2014 Nutrition Country Profile

www.globalnutritionreport.org

Indonesia
ECONOMICS AND DEMOGRAPHY
UNDER-5 MORTALITY RATE

POVERTY RATES AND GDP

US$1.25/day (%)

US$2/day (%)

85

8,438

8,027
54

46
18

1990

2000

POPULATION
52
34

2011

2013

Source: World Bank 2014.

Note: PPP=purchasing power parity.

38

84

9,254

16

2010

Gini index, 2011

Source: World Bank 2014.
Note: 0=perfect equality, 100=perfect inequality.

43

5,552

4,295

INCOME INEQUALITY

Deaths per 1,000 live births

GDP per capita

PPP ($)

1990

2000

31

2010

2012

Population (000)

246,864

Under-5 population (000)

24,622

2012
2012

Urban (%)

50

2010

>65 years (%)

2012

Source: UNPD 2013.

Source: UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation 2013.

CHILD ANTHROPOMETRY
PREVALENCE OF
UNDER-5 STUNTING (%)

CHILD ANTHROPOMETRY
Number of children under 5 affected (000)
Stuntinga

8,906

2013

Wastinga

3,303

2013

Overweighta

2,814

2013

40

CHANGES IN STUNTING PREVALENCE OVER TIME, BY WEALTH QUINTILE

39

36

29

Percentage of children under 5 affected

Wastinga

Data not available

14

2013

Severe wastinga

2013

Overweighta

12

2013

Low birth weightb

2007

Sources: aUNICEF/WHO/WB 2014; bUNICEF 2014.

2004

2007

2010

2013

Source: UNICEF/WHO/WB 2014.

Source: DHS surveys 19902011 adapted from Bredenkamp et al. 2014.

ADOLESCENT AND ADULT NUTRITION STATUS

ADOLESCENT AND ADULT ANTHROPOMETRY (% POPULATION)

MICRONUTRIENT STATUS OF POPULATION

Adolescent overweighta

10

2007

Adolescent obesitya

2007

Women of reproductive age, thinness

NA

NA

Women of reproductive age, short statureb

NA

NA

Women of reproductive age with anemiaa

Total population affected (000)
Total population affected (%)
Vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (%)b
Population classification of iodine nutrition
(age group 612)c

Sources: aWHO 2014; bDHS 2014.

Note: NA=not available.

Raised blood glucose

2011

23

2011

20

NA

Mild iodine deficiency

1996

Sources: aStevens et al. 2013; bWHO 2009; cWHO 2004.

Note: NA=not available.

METABOLIC RISK FACTORS FOR DIET-RELATED

NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, 2008 (%)
Raised blood pressure

15,308

Raised blood cholesterol

PREVALENCE OF ADULT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY, 2008 (%)

Overweight (BMI 25)

41

36

43
33

39

Male

7
Both sexes

7
Male

25

Female

38

Both sexes

Obesity (BMI 30)

7
16
3
21
5

Female
Source: WHO 2014.
Note: BMI=body mass index.

Source: WHO 2014.

WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY INDICATORS: PROGRESS AGAINST GLOBAL WHA TARGETS

Under-5 stunting, 2013

Under-5 wasting, 2013

Under-5 overweight, 2013

WRA anemia, 2011

Currently off course

Currently off course

Currently off course

Currently off course

Source: WHO 2014.

Notes: Currently it is only possible to determine whether a country is on or off course for four of the six WHA targets. The year refers to the most recent data available; on/off-course calculation is based on trend data.
WRA=women of reproductive age.

Indonesia

2014 Nutrition Country Profile

INTERVENTION COVERAGE AND CHILD-FEEDING PRACTICES

CONTINUUM OF CARE (%)

RATE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING

OF INFANTS UNDER 6 MONTHS (%)

INTERVENTION COVERAGE (%)

Severe acute malnutrition, geographic coveragea

Antenatal care (4+ visits), 2012 a

NA

NA

Vitamin A supplementation, full coverage

73

2012

Children under 5 with diarrhea receiving ORSb

39

2012

Immunization coverage, DTP3b

64

2012

Iodized salt consumptionb

62

2007

88
Skilled attendant at birth, 2012a

42

40

83

32
Initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth, 2010 a
29

Sources: aUNICEF/Coverage Monitoring Network/ACF International 2012; bUNICEF 2014.

Notes: ORS=oral rehydration salts; DTP3=3 doses of combined diphtheria/tetanus/
pertussis vaccine. NA=not available.

Continued breastfeeding at 1 year, 2012 a

INFANT AND YOUNG-CHILD FEEDING PRACTICES (% 623 MONTHS)

77
Unmet need for family planning, 2007b
13

20022003

2007

2012

Minimum acceptable diet

37

2012

Minimum dietary diversity

58

2012

Source: Indonesia DHS 2012.

Source: UNICEF 2014.

Sources: aUNICEF 2014; bUNPD 2014.

UNDERLYING DETERMINANTS
FOOD SUPPLY

GENDER-RELATED DETERMINANTS
Available calories
from nonstaples (%):
data for 1991, 2000,
2009

Undernourishment (%):
data for 1991, 2000,
2010, 2014

Availability of fruits and

vegetables (grams):
data for 1990, 2000,
2010, 2011
33

186

138

1991

298

266

20

2012

0.500

2013

103

2013

Gender Inequality Index (country rank)b

POPULATION DENSITY OF HEALTH WORKERS

PER 1,000 PEOPLE

11

2000

Gender Inequality Index (score*)b

2010

FEMALE SECONDARY
EDUCATION ENROLLMENT (%)

2014

43

Physicians

0.204

2012

Nurses and midwives

1.383

2012

NA

NA

Community health workers

Source: WHO 2014.
Note: NA=not available.

Source: FAOSTAT 2014.

84

79

Sources: aUNICEF 2014; bUNDP 2014.

Note: *0=low inequality, 1=high inequality.

28

27
22

Early childbearing: births by age 18 (%)a

1990

2000

2010

2012

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics 2014.

GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES (%)

IMPROVED DRINKING WATER COVERAGE (%)
Piped on premises
Other improved
4
18

63

60
9
1990

Improved facilities
Shared facilities

Unimproved
Surface water

6
24

IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (%)

2
13

15

21

2000

2012

14
8

18
7

Source: WHO/UNICEF JMP 2014.

7.6

Social protection
Agriculture

2.3
7.5

47

35
1990

22
9
10

31

40
64

Health
Education

Unimproved facilities
Open defecation

59

9.1

2012

2.4

1.7

1990

2000

4.9

2000

Source: WHO/UNICEF JMP 2014.

2010

2012

Source: IFPRI 2014.

FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND POLICY, LEGISLATION, AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

SCALING UP NUTRITION (SUN) COUNTRY
INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS, 2014 (%)
Bringing people into a shared space for action

POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS

44

National implementation of the International

Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutesa
Extent of constitutional right to food

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal framework

50

Maternity protection (Convention 183)c

Aligning actions around a common results framework

48

Wheat fortification legislationd

Financial tracking and resource mobilization

35

Undernutrition mentioned in national development plans and economic growth strategiese

Total weighted

44

Many provisions
law

2014

Medium-high

2003

Partial

2011

Mandatory

NA

Rank: 43/83

2010
2014

Sources: aUNICEF 2014; bFAO 2003; cILO 2013; dFFI 2014; eIDS 2014.
Note: NA=not available.

Source: SUN 2014.

For complete source information: www.Globalnutritionreport.org/about/technical-notes.

AVAILABILITY AND STAGE OF

IMPLEMENTATION OF GUIDELINES/
PROTOCOLS/STANDARDS FOR THE
MANAGEMENT OF NCDs
Diabetes

Available,
partially
implemented

2010

Hypertension

Available,
partially
implemented

2010

Source: WHO 2014.

Note: NCDs=noncommunicable diseases.

2014 International Food Policy Research Institute