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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Acknowledgement
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our dearest lecturers Mr. Patric Weerasinghe,
Mr. A.K Andaraweera, Mr. Hayesha Somaratne, Ms. Damitha Rajani, Ms. Gayani Konara, Ms.
Uthpala Rathnayake and Ms. Nazeer Fathima Sabrina for enlightening us by giving a wise
knowledge regarding the subject and related areas. Their guidance has being a great help for us
to finish this report successfully .
Moreover we thank the librarian and the senior students who helped us in finding resources to
make this project more meaningful and we would like to appreciate the support given by our
own batch mates. Finally we thank our parents who always stood behind and helped to make this
effort a success.
Here this course work is acknowledged to the Department of building Economics in the
University of Moratuwa as to show our gratitude to above professionals and future professionals.
Your acceptation will be courage to our career in this field of Quantity Surveying.

Department of Building Economics

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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Contents
Acknowledgement............................................................................................................................i
List of figures.................................................................................................................................iii
List of tables...................................................................................................................................iii
1.

Introduction..............................................................................................................................1

TASK 01..........................................................................................................................................2
2.

Proposal of the computer network system...............................................................................2


2.1.

Router...............................................................................................................................4

2.2.

Switch...............................................................................................................................4

2.3.

Access points....................................................................................................................4

2.4.

Firewall.............................................................................................................................5

2.5.

Service provider................................................................................................................5

2.6.

Topology...........................................................................................................................5

2.7.

Operating system..............................................................................................................5

2.8.

Software............................................................................................................................5

2.9.

IP address used in the networking system........................................................................6

2.10.

Printer and photocopy machine....................................................................................7

Task 02............................................................................................................................................8
3.

Access controlling system........................................................................................................8


3.1.

Access controlling by proxy settings................................................................................8

3.2.

Access controlling by firewall system..............................................................................8

3.3.

Access controlling by user authorization..........................................................................9

3.4.

Using network filters........................................................................................................9

3.5.

Access controlling by server machine............................................................................10

3.6.

Access controlling by anti-virus software......................................................................11

Task 03..........................................................................................................................................12
4.

Maintenance of the selected equipments...............................................................................12

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BE 2206-Services III

5.

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

4.1.

Routers............................................................................................................................12

4.2.

Switches..........................................................................................................................13

4.3.

Cables.............................................................................................................................13

4.4.

Computers.......................................................................................................................14

4.5.

Wireless access...............................................................................................................14

4.6.

Firewall...........................................................................................................................14

4.7.

Server..............................................................................................................................15

Initial Cost details..................................................................................................................16

Task 04..........................................................................................................................................17
6.

Layout drawings.....................................................................................................................17

7.

Conclusion.............................................................................................................................17

8.

References..............................................................................................................................18

9.

Contribution...........................................................................................................................18

List of figures
Figure 1 : Network arrangement for ground floor of the NEW BUILDING..................................7
Figure 2 : Access control by a firewall............................................................................................9
Figure 3: Filtering software...........................................................................................................10
Figure 4: Access control by antivirus programs............................................................................11

List of tables
Table 1: floor levels and equipments in each floor.........................................................................2
Table 2 : Switches used in each floor level.....................................................................................4
Table 3 : IP addressed used for computers......................................................................................6
Table 4: Cost data for the proposed network system.....................................................................16

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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Department of Building Economics

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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

1. Introduction
This report is expressed the propose of a wireless computer networking setup for the Department
of Building Economics which has a wired networking system. This network setup will be
provide its service to academic non academic staff, student and administration staff of the
department. Basically computer network is a telecommunication network which allows
computers to swap data. Networking is the term which describes the processes involved in
designing, implementing, upgrading, managing and otherwise working with networks and
network technologies.
If consider the layout of the networking system a network connects computers via cabling
systems, specialized software and devices. Wireless is a modern alternative to traditional wired
networking. That relies on cables to connect networkable devices together. Generally wireless
technologies are widely used in both home and business computer networks. In computer
networks, network nodes distribute data to each other along data connections. The connections
between nodes are established using either cables or wireless media. Properties of a computer
network are Allows to share information, Facilitate inter personal communication, Allow sharing
of network and computing resources.
Other thing is most diagrams that are drawn to describe a physical network are topological,
rather than geographic. The symbols on these diagrams usually denote network links and
network nodes. A network comprises with network interface controller card, repeaters, hubs,
switches, routers, etc. Furthermore network security is essential when designing a computer
network system. Network security is the authorization of access to data in a network, which is
controlled by the network administrator.
In this report, a computer network system is designed to the Department of Building Economics
in order to provide a secured and efficient management of time and resources comprising of
wireless connectivity with the premises, access control and security and also a layout plan of the
system is provided. Equipment required for a particular system is varying from each project.
Final thing in this report is most suitable elements are identified by comparing initial cost,
maintenance cost, maintenance procedure and other parameters which affect the success of the
project.

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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

TASK 01
2. Proposal of the computer network system
According to the scenario the management of the Department of Building Economics,
University of Moratuwa has to upgrade the existing wired computer networking system to a
wireless networking setup. When designing the computer system the following factors should
have to consider as a specialized consultancy team.

Location of the equipment installation is also considerable


Access points, software and application which should be installed and firewall setup

should do.
Number of users and type of uses
Number of routers, workstations, servers, switches , cables required
Access control and security system should be designed as this building is consisting of
lecture halls.

Wi-Fi is a radiated media which act as a communication media in a network system. Therefore
to fulfill the clients requirement we decided to develop the proposal and the below table
describes the assumed devices which are located in the five storey NEW BUILDING.

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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Table 1: floor levels and equipments in each floor

Fourth floor
Lecture hall (5A)
Third floor
Computer lab

Office room
Second floor
Lecture hall (measurement lab)
Printing room (BESS)

First floor
2A lecture hall
2A lecture hall
Ground floor
Lecture hall

Projector
computer

01
01

Main computer
computers
projector

01
45
01

computer

02

Computer
Projector
Computer
Photocopy machine
Printer

01
01
02
01
02

Projector
computer

01
01

Projector
computer

01
01

Projector
computer

01
01

Resource room

Printer
01
computers
02
scanners
01
Photocopy machine
01
According to above allocations summery can demonstrate as follows;
Summery
Total number of projectors

= 06

Total number of computers

= 57

Total number of printers

= 03

Total number of photocopy machines

= 02

Total number of scanners

= 01

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

We select the five floors as one network unit when proposing the network system.

2.1. Router
By considering above requirements we decided to install only one router for new building and
the type of the router is selected as Cisio. A router is eligible to transfer data among different IP
addressed devices. This device allows you to connect one or more computers to other computers,
network devices or to other devices.
2.2. Switch
Floor number
Switch type
Ground floor
8 port
First floor
4 port
Second floor
8 port
Third floor
50 port
Fourth floor
4 port
Among switch and a hub we selected to use network switches to connect devices (i.e computers,
printers, photocopy machines). That is because if we use a hub the system become slow due to
data clash with each other. Hubs do not support to transfer data to the exactly addresses
computer as switch does. So to connect the works stations (computers), printers and othr
available devices, switches have been used. In the market there we can identify switches which
have variety number of ports like 4, 8, and 16,28,48,50 and so on. As a consultancy team we
suggested to use one switch for each floor level.
The following table shows the allocation of switches
Table 2 : Switches used in each floor level

2.3. Access points


Wireless access points (APs or WAPs) are special-purpose communication devices on wireless
local area networks (WLANs). Access points act as a central transmitter and receiver of wireless
radio signals. We decided to use one access point for one floor level due to following reason;
Wi-Fi signals are not much able to travel through concrete panels. So to reduce the speed of the
access this decision is taken.

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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

2.4. Firewall
Firewall setup has arranged to block the unauthorized requests, passing through designated
traffic. It stands between a computer or network and the Internet and that helps to control the
access from a outside third party. The arrangement of the firewall has shown the figure 1
2.5. Service provider
The service provider is supported to access to the internet and in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Telecom
(SLT) is liable to act as a Internet Service Provider(ISP)
2.6. Topology
Network topology is the name given to the way in which the devices (called nodes) are
connected in network. Among many topologies like ring, tree, bus , star, peer to peer ; start
topology is suggested for our network system.
Thus a star network promotes to connect all the devices to a central point. In this system switch
is work as the central point in each floor level.
2.7. Operating system
Windows 7 is nominated to install for the servers and machines because of following factors.

Easy to install
Cost free
Fabulous graphic supports
Less virus detector
User friendly

2.8. Software
The following special software applications are going to be installed as the users of this building
are quantity surveying students and facilities management students.

Auto CAD
Minitab
MS Project
MS office 2010
Adobe reader

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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

The other applications like internet browsers, virus guards are also installed in all these work
stations.
2.9. IP address used in the networking system
When it comes to IP addresses there are five main IP class types as class A, class B, class C,
class D and class E. Among these class types we decided to use class C type IP addresses (192
-223 range).
The appointed IP addresses for the computers are described in the below table
Table 3 : IP addressed used for computers

Ground floor
Resource room
Office room/lecture hall

192.168.10.1
192.168.10.3

192.168.10.2
-

First floor
2A lecture hall
2B lecture hall

192.168.10.4
192.168.10.5

Second floor
Measurement lab
BESS printing room

192.168.10.6
192.168.10.7

192.168.10.8

Third floor
Proposed Computer lab
Office room

192.168.10.1 0
192.168.10.55

192.168.10.54
192.168.10.56

Fourth floor
5A lecture hall

192.168.10.57

2.10.

Printer and photocopy machine

In here we suggested to use network printers and network photocopy machine which able to
connect to a switch and share for all the connected computers.
The all above described things are shown in the figure below. It shows the proposed arrangement
of network system for the Ground floor of the new building. The completed design
arrangement is attached at the rest of this document as a Auto CAD drawing.

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Figure 1 : Network arrangement for ground floor of the NEW BUILDING

BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

The access is controlled by arranging passwords to different users as lecturers, students,


academic staff and non academic staff. From that the access to the system is suggested to
restrict and the students of department of building economics are the liable students for the WiFi access within the new building premises.

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Task 02
3. Access controlling system
Access control is most important thing in designing of a wireless network system. Because it
denies in accessing of unauthorized people into the network. Also access controlling is a main
thing that a network should have in order to maintain a proper standard of a computer network.
Building Economics department has different types of users such as students, staff members,
non-academic staff etc. So it is easy to maintain the wireless network system by controlling
access.
3.1. Access controlling by proxy settings
Department of Building Economics has various types of computers. For each and every
computer have a proxy setting. It provides grouping capability of the computers in the network.
As an example, For computers in office may use a different set of proxy settings and student
used computers may set a different set of proxy settings. This grouping by proxy settings may
enable the network administrator to provide different user levels within the network.. So that
internet speed limitations, unwanted site blocking and setting band which is done by configuring
the proxy settings. And also proxy setting can protect the servers against harmful connections
such as improve the efficiency of data encryption and route data more efficiently across each
server in the group to prevent anyone from becoming overloaded. So the proxy settings provides
a good service to protect the wireless network system of the Department of Building Economics.
3.2. Access controlling by firewall system
A firewall is a software program or that helps screen out hackers, viruses, and worms that try to
reach your computer over the Internet. For the Department of Building Economics network, a
software firewall is proposed to install. a software firewall on each computer help to prevent
the spread of a virus in your network if one of the computers becomes infected. Firewall may
analyze incoming and outgoing data traffic and block the unwanted data packets. This process
may do with the help of fire wall policies. Following picture shows an example of software
firewall system.

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Figure 2 : Access control by a firewall

3.3. Access controlling by user authorization


Anyone can access to a wireless network system if there is no any restriction. So user
authorization, user names and passwords are used to give the authority to access the network
system it prevents accessing unauthorized users.In the wireless network system user names
andpasswords are set separately for students, academic and non-academic staff members. As an
example student can give their registration number as their user names. The usable perimeter of
the internet access point are designed and established appropriately. Otherwise wireless network
is much easy to access unauthorized person and it may be a problem to the safety of the network
system.
3.4. Using network filters
It is important to distinguish among different strategies for limiting access to Websites and
newsgroups. The simplest approach is to compile a list of URLs and newsgroups that are to be
blocked.Such a list must be continuously updated giventhe dynamic growth of the Internet. A
substantial number of individuals must beemployed to perform this function and must operate
under an agreed upon andclosely followed set of guidelines.
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BE 2206-Services III

Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Blocking/filtering software is a mechanism used to:

restrict access to Internet content, based on an internal databaseof the product, or;
restrict access to Internet content through a database maintainedexternal to the product

itself, or;
restrict access to Internet content to certain ratings assigned to those sites by a third party,

or;
restrict access to Internet content by scanning content, based on akeyword, phrase or text

string or;
Restrict access to Internet content based on the source of theinformation.
Following window shows an example for filtering software

Figure 3: Filtering software

3.5. Access controlling by server machine


This is the basic thing that how to control unauthorized accessing. The server will control the
whole network for the different user levels in Department of Building Economics. Mainly for the
students and for the staff, the IP addresses are used to identify the computers and the other
devices of the network. Because every machine has separate IP address.

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

3.6. Access controlling by anti-virus software


Not only for wireless computer system, but also any domestic or public computers have antivirus programs and anti-spyware programs. So the unwanted accessing, viruses and other
harmful programs are automatically detected.. And the spy ware will prevent hacking and
accessing outside people to the network.
There are various types of antispyware programs in the market.

Figure 4: Access control by antivirus programs

The above mentioned programs are most popular in the world. So we can select one program
and install to computers. But the main thing is whether these programs are working friendly with
windows operating systems or not.
Above mentioned access controlling devices and strategies may use in the Department of
Building Economics network system and it will enable the durability and the risk free operation
of the system.

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Task 03
4. Maintenance of the selected equipments
4.1. Routers
Although wireless networking is typically considered the most technologically advanced way of
networking computers there are substantial benefits to going with a purely wired network. And
also net connections are faster and more reliable than wireless connections, which can have their
speed drastically reduced by something as simple as the plumbing in a wall. Purely wired
networks are also more secure because there is no chance of someone intercepting the wireless
signal and cracking into the wireless routers security.
In the market there are more options when buying a wired router.

D-link DGL-4100 router,


TREND net 4-port broadband router
TW100-S4W1CA,
Cisco business dual WAN VPN router RV042,
Linksys Ether fast Broadband router BEFSR81

For our design we have chosen Cisco router and the initial cost is Rs 150000.
Maintenance Procedure
For optimum router performance, perform preventive maintenance procedures we can take
following actions.

Inspect the installation site for moisture, loose wires or cables, and excessive dust. Make
sure that airflow is unobstructed around the router and into the air intake vents.

Check the status-reporting devices on the craft interface: system alarms, LEDs, and LCD.

Inspect the air filters at the bottom front and left rear of the router. Do not run the router
for more than a few minutes without the air filters in place.
Check the air filters regularly for dust and debris. As a general guideline, its recommended that
we must replace the filter elements every 6 months for routers operating in a typical
environment. The filter elements degrade over time, and replacement intervals will vary by
operating environment.
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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

4.2. Switches

A switch filters the data packets, and only sends the packet to the port which is connected to the
destination address of that packet. For our design we have use .port server to the
Department of Building Economics.
Tp Link 8port 4poe Sf1008p switches,
D-Link Gigabit 8port 1008d
are some of the switches available in the market. For our design we have chosen D link brand
and TL SG 1008 type switches because it has energy saving technology which saves power up to
70% and, transfers data and power on one single cable. The cost data of switches are described
further at the end of this section.
Maintenance Procedure

Inspect the installation site for moisture, loose wires or cables, and excessive dust.

Check the status-reporting devices on the craft interfaceSystem alarms and LEDs.

Inspect the air filter at the left rear of the switch, replacing it every 6 months for optimum
cooling system performance.
4.3. Cables

CAT 5e copper Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cables are most popular cable in the market. For
the design we have chosen this CAT 5e copper Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cables and the
cost of 305m length is Rs.15900.
When clipping the cables we must consider the color codes of that cables. If not we cannot get
the proper access. Thus, testing confirms that the cable can perform properly based on proper
installation and the characteristics of the cable. Once a month we must check these cables to
identify whether there is any damage or not. If the cables are damaged due to insect attack or any
other reason we must replace those cables. Therefore regular inspection is required.
We can use these CAT 5e copper UTP cables more than.. year if we installed these cables
using conduits.

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

4.4. Computers
Initial cost of a computer is depends on the types of the pc use for building. Since this computers
for a lab, there can be use normal desk top computers which may cost around Rs35 000 to Rs
60000.Computer Maintenance is important, as it is the practice of keeping computers in a good
state of repair and there are a number of things that can be done to maintain computer.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Computer Cleaning - dust is a number one factor when it comes to computer faults
Hard Drive Maintenance
Updating Windows
Anti-Virus, Privacy & Security Software

Maintenance cost is varying with the type of maintenance. As example there is no cost for
computer cleaning other than the labors cost. Etc.
4.5. Wireless access
Initial cost of a Wireless access point is depends on the capacity of the data usage. There is no
complex Maintenance procedure. Maintenance is depends on the usability. Dust is a number one
factor which course for faults. So cleaning should be the best maintenance methods.
Durability of a Wireless access system is to be considered according to the safety factors. Such
as do not work on equipment or cables during periods of lightning activity, Power cord should
be used as a disconnection device.
4.6. Firewall
Firewall maintenance begins with its management. A firewall is part of a diversified defense
strategy that identifies what must be protected and identifies the potential threats. The most
important maintenance is periodically performing a tune-up in firewall .It will be able to fairly
evaluate the load firewall is taking and/or is capable of bearing and anticipate future problems or
issues.
That firewalls provide a wide variety of controls, but in the end they are only a tool. A firewall is
part of a diversified defense strategy that identifies what must be protected and identifies the
potential threats. It seems obvious, but there is more to protecting a network than hardware and
software.

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Security comes from the integration of reliable technology, active and alert systems
administrators, and management decisions regarding user access to the Internet and other
computer resources. For fire wall maintenance plan also requires following steps.
1. Back up all firewall components.
2. Watch the log reports of traffic passing through the firewall.
3. Make sure when adding new management accounts on a firewall
4. Monitors the system.
How much time you will have to allocate to care for firewall will vary. It will depend upon the
type of firewall installed, the assets protecting and the kind of Internet services and access which
may providing.
Durability of a Firewall is to be considered according to the safety factor.
4.7. Server
Server maintenance involves keeping a server updated and running so that a computer network
can operate smoothly.
Maintenance Procedure
A server maintenance plan requires several basic steps.
The administrator usually conducts a thorough examination of the network, including
checking
server log files
hard disk space
folder permissions, and redundancy
This review typically also includes monitoring network temperature applications to
ensure the server does not get too hot.
If a machine overheats, vital equipment like the central processing unit, memory, or
motherboard can be affected.
Maintenance cost is depends on the way it maintain.
Durability is very important. Single server durability isnt the best way to get true durability.
The right path to durability is replication (local and remote) and snapshot ting.

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

5. Initial Cost details


Table 4: Cost data for the proposed network system

Name

of

the Type of the machine

Number

Unit Rate (Rs)

Amount(Rs)

Computers

machines
HP pro 6300 MT intel 57

55000.00

3135000.00

Projectors

core i3- 3220


Viewsonic PSD5132

06

59900.00

359400.00

Printers

Cannon LBP 7100cn 03

37000.00

111000.00

02

40000.00

80000.00

machine

of

black, colour laser


copy Toshiba E-studio 166

Photo
machines
Scanners

Cannon PIXMA E 460

01

13900.00

13900.00

Wireless router

CISIO

01

150000.00

150000.00

05

34200.00

171000.00

Wireless

access CASIO Aironet 702 I

point
50 port switch

CISIO 5G200

01

27400.00

27400.00

4 port switch

D link

02

6750.00

13500.00

8 port switch

D link

02

7700.00

15400.00

Cables

Prolink CAT 5E(305m 04

15900.00

63600.00

length in one roll)


Total ( without labour cost)

Department of Building Economics

4140200.00

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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

Task 04
6. Layout drawings
The network arrangement is shown in a Auto CAD drawing and that has attached at the end of
the report.

7. Conclusion
Here we present the proposal for new wireless computer network system to Department of
Building Economics. A network is simply a connection of computers or other hardware devices
which are connected together, either physically or logically, using special hardware and software
to allow them to exchange information. Connectivity and communication, data sharing,
hardware sharing, internet access are identified as advantages and high initial setup costs ,
hardware and software management and administration costs, undesirable sharing are recognized
as disadvantages of computer network.
Equipment for computer network system and Access Control system should have to choose
according to the requirements and conditions. Selection of appropriate equipment should be
justified by comparing initial cost, maintenance cost, maintenance procedure and durability.
Equipment of computer network system is wireless access points, switches, routers, firewall
mainly.
Computer networks can be classified according to its topological/physical connectivity as Bus,
Star, Ring, Mesh and Tree. Bus topology is easy to set up and configure but it as weak signals.
Star topology requires more cables. Mesh topology is hard to set up and difficult to install. Tree
topology is easy implementation. Therefore when choosing a topology, requirements should be
considered.
There are number of access control systems such as system access controls, data access controls,
system and security administration, system design, etc. Software requirements are identified as
operating system language and supporting operating systems.
Finally here we have proposed a wireless computer network system to Department of Building
Economics by comparing initial cost, maintenance cost, maintenance procedure and other
parameters which effect the success of the of this new system.
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Wireless network system for department of Building Economics

8. References
Aruba networks. (n.d.). Access Points: 802.11ac & 802.11n Access Points | Aruba Networks.
Retrieved January 6, 2015, from http://www.arubanetworks.com/products/access-points/
FLUKE networks. (n.d.). WLAN Design, Analysis, and Security - Wireless Network Design,
Troubleshooting and Security | Fluke Networks. Retrieved January 8, 2015, from
http://www.flukenetworks.com/enterprise-network/wireless-design-analysis-andsecurity
L-com global connectavity. (n.d.). How to Design a Wireless Network | WiFi Network Design |
L-com.com.

Retrieved January 6,

2015,

from

http://www.l-

com.com/content/Article.aspx?Type=L&ID=10091

9. Contribution
Buddhika L.G.O

- Introduction, conclusion

Chathuranga T.V.K

- Task 04

Hapuarachchi H.N.M

-Task 01 (proposal) and cost details of the


design according to the proposal

Jayathilaka B.S

- Maintenance part

Madhushanka K.L.D

- Task 02 (Access control systems)

Department of Building Economics

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