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VEHICLE AERODYNAMICS
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07-01-2014
FORM DRAG
Form drag
Lift drag
Surface drag
Interference drag
Internal flow drag
LIFT DRAG
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SURFACE DRAG
Surface Drag is a frictional resistance that
results from air passing tangentially along the
body.
The velocity of air produced a thin layer called
the boundary layer next to the vehicle body,
which slows the velocity of air due to tangential
friction forces.
The viscous friction losses in the boundary
layer and the drag on small surface
imperfections within this layer are considered
as surface drag.
It is a small part of the total aerodynamic drag
8
i.e., about 9%.
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07-01-2014
INTERFERENCE DRAG
Interference Drag is caused by the projection
and protuberances that exist on the basic
body.
The exterior vehicle body projections, such as
hood ornament, windshield wipers, radio
aerial, rearview mirror, air scoop, roof pillars,
rain gutters, all contribute to the total
interference drag.
The various component projecting under the
vehicle, such as engine pan, the suspension
arms, exhaust system and rear suspension
also contribute to the interference drag.
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Force
moment
Longitudinal(x-axis)
Drag (PX )
Lateral(y-axis)
Side force(PY)
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display ed.
Vertical(z-axis)
Lift (PZ)
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display ed.
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07-01-2014
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V
A
= Air density
= Velocity of the vehicle
= cross-sectional area of the vehicle viewed from the
front.