Meddy/IPGKDRI-2014

NOTA PERGERAKAN ASAS

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Definitions of Locomotor movements on the Web:

movements that travel from one location to another.

Movements that travels from place to place, usually identified by

weight transference on the feet. Basic locomotor steps are the walk,
run, sliding, hop and jump and the irregular rhythmic combination of the
skip ( walk and hop ) and gallop ( walk and run ).

Definitions of Non- locomotor movements on the Web:

movements that do not travel ;
moving or balancing on the spot.

Also called axial;

movement that is performed around the axis of the body rather than
designed for travel from place to place, such as bend and stretch,
push and pull, rise and sink, swing and sway, twist and turn, shake;also
called axial movements.
Tidak melibatkan pergerakan tapak sokongan:(kedudukan setempat)
eg. membongkok, meregang, memusing, menghayun, rebah, bangkit,
menolak, menarik, mengimbang badan, berbuai-buai.

Kemahiran Manipulatif :
Ia melibatkan kemahiran memanipulasikan peralatan atau objek
( seperti pundi kacang, bola, gelung, tali, kayu dan sebagainya).
Jika anda diberi bola, apa yang anda boleh lakukan dengan bola tersebut ?
Contoh: melambung dan menyambut, membaling, memukul, menendang,
menggolek, melontar, melantun,

Perlakuan2 kemahiran di atas ini adalah penting sebagai

persediaan murid sekolah untuk mempelajari kemahiran asas
dalam sukan dan permainan di peringkat yang lebih tinggi.

Physical Education - Kindergarten

Meddy/IPGKDRI-2014

CONTENT AREA I :

Gymnastics and Tumbling

Goal 1.
The student will demonstrate the ability to achieve competency in many
movement forms while applying movement concepts and principles to the
development of motor skills in gymnastics and tumbling.
Movement Objectives The student will be able to:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.

Understand the concept of base of support and center of gravity.

Identify differences between fundamental locomotor and non-locomotor
movements.
Understand the relationship between skill development and practice.
Travel with control forward, backward, and sideways using a variety of locomotor
patterns and change directions quickly.
Move with awareness of others in general space.
Demonstrate a variety of the basic locomotor skills of walking, running, hopping,
jumping, galloping, sliding, and skipping.
Demonstrate a variety of basic non-locomotor movements of bending, pushing,
pulling, stretching, turning, twisting, swinging, swaying, rocking, balancing, and
rolling.
Demonstrate use of movement concepts to directions, levels, pathways, and effort
while performing locomotor skills.
Demonstrate and understand 1-2 critical features of basic locomotor, nonlocomotor, and manipulative skills.

Goal 2.
The student will demonstrate the ability to achieve a physically active lifestyle
and maintain a health-enhancing level of physical fitness.
Fitness Objectives The student will be able to:
a. Identify physiological signs of moderate physical activity.
b. Identify major muscles and bones in the human body.
c. Demonstrate knowledge of flexibility and perform exercises that enhance proper flexibility in
a variety of muscle groups.
d. Demonstrate knowledge of flexibility through warm-up activities and perform exercises that
enhance proper flexibility in a variety of muscle groups.

Goal 3.
The student will demonstrate the ability to show responsible, personal and social behavior
in physical activity settings, understand and respect differences among
people in physical settings, and conclude that physical activity provides the opportunity for
enjoyment, challenges, self-expression, and social interaction.

Attitude Objectives The student will be able to:

a. Examine rules for participating in the physical activity setting.
b. Recognize the joy of participating.

Meddy/IPGKDRI-2014

Page 2

CONTENT AREA II:

Rhythms and Dance

Goal 1.
The student will demonstrate the ability to achieve competency in many
movement forms while applying movement concepts and principles to the
development of motor skills in rhythms and dance.
Movement Objectives The student will be able to:
a. Identify differences between fundamental locomotor & non- locomotor movements.
b. Understand the relationship between skill development and practice.
c. Travel with control forward, backward, and sideways using a variety of locomotor
patterns and change directions quickly.
d. Move with awareness of others in general space.
e. Demonstrate a variety of the basic locomotor movements of walking, running,
hopping, jumping, galloping, sliding, and skipping.
f. Demonstrate a variety of basic non-locomotor movements of bending, pushing,
pulling, stretching, turning, twisting, swinging, swaying, rocking, balancing, & rolling.
g. Demonstrate use of movement concepts to directions, levels, pathways, and effort
while performing locomotor skills.
h. Demonstrate and understand 1-2 critical features of basic locomotor, nonlocomotor, and manipulative skills.

Goal 2.
The student will demonstrate the ability to achieve a physically active lifestyle
and maintain a health-enhancing level of physical fitness.
Fitness Objectives The student will be able to:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Identify physiological signs of moderate physical activity.

Recognize two appropriate signs on the body to monitor the heart rate.
Sustain moderate to vigorous physical activity for short periods of time.
Demonstrate knowledge of flexibility through warm-up activities and perform
exercises that enhance proper flexibility in a variety of muscle groups.

Goal 3.
The student will demonstrate the ability to show responsible, personal and social
behavior in physical activity settings, understand and respect differences among
people in physical settings, and conclude that physical activity provides the
opportunity for enjoyment, challenges, self-expression, and social interaction.

Attitude Objectives The student will be able to:

a. Examine rules for participating in the physical activity setting.
b. Recognize the joy of participating.

Meddy/IPGKDRI-2014

Page 3

CONTENT AREA III:

Games and Sports

Goal 1.
The student will demonstrate the ability to achieve competency in many
movement forms while applying movement concepts and principles to the
development of motor skills in games and sports.
Movement Objectives The student will be able to:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Understand the concept of base of support and center of gravity.

Identify differences between fundamental locomotor & non-locomotor ovements.
Understand the relationship between skill development and practice.
Travel with control forward, backward, and sideways using a variety of locomotor
patterns and change directions quickly.
e. Move with awareness of others in general space.
f. Demonstrate a variety of the basic locomotor skills of walking, running, hopping,
jumping, galloping, sliding, and skipping.
g. Demonstrate a variety of basic non-locomotor movements of bending, pushing,
pulling, stretching, turning, twisting, swinging, swaying, rocking, balancing, and
rolling.
h. Demonstrate use of movement concepts to directions, levels, pathways, and effort
while performing locomotor skills.
i. Demonstrate and understand 1-2 critical features of basic locomotor, nonlocomotor, and manipulative skills.

Goal 2.
The student will demonstrate the ability to achieve a physically active lifestyle
and maintain a health-enhancing level of physical fitness.
Fitness Objectives The student will be able to:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Identify physiological signs of moderate physical activity.

Identify major muscles and bones in the human body.
Demonstrate knowledge of flexibility and perform exercises that enhance
proper flexibility in a variety of muscle groups.
Demonstrate knowledge of flexibility through warm-up activities and perform
exercises that enhance proper flexibility in a variety of muscle groups.

Goal 3.
The student will demonstrate the ability to show responsible, personal and social
behavior in physical activity settings, understand and respect differences among
people in physical settings, and conclude that physical activity provides the
opportunity for enjoyment, challenges, self-expression, and social interaction.

Attitude Objectives The student will be able to:

a.
b.

Examine rules for participating in the physical activity setting.

Recognize the joy of participating.

Meddy/IPGKDRI-2014

Monday, Jan 28, 2008

Fundamental Movement K-1

Locomotor Skills
Galloping
a. Definition: Moving forward in uneven rhythm, with same foot leading
b. Analysis:
1. Slide one foot forward, close with other foot
2. Continue with same foot always leading
Hopping
a. Definition: springing upward on one foot
b. Analysis:
1. Spring lightly upward, taking off with ankle extension and landing lightly on the ball of the boot
2. Knees and arms are relaxed
Standing jump
a. Definition: Spring from the ground, taking off with one or both feet, and landing on both feet
b. Analysis:
1. The knees and hip joints are flexed and the arms swing backward
2. Swing both arms forward and upward as the knees and ankles extend
3. Land lightly on two feet, bending the knees and ankles to cushion the shock of landing
Running
a. Definition: Moving at a rapid pace with springing steps so that, for an instant during each step, both
feet are off the ground.
b. Analysis:
1. The chest is up and the body is bent slightly
2. The toes and the ball of the foot make light contact with running surface for an easy, relaxed run
3. The arms are kept close to the body. They swing forcibly with the elbows constantly bent. The feet
are parallel and the knees move in the line of direction
Skipping
a. Definition: Bouncing lightly with alternate steps and hops
b. Analysis:
1. The skip is a step hop, with the step being the long count and the hop a short count
2. Spring from the topes and land on the ball of the foot
3. Knees and arms are relaxed
Sliding
a. Definition: Moving in a sideward direction with same foot always leading
b. Analysis:
1. A long step is taken to the side on one foot, bringing the second foot up to the first one
2. Spring lightly from the toe and land on the ball of the foot

Meddy/IPGKDRI-2014

Dodging
a. Definition: Moving quickly to evade or mislead an opponent, or to avoid being hit by the ball or
other object
b. Analysis:
1. The body bends slightly forward, with bent knees and the weight evenly divided on both feet
2. Move by shifting weight from one side to the other, by a jumping motion, by a change of pace, or
by faking in one direction and going in another.
3. Keep eyes on target
Walking
a. Definition: Moving one foot at a time, at a moderate pace, lifting one foot only after the other has
touched the ground
b. Analysis:
1. The weight comes down on the center of the heel first and transfers, in a rocking motion, to the toes
of the foot
2. Push off strongly until the tips of the toes point toward the floor. As the push-off is made from the
rear leg, the knee should bend
3. Swing the leg freely from the hip with the ankle relaxed so that the toes point down toward the floor
as the leg comes forward
4. Just before the foot comes in contact with the floor, the heel is lowered and the knee is straightened.
5. When the shoulders are relaxed, the arms will swing freely and naturally
6. Keep the feet parallel and close together

Non-Locomotor Skills
1. Standing (posture)
a. Definition: Assuming an upright position with the weight supported on the feet
c. Analysis
1. Stand tall
2. Standing position should be erect but not stiff
3. When standing with the weight on one or the other foot, the body weight should be centered over
both feet
4. Knees should be straight but relaxed and not in a locked position
2. Twisting and turning
a. Definition:
1.Twisting is a rotation of the body or any part of the body while maintaining a stable base of support
2.Turning is a partial or total rotation of the body and a shifting of the base of support
b. Teaching Suggestions:
1. Maintain balance while twisting parts of the body
2. Encourage performance of full turn of body
3. Turning body a quarter, half or full turn to right, then to the left
4. Turning body to music
5. Turning to pantomime movements, e.g., tops, doors, washing machine, etc.
6. Let children experiment with all parts of the body to see how many different parts of the body as
well as the number of combinations they can twist
7. Twist to pantomime movements, e.g., trees and wind

Meddy/IPGKDRI-2014

3. Swinging and Swaying

a. Definition
1. Swinging is a pendular movement with the axis of support above the moving parts
2. Swaying is the same type of movement with the support below the moving parts
b. Teaching suggestions
1. Increase flexibility to ensure swing or sway through the full range of movement
2. Encourage graceful and continuous movements
3. Swing arms forward and backward and side to side
4. Sway arms overhead in frontward, backward and sideward directions
5. Repeat (1) with legs
6. Swing or sway various parts of body in pantomime. Example: Sway like a tree, windshield wiper,
etc. Change tempo with each pantomime movement

4. Bending and stretching

a. Definition: Bending is a flexing any or all parts of the body, whereas stretching is extending the
same. Both movements may be done in a relaxed or vigorous fashion and with even or uneven
rhythm.
b. Teaching suggestions:
1. Encourage pupils to bend or stretch to full range of movement
2. Bend and stretch different parts of body; e.g., arms, legs, trunk
3. Imitate things that bend or stretch; e.g., tree, snake, dog, etc.
4. Assume different sitting or lying positions and explore different bending and stretching movements
5. Bend one part of body (arms) while stretching the other (legs).
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