RESEARCH ON

ELT I
Lecture I

Rida Wahyuningrum
English Department
Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya

What is
Research?

RESEARCH defined
Research is the systematic
approach to obtaining and
confirming new and
reliable knowledge

This is a general definition

which applies to all
disciplines

Systematic and
orderly
(following a
series of steps)
Purpose is new
knowledge,
which must be
reliable

CURIOUSITY
(finding the truth)

SCIENTIFIC
NON SCIENTIFIC
= CONTINGENCY
= COMMON SENSE
= INSPIRATION
= INTUITION
= TRIAL AND ERROR
= SPECULATION
= AUTHORITY

RESEARCH RESULTS

LOGIC
REASONING
THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK

Research Design:
Problems and Theoretical Framework
Research Method

Finding the truth

SCIENTIFIC METHOD
NATURE: IDENTICAL,
CONSISTENT,
OBJECTIVE

APPLICATION

LOGIC
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
RESEARCH METHOD

A PROCESS THAT TAKES PLACE WITHIN SCIENTIFIC METHOD

CONDUCTED THROUGH A RESEARCH WITH ITS METHOD THAT REFERS

TO THE LAW OF LOGICS (DEDUCTION AND INDUCTION)

PROCESS/
CYCLES

SCIENTIFIC
METHOD

The scientific method is a

way to ask and answer
scientific questions by
making observations and
doing experiments.
SCIENTIFIC means
- systematic
- methodoligical
- objective
- universal

DEFINITION
Research is a systematic
attempt to provide answers
to questions
(Tuckman, 1999)

DEFINITION
Research is a systematic way
of asking questions, a
systematic method of inquiry
(Drew, Hardman, and Hart, 1996)

DEFINITION
The main goal of research is
the gathering and
interpreting of information to
answer questions
(Hyllegard, Mood, and Morrow, 1996)

DEFINITION
Research may be defined as the
systematic and objective analysis and
recording of controlled observations
that may lead to the development of
generalizations, principles, or theories,
resulting in prediction and possible
control of events
(Best and Kahn, 1998)

SYSTEMATIC because there is a definite set of procedures and steps which

you will follow. There are certain things in the research process which are
always done in order to get the most accurate results.
ORGANIZED in that there is a structure or method in going about doing
research. It is a planned procedure, not a spontaneous one. It is focused and
limited to a specific scope.
FINDING ANSWERS is the end of all research. Whether it is the answer to a
hypothesis or even a simple question, research is successful when we find
answers. Sometimes the answer is no, but it is still an answer.
QUESTIONS are central to research. If there is no question, then the answer
is of no use. Research is focused on relevant, useful, and important
questions. Without a question, research has no focus, drive, or purpose.

GOALS
(1) to discover new facts
(2) to verify and test important facts
(3) to analyse an event or process or
phenomenon to identify the cause and effect
relationship

GOALS
(4) to develop new scientific tools, concepts and
theories to solve and understand scientific
and nonscientific problems
(5) to find solutions to scientific, nonscientific
and social problems and
(6) to overcome or solve the problems occurring
in our every day life.

FUNCTIONS

FUNCTIONS

FUNCTIONS

FUNCTIONS

FUNCTIONS

FUNCTIONS

Rida Wahyuningrum
English Department
Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya