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ERDiagram
ERDiagramisavisualrepresentationofdatathatdescribeshowdataisrelatedtoeachother.

DatabaseConcept
OverviewofDBMS
(overviewofdbms)
DatabaseArchitecture
(architectureofdatabase)
DatabaseModel(database
model)
Codd'srule(coddrule)
RDBMSConcept(rdbms
concept)
Databasekey(database
key)
Normalization(database
normalization)
ERDiagrams(erdiagram)
Generalizationand
Specialization
(generalizationand
specialization)
SQLConcept

SymbolsandNotations

SQLIntroduction
(introductiontosql)
DDLCommand
Createquery(createquery)
Alterquery(alterquery)
Truncate,Dropand
Renamequery(truncate
droprenamequery)
DMLCommand
AllDMLcommand(dml
command)
TCLCommand
AllTCLCommand(tcl
command)
DCLCommand
AllDCLCommand(dcl
command)
WHEREclause(where
clause)
SELECTquery(select
query)
LIKEclause(likeclause)
ORDERBYclause(orderby
clause)
GroupBYclause(groupby
clause)
Havingclause(having
clause)
DISTINCTkeyword(distinct
keyword)
AND&ORoperator(sql
andoroperator)
AdvanceSQL
SQLConstraints(sql
constraints)
SQLfunction(sqlfunction)
SQLJoin(joininginsql)
SQLAlias(sqlalias)
SQLSEToperation(set
operationinsql)
SQLSequences(sql
sequences)
SQLViews(sqlviews)

ComponentsofERDiagram
TheERdiagramhasthreemaincomponents.

1)Entity

TestYourself!
Ifyouhavestudiedallthelessons
ofDBMS,thenevaluateyourselfby

AnEntitycanbeanyobject,place,personorclass.InERDiagram,anentityisrepresentedusing
rectangles.ConsideranexampleofanOrganisation.Employee,Manager,Department,Productandmany
morecanbetakenasentitiesfromanOrganisation.

takingthesetests.

DBMSTopicalTest(http://www.studytonight.com/dbms/tests/)

WeakEntity
Weakentityisanentitythatdependsonanotherentity.Weakentitydoen'thavekeyattributeoftheirown.
Doublerectanglerepresentsweakentity.

2)Attribute
AnAttributedescribesapropertyorcharactersticofanentity.Forexample,Name,Age,Addressetccanbe
attributesofaStudent.Anattributeisrepresentedusingeclipse.

KeyAttribute
KeyattributerepresentsthemaincharactersticofanEntity.ItisusedtorepresentPrimarykey.Ellipsewith
underlyinglinesrepresentKeyAttribute.

CompositeAttribute
Anattributecanalsohavetheirownattributes.TheseattributesareknownasCompositeattribute.

3)Relationship
ARelationshipdescribesrelationsbetweenentities.Relationshipisrepresentedusingdiamonds.

TherearethreetypesofrelationshipthatexistbetweenEntities.
BinaryRelationship
RecursiveRelationship
TernaryRelationship

BinaryRelationship
BinaryRelationshipmeansrelationbetweentwoEntities.Thisisfurtherdividedintothreetypes.
1. OnetoOne:Thistypeofrelationshipisrarelyseeninrealworld.

Theaboveexampledescribesthatonestudentcanenrollonlyforonecourseandacoursewillalsohave
onlyoneStudent.Thisisnotwhatyouwillusuallyseeinrelationship.
2. OnetoMany:Itreflectsbusinessrulethatoneentityisassociatedwithmanynumberofsameentity.For
example,StudentenrollsforonlyoneCoursebutaCoursecanhavemanyStudents.

Thearrowsinthediagramdescribesthatonestudentcanenrollforonlyonecourse.
3. ManytoMany:

Theabovediagramrepresentsthatmanystudentscanenrollformorethanonecourses.

RecursiveRelationship
WhenanEntityisrelatedwithitselfitisknownasRecursiveRelationship.

TernaryRelationship
RelationshipofdegreethreeiscalledTernaryrelationship.

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