HINDI ALPHABET, NUMBERS, WORDS,

EXPRESSIONS
Copyright 2007
By Mason Emerson

THE HINDI ALPHABET

The symbol . means that a vowel has retroflexion, that is, the tongue is curled up and back. The following is a
list of basic alphabet letters. There are more, especially so for combinations of letters, but these are basic.
Hindi is written from left to right as with English.

a but

aa (ma)

bh

ch

chh

d.

the extra -hmeans it is

extra breathy

dh (the)

dh.

ei (reign)

gh

i (it)

ii (green)

jh

kh

ksh

n.

sh

shh

t.

th (thin)

th.

uu

am (nasalized
but)

ah

the letter h
is sounded

THE NUMBERS SYSTEM

zero,
shunii

one,
ek

two,
do

three,
teen

four,
char

five
panch

six,
chhah

seven,
saat

eight,
aath

nine,
nao

SOME BASIC WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

Some of the words have synonyms just as English does. For example, English
speakers can use bathroom, restroom, lavatory etc; and the same is, as said,
also true for Hindi. This is a short glossary but enough for simple, survival or
Pidgin style communication.
Unas de las palabras tienen sinonimas precisamente como ingles los tiene. Por
ejemplo habladores de ingles puede usar bao, retrete, servicios etcetera; y lo
mismo es, como ya dicho, lo que ocurre en indi. Esto es un glosario breve pero
suficiente para la comunicacion sencilla o de nivel que es superviviencia o
pidgin.
a = This is not used in Hindi but you can substitute with one which is ek.
No se usa esta palabra en Hindi pero puede sustituir con uno que es
ek.
again = de nuevo, otra vez = phira
already = pahale se
also = tambien = isii prakaara
and = y = vaa, aura
bathroom = bao = toilet, taayalat, snaan-ghar, gusl-khaana
beautiful = hermoso = sundara
because = porque = kyoNki
big = grande = badaa
but = pero = parantu, kintu
cold = frigido = thaNdaa
come = venir = aanaa
day = dia = din
down = abajo de = niiche
food = comida, alimento = ahara, bhojana, khana
hello = hola = namaskaar,
go = ir = jaanaa
good = bueno = achhaa
goodbye = adios = namaskaar
he = el = veh
hot = caldo = garma
house = casa = ghara
how much = cuanto = kitne
I = yo = maiN
in = en = bhiitarii

love, like = amar, gustarse = pasanda karanaa

man = hombre = admi
many = muchos = bahuta
money = dinero = paisaa
more = mas = dyaadaa
much = mucho = bahut
must = tener que = chaahiyenaa
name = nombre = naam
no = no = na
not = no = nahiN
open = abierto = khulaa
one = uno = ek
or = o = yadi, agara
please = por favor = kripyaa
possible = posible = hone yogya,karane yogya
rain (noun) = llueve = varshaa
road, street, path = camino = sadaka, maarga, patha, raastaa
see = ver = dekhnaa (kh as in Scottish loch or German ach a sound
like a rasped clearing of the throat),
speak = hablar = bolnaa
thanks = gracias = shukriyaa
that = eso = vah (the final H is pronounced)
the = el (el hombre) = This is not used in Hindi but you can
substitute with that. Este no se usa en indi pero lo puede sustituir con
eso.
therefore, so = por lo tanto = isalie,isa kaarana se
they = ellos = voh
time = tiempo (hora) = samaya
town = pueblo = kasbaa, nagara, pura
understand = comprender = samajhanaa
very = muy = atyaNta
want (desire) = querer = chaahanaa
water = agua = paanii
we = nosotros = ham
what = que = kyaa
where = donde = kahaan
woman = mujer = aurat
work (verb) = trabajar = parishrama karanaa
yes = s = haN
you = aap (formal), tu (for people you are familiar with)

BINGO ACTIVITY CARD

To make extra cards, simply copy-cut-and-paste the words into
different squares. Besides using words, you can make cards for
alphabet letters.
Para hacer mas tarjetas, puede copiar-cut-and-paste las palabras en
cuadras diferentes. Ademas de usar palabras, puede hacer tarjetas
para letras del alfabeto.
money =
paisaa

go = jaanaa

what = kyaa much=

bahut

where =
kahaan

that = vah

please =
kripyaa

water =
paanii

day = din,

food =
ahara,
bhojana,
khana

man = admi good =

achhaa

you = aap

down =
niiche

must =
he = veh
chaahiyenaa

already =
pahale se

yes = haN

how much = yes = haN

kitne

more =
dyaadaa

I = maiN

we = ham

goodbye =
namaskaar

see =
dekhnaa

GRAMMAR POINTERS
The usual word order in Hindi is subject-object-verb as contrasted
to subject-verb-object in English. Therefore, instead of I see him,
Hindi uses I him see. Instead of prepositions, Hindi uses
postpositions. This means instead of in that house, Hindi uses
that house in.
La orden normal de palabras en indi es subjecto-objecto-verbo en
contraste con subjecto=verbo=objecto en ingles (y espaol). Por lo
tanto, en lugar de I see him (Yo veo a+el), indi usa I him see (Yo
a+el veo). En vez de preposiciones, indi usa postposiciones. Esto
significa que en vez de en esa casa, indi usa esa casa en.
Those who want to learn the grammar in detail will have to
memorize conjugations of verbs and also memorize genders,
numbers and case declensions of nouns. However, if your objective
is to speak basic or survival level Hindi, then what you learn here
may be enough.
Los que quieren aprender la gramatica en detalle tienen que
memorizar conjugaciones de verbos ademas de memorizar generos,
numeros y declinaciones de casos gramaticales de sustantivos. Sin
embargo, si su objectivo es hablar indi de nivel basico o para
sobrevivr, entonce lo que aprende aqui tal vez es suficiente.

LEARN MORE
http://sanskritdocuments.org/hindi/dict/eng-hin-itrans.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi#Grammar

http://onlinenewspapers.com/india.htm