful for
required, the level and quality threshold have been
users without any direct connection to the DF sta-
selected, the bearing results can be combined.
tions. The bearing measurements can be performed in each station. Later, the bearing results
The results can be displayed in the Bearing Result
can be combined somewhere else and the location
dialog window and/or in R&S MapView and
of the transmitter can be calculated.
GoogleEarth using the Replay mode.
16
Example illustrating the Combine mode in the bearing measurement

mode
17
Automatic Measurement Mode
Rotators and masts can also be controlled so that

the measurements are also performed at certain
The automatic measurement mode is used to au-
azimuths, elevations, polarizations and heights.
tomatically perform measurements according to a

schedule. The user defines the measurement tasks
and starts them. Then the measurements will be
performed automatically, exactly as defined by the
The measurement results can be saved in different
user. The measurement results can be evaluated
formats:
while the task is being performed or when it has

been completed.
Measurement result: All measurement results

are saved.
The measurement runs at the measurement unit.

This means that in case of remote control (i.e. control and measurement unit are running on different
computers) no connection between the measurement unit and the control unit is required during
the measurement, thus drastically minimizing network costs.
Simply connect from the control unit to the meas-
MaxHold: Only one data record with the MaxHold

value for each frequency is saved. If the measurement task exceeds 23:59:49 the MaxHold
values of the day are buffered at midnight and
the measurement result file is deleted. The
MaxHold determination is continued the next day
with the buffered values as first input.
Compressed measurement result: The mean, the
urement unit, define and start the measurement
maximum, the minimum value and the standard
and disconnect. The measurement will continue
deviation during a user defined period is saved
and the results will be saved in the measurement
for each frequency.
unit. When the control unit and the measurement

unit are connected again, the measurement results
can be transferred.
Measurement result during an alarm: Measurement results are only saved if an alarm criterion if
fulfilled, i.e. a measurement values exceeds the
upper or lower limit.
Cyclic measurements can be performed at certain

times of the day and over a period of days, months
or even years.
Long-term monitoring of parameters can be performed. For each frequency and parameter an upper and/or lower limit can be defined. If during a
Begin and end of an alarm: For each frequency

where an alarm condition is fulfilled, date, time,
measurement value and status (High, Low, OK)
are saved.
Measurement result during and compressed
measurement result outside an alarm: If no alarm
measurement one of these limits has been exceed-
condition is active: the mean, the maximum, the
ed several options are possible. The alarms can be
minimum value and the standard deviation dur-
displayed on the screen at a manned station or
ing a user defined period is saved for each fre-
passed to the central station if the alarm is at an
quency.
unmanned station. Furthermore, a new measure-
If an alarm condition is active: all measurement
ment can be started for a detailed examination of a
results are saved.
frequency that triggered the alarm. It is possible

e.g. to perform various modulation measurements,
the audio can be recorded or additional measurement stations with DF equipment can be integrated
in order to determine the location of that emitter.
18
The user can set up an AMM procedure quickly and
The second definition file is the measurement defi-
easily using the AMM Wizard. The AMM Wizard
nition.
guides the user through the appropriate dialog windows where he can make the necessary entries to
For each measurement, the user selects the range
set up the AMM. The Wizard then generates the
definition (i.e. the devices and appropriate settings),
necessary definition files.
the measurement type (scan, frequency list scan,

transmitter list scan or fixed frequency mode) and
the measurement frequency or frequencies. For
location measurements, the parameters of the
bearing measurement mode must be set. Measurements where the azimuth or elevation of a directional antenna is varied can only be performed with
steerable antennas. The measurement results can
be saved for further evaluation; the type of graphic
(yt plot, cartesian diagram, 3D waterfall diagram,
polar diagram, 2D waterfall diagram) can be selected if appropriate for the measurement.
The first of the five AMM Wizard steps available
To provide a high level of flexibility, three definition

files are used to define an automatic measurement
task.
The first definition file is the range definition for all
frequency ranges of interest the user can define
individual devices to be used and their settings. The
available measurement parameters for all subranges are also displayed.
Example illustrating a measurement definition
The alarm conditions and actions for a measurement parameter can be defined. A limit can be defined by a limit value (limit value is constant over
the frequency range), by a limit line (limit values
vary over the frequency range) or by the limit values from the transmitter list.
The alarm actions can be a message, a signal tone
or a measurement.
Example illustrating a range definition
19
The third definition file is the timing definition where
The timing definition can be selected in the auto-
the user selects the measurement definition, the
matic measurement mode dialog window. The user
start and stop date, the daily start and stop, the
can then start the measurement by clicking the
measurement interval. The day of the week on
Start button. The graphics are opened automatical-
which measurements are to be performed can also
ly.
be selected.
Example illustrating a timing definition
Example illustrating result of automatic measurement mode
20
Difference measurement module
After that the difference is calculated and displayed.
The difference measurement module is an addition
The saving of the difference results are done via
to the automatic measurement mode. With this
special criteria for each frequency. These criteria
module simultaneous measurements with two re-
can be a limit value, a limit line or both.
ceivers or analyzers of the same type can be performed. This feature can be used with scan (scan-
Limit value selected, limit line not selected:
ning from start frequency to stop frequency using
Difference level > limit value Saving
frequency increments) and frequency list scan

(scanning using frequencies from a frequency list).
Limit value selected, limit line selected:
After each scan the difference of the two measure-
Difference level > limit value AND field strength of
ments is calculated. The frequency spectrum of
the reference receiver > limit line Saving
both devices and the difference can be displayed in

graphics.
Limit value not selected, limit line selected:
To eliminate noise a threshold can be defined by
Saving
Field strength of the reference receiver > limit line

the user. The frequency spectrum of each receiver
is calculated for each frequency as follows:
The date and time, frequency, field strengths of

both receivers and the difference will be saved.
Measured field strength threshold

field strength = measured field strength
Measured field strength < threshold
field strength = threshold
All standard receivers and spectrum analyzers can

be used. Thus, the frequency range from 100 Hz up
to 256 GHz is covered.
Monitored room
Antenna
R&S
EM100
Reference room
Antenna
R&S
EM100
Operator room
Control/Meas. PC
LAN
Hub
R&S
ARGUS
Installed modules:
Basic module
R&S AMM
R&S DIFF
R&S ARGUS-RX
Example for using the difference measurement module
21
The lower graphic shows the result of the reference

receiver, taken in a nearby clean room.
The middle graphic shows the result of the monitoring receiver, taken at the same time in the room to
check.
The upper graphic displays the difference of the two
spectra.
Note the strong emission at 93,1 MHz clearly peeking out in the difference spectrum. It can as well be
seen in the spectrum of the monitoring receiver. But
here it is just one emission among many, many
others, nothing indicating that this peak is suspicious.
22
Synchronous measurement mode
A slave device can be operated in the Set or the

Follow Mode. In the Set Mode frequency and
The synchronous measurement mode is a func-
measurement settings will be transferred once,
tional upgrade of the device driver EB200, ESMB,
upon user action. In the Follow Mode subsequent
ESMD, EM050, FSP, ESPI, FSQ, DDF1xx,
changes of frequency and / or measurement set-
DDF255 and DDF0xAE.
tings at the master device will be transferred to the

slave device, automatically.
It allows to define master devices in the Direct

Measurement Mode (DMM), which are able to con-
Also, the Bearing Measurement Mode (only for
trol one or more slave devices. The master device
software option BMM) can be controlled by a mas-
analyses a frequency spectrum (DScan, Scan,
ter device.
FLScan, Sweep) while the slave device analyses a

single frequency selected at the master device
using the marker function. In addition to the frequency the measurement settings will be transferred from the master to the slave device.
Example of ESMB as Master with 4 Slave devices
23
Digital measurement mode
Typical modulation standards for which default

settings are available are i.e. GSM, UMTS, DAB,
The new digital measurement mode is optimized for
DVB, WLAN or Bluetooth.
dedicated measurements of digitally modulated

signals.
Among the supported measurements is the determination of the vestigial side band emissions. This
Special emphasis has been given to provide maxi-
is of particular importance with DAB and DVB-T
mum support for users who are less experienced in
transmitters. Here, due to the almost rectangular
this relatively new field of measurements. The op-
shape of the RF spectrum, practically the full
erator is guided step by step through several dialog
transmitting energy is present directly at the bound-
windows each prompting for the relevant infor-
ary to channels of adjacent radio services. Given
mation.
the large number of carriers within this kind of signal, the formation of intermodulation products is
Depending on the selected measurement type and
very likely.
modulation standard the device settings are automatically set to be a perfect match for this kind of
signal. If the user modifies these settings, values
which would lead to a non-compliant measurement
are marked in red, clearly indicating that this parameter should be changed.
24
Parallel measurement mode
All the results are combined into a single file, saved

on the measurement unit where the parallel meas-
The parallel measurement mode can be used for
urement mode has been started.
synchronized measurements of a parameter using

up to four different measurement units.
It is also possible to listen to the audio of all devices

involved. Thus, it can be easily confirmed that all
Like the bearing measurement mode where up to
stations are really monitoring the same transmitter.
four measurement units can perform combined

direction finding, the parallel measurement mode
can be used for combined measurements of any
parameter.
First, the operator selects the measurement units
and the devices used for this task. Next, he selects
the parameter to be measured and defines the
device settings. Upon starting the measurement the
connections to the measurement units are established, the settings are sent to the devices and the
measurements are performed.
Dialog window of parallel measurement mode
25
Guided measurement mode
It is possible for the operator to modify these settings. Any settings, which are not compliant with the
The guided measurement mode is especially de-
relevant ITU recommendation, are marked in red,
signed for less experienced operators.
clearly indicating the discrepancy. Even with the

non-compliant settings the measurements can be
Key point here is the integrated knowledge data
done.
base. For a large number of frequency ranges default values for the device settings are defined.
If the measurement results are saved, it is indicated
These defaults depend on the frequency, the
in the file info whether the parameters were compli-
measurement parameter (e.g. Level, Offset, Band-
ant or not.
width, ) and are defined according to the relevant

ITU recommendations.
Thus, the operator is given a very powerful tool

which guides him in order to quickly and efficiently
The user simply selects the frequency / frequency
perform his measurement tasks the way it is rec-
range and the measurement parameter(s). The
ommended by the ITU.
system automatically offers only those devices

which can perform the measurements according to
the ITU recommendations. Also, the default values
are displayed in the dialog window.
26
Coverage measurement mode
Like in the Guided and in the Digital Measurement

Mode default values for a large number of frequen-
The coverage measurement mode supplies
cy ranges are predefined. The operator simply se-
extended possibilities for measurements of
lects the frequency (range) and ARGUS suggests
analogue and digital signals according to the
optimum device setting according to the resp. ITU
relevant ITU requirements.
recommendations. These settings can be modified
For analogue signals the measurement parameters
cated by a bold red font.
by the operator but non-compliant settings are indiLevel and Adjacent Channel Interference (Carrier to
Interference Ratio) are provided. For digital signals
To further enhance to usability and operator sup-
Level, Bit Error Rate (BER, for DVB-T) and Channel
port the maximum recommended vehicle speed is
Impuls Response (CIR, for DVB-T) are provided. All
displayed (the ITU recommends to perform 50 indi-
parameters are measured while driving. A
vidual measurements within the distance of 40 ).
connected GPS adds high-precision geocoordinates for each measurement point.
The results are displayed on electronic maps using

the Geographical Information Software R&S
Measurements can either be performed on a single
MapView, where different colors represent different,
frequency or on multiple frequencies defined in a
user-definable value ranges.
frequency list. The integrated View mode enables

the operator to quickly scan the spectrum and detect emissions on adjacent channels.
Dialog window of coverage measurement mode
27
Pulse Measurement Mode
Finally, these values are compared with data from a

reference data base. Thus, the signals can be
The pulse measurement mode is designed to
identified.
detect, analyse and identify pulsed signals.

Both data bases (for device settings and reference
In a first step the frequency range of interest is
values) can be edited and modified by the operator.
scanned. A list of all currently active frequencies is

created automatically. Like in the other guided
modes the operator can select a predefined
frequency range and ARGUS will provide the
appropriate device settings.
Subsequently, characteristic parameters like pulse
duration, pulse repetition rate, scan cycle or beam
width are determined for the signals found in step
one. Again, the device settings are based on the
internal knowledge data base.
Example illustrating step 3 of the pulse measurement mode
28
Identification
If more than one frequency is to be analyzed or if

the decoding mode of the signal is already known,
The identification module is an extremely powerful
the Automatic Measurement Mode (AMM) is a very
tool when it comes to decoding signals.
efficient tool.
More than 110 decoding modes have been imple-
All results can be saved for further evaluation and
mented in the software. The operator can use the
analysis.
decoder in various measurement modes.

Where applicable the audio of the signal can also
be recorded and later on replayed.
Dialog window IDNT
In the Direct Measurement Mode (DMM) the operator can e.g. try out different modes to analyze a
signal until the identification is complete. Receiver
parameters like frequency and IF bandwidth can be
conveniently set via the corresponding receiver
dialog window.
29
Decoding Mode
Measurement Parameter
Special Modes
AUM13, EPIRB, GMDSS HF, G-TOR, DGPS-SC104 (not implemented),

GW-Dataplex, HF Datalink, IRA ARQ, Merod, MUM-13, Skyfax, Twinplex,
VISEL
FEC Modes
FEC100, FEC100 dirty, FEC100 interleaved, FED100 raw, FEC-A, FEC-S,

FEC-B SITOR-B, ROU-FEC, HNG-FEC
MFSK Modes
Coquelet-8, Coquelet-13, Coquelet-8 FEC, Coquelet-8 FEC auto, Coquelet-8 FEC auto start, CROWD 36, Piccolo 6, Piccolo 12, FIRE, MFSK 16,
MFSK 18, FMSK 20, RF7B
CIS Modes
405-395, 81-29, 81-81, Baudot-F7B, BEE 36-50, CIS-12 Fire, CIS-11

TORG-10/11, CIS-14 TORG-14, R 37
ARQ Modes
ARQ-2 TDM-242, ARQ-4 TDM-342, ARQ6-70, ARQ6-90/98, ARQ 625

SITOR A, ARQ-DUPLEX, ARQ-E, ARQ-E3, ARQ-Pol, ARQ-Swed, ARQ-S
ARQ-1000, HC-ARQ, RS-ARQ, RS-ARQ Merlin, TOR Dirty
MIL STD 188 Series
MIL STD 188-110 39-tone, MIL STD 188-110 serial, MIL STD 188-110
141 ALE, STANAG-4285, STANAG-4529
Audio Recording
Radio Quality, Telephone Quality
Common Modes
ASCII AUTOSPEC, BAUDOT, BAUDOT SYNCHR, BF6 BAUDOT, CW,

CW-F1b, Fax-AM, Fax-FM, Hell, PACKET AX-25, PACTOR I, PACTOR II,
PSK-31, SITOR A/B auto, SSTV
SELCALL
ARINC ANNEX 10, CCIR1, CCIR2, CCITT, CODAN 8550/CCIR 493-44,

CTCSS, DCSS, DTMF, EEA, EIA, EURO, NATEL, TT classification,
VEDW, ZVEI 1, ZVEI 2, ZVEI 1-13 BIIS, ZVEI ITA xtone
VHF/UHF Modes
ACARS SITA, ATIS GMDSS, Cityruf, MDT, ERMES, FMS-BOS, FLEX,

MPT 1327, INMARSAT-C TDM, INMARSAT-C TDMA, POCSAG
List of implemented decoding modes
30
Digital Radio Mondial (DRM)
Furthermore, status information about synchronization and various CRCs are given.
Digital Radio Mondial is the new digital radio system for frequencies < 30 MHz (currently). Some of
Various technical parameters are measured and
the benefits are that existing long-, short- and me-
displayed. All results can be saved for later evalua-
dium-wave bands can be used. With the COFMD
tion. This includes the audio signal as well as mul-
modulation near-FM audio quality can be reached.
timedia content.
In addition to the audio further data and information

can be transmitted simultaneously.
The ARGUS device driver displays the output data

of the DRM decoder.
Most importantly, the names of the available services are shown. After the operator has selected a
service relevant information like service name, bit
rate, audio compression format, sample rates are
shown.
31
If additional data is transmitted, it will also be displayed. This can be simple text messages or even
multimedia content like graphics or slide shows.
Of course, it is possible to simply listen to the radio

program via the PC speakers.
Hardware requirements are receivers with LAN
interface, e.g. ESMB (with HF-option); EB200 or
EM050 / EM550 and for the PC a soundcard with
speaker / headphones.
Example of a DRM measurement result file
32
Audio
The operator can define the audio quality mode, the

sensitivity of the Line-In interface as well as the
One of the fastest and most efficient ways to identi-
volume.
fy an emission is to simply listen to the signal. One

can tell immediately what kind of information is
For devices which provide digital audio the situation
broadcasted. In case of voice it is clearly distin-
is even easier. The controls for volume and audio
guishable whether it is direct communication like
quality are automatically integrated into the respec-
taxi or air traffic control or general broadcast like
tive device drivers. Devices which currently support
radio or TV and after a short period of time it is
this feature are EB200, ESMB, EM510, EM550,
usually possible to tell who is transmitting. In case
PR100, EM100, ESMD, DDF255, DDF0xA and
of data transmission one can usually not directly
DDF0xE.
decode the content. But the type of transmission

has been determined. Very experienced operators
The digital audio is also available in the Bearing
can even tell the type of modulation by listening.
Measurement Mode (BMM) and Parallel Measure-
This information is extremely helpful for further
ment Mode (PAR). This means, e.g. that while the
analysis of the signal, e.g. using the ARGUS IDNT
direction finding and location is being performed the
module.
operator can listen live to the audio of all direction

finder / receiver involved. That is very useful to
Consequently, in all the relevant places within
make sure that all devices are investigating the
ARGUS it is possible to listen to the audio. When
same transmitter since with direction finder being
the option ARR is available analogue and digital
far away from each other it may happen that one
audio can be transferred from the devices to the
device monitors a different transmitter using the
PC. Here, the audio can be output to the PC
same frequency.
speaker, so that the operator can listen even if the

device itself is far away.
The audio signals, both from analogue and digital

sources are also available in remote control mode.
Devices with analogue audio output (e.g. FSPx,
Thus, an operator in a national control station can
EK89x) are connected to the Line-In input of the
listen to the live signal taken in a remote measure-
soundcard. In this case the device configuration
ment station hundreds of kilometers away. Thanks
has to be set up accordingly. To listen to the audio
to the highly sophisticated client / server architec-
the following dialog window is used.
ture of the ARGUS system a network bandwidth of

only 2.5 kbit/s is required for good quality audio
transfer.
33
Record and Replay
Selecting a result file and clicking on the Replay

button in the Navigator will open the Replay dialog
In addition to listen to the audio signal the ARR
window.
option furthermore enables to record the audio data

and IF spectra. These data can be saved as a nor-
All the measurement parameter from the file can be
mal ARGUS measurement result file. The standard
selected for replay. The results can be displayed as
measurement result file options like display as text,
a table as well as in various types of graphics.
edit, delete, create and read backup files, are

available.
Bearing results can additionally be displayed in the

Geographic Information Software R&S MapView.
Furthermore, saved measurement result files can

be replayed. This means that the data is displayed
The progress bar in the Replay dialog window indi-
in exactly the same time steps as it has been rec-
cates the current replay position. The same infor-
orded. (Note: This is a major difference compared
mation can be seen in the table editor and in the
to the Open as Graphic option, where all results are
preview window where it is indicated by the marker.
shown at once.)
The audio can be output via the soundcard and

Example of replay mode: IF spectrum, IF spectrum MaxHold, IF spectrum
history, level and offset as graphic all results as table plus audio (not
visible)
speakers / headphones.
For improved usability the replay speed and the
volume can be adjusted.
34
Process measurement result files
evaluated to create statistical data like compressed results, MaxHold results, measurement
Four possibilities are available to process meas-
results during an alarm, begin and end of an
urement results in R&S ARGUS. A measurement
alarm or measurement result during and com-
result file can be
pressed measurement result outside an alarm
combined with other measurement result files in

one measurement result file for a common eval-
extended with information from transmitter lists

and occupancy data.
uation
split in different files with filter criteria like time,
frequency, measurement values or antenna settings
Process Measurement Result Files dialog window
35
Displaying measurement results

The measurement results can always be displayed
in alphanumerical format. Additionally, a graphical
representation is possible. Both, live graphics as
well as offline graphics (display of previously recorded results) are available. Depending on the type
of measurement, the following graphic types can be
selected: y-t plot, cartesian diagram, polar diagram,
3D waterfall diagram and 2D waterfall diagram with
frequency occupancy diagram.
Measurement result displayed in the table editor and displayed as 3D

waterfall diagram
36
Measurement result displayed as 2D waterfall diagram with frequency

occupancy diagram
Measurement result displayed as polar diagram
37
Evaluation module
Frequency Band Occupancy
With the evaluation module, the following software
Frequency band occupancy involves the calculation

of the occupancy for the whole frequency band
measured. Two graphics are opened:
functions are available:

Statistics according to ITU recommendations can
be performed
Automatic detection of unknown transmitters
Report generation is possible
The 2D waterfall diagram shows frequency along

the x-axis and time along the y-axis. A symbol
represents the measurement values that exceed
a user-defined threshold.
The frequency occupancy diagram shows frequency along the x-axis and frequency occupan-
Statistics
With the evaluation module a comprehensive statis-
cy values in [%] along the y-axis. The frequency

occupancy is calculated for every frequency as
follows:
tical analysis of measurement results can be made

according to ITU recommendations. The following
statistics are available:
Frequency band occupancy
Frequency channel occupancy
Number of meas. values Threshold

100
Total number of meas. values
Measurement value statistics

Transmission statistics
Sub-audio tone statistics
Example illustrating frequency band occupancy
38
Frequency Channel Occupancy
An overshoot frequency of 0% means that no

measured value is greater than or equal to a partic-
For this kind of statistic three types are available:
ular measured value. This value is the largest

measured value plus a value corresponding to the
Occupancy over the time: the frequency occu-
smallest step width of the measured value unit. The
pancy is displayed in [%] along the time axis.
overshoot frequencies 0%, 10%, 50%, 90% and
The time axis begins with the start date and time
100% are important representative values.
of the measurement result and ends with the

stop date and time of the measurement result.
Occupancy, 24 Hours: this option is only available if the measurement took longer than 24
hours. Then the maximum, mean and minimum
occupancy is calculated and displayed for each
interval from 00:00 h until 24:00 h. Only the selected days of the week are considered.
Overshoot frequencies over the time: the over-
In addition to the graphical statistics various statistical data can be calculated in the Frequency Channel Occupancy dialog window:
Revisit time:
The revisit time is directly dependent on the measurement time, the number of channels (in case of a
frequency list scan), and any waiting time between
the individual measurements:
shoot frequencies 0%, 10%, 50%, 90% and
Revisit time = (measurement time per channel +
100% of the measured values are displayed
waiting time per channel) x (number of channels)
along the time axis. The graph consists of bars

whose width represents the interval. The over-
Transmission length:
shoot frequencies 0% (maximum value), 10%,
Transmission length is the duration of a transmis-
50%, 90% and 100% (minimum value) are
sion data burst that is above the specified threshold
shown as lines within the bar at the correspond-
level. The accuracy of the transmission length de-
ing measured value.
termination depends highly on the revisit time.

Busy hour:
The occupancy is calculated for every interval as
Busy hour is defined as the moment on the sliding-
follows:
hour average line where the occupancy is at the

highest within a 24 hour interval from 00:00 to
Number of meas. values threshold

100
24:00. As an example with an interval of 15 minutes

the sliding hour average determination is done in
two steps: First samples of 15 minutes are aver-
The overshoot frequency is calculated for every

measurement value as follows:
aged, resulting in 96 samples per day. Second

each 15 minutes average-value is then used to
form a so-called sliding 1-hour average. That is 4
Number of meas. values a measured value

100 pieces of 15-minutes samples are averaged 96
times a day (beginning at each quarter of an hour).
An overshoot frequency of 100% means that all

measured values are greater than or equal to a
particular measured value. It therefore follows that
this is the lowest measured value.
39
Frequency Channel Occupancy dialog window
Example illustrating frequency channel occupancy: Occupancy over the

time (green trace) and Busy Hour (red trace)
40
Example illustrating frequency channel occupancy: Overshoot frequencies

over the time
41
Measurement Value Statistics
The overshoot frequency graph has the measured value along the x-axis and the overshoot
The Measurement Value Statistics indicate how
frequency in [%] along the y-axis. The overshoot
often each measured value occurs and how often
frequency is calculated for every measurement
each measured value has been exceeded. These
value as follows:
calculations can be used to provide information

about the variance of measured values, the stability
of measured values, the environmental noise component and cross-modulation and intermodulation
effects. Two graphics are opened:
Number of meas. values a measured value

100
An overshoot frequency of 100% means that all
measured values are greater than or equal to a
particular measured value. It therefore follows that
The measured value frequency graph has the

measurement value along the x-axis and the fre-
this is the lowest measured value. An overshoot

frequency of 0% means that no measured value is
quency [%] along the y-axis. The measured val-
greater than or equal to a particular measured val-
ue frequency is calculated for every mea-
ue. This value is the greatest measured value plus
surement value as follows:
a value corresponding to the smallest step width of

the measured value unit. The overshoot frequen-
Number of meas. values for a measured value

100
cies 0%, 10%, 50%, 90% and 100% are important

representative values.
Example illustrating measurement value statistics
42
Transmission Statistic
The Transmission Statistics - Transmission

graph shows transmission time along the x-axis
Transmission statistic enables the user to deter-
and transmission in [%] along the y-axis. The
mine how often and how long a channel has been
transmission times are displayed using 1-second
used for transmission. The threshold for these sta-
grids. The graph is not displayed if the threshold
tistics is settable. The following definitions apply:
is not exceeded twice within the entire measurement time.
t(tot): Total observation time (t(on) + t(off)).
Number of transmissi on times within a sec ond

100
Total number of transmissi on times
t(on): Sum of all times during which the measured

value is above the threshold.
The Transmission Statistics - Gap graph shows
t(off): Sum of all times during which the measured
pause time along the x-axis and the gap in [%]
value is below the threshold.
along the y-axis. The pause times are displayed
t(Trans): Sum of all times during which the mea-
if the threshold is not undershot twice within the
sured value is above the threshold. Only times at
entire measurement time.
over 5-second grids. The graph is not displayed
which the value exceeds the threshold and then
Number of pause times within 5 sec onds

100
Total number of pause times
drops below it again are counted. t(Trans) can only

be calculated if the threshold is exceeded twice
within t(tot).
t(Gap): Sum of all times during which the measurement value is below the threshold. Only times
at which the value drops below the threshold and
then exceeds it again are counted. t(Gap) can only
be calculated if the threshold is overshot or under-
Level
shot twice t(tot).
Threshold
Time
+
+
+
+
+
+
t(tot)
t(on)
t(off)
t(trans)
t(gap)
Example illustrating the definition
Two graphics are opened:

43
Example illustrating transmission statistics
Sub Audio Tone Occupancy

Sub-audio tone occupancy statistics enable the
user to ascertain how often and how long transmissions have been made with a certain sub audio
tone.
The result is shown as a table. The entire transmission time (column t(on)) is given for every subaudio tone (Theo. Sub Audio Tone column). How
often the tone has been measured (Number column) is also specified.
Example illustrating sub audio tone occupancy
44
Detection of unknown frequencies
Generation of reports
Saved scan measurement results can be used to
R&S ARGUS gives the user comprehensive docu-
automatically detect new or unknown transmitters.
mentation options with the evaluation module.

Measurement results, measurement definitions and
Similar to the procedure in the Interactive Meas-
statistical evaluations in the form of graphs or ta-
urement Mode (IMM), occupied frequencies can be
bles can be compiled and configured by the user for
determined fully automatically or via limit lines and
reports. These reports can be printed out on the
thresholds. A reference list of known transmitters
operating-system printer or in an RTF format file
can be utilized to eliminate licensed stations. Thus,
with the DEI software option.
the result is a list of occupied frequencies which

have not been characterized as known or good.
Via the integrated RTF-Editor the user can create

various templates to modify the look and feel of the
Here, in the evaluation module this analysis is per-
report according to his own preferences or corpo-
formed offline, after the measurement. In the IMM
rate identity.
the analysis is performed live, while the measurement is still running.
Create report dialog window for generation of reports

45
Station information system
provides map tools which can geo-reference and

integrate standard maps in jpg-format.
The Station Information System (SIS) provides

always up-to-date information on all monitoring
stations in the network. The status of the stations
as well as of the respective equipment is displayed
on a map.
For each station the following data is provided:
The map can not only display the distribution and

current status of the entire monitoring network, it
can also be used to select stations for the Bearing
Measurement Mode (BMM) or directly establish a
connection by a single click on the respective stations icon.
name
location (latitude, longitude)
type (fixed, mobile)
max. data transfer rate
current connection status
user logged in
measurements running
status of all devices (physical / virtual)
Furthermore, for each station equipped with a

SA129 the following data is provided:
temperature
humidity
Example: distribution and status of monitoring stations within a nationwide

network
smoke
fire
open doors / windows
power supply
UPS

(depending on selected sensors)
The ARGUS system can automatically poll all configured stations in a user-definable time interval.
The update can also be triggered manually. Alarm
information is saved into a log file.
Default maps for all countries are provided. However, the customer can also create his own maps. SIS
Example: Zoom using a high resolution satellite image (Source: Google

Earth)
46
Order Report Module
All results are send as file in XML format to the

OUTBOX folder of R&S ARGUS. The application
The open interface Order Report Module (ORM)
which had sent the measurement order shall per-
enables other applications to define measurement
manently monitor the OUTBOX. It should notify an
tasks (orders) for and to receive the measurement
output immediately and retrieve it for further ac-
results (report) from the Monitoring Software R&S
tions.
ARGUS.
R&S ARGUS itself can also create orders. The
handling is the same like with the application. The
reports with the results will send back to the originating position.
Application
The ORM ARGUS Data Channel (ORM ADC) is
an extension to the standard ORM. While ORM
provides the report after the end of the measure-
Order
Report
ment, ORM ADC provides a live data stream. The

output of the receivers can be sent directly to a
INBOX
OUTBOX
user-definable IP-address and port. Thus, the results are available live. However, the customer has
to create his own application that deals with the
data.
R&S
ARGUS
All orders from the application have to be send as

file in XML (Extensible Markup Language) format to
the INBOX folder of R&S ARGUS. The INBOX is
permanently monitored by R&S ARGUS. It notifies
an input immediately and transfers it to the order/report list.
If the measurement order is set to automatic performance the measurements are performed automatically with an AMM. If the measurement order is
set to manual performance an operator has to perform the measurements.
The orders can be transmitted to several independent operating positions if the order has included
tasks for them. In this case the order report module
must be installed on all used positions and a network connection must be available.
47
Standard interfaces
The basic module of R&S ARGUS has the following
The R&S ARGUS R&S MapView interface
interfaces:
transfers transmitter data, coverage results, measurement results with location information and bear-
R&S ARGUS (Control Unit) R&S ARGUS
ing results from R&S ARGUS to R&S MapView.
(Local Measurement Unit)

R&S ARGUS Backup files
R&S ARGUS R&S MapView
Prerequisite: Both software packages must be running simultaneously on one computer during the
The R&S ARGUS (Control Unit) R&S ARGUS

(Local Measurement Unit) interface transfers
R&S
ARGUS
R&S
MapView
data between an R&S ARGUS control unit and a

local R&S ARGUS measurement unit.
transfer.
With the basic module transmitter data are transferred by selecting the File Display in R&S
Direct
MapView menu command in the transmitter list

editor.
With the IMM software option measurement results
with location information are transferred by clicking
The connection is made automatically by the soft-
the Start button in the Interactive Measurement
ware when R&S ARGUS is started. Data is trans-
Mode dialog window in Coverage Measurement
ferred automatically by the software, if needed.
mode or by selecting the File Display in R&S

MapView menu command in the table editor.
With the BMM software option bearing results are
The R&S ARGUS Backup files interface saves
transferred by clicking the Start button in the Bearing Measurement Mode dialog window.
R&S ARGUS files to hard disk, or other media, and

transfers files between different R&S ARGUS software packages.
R&S
ARGUS
Backup files
The files are created by selecting the Create Backup Files... button in the Navigator System Files
dialog window. Files are read and deleted by clicking the appropriate buttons in the Navigator
Backup Files dialog window.
48
Additional interfaces
R&S ARGUS has the following additional interfaces:
R&S
ARGUS
Remote Control Interface (RCI)

Data Exchange Interface (DEI)
Import of dBase, Excel, text, commadelimited ASCII, Access and html files with
1. frequencies
2. general transmitter data (only EN or DE)
3. FM transmitter data (only EN or DE)
4. TV transmitter data (only EN or DE)
Spectrum Management Database Interface

(SMDI)
Device Control Interface (DCI)
Web Interface (WEB)
R&S
ARGUS
The Remote Control Interface (RCI) transfers
data between an R&S ARGUS control unit and a
remote R&S ARGUS measurement unit.
LAN /
WAN
Export of
- measurement results
- bearing results
- measurement processes
- general transmitter lists
- FM transmitter lists (only EN or DE)
- TV transmitter lists (only EN or DE)
in dBase, Excel, text, comma-delimited
ASCII, Access, XML and html files
and export of
- frequency channel occupancy data
in comma-delimited ASCII files
R&S
ARGUS
Print in rtf files
ed as well. Additionally, the user can freely define
Prerequisites: A TCP/IP network must be installed.
his own export format. Frequency channel occu-
Both software packages must be running simulta-
pancy data can be exported to files in comma-
neously during the transfer.
delimited ASCII format. In addition printouts can be

made in RTF format.
The connection is set up by selecting the remote

measurement unit and clicking the Connect or
Connect and Activate button in the Select Meas.
Unit dialog window. Data is transferred automatically by the software, if needed.
Frequencies are imported by selecting File Import Frequency List... menu command and clicking the Open button in the Import Frequency List
dialog window. Transmitter data are imported by
The Data Exchange Interface (DEI) has the task

of importing files with frequencies, general, FM or
TV transmitter data and exporting measurement
results, bearing results, measurement processes
and all types of transmitter lists to files. The files
can be in dBase, Excel, text, comma-delimited
ASCII, Access, XML and html format. The standard
ITU data exchange formats according to ECC rec-
selecting File Import Transmitter List... menu

command and clicking the Open button in the Import Transmitter List dialog window. Measurement
results, bearing results, measurement processes,
transmitter lists and frequency channel occupancy
data are exported by clicking the Export... button in
the Navigator System Files dialog window. The
printer setup is extended with RTF Document.
ommendations (05) 01 and (02) 03 are implementMonitoring Software R&S ARGUS
49
The Spectrum Management Database Interface
Measurement result files can be sent to the data-
(SMDI) imports transmitter data and occupied and
base by clicking the Export... button in the Naviga-
unassigned frequencies from spectrum manage-
tor System Files dialog window.
ment databases. Furthermore, measurement results can be transferred to spectrum management
The parameters for the database query as well as
databases.
the measurement result files are written by the R&S

ARGUS system into files in the XML format. In order to communicate with the database a little conversion tool has to be created which translates the
R&S
ARGUS
Spectrum
Management
Database
R&S ARGUS format into the database format and

vice versa.
With this open interface R&S ARGUS can connect
to virtually any spectrum management system,
independent of the manufacturer (e.g. LStelcom,
This interface is used to:
ATDI, Bilkent) the operating system and the database engine (e.g. dBase, Oracle, Sybase).
give inputs for engineering

verify the results of engineering
locate and identify unlicensed transmitters
locate and identify harmful interference
detect emissions with characteristics that do not
meet license conditions
verify the transmitter parameters of licensed
stations
update spectrum management databases with
measurement results
Schematic of information flow for data exchange between R&S ARGUS
and Spectrum Management Database
The interface between R&S ARGUS and the Spectrum Management Database is realized by exchanging files in XML (Extensible Markup Language) format.
Transmitter data or frequencies which are stored in
a spectrum management system are imported by
selecting the File Import Data from Database... menu command and clicking the OK button
in the Import Transmitter Data or Frequencies dialog window. The search criteria are frequencies,
location, service, signature and call sign.
50
The Device Control Interface (DCI) is an open

interface on device level. It enables the customer to
create device driver for his own (even non-R&S)
equipment. Via the DCI interface virtually all types
of radio monitoring hardware can be integrated into
the R&S ARGUS system. These devices can fully
benefit from all features provided by R&S ARGUS,
like e.g. measurement modes, evaluation, graphical
display, file management
The content of delivery comprises detailed documentation, example source code and up to 5 hours
online support.
The software option DCI is available in two versions, Basic and Enhanced. Basic enables the control of devices like switch units, rotors, recorder,
whereas Enhanced can control more sophisticated
devices, e.g. receiver, analyzer, direction finder.
The Web Interface (WEB) enables access to

ARGUS stations via a web browser. On the control
PC only a web browser and the Java runtime environment need to be installed, no ARGUS specific
software is required. Via this web interface receivers of the Rohde & Schwarz ESMB family, the
ESMD, EM510, EM550, EM100, PR100 as well as
the DDF255, DDF0xE and DDDF1xx direction finders and the UMS100/120 can be controlled. In addition, steerable antennas can also be controlled.
Further information
Further information on the system family R&S
ARGUS is available on the Internet at
www.argus.rohde-schwarz.com, or from your
local Rohde & Schwarz representative.
Information can also be obtained by e-mail to
argus@rohde-schwarz.com.
51
Ordering Information
Basic Module
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.02
Automatic Measurement Mode (AMM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.10
Bearing Measurement Mode (BMM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.11
Coverage Measurement Mode (CMM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.12
Digital Measurement Mode (DM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.13
Guided Measurement Mode (GMM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.14
Interactive Measurement Mode (IMM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.15
Parallel Measurement Mode (PAR)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.16
Pulse Measurement Mode (PMM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.17
Synchronous Measurement Mode (SYNC)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.18
Evaluation Module (EVAL)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.25
Difference Measurement Module (DIFF)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.26
Audio Recording & Replay (ARR)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.30
Station Information System (SIS)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.31
Identification Module (IDNT)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.32
DRM Decoder (DRM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.33
Extended System Functionality (ESF)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.34
The basic module contains one license for R&S ARGUS, data administration,
graphics, configuration, direct measurement mode, antenna device drivers,
standard software interfaces and electronic manuals
Note: Can be ordered just in connection with other software modules!
Note: requires option AMM
ROHDE & SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Mhldorfstrae 15 81671 Mnchen Germany
Tel.: +49 89 4129-0 Fax: +49 89 4129 13777 Internet: http://www.argus.rohde-schwarz.com
Remote Control Interface (RCI)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.40
Data Exchange Interface (DEI)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.41
Spectrum Management Database Interface (SMDI)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.42
Order Report Module (ORM)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.43
Device Control Interface (DCI Standard)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.44
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.45
Web Interface (WEB)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.46
Device Driver for Class Receiver (ARGUS-RX)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.50
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.51
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.53
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.60
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.61
For Switch units, Rotors, Recorder, Compass, GPS, Attenuator and Amplifier,
incl. 2 hours support
Device Control Interface (DCI Advanced)

For Receiver, Analyzer, Direction Finder and Decoder
incl. 5 hours support
One license controls one device

The class receiver includes the following devices:
EB200, EB500, EFA, EK895, EK896, EM100, EM510, EM550, ESH3, ESHS,
ESM500, ESM1000, ESMB, ESMC, ESMD, ESN, ESS, ESVB, ESVD, ESVN20,
ESVN30, ESVN40, ESVP, ESVS, PR100
Option DF for Device Driver ESMD (ESMD-DF)

Note: requires option ARGUS-RX
Option DDC for Device Driver ESMD (ESMD-DDC)

Note: requires option ARGUS-RX
Device Driver for Class Direction Finder (ARGUS-DF)

The class direction finder includes the following devices:
DDF190/195, DDF01/05/06A, DDF01/05/06E, DDF01/05/06M, DDF205, DDF255,
DDF395/396, DDF550, DDF007, PA025, PA055, PA555, PA1555
Option GSM for Device Driver DDF0xAE (DDF0xAE-GSM)

Note: requires option ARGUS-DF
Option SSL for Device Driver DDF0xAE (DF0xAE-SSL)
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.62
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.64
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.63
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.70
R&S ARGUS
3040.8547.80
Option SR for Device Driver DDF0xAE (DF0xAE-SR)

Option RX for Device Driver DDF255 (DDF255-RX)

Device Driver for Class Analyzer (ARGUS ANALYZER)

The class analyzer includes the following devices:
ESAI, ESBI, ESMI, ESPI, ESIB, ESU, ETL, FAM, FSA, FSB, FSE, FSH3/6/18,
FSIQ3/7/26, FSM, FSP3/7/13/30/40, FSQ3/8/26/40, FSU, FSV3/7/13/30/40, VSA
Device Driver for Class System Devices (ARGUS-SYSDEV)

The class system devices includes the following devices:
BG030, COMPASS, FU129, GB127M, GB127MU, GB127S, GPS, HSRG,
MIXER, PCM-7010, RD127, RSU, ZS125/126/127/128/129

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Technical Information

Subject to change [25-June-2012, 8SPM-Kr, Version 5.4.6]

Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS

Reliable solution for monitoring, direction finding

Cost-effective thanks to standardization

Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS

The Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS comprises

can be used to configure measurement units, de-

numerous facilities for measuring, monitoring and

fine measurement jobs and transfer them to meas-

direction finding for manned and unmanned fixed

urement units, to receive, display and store meas-

stations, for mobile stations and for transportable

urement results and transfer these results to other

stations. An available evaluation module is used to

applications. The control unit menu always presents

perform a comprehensive statistical evaluation of

the settings and measurement options of one

measurement results to ITU recommendations.

measurement unit. One control unit can access up

Measurement results can be displayed alphanu-

to eight stations simultaneously. The R&S ARGUS

merically or graphically. Measurement results, their

measurement unit is controlled by a control unit. It

definitions and evaluation results can also be doc-

receives the measurement jobs from all the con-

Thanks to its modular design, R&S ARGUS can be

and measurement results and alarm conditions are

easily configured to meet customer requirements.

determined, buffered and transferred to the control

R&S ARGUS runs under Windows XP, Vista and

basically any given number of control units, one at

Windows 7 operating systems, which provide great

Control and measurement units can run on the

The basic module of R&S ARGUS consists of one

same computer or on different computers. In the

license for R&S ARGUS, data administration,

later case the communication can be done by all

the basic module. This modularity makes the

Simpler to use software

software extremely flexible.

Faster implementation of measurement jobs

fiddle around with files

Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS

Basic module of Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS

Interactive meas. mode

Remote control interface

Bearing meas. mode

Data exchange interface

Automatic meas. mode

Device control interface

Order report module

Web control interface

Guided meas. mode

Synchronous meas. mode

Pulse meas. mode

Record & Replay module

Parallel meas. mode

Modules of R&S ARGUS

Monitoring Software R&S ARGUS

They are invisible to members of other groups.

implemented in Windows, the security concept of

Every user is assigned to one user group. In a file