Roll No: 14MST1019

Name: Ramya A

POLMER COMPOSITES IN CIVIL APPLICATIONS

Polymer is a macromolecular material with a very high molecules weight substance. These
are classified into three types 1. Linear Only one direction and densely packed 2. Branched
Dense pack is not possible 3. Cross linked example as in the form of ladder. Used
extensively in the construction mainly for non-structural application such as sealants,
adhesives, admixtures, repair and interior finishing. In the past polymers were used in the
ancient construction. The following are mentioned Bitumen + sand used in the walls in
Babylon, Rice paste + lime mortar used in the Great Wall of China, Rice husk+ lime + cow
dung used in the Ajantha caves, Romans used animal fat, milk & blood
Polymer composites in construction: Replacement of conventional materials, use of FRP
composites in structural applications. As admixture like Plasticizers- Mixing is easier with
less amount of water. Eg: Lignin, naphthalene, melamine sulfonate. Water reducing agentsEg: Lignosulfonic acid & salts, hydroxylated polymers, sulfonated melamine, hydroxylated
and carboxylic acid. Viscosity modifying agent (VMA) Eg: High molecular weight
Polysaccharides Construction of polymers in the textile industry such as glass, PVC,
Polyester, carbon consuming more than 280000 tons, 100000 tons and not significant
respectively. Advantage of replacement of conventional materials possess high strength that
is nothing but flexural strength is much better than concrete, improved durability, corrosion,
water permeability, replacement of areas such as manholes (drain pipes), sealants, building
panel, and roofing.
FRP Materials: a. Polymer matrix- vinyl esters are usually preferred to FRP embedded
concrete application, Epoxies- for all external strengthening application. Fibres is glass fibreused in common application, Carbon fibre is used in the weight structural application, Aramid
fibre is used for high performance structural application. Tailorable, durability, good fatigue
perform versatile fabrication. In the structural engineering: Piles are used widely in marine
application
PCC Polymer cement composite: Major problems are SBR (styrene butadiene rubber),
acrylics, vinyl polymer and epoxy polymers. PCC is classified into three types. They are
Polymer Modified Concrete: Polymer latex is used. Compressive strength comes down and
flexural strength increases Common latexes SBR which shows that there is no interaction
with cement form a film around cement particles, slow development of strength. Acrylonitrile
latex- undergoes interaction does not enhance with strength parameters. Possible polymer
powder is added and acts as filler. Hence occupy a fine coarse. The size of the particle
powder is ranging from 1-micro metre. Water soluble Polymer is tending to reduce leaching
of PV alcohol.
Methodology & Mechanism: P+C+S+W It delays the hydration rate. When you add
polymer it take care of amount of water, humid condition and curing. It takes 90 days to

complete the strength. Once mixing has done. Results in the form of partial deposit of
polymer particles, cement hydration, film floatation. Mixture of cement gel and unhydrate
cement particle enveloped with a close packed layer and hence became hardened structure.
Merits: Reduce the W/C ratio, Increase the bond strength between old and new concrete
during repair works, Increase the chemical resistance and strength parameters, PMC on
exposure to sea water, OPC it gets perforated and results in the surface deterioration. PMC it
takes 180 days exposed to sea water, still withstand and sustain. Applications: Waterproofing,
flooring and bridge deck etc.
PIC Polymer Impregnated concrete & Role: Impregnation efficiency of monomers is
depending upon initiator and cross linking, degree of conversion of monomers to polymers,
Polymer impregnation depth and loading. The major role has to reinforce cement, strength
the cement aggregate and reinforce the microscope. The various methods are used for the
preparation of PIC; they are Conventional by thermal method, Vacuum Degassing
&Ultrasonic.
Preparation of PIC:
Precast concrete
Water
Drying
Pore
Impregnation
Monomer
Polymerisation

PIC
Merits: Strength parameter, chemical composition is very good; no interaction between
polymer and hardened concrete fills up the micro cracks. PIC: Industrial applications were
done in Korea. For the purpose of road boundary material & drain water works.
PC & PM: This is mixture consists of Polymer, filler, aggregate and other material. Merits
are increased bond strength, Freeze and thaw, Acts as filler such as Caco, Sio2 flow, fly ash.
Hardness rapidly. Strength of PM depends on the strength of aggregate, Shows excellent
adhesion, Chemical resistance, super impact, abrasion resistance and electrical resisting
properties.