SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY and

ENERGY EFFICIENCY in NEW

DEVELOPMENTS in BANGALORE
Does it make Business Sense?

Roundtable Discussion and Workshop

18 June 2014

2030 Problem of Plenty

Current Issues Faced by Cities

Issues: Road Safety

140,000 deaths/year in India due to

road traffic crashes

Issues: Air Pollution

627,426 premature deaths/year in
India due to air pollution

http://www.topnews.in/law/files/delhi-pollution.jpg

Issues: Physical Inactivity

436,122 premature deaths/year in India

Source: http://www5.imperial.ac.uk/medicine/metabolic_risks/bmi/
http://www.topnews.in/law/files/delhi-pollution.jpg

Issues. And More

Parking
Traffic Clogging
Time taken by occupants to move in and out of
Townships
Islands of Prosperity gated communities
Liveability of the township in long run .

With 70% of built stock yet to be built

there are is an opportunity to do
things the right way or let them go
horribly wrong!

Where Does the Heart of Problem lie?

Bangalore

photo credit: EMBARQ India

Traffic Woes!
No matter where you live or who
you are

Western Express Highway at Bandra East, Mumbai

photo credit: EMBARQ India

Is this Good for Real Estate

Business in Long Run ?

Gurgaon

Car Centric Design..

Spiral of Destruction

Car Centric
Design Attracts
More Cars and
Roads

People Centric Design.

Invert the Pyramid

Strategy & Recommendations

Non- motorized modes
of transport
Creating open/ public
spaces
Transit and integration
of networks
Mixed use
Parking and
demand management

People Centric Cities.

Work Done with Developers

Integration of
Mobility in
Designing

Design Audits
of Townships

2011

Covered 3
townships in
different states
Knowledge
exists but
application a
problem

2012

Multi-stakeholder
consultations
Institutionalization
of knowledge and
coordination

ConnectKaro

ConnectKaro

Surveys

Mumbai
Roundtable

2013

Develop
indicators and
benchmarks

2014

Understanding
perspective of
Developers on
Parking Regulations

Vision for Real Estate Development

Within the next 5 years we intend to reach out and impact:

250 Developments

1 Million Homes

5 Million People

What Needs to be Done

Peer Learning Platform

Develop Benchmarks and Assess Impacts of
Current Travel & Energy use Patterns
Document Best Practices and Publish Case
Studies
Develop Tools and Impart Training to Developers

Agenda for Today

SESSION 1: Roundtable discussion
a) Mobility and Real Estate Development
b) Business case for Sustainability and Energy efficiency,
and
c) Market Trends and Government incentives

SESSION 2 : Workshop
a) Findings from Consumer Surveys and Township Audits
b) Dialogue between participants to synthesize
discussions and come up with a set of priorities for the
way forward
c) Interactive Design Review Session for interested
participants

Share Your Ideas, Suggestions

Please put your thoughts on the POST ITs provided

SESSION 1
Mobility & Real Estate Development

Mobility & Real Estate Development

What challenges
does the real estate
business face due to
increasing traffic and
mobility issues in
Bangalore?

Source: archive.citycaucus.com

Would designing
developments with
mobility as a strong
focus increase the
demand for such
properties?

Mobility & Real Estate Development

To what extent do
real estate
developers consider
upcoming transit
stations in locating
new developments in
Bangalore?
Does this make
economic sense and
why?

Mobility & Real Estate Development

What gaps or
opportunities exist in
the current policy
frameworks that
create barriers to
offering more
sustainable mobility
options?
(related to building
codes, FAR and other
regulations)

TEA BREAK
(15min)

SESSION 1
Business Case for Sustainability
& Energy Efficiency

Business Case for Sustainability

& Energy Efficiency
70% of the infrastructure that will exist in India in 2030 will be
built between 2012-2030.
Energy Efficiency investments can save an amount (USD 14
billion) equal to health & education spending combined per
annum in India.
Commercial buildings malls, hotels, IT centers, multispecialty hospitals) will require 13% more energy each year
Overall electrical energy requirement in megacities like
Bangalore expected to increase by 7% annually -- means a
doubling of requirement in 10 years!

Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Estimated Benefits and Savings
Payback period estimated at 3-7 years for LEED gold or
platinum certifications.
20-30% of water saved
30-50% of electricity saved
Costs increased by 2-3% for Gold LEED certification
In Brazil, almost 10% higher ROI on new green buildings,

and 19% higher ROI for remodelling

Business Case for Sustainability

& Energy Efficiency

What gaps/opportunities exist in the current codes and

policy frameworks to achieve greater energy efficiency in
new developments?
Is there a business case for increasing energy efficiency in
new developments and building green?

What mechanisms can be introduced to ensure that energy

efficiency is sustained in the developments post occupancy?

SESSION 1
Current Market Trends &
Government Incentives

Current Market Trends & Government

Incentives
What are the current market trends for sustainable
developments? Are buyers aware of the existing rating
systems? What are some of the methods adopted to create
awareness amongst buyers?

Energy Efficiency - Incentives

By Government

Property Tax Breaks

MNRE Provides:
registration fees,
architect/design fees,
property tax rebates,
annual awards,
training/workshops/
publications.

By Banks/Investors

GRIHA/LEED

SBI gave Mahindra

World a 0.5% interest
rate reduction for
building green

GRIHA grants a 5% FAR

increase in many
localities

Banks which support,

finance, and provide
grants for green
incentives: State Bank
of India, Industrial
Development Bank of
India, Bank of Baroda,
ICICI

ECBC adoption by
additional states

Enforcement of
current building codes Bank of America
would result in a 50%
provides grants for an
reduction in energy
Affordable Green
usage
Neighborhoods
program

Pimpri Chinchwad 5%
FAR bonus, 1-5% extra
ground coverage,
permission charge
discounts, property tax
reductions

Current Market Trends & Government

Incentives
What are the current market trends for sustainable
developments? Are buyers aware of the existing rating
systems? What are some of the methods adopted to create
awareness amongst buyers?
Would developers be open to adopt an incentive based
model for achieving sustainability within developments? Are
there examples of such policies that have succeeded
elsewhere?

LUNCH
Google Group : Sustainable Developers
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/sustai
nable-developers

Household Survey Results

Identifying Travel Patterns and Preferences

Household Surveys

Survey captures
Household demographic data
Travel activities per household in a typical week
Transport mode preferences
Residents perceptions of the urban environment in which
they live
Attitudes towards transport facilities and options
Perceptions on sustainable practices
6 Developments, 446 respondents

Survey Projects Location Plan

Godrej Woodsman
34 acres site area
2500 res.units
Platinum City
~ 11,000 people
~ 3000 cars

Ideal Homes
326 acres site area
~1911 res. units
~ 8500 people
~ 2000 cars

15 acres site area

896 res.units
~ 3800 people
~ 1350 cars

3.5 acres site area

~220 res. units
Ittina Abby
~ 8500 people
~ 3000 cars

Adarsh Palm Retreat

L&T South City
34 acres site area
~2000 res. units
~ 8500 people
~ 3000 cars

250 acres site area

750 villas
2040 apartments
~ 13,300 people
~ 4200 cars

Primary Travel Mode - All Trips

58% work trips => 64% by car
42% additional trips => 74% by car
63% - concerned about travel
expense

Primary Travel Mode Additional Trips

56% - local shopping/grocery store
24% - visiting friends
20% - other

Additional Trip Distances and Times

46% Trips were less than 5 kilometres

64% trips had travel times (one-way) less than 30 minutes
65% of the respondents preferred to stay within the
community for shopping

Reason for Mode Choice

Comfort (50%) and safety (42%) were cited by most

respondents as their reason for choosing their current
mode.

Physical Activity Patterns

Around 60% spend 30 minutes or above on physical activity
Of the people engaging in physical activity, 85% prefer
walking
Women & people over 40 years preferred walking

Respondents could give more than one response, therefore percentages add to more than 100%.

Why did we move here?

49% - Presence of open spaces and safe environment

38% - Green and sustainable practices followed
21% - Distance to retail and shopping

Levels of Satisfaction/Concern
57% were dissatisfied over the availability of retail within the
community and wanted to see a variety of accessible retail
and amenity shops within the community => Demand

for Mixed Use!

80% were satisfied with green practices followed within the
community
90% expressed satisfaction with the quality and safety of
open spaces within the community

69% expressed concern over safety of household members

during travel to and from the community

Levels of Satisfaction/Concern
43% were dissatisfied with access to public transit from
community
57% expressed concern over the road and pedestrian
network and associated infrastructure
60% face heavy congestion during their commute to work

52% felt that their community environment impacts their

transportation choices

I would walk more if

33% - if footpaths were available

28% - better maintenance
26% - if it is was safer

I would cycle more..

27% - lack of cycling infrastructure lanes & parking

10% - distance to destinations
10% - not owning a cycle currently

I would use public transit more.

35% - absence of shuttle services from residence

34% - lack of better public transit quality and connectivity
20% - safety

Energy efficiency : thinking

beyond building envelopes
BRIDGING GAPS IN NON-MOTORISED
MOBILITY
Design audit of integrated developments in Bangalore for mobility

Audit Projects : Location Plan

130 acres site area
1800 res. units
7200 people
3000 cars

10.5 acres site area

514 res. units
2344 people
661 cars

68 acres site area

3022 res. units
12000 people
3325 cars

Mobility
From the development to a point of destination
Within the development

Travel to the development

ON A WEEKDAY, Assuming
50% OF THE POPULATION TRAVEL DAILY FOR WORK

Percentages are assumed from the survey of household units by EMBARQ

Travel to the development

Assuming
30% OF CHILDREN TRAVEL TO SCHOOL DAILY

Percentages are assumed from the survey of household units by EMBARQ

Travel to the development

Assuming
50% OF UNITS EMPLOY HOUSE-HELP WHO TRAVEL TO WORK

Percentages are assumed from the survey of household units by EMBARQ

Travel to the development

INVERSE of the GREEN TRANSPORT
HIERARCHY
WALK
CYCLE
PUBLIC TRANSIT
INTERMEDIATE
PUBLIC TRANSIT
SHARED
OCCUPANCY
SINGLE
OCCUPANCY

Travel within the Site

Schools
Club House

Offices

Residential Units

1.5km
Retail Spaces

Hospital

Open Space

Radii of Chinnaswamy Stadium = 0.15km

1.5km = 10 x

Accessibility
Though walking distances amenities are within the accepted limits, the added
considerations of safety, luggage to be carried, state of infrastructure and age make
car trips more favorable for short trips

TIME TAKEN FROM FARTHEST BUILDING TO THE DESTINATION IN A STRAIGHT LINE

350 550m
10 -15 mins
SERVICE
CORE

SERVICE
CORE

DESTINATION

PARKING
PODIUM

RAMP
ACCESS

AGE +
MULTIPLE
CHILDREN

LACK OF
SEGREGATION

ROAD
CROSSING

FACTORS INHIBITING SMOOTH PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT

DESTINATION

Objectives of the Audit Study

Improve non-motorized network within the project
Reduce number of motorized trips within the premises
Promote walking as a viable option
Make facilities & amenities accessible
Create safer & livelier streets
Ensure safe access within project limits

Design Principles
Divide and distribute
Discretionary walking trips

MEGASCALE

Maintain the
green hierarchy

MESOSCALE

Build for people

and not for cars

MICROSCALE

Strategies and Recommendations

The recommendations are made in the
following categories of intervention

NETWORK

LINKS

INTERSECTIONS

NODES

ACCESS TO THE
PREMISES

Strategies and Recommendations

Developing Alternate Networks for Vehicular
Circulation

NETWORK

Pedestrian : New Networks + Integration of

Networks through open spaces

LINKS

Feeder Network : Buses + Cycling

INTERSECTIONS

Trip Reduction Measures

NODES

ACCESS TO THE
PREMISES

Alternate Networks
Feeder Bus + School Bus Route

Locate Feeder Bus stops 250m apart for easy access to all

Public Transit
Bus Stop

Alternate Networks
IPT (Integrated Public Transit)

Incorporate space for auto/taxi stands alongside the feeder stops

Public Transit
Bus Stop

Alternate Networks
Pedestrian and Cycling

Allocate space for cycle stands and well shaded pathways

Public Transit
Bus Stop

Strategies and Recommendations

Prioritizing existing pedestrian links
NETWORK
Creating dedicated pedestrian
pathways along ramps

LINKS
Enhanced Links for connectivity
through development

INTERSECTIONS

Pavement Design / Treatment

NODES

ACCESS TO THE
PREMISES

Existing Road Network NMT Network

As per IRC 103-2012,

Existing Road Network NMT Network

Analyzing the road network for pedestrian facilities Sidewalk analysis

Width Greater than 0.9m

Width Equals to or less than 0.9m
No dedicated pedestrian paths

Corridor Preference Matrix

SUB
ARTERIAL

COLLECTOR

ROAD
ELEMENT

18.0m

20.0m

14.5m

9.5m

PRIORITY

Mobility

Footpath

Bicycle Path

Public Transit

(Shared)

LOCAL

12.5m

9.0m

Mobility + Access

8.5m

8.0m

3.5m

Access

Shared Path
Shared Path

Feeder Network Shared Path

Parking
Bicycle

2 wheelers

3 wheelers

4 wheelers

Traffic
Calming

Median

Existing Road Sections : 18m

Redesigned Road Sections : 18m CDP

Retain the
carriageway
1.5
Ped

1.4
Cycle

6.0m carriageway

Reducing median
width
0.8
Med

6.0m carriageway

1.4
Cycle

1.5
Ped

Introduce
dedicated cycle
track

Move the
planting to within
plot
Design tree
planting
considering
shading

Strategies and Recommendations

Introduce Traffic Calming Measures at
Junctions

NETWORK

Ensure continuous pavements at ramp

& basement entry points

LINKS

Use of Traffic Visibility Mirrors at blind

spots

INTERSECTIONS

NODES

ACCESS TO THE
PREMISES

Redesigned Intersections
EXISTING INTERSECTION

Images from HSR NIP used to indicate suggested strategy

Redesigned Intersections
PROPOSED INTERSECTION

Images from HSR NIP used to indicate suggested strategy

Strategies and Recommendations

Improve activities & facilities along
pedestrian links provide benches,
dustbins, water fountains, lighting
Activate existing spaces through good
programmed space design
Opportunity for utilizing the residual
spaces

NETWORK

LINKS

INTERSECTIONS

NODES

ACCESS TO THE
PREMISES

Concerns

Introducing a centrally located convenience store within the development

Ensures that people walk more within the development
Reduction in trips for daily use

Saves time
Safe

Locating Convenience Retail

Identify Residual Space within the Development

Images from L&T South City used to indicate suggested strategy

Locating Convenience Retail

Proposed Reuse

Images from L&T South City used to indicate suggested strategy

Strategies and Recommendations

Improve Facilities along Main Street
Dedicated Space for Auto Rickshaws, Bus
Pick Up & Drop Offs
Introducing directional signage at entrance
points to reduce wayfinding trip lengths
within the campus
Improving the signage within the campus
Use of Alternative signage methods that are
visually legible

NETWORK

LINKS

INTERSECTIONS

NODES

ACCESS TO THE
PREMISES

Access Point to Development

Improve Facilities along
Main Entrance Dedicated
Space for Auto Rickshaws,
Bus Pick Up & Drop Offs
DROP-OFF

PICK-UP

Images from Adarsh Palm Retreat used to indicate suggested strategy

Directional Signage

Signage Directions that tend to be confusing

Improperly placed signage to be discarded

Directional Maps that guide

visitors through the
development

Images from L&T South City used to indicate suggested strategy

Building Signage
Alternative signage methods that are visually legible

Building Numbers can be painted on the darker facde colour for better visibility

Images from L&T South City used to indicate suggested strategy

Measuring the Impact

Reduction in the trip distances.

Number of increased walking trips pre and post implementation

Reduced the car usage with in the development
Reduction in emissions due to increased walking trips, cycle usage and
trips by transport systems.
User rating on the quality of space pre and post implementation.

Dialogue on Way Forward

Best Practice Guidebook

TEA BREAK
(30min)

Interactive Design Review

Session
Mobility Challenges

THANK YOU
Google Group : Sustainable Developers
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/sustai
nable-developers