......................PURPOSE OF SECONDARY AIR INJECTION(FOR BEGINNERS).............

No matter what automotive marketing geniuses tell you, engines simply can't run with 100 percent
efficiency. So, there is always some portion of unburned fuel (known as hydrocarbons) that does not get
converted to engine power during the combustion process (which takes place in the induction chamber,
which is essentially the "primary" air injection system, even though no one really calls it that). These
hydrocarbons are then simply churned out with the rest of the exhaust gases. This is due to a messy,
imprecise, fluctuating combination of inevitable mechanical imperfection in mass-produced engine
components, variations in fuel quality, environmental factors, driving conditions, and the overall condition
of the car. Since hydrocarbons are the component of fuel that makes power, and they are also one of the
toxins measured to determine a car's emissions levels, it's important that they're burned as much as
possible.
Thus, the secondary air injection system is there to help clean up the leftovers. The air injection smog pump
pushes air into the exhaust system right after the exhaust manifold, to help intercept and burn those
unburned fuels. The system is critical to help cars achieve government emissions standards. So, the law says
you need a secondary air injection system.
MORE SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION....
It is well known that the engine-out exhaust gas composition varies substantially with engine air/fuel
ratio.when the engine is operated with a richer stochiometric mixchure,hydrogen and carbon monooxide
will be produced and exhausted into the exhaust stream.The conc. of hydrogen and CO into the exhaust
gases rise steadily as the mixture gets reacher.injecting secondary air into the exhaust port, which allows
the secondary air to mix and react with these reactants(H2,CO,HC) produced during fuel rich
operation,leads to an exothermic reaction in the exhaust system.The reaction can effectively reduce HC
emissions inside the exhaust manifold and simultaneusly accelerate the heating process of the catalytic
converter following a cold start of gasoline engines.

NON-ACTIVATED VERSION
www.avs4you.com

At first thought ,secondary air is rather a straight forward method of combating cold engine start emmisions
,but it does require some caeful optimisation nonetheless.the reason is that the physical coling imparted by
cold air entering the exhaust stream runs counter to the chemical heating imparted by the oxidaton of
exhaust gases.Heating the secondary air prior to injection is one method ,but this does not appear to have
ben widely adopted.Much then rests on the position of injection.If injection takes place at tthe exhaust
ports, the the exhaust is usually still hot enough for the chemical energy to be generated by homogenous
gas phase reactions.THe chemical energy released in this way may easily out weigh the cooling effect.
A TYPICAL SAI DIGRAM...

ANOTHER DIGRAM....

NON-ACTIVATED VERSION
www.avs4you.com

EXCERPTS FROM FORUMS...

QUESTION---OK, my understanding of SAI is secondary air injection, which adds air to the exhaust after the
manifold to help burning of unburned fuel that made it out of the engine. Seems to make sense.Why do
people remove it? Or block it off? What advantages are there to this? Do you only do this when you change
the exhaust?
I see that downloadable tunes are designed to work with SAI removed...

Thanks!
ANSWER---The only advantage of blocking it off is one less item to fail
The advantage of removing it is simplicity - slight weight saving (minimal), less clutter around the cam cover
and, once again, one less item to fail. Main advantage seems to be much lower exhaust temps.
Some claim it improves the power characteristics but to me that seems a dubious claim since SAI occurs
after exhaust has left the combustion chamber so where's the extra torque/power coming from?
Others have reported a reduction of popping on deceleration. That I can believe although excessive
popping, to the extent of backfiring, would likely be associated with incorrect fueling that should be
corrected even if SAI is removed.
Disadvantages of removing it - one or two owners (of Speed Triples) have reported a heavy exhaust smell
coming back onto luggage or passenger clothing. I suspect, similar to the decel popping, that may be a result
of incorrect mixture on overrun but I have no experience of that symptom.
IMPORTANT LINKS SHOWING PICTURE ATTACHED METHODS TO REMOVE SAI...
https://sites.google.com/site/stoyneff/engine-general/removing-the-sai-secondary-air-injection-system
FOR ymaha zf6r...

NON-ACTIVATED VERSION
www.avs4you.com

http://www.r6messagenet.com/forums/r6-how-guides/29697-how-completely-remove-ais.html