Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Appendix 1: Definitions
Table A 1
AC
ACC
Act
Active Power
AGC Regulation
AGC
Agreements
Ancillary Service
Apparatus
ARC
0 of 65
NERC
Auxiliary
Availability
AVR
Black Start
Bulk
Power
Curtailment Index
Capability Curve
NERC
conditions.
Cautious Notice
CCGT
Code
Commission or NERC
Condition
Conditions Precedent
Confidential Information
Connection Point
Control Action
Control Area
2 of 65
NERC
Control Centre
CT
Day-ahead Price
DC
Demand
Demand Control
Demand Forecast
Desynchronise
Dispatch
Dispatch Day
3 of 65
NERC
Dispatch Instruction
Dispatch Period
Dispatch Schedule
Distribution Network
Distribution System
Distribution
Distributor
Eligible Customer
Emergency Generation
EMS
Energy
Equipment
ESI
Facility
Fault Level
4 of 65
NERC
Flicker
Force Majeure
Forced Outage
Frequency Control
Frequency
GRC
Generating Unit
Generator
GM
5 of 65
NERC
Governor Droop
Grid Code
Harmonics
High Voltage
Hot Line
HQ
HV
Hz
IEC
Imbalance Energy
6 of 65
NERC
Instructed
Quantities
Interconnection Agreement
Interconnection
Interconnector
Entitlement
Interconnector Energy Trade has the meaning assigned to that term in the Market
Nomination
Rules;
Interrupted
Energy means the factor that relates the customer losses
Assessment Rate (IEAR)
caused by electric power interruptions to the worth of
electric service Reliability,
Interruptible Load
Invoices
kV
means kilovolt;
kVA
means kilovolt-ampere;
Load
Load Factor
Load Shedding Severity Index means the annual expected duration of full load
curtailment and is measured in minutes;
Low Voltage
LV
Market Rules
7 of 65
NERC
Commission;
Medium Term Stage
Medium Voltage
Meter Data
Meter Quantity
Meter
Metered Value
Metering Installation
Metering Point
MVA
means megavolt-ampere;
MVAr
MVArh
MW
MWh
8 of 65
NERC
National
(NCC)
Control
NITEL
Node
Nomination
NNPC
N-1 Criteria
Operating Reserve
Operating Security
Operating State
Operational Planning
Outage
9 of 65
NERC
Participant
PAX
Planned Outage
Plant
PLC
PME
Point of Common Coupling means that point in the Power System that represents
(PCC)
the first shared equipment between two or more Users;
Power Station
Power System
Pre-dispatch Day
Protection scheme
10 of 65
NERC
Pre-Transitional Stage
Purchaser
Quantity Nomination
Quality of Supply
Quick Reserve
Reactive Power
Registered Capacity
Registered Information
Regulatory
Long
Transmission Plan
Reliability
The Grid Code-Version 01
NERC
Responsible Manager
RTU
Rules
SCADA
Secondary Regulation
Slow Reserve
SNCC
Spinning Reserve
Supervisory Control and Data means a system of remote control and telemetry used
Acquisition (SCADA)
to monitor and control the Transmission System;
Switched Voice Circuit
Synchronise
12 of 65
NERC
System Disturbance
System Minutes
System Operator
System Operator Controlled has the meaning assigned to that term in the Market
Grid
Rules;
System Stability
System Tests
Total Shutdown
Transitional Stage
13 of 65
NERC
TCN
System Operator Controlled has the meaning assigned to that term in the Market
Grid
Rules;
Transmission Constraint
Transmission
Criteria
Transmission System
Transmitter
Uninstructed
Quantities
Unplanned Outage
Uplift
Usage Charges
Users
Voltage Control
Voltage Dip
14 of 65
NERC
Voltage Reduction
Voltage Support
Voltage Unbalance
VT
15 of 65
NERC
(B)
16 of 65
NERC
The Nigerian Power System consists of those Generation and Transmission facilities, which are
controlled by the Transysco and which function as part of an integrated and coordinated power
supply network.
In order to maintain reliable operation of the Transmission System, it is necessary that all
systems observe and subscribe to certain minimum planning criteria. The criteria and principles
provided in this Appendix serves a guideline to develop criteria and methodologies applicable to
the Transysco and related interconnections and customers.
The Appendix consists of three sections of which:
Section 2 provides guidelines to transmission contingency criteria based of NERC standards,
Section 3 provides guidelines to the measuring of Reliability indices in order to produce annual
performance figures, and
Section 4 provides guidelines with regard to the measurement of the value of network
infrastructure.
This Appendix thus provides guidelines that can be used to direct the Transysco planning and
operational criteria in future. It does not provide the procedures and measures required to
ensure that the criteria is followed. Neither does the Appendix direct responsibility to any of the
Transysco members. These issues will need to be developed and resolved before criteria of this
nature can effectively be implemented.
3.2 TRANSMISSION RELIABILITY CRITERIA
17 of 65
NERC
Generation other than that isolated by the double-circuit loss, following the execution of all
automatic operating actions such as relaying and special protection systems. Furthermore, the
loss should result in no damage to or failure of equipment and, following the execution of
specific non-automatic predefined operator-directed actions such as re-dispatch, curtailment of
interruptible load, or curtailment of unplanned transfers, should not result in applicable voltage
or thermal ratings being exceeded.
With any single Generating Unit unavailable, and with any other generation pre-emptively redispatched, the contingency loss of a single transmission element (either without a fault or
subsequent to a normally-cleared non-three-phase fault) with all other facilities normal should
not cause a) cascading or uncontrolled outages, b) instability of Generating Units at multiple
plant locations, or c) interruption of service to firm Demand or generation other than that
isolated by the transmission element, following the execution of all automatic operating actions
such as relaying and special protection systems. Furthermore, the loss should result in no
damage to or failure of equipment and, following the execution of specific non-automatic
predefined operator-directed actions such as re-dispatch, curtailment of interruptible load, or
curtailment of unplanned transfers, should not result in applicable voltage or thermal ratings
being exceeded.
3.2.1
Annual preparation of adequacy indices of the Transysco power system will be required. This
should be read in conjunction with the long-term planning reports for infrastructure additions
with possible quantification of the worth of these network additions as outlined in Section 4.
These working papers to report the results of system tests future planning reports will provide
the basis for statements concerning the adequacy of the planned Nigeria Transysco System.
18 of 65
NERC
Contingencies
Initiating Event(s) and Contingency Component(s)
Thermal
Limits
Voltage
Limits
System
Stable
Loss of Demand or
Curtailed Firm Transfers
Normal
Yes
No
A No
Contingencies
None
Normal
B Event resulting in
the loss of a single
component.
Single Line Ground (SLG) or 3-Phase (3) Fault, with Normal Clearing:
1. Generator
2. Transmission Circuit
3. Transformer
Loss of a Component without a Fault.
Single
Single
Single
Single
Rating (A/R)
A/R
A/R
A/R
Applicable
a
Applicable
a
Rating (A/R)
A/R
A/R
A/R
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
C Event(s) resulting
in the loss of two or
more (multiple)
components.
D Extreme event
resulting in two or
more (multiple)
components removed
or cascading out of
b
b
A/R
A/R
A/R
A/R
Yes
Yes
Planned
Multiple
A/R
A/R
Yes
Planned
Multiple
A/R
A/R
Yes
Planned
Multiple
Multiple
A/R
A/R
A/R
A/R
Yes
Yes
Planned
8.
9.
Transformer
Bus Section
No
No
No
No
Multiple
Multiple
No
Cascading
Outages
Planned
Planned
d
d
No
No
No
No
No
No
NERC
service
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Portions or all of the interconnected systems may or may not achieve a new,
stable operating point.
Evaluation of these events may require joint studies with neighboring
systems.
Document measures or procedures to mitigate the extent and effects of
such events.
Mitigation or elimination of the risks and consequences of these events shall
be at the discretion of the entities responsible for the reliability of the
interconnected Transmission Systems.
20 of 65
NERC
e) A number of extreme contingencies that are listed under Category D and judged to be critical by the transmission planning entity(ies) will be selected
for evaluation. It is not expected that all possible Facility Outages under each listed contingency of Category D will be evaluated.
21 of 65
NERC
3.3.1
Reliability indices
From these attributes other indices to quantify network performance can be calculated. To
enable the definition of applicable indices, which may apply to the Nigeria Transysco, a
number of concepts and definitions related to network, configuration and aspects
influencing network performance are discussed below. These concepts and definitions are
taken from Reference [1] 1.
3.3.2
1 C.C. Fong, R. Billinton, R.O. Gunderson, P.M. ONeill, J. Raksany, A.W. Schneider, Jr, B. Silverstein, Bulk System Reliability
Measurement and Indices, IEEE Trans. On Power Systems, Vol.4, No32, August 1989, pp. 829-835
22 of 65
NERC
23 of 65
NERC
Bulk System
C
A
B
B
Load
Radial
Distribution
System
Load
Load
Meshed Distribution
System
A: Radial Delivery Point
B: Meshed Delivery Point
C: Significant Point
Figure 2: further illustrates the two types of delivery points. For example, Point A radially
supplies a customer owned system directly connected to the bulk system. It is, therefore, a
radial delivery point. Point B is a low voltage bus radially supplying a Distribution System,
and is also a radial delivery point. Point C is a meshed delivery point. It supplies a meshed
Distribution System which is also supplied from another meshed delivery point Point D.
Points E and F are meshed delivery points supplying a meshed system owned by the
customer.
Although not common, it is possible that a low voltage bus supplies both a radial and a
meshed Distribution System. Such a bus may be classified for convenience as a radial
delivery point.
An example of a significant point is the bulk system supply to a power station. The station
may rely on bulk system supply in case of a unit shutdown. An interruption of supply
(whether the supply is needed by the station or not) is sometimes referred to as loss of
off-site power. The bus where measurement takes place may be on the Low Voltage side
of the station service Transformer associated with the Unit. Another example is an
The Grid Code-Version 01
24 of 65
NERC
330 kV
G
330 kV
330 kV
330 kV
330 kV
132 kV
132 kV
132 kV
132 kV
A
Load
Load
132 kV
33 kV
33 kV
11 kV
Load
D
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
11 kV
Load
Load
Radial
Distribution
System
Radial delivery point
3.3.3
Basic Indices
Several fundamental indices are proposed. These can be expanded based on the Transysco
needs. All of these indices can be calculated for a defined recording period. The length of
the period should be measured in years to facilitate comparison.
Delivery Point Interruption Indices
(a) Individual Delivery Point Indices: For each delivery point (radial or meshed):
Interruption Frequency =
No. of Interruptions
Period (Years )
Sum of MW Interrupted
Period (Years)
25 of 65
NERC
(b) System-Wide Delivery Point Indices: For the bulk system and for each type of delivery
point (radial or meshed):
System Average Interruption Frequency =
No. of Interruptions
Delivery Po int years
Sum of MW Interrupted
Delivery Po int Years
No. of Interruptions
Period (Years )
The monitoring of significant points is very specific to the needs of individual operations.
System-wide average indices are not suggested here but may be considered, for groups of
significant points.
Automatic and Rotational Load Shedding Indices
For each type of load shedding:
Frequency =
No. of Events
Periods (Years )
26 of 65
NERC
These indices may also be calculated for a specific automatic scheme, to indicate its impact
on bulk system reliability. The Load Shedding Severity Index is expressed in System
Minutes.
System Disturbance Indices
For an individual System Disturbance:
System Disturbance Severity =
This index is expressed in System Minutes. It is again fundamentally the same as the Bulk
Power Energy Curtailment Index in, but is applied to an individual System Disturbance in
this case.
3.4 VALUE OF NETWORK PERFORMANCE
Broadly speaking, the cost of an interruption from a customers perspective is related to the
nature of the degree to which the activities interrupted are dependent on electricity. This
dependency can be translated to a Customer Damage Function (CDF) that provides the
severity of an interruption in relation to the duration of the interruption for a specific
customer or group of customers. In turn, this dependency is a function of both customer
and interruption characteristics. Customer characteristics include:
3.4.1
Type of customer;
Nature of the customers activities;
Size of operation, and other demographic data;
Demand, and energy requirements; and
Energy dependency as a function of time of day, etc.
Interruption characteristics include:
Duration;
Frequency;
Time of occurrence of interruptions;
Whether an interruption is complete or partial;
If advance warning or duration information is supplied by the utility; and
Whether the area affected by the outage is localized or widespread.
Application of Customer Interruption Cost
The broadest application of a Customer Damage Function is its use to relate the composite
customer losses to the socio-economic worth of electric service Reliability for an entire
Utility Service Area 2. The cost estimates can be obtained by multiplying the Expected
Unserved Energy to customers due to interruptions by a suitable factor, designated as the
Interrupted Energy Assessment Rate (IEAR) expressed in $/kWh.
2 Li Wenyuan, R. Billinton, A Minimum Cost Assessment Method for Composite Generation and Transmission System Expansion
Planning, IEEE Trans. On Power Systems, Vol.8, No.2, May 1993, pp. 628-635
27 of 65
NERC
3.4.2
A number of countries are introducing voluntary and regulator imposed schemes that
require payments to be made to customers interrupted due to poor performance of the
supply network. Typically, payments are only made if supply is not restored within a predetermined time after the customer advises that their supply is off. Payments are often not
required for events outside the control of companies such as extreme weather disruptions.
Australia
The ownership structure in Australia varies from state to state as the industry is in a state of
transition. Independent regulatory bodies are established in most states to facilitate
electricity markets. There is a single commercial regulatory body in each state with
responsibility for setting prices for retail energy and prices for Transmission and
Distribution Access.
Regulations in Australia specify minimum standards of service for distribution business
together with the prescribed compensation payments that suppliers have to pay to their
customers. There is a range of poor performance payments, one of which is failing to
provide to a customer at least two business days notice of any planned interruption (not
less than AU$20).
Currently there are neither mandatory nor voluntary schemes in place in Australia that
require payments to be made to customers for power supply interruptions. Written and
detailed compensation claims are processed on a case-by-case basis. This practice is likely
to be simplified shortly. For example, one supplier has proposed to credit AU$40 (about
US$26) to the accounts of residential customers if the supply is not restored within 4 hours
of a fault being reported.
Great Britain
All Public Electricity Suppliers (PESs) in Great Britain are required to report annually to
the Director General on their performance against certain Standards which are set under
Sections 39 and 40 of the Electricity Act 1989. These Standards cover the provision by
PESs of services to customers in the distribution, supply and metering of electricity. They
are set by the Director General after wide consultation and have been continuously
updated since first being introduced in July 1991. The achieved performance is annually
reported.
To ensure that inconvenience to customers is kept to a minimum, the Standard requires
companies to restore the supply within 24 hours of the company becoming aware of a fault
on the Distribution System. If the company fails to meet this Standard the customer is
entitled to claim a payment.
Norway
According to Norwegian legislation, network operation is (still) a monopoly while there is
an open market, subject to competition, for buying and selling electric Energy. Norway
does not require separate ownership of Network Companies, Power Producers and Energy
Retailers.
In order to increase the cost-effectiveness of the transmission and distribution monopoly,
the Utilities are instructed to reduce their total costs by 1.5 4.5 % per year throughout the
year 2001. This may lead to postponed investments, reduced maintenance and reduction
of staff and also result in reduced supply reliability. Since supply reliability as well as costeffectiveness are both important objectives, the regulator (NVE) has announced the
The Grid Code-Version 01
28 of 65
NERC
This Appendix serves as a guideline for the Transysco to develop applicable Reliability
measures and methodologies to maintain reliable operation of the Transmission System
The Appendix provided fundamental concepts relating to:
29 of 65
NERC
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Further Safety precautions required on the requesting Safety Co-ordinators equipment as notified by the
implementing Safety Co-ordinator.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
1.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ESTABLISHED
(a) ISOLATION
[State the Location(s) at which Isolation has been established (whether on the implementing Safety Co-ordinator's
equipment or on the equipment of another User connected to the implementing Safety Co-ordinator's equipment).
For each Location, identify each point of Isolation. For each point of Isolation, state the means by which the Isolation
has been achieved, and whether, immobilised and Locked, Caution Notice affixed, other safety procedures applied, as
appropriate.]
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(b) EARTHING
[State the Location(s) at which Earthing has been established (whether on the implementing Safety Co-ordinator's
equipment or on the System of another User connected to the implementing Safety Co-ordinator's System). For
each Location, identify each point of Earthing. For each point of Earthing, state the means by which Earthing has
been achieved, and whether, immobilised and Locked, other safety procedures applied, as appropriate].
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
1.3 ISSUE
I have received confirmation from _________________________________________ (name of
Implementing Safety Coordinator) at _________________________________________ (location) that
the Safety Precautions identified in paragraph 1.2 have been established and that instructions will not be
issued at his location for their removal until this RNSP is cancelled.
Signed ................................................................(Requesting Safety Co-ordinator)
at .......................................(time) on .................................................. (Date)
PART 2
2.1 CANCELLATION
l have confirmed to _________________________________________ (name of the implementing Safety
Co-ordinator) at ________________________________________ (location) that the Safety Precautions
set out in paragraph 1.2 are no longer required and accordingly the RNSP is cancelled.
Signed ................................................................(Requesting Safety Co-ordinator)
at ........................................(time) on ................................................. (Date)
30 of 65
NERC
APPENDIX 4B
[TRANSYSCO]
[_________________ CONTROL CENTRE/SITE]
RECORD OF NETWORK SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IMPLEMENTATION (RNSP-I)
(Implementing Safety Co-ordinator's Record)
PART 1
RNSP NUMBER
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Recording of notification given to the Requesting Safety Co-ordinator concerning further Safety
Precautions required on the Requesting Safety Co-ordinators equipment.
1.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ESTABLISHED
(a)
ISOLATION
[State the Location(s) at which Isolation has been established (whether on the implementing Safety Co-ordinator's
equipment or on the System of another User connected to the implementing Safety Co-ordinator's equipment). For
each Location, identify each point of Isolation. For each point of Isolation, state the means by which the Isolation has
been achieved, and whether, immobilised and Locked, Caution Notice affixed, other safety procedures applied, as
appropriate.]
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(b)
EARTHING
[State the Location(s) at which Earthing has been established (whether on the implementing Safety Co-ordinator's
equipment or on the System of another User connected to the Implementing Safety Co-ordinator's System). For
each Location, identify each point of Earthing. For each point of Earthing, state the means by which Earthing has
been achieved, and whether, immobilised and Locked, other safety procedures applied, as appropriate].
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
1.3
ISSUE
I have confirmed to ________________________________________ (name of Requesting Safety Coordinator) at __________________________________________ (location) that the Safety Precautions
identified in paragraph 1.2 have been established and that instructions will not be issued at my location for
their removal until this RNSP is cancelled.
Signed ...............................................................(Implementing Safety Co-ordinator)
at ...............................................(time) on ...................................................... (Date)
PART 2
2.1
CANCELLATION
l have received confirmation from _________________________________________ (name of the
Requesting Safety Coordinator) at ________________________________________ (location) that the
Safety Precautions set out in paragraph 1.2 are no longer required and accordingly the RNSP is cancelled.
Signed ................................................................(Implementing Safety Co-ordinator)
at ................................................(time) on ........................................................ (Date)
(Note: This form to be of a different colour from RNSP-R)
31 of 65
NERC
ISC establishes
isolation on his
equipment
ISC
completes
RNSP-I.
Details exchanged
RSC
completes
RNSP-R
RNSP cancellation
process
See
Appendix
32 of 65
NERC
RNSP is now
cancelled
Agreed between
RSC and ISC that all
earths are removed
Removal being an
internal matter for
the party the ISC
Section 2.1
completed
33 of 65
NERC
Continue from
Appendix 4C
No person will be
so authorised until
proposed test is
completed (or
cancelled) by the
RSC
If testing required
the removal of
earthing the
RNSP process is
as set out in
section 21
Earthing
reapplied
RNSP cancellation
process
See Appendix 4D
34 of 65
NERC
The work of such reinforcement and extension to the Transmission Network may
also involve work at a connecting point (entry or exit) of a Generating
Station/Distribution Company to the Transmission Network.
5.1.3
1. Time required for obtaining all the necessary statutory approvals like Environmental
Impact Assessment clearance, Forest clearance, Road or Railway clearance, clearance
from aviation authorities, etc., and the right of way permissions wherever required,
2. Time required for detailed engineering, design and construction work to be carried out.
This Network Planning, therefore, enforces the time scales for exchange of
information between the Transysco and the User(s). All the concerned parties,
wherever appropriate, shall have due regard to the confidentiality of such information.
35 of 65
NERC
To enable the Transysco to discharge its responsibilities under its Transmission Licence
Conditions by conducting System Studies and preparation of perspective plans for
Demand, Generation and Transmission Network expansion as detailed under the Grid
Code, all Users of the Transmission Network shall furnish all the data to the Transysco
from time to time detailed below under Data Registration Requirement of Sections 15 and
16.
BASIC DATA REQUIREMENTS BASED ON SECTIONS 15, 16
PART-1 - GENERATION
(To be furnished by Users of Generating Unit to Transysco)
5A
THERMAL
I. GENERAL: 1.
Site:
i.
Showing area required for power station coal linkage, coal yard,
(To scale)
36 of 65
NERC
II. Connection:
1. Point of connection
Services
provided
3. No. of Units and Unit State whether development will be carried out in phases and if
size MW.
4. Generator Unit Data:
Generator:
a) Type
b) Rating (MVA)
c) Terminal Voltage (kV)
d) Rated Power Factor
e) Frequency Response Table
f) Reactive Power capability (MVAr) in the range 0.95 leading
and 0.85 lagging.
g) Short Circuit Ratio
h) Direct axis transient reactance (% on MVA rating)
i) Direct axis sub-transient reactance (% on MVA rating)
j) Auxiliary Power requirement
iii.
37 of 65
NERC
5B
Hydro Electric:
1. General:
1. Site
3. Submerged Area
Maximum
Minimum
38 of 65
NERC
Average
2. Turbine
3. Generator
a) Type
b) Rating (MVA)
c) Terminal Voltage (kV)
d) Rated Power Factor
e) Reactive Power capability (MVAr) in the range of
0.95 leading and 0.85 of lagging.
f) Short Circuit Ratio
g) Direct axis transient reactance (% on rated MVA)
h) Direct axis Sub-transient reactance (% on rated
MVA)
i) Auxiliary Power Requirement
4. Generator Transformer
a) Type
b) Rated Capacity (MVA)
c) Voltage Ratio HV/LV
d) Tap change Range (+ % to - %)
e) Percentage Impedance (Positive sequence at Full
load rating)
General:
Turbines
The Grid Code-Version 01
39 of 65
NERC
(f)
Alternators
Full description including settings for all relays and protection systems installed on the
generating Unit, Generating Unit Transformer, Auxiliary Transformer and electrical
motor of major equipment listed, but not limited to, under section 20.
2.
Full description including settings for all relays installed on all outgoing circuits from
Power Station substation switchyard, tie circuit breakers, incoming circuit breakers.
3.
4.
Most probable fault clearance time for electrical faults on the User's system.
5.
5C.3 Switchyard:
1. In relation to interconnecting transformers between High Voltage Transmission
System and the Generator Transformer High Voltage System:
(a) Rated MVA
(b) Voltage Ratio
(c) Vector Group
(d) Positive sequence reactance (maximum, minimum, normal Tap(% on MVA)
(e) Positive sequence resistance (maximum, minimum, normal Tap (% on MVA)
(f) Zero sequence reactance (% on MVA)
(g) Tap changer Range (+ % to - %) and steps
The Grid Code-Version 01
40 of 65
NERC
41 of 65
NERC
42 of 65
NERC
Note: Using IEEE Committee Report symbols the following parameters shall be
furnished: D, A, BSx, Ka, Ke, Kf, Ta, Yf, Vr(max), Vr(min), Sa, Sb.
5E. Parameters of Governor:
1. Governor average gain (MW/Hz)
2. Speeder motor setting range
3. Time constant of steam or fuel Governor valve
4. Governor valve opening limits.
5. Governor valve rate limits.
6. Time constant of Turbine
7. Governor Block Diagram showing transfer functions of individual elements using
IEEE symbols along with set values.
5F. Plant Performance:
1. Daily Demand Profile (Last Year)
In
time
marked
30
minutes
5G
Operational Parameters:
43 of 65
NERC
(b) Warm
(c) Cold
5. Maximum Generating Unit loading rate for the following conditions:
(a) Hot
(b) Warm
(c) Cold
6. Minimum load without oil support (MW)
5H Hydroelectric Stations:
I.
General:
Reservoir Data:
Salient features:
1. Type of Reservoir: Multipurpose/Power only
2. Operating Table with:
The Grid Code-Version 01
44 of 65
NERC
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
FRL/MDDL.
III.
Protection:
1. Full description including settings for all relays and protection systems installed on the
Generating units, generator transformer, Auxiliary transformer and electrical motor of
major equipment {included}, but not limited to those listed under General.
2. Full description including settings for all relays installed on all outgoing feeders from
Power Station switchyard, tie breakers, and incoming breakers.
3. Full description of inter-tripping of breakers at the point or points of Connection with
the Transmission System.
4. Most probable fault clearance time for electrical faults on the User's system.
IV.
Switchyard:
1. Interconnecting Transformers:
(a) Rated MVA
(b) Voltage Ratio
(c) Vector Group
(d) Positive sequence reactance for maximum, minimum, normal Tap (% on MVA)
(e) Positive sequence resistance of maximum, minimum, normal Tap (% on MVA).
(f) Zero sequence reactance (% on MVA)
(g) Tap changer Range (+ % to - %) and steps
(h) Type of Tap changer (OFF/ON)
2. Switchgear (including circuit breakers, Isolators on all circuits connected to the points
of connection):
(a) Rated voltage (KV)
(b) Type of Breaker (MOCB/ABCB/SF6)
(c) Rated short circuit breaking current (KA) 3 Phase.
(d) Rated short circuit breaking current (KA) 1 Phase.
(e)
45 of 65
NERC
(f)
Parameters of Generator:
(a) Rated terminal voltage (KV)
(b) Rated MVA
(c) Rated MW
(d) Inertia constants (MW Sec./MVA) of Generator, Exciter and Turbines
(e) Short circuit ratio
(f) Direct axis synchronous reactance. (% on MVA)
(g) Direct axis transient reactance. (% on MVA)
(h) Direct axis sub-transient reactance (% on MVA)
(i) Quadrature axis synchronous reactance (% on MVA)
(j) Quadrature axis sub-transient reactance (% on MVA)
(k) Direct axis transient open circuit time constant (SEC)
(l) Direct axis sub-transient open circuit time constant (SEC)
(m) Stator Resistance (Ohm)
(n) Stator leakage reactance (Ohm)
(o) Stator time constant (Sec)
(p) Rated Field current (A)
46 of 65
NERC
(q) Open Circuit saturation characteristics of the Generator for various terminal
voltages giving the compounding current to achieve this.
(r) Generator Capability Curve
ii.
Type of Turbine:
Parameters of Governor
5I.1.1 General:
1. Detailed Project report.
2. Status Report:
(a) Land
The Grid Code-Version 01
47 of 65
NERC
48 of 65
NERC
5I.2.2 Connection:
1. Reports of studies for parallel operation with Transysco System.
(a) Load flow studies
(b) Short Circuit studies
(c) Stability studies
2. Proposed Connection with Transmission System:
(a) Voltage
(b) No. of Circuits.
(c) Point of connection.
49 of 65
NERC
To enable the Transysco to discharge its responsibilities under its Transmission Licence
Conditions by conducting System Studies and preparation of perspective plans for
Demand, Generation and Transmission Network expansion as detailed under the Grid
Code, all Users of the Transmission Network shall furnish all the data to the Transysco
from time to time detailed below under Data Registration Requirement of Sections 15 and
16.
I.
General:
1. Area map
2. Consumer Data
Connection:
1. Points of connection:
III.
1. Line Data:
2. Sub-station Data:
IV.
Loads:
50 of 65
NERC
V.
1. Type of load:
2. Rated voltage:
3. Electrical loading of equipment:
VI.
1. Peak load and energy forecast for each category of loads for each of the succeeding 5 years.
2. Details of methodology and assumptions on which forecasts are based.
3. If supply is received from more than one sub-station, the sub-station breaks up of peak load
and energy projection for each category of loads for each of the succeeding 5 years along with
estimated daily load curve.
51 of 65
NERC
General:
1. Distribution map (To scale). Showing all lines up to 11 KV and sub-stations belonging to the
Licensee.
2. Single line diagram of distribution system (showing distribution lines from points of connection
with transmission system 132/33 KV Sub-station, 33/11 KV sub-station, consumer bus if fed
directly from Transmission System)
3. Numbering and nomenclature of lines and sub-stations (Identified with feeding Grid substations of the Transmission System and concerned 33/11 KV sub-station of supplier).
4. Monitoring of Transmission and Distribution Losses (Methods adopted for reduction of losses
to be stated).
6B.2
Connection:
Loads:
52 of 65
NERC
6B.4
General:
Connection:
Loads:
1. Statement of estimated Sub-transmission and Distribution losses for next five years
2. Brief indication of improvement scheme for reduction of losses (excerpts from
Detailed Project Report)
(a) New lines
(b) Upgrading of lines
(c) New Sub-station/Upgrading of Sub-stations
(d) Rearrangement of loads
(e) Installation of capacitors.
53 of 65
NERC
54 of 65
NERC
Note: - The compilation of the data is the internal matter of the Licensee, and as such the
Licensee shall make arrangements for getting the required data from different Departments
of the Licensee to up-date its standard planning Data in the format given below:
1. Name of the line: (Indicating Power
stations and Sub-stations to be connected)
2. Voltage of line (KV):
3. No. of Circuits:
4. Route length (Circuit KM):
5. Conductor sizes:
6. Line parameters (PU on 100 MVA base (a) Resistance/KM
or ohmic values):
i.e.,
forestland,
fallow
land,
NERC
General:
(a) Single line diagram of the Users system from 132 KV bus and above at grid substation:
(b)
Name of sub-station
7B.2
56 of 65
NERC
Transformers
ii.
Circuits
iii.
Circuit Breakers
iv.
Isolating switches
57 of 65
NERC
(e) Positive sequence resistance on rated MVA base (max., min. & Normal)
(f) Zero sequence reactance on rated MVA base
(g) Tap change range (+% to -%) and steps
(h) Details of tap changer (OFF/ON)
(i) Neutral Grounding Transformer/Resistor Values
7B.3.3 Equipment Details: (For all Sub-stations):
(a) Circuit Breakers
(b) Isolating switches
(c) Current Transformers
(d) Potential Transformers
(e) Lightning Arresters
7B.3.4 Relaying and metering:
(a) Relay protection installed for all transformers and Feeders along with their settings and
level of co-ordination with other users.
(b) Metering Details:
7B.4
System studies:
(a) Load flow studies (Peak and lean load for maximum Hydro and maximum Thermal
Generation)
(b) Transient stability studies for 3 Ph. Fault in critical lines, relay reclosing for 132 KV
Lines.
(c) Dynamic stability studies
(d) Short circuit studies ( 3 Ph. and single Ph. to earth)
(e) Transmission and Distribution losses in the system.
58 of 65
NERC
Current
ii.
59 of 65
NERC
60 of 65
NERC
Appendix 8:
8A.1 The Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) shall establish the Grid
Code Review Panel. The Panel shall be responsible for improving and developing the Code
through regular review, consultation, research and other methodologies found appropriate
from time to time. The funding and maintenance of the Panel shall be the responsibility of
Transysco, including the location of the Panels secretariat.
The Panel shall be a standing body to carry out the functions referred to in paragraph 8A.2.
8A.2
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
8A.3
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
each of the Panel member shall be appointed by their respective industry sector pursuant to
the rules issued by the Panel in 8A.4.
8A.4 The Panel shall establish and comply at all times with its own rules and procedures
relating to the conduct of its business, which shall be approved by NERC. Meetings of the
Panel shall be held at regular intervals and at least every month at such tine and place as the
Panel shall decide.
8A.5 The Panel shall consult in writing all Industry Stakeholders and Operators which
are liable to be affected in relation to all proposed amendments to the Grid Code and shall
review and discuss all proposed amendments and comments to the Grid Code prior to
coming up with recommendations to amending the Grid Code.
The Grid Code-Version 01
61 of 65
NERC
8A.6 The Panel through Transysco shall establish (and, where appropriate, revise from
time to time) joint working arrangements with industry stakeholders or operators to
facilitate the identification, coordination, making and implementation of change to their
operations consequent on an amendment to the Grid Code in a full and timely manner.
These working arrangements shall be such as enable development and evaluation of
proposed amendments to the Grid Code, how operators will proceed in a full and timely
manner to changes to their operations consequent to an amendment to the Grid Code to
be made and given effect wherever possible (subject to any necessary consent of the
Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission) at the same time as such approved
amendment is made and given effect.
62 of 65
NERC
restrictions on
63 of 65
NERC
64 of 65