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Words
Example
>
<
greater than
x2 + 3x > 2
7x2 < 28
5 x2 x
2y2 + 1 7y
less than
greater than or equal to
less than or equal to
Solving
Solving inequalities is very like solving equations ... we do most of the same
things.
Example: x2 x 6 < 0
x2 x 6 has these simple factors (because I wanted to make it easy!):
(x+2)(x3) < 0
(x+2)(x3) = 0
x = 2 or x = +3
At x=0: x2 x 6 = 0 0 6
= 6
x2 x 6 < 0
in the interval
(2, 3)
Because the line does not cross through y=0, it must be either:
always > 0, or
always < 0
So all we have to do is test one value (say x=0) to see if it is above or below.
a to b,
a
, or a : b.
b
When ratios are used in comparing units of measure, the units should be the same.
1 3
2 6
a c
b d
(b 0, d 0),
In the proportion
a, b, c, and d are the terms of the proportion. The a and d terms are called the
extremes and the b and c terms are called the means.
, then
(1
)
where
is a so-called minor of
"crossed out."
(2
)
The procedure can then be iteratively applied to calculate the minors in terms of subminors, etc. The factor
sometimes absorbed into the minor as
is
(3
)
in which case
is called a cofactor.
(4
)
where
and
where xi are the unknowns of the system or the entries of X, and the
matrix Ai is obtained from A by replacing the ith column by the
column B. In other words, we have
. This
Note that it is easy to see that z=0. Indeed, the determinant which
gives z has two identical rows (the first and the last). We do
encourage you to check that the values found for x, y, and z are
indeed the solution to the given system.
Remark. Remember that Cramer's formulas are only valid for linear systems with an
invertible matrix coefficient.