Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Triumph Physics
Based on Maharashtra Board Syllabus
Salient Features
Exhaustive subtopic wise coverage of MCQs
Important formulae provided in each chapter
Hints included for relevant questions
Various competitive exam questions updated till the latest year
No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, C.D. ROM/Audio Video Cassettes or electronic, mechanical
including photocopying; recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the Publisher.
TEID : 765
Preface
Std. XII: Sci. Triumph Physics is a complete and thorough guide to prepare students for a competitive
level examination. The book will not only assist students with MCQs of Std. XII but will also help them to prepare for
JEE, AIPMT, CET and various other competitive examinations.
The content of this book is based on the Maharashtra State Board Syllabus. Formulae that form a vital part of
MCQ solving are provided in each chapter. Notes provide important information about the topic. Shortcuts provide
easy and less tedious solving methods. Mindbenders have been introduced to bridge the gap between a text book
topic and the students understanding of the same. A quick reference to the notes, shortcuts and mindbenders has been
provided wherever possible.
MCQs in each chapter are divided into three sections:
Classical Thinking: consists of straight forward questions including knowledge based questions.
Critical Thinking: consists of questions that require some understanding of the concept.
Competitive Thinking: consists of questions from various competitive examinations like JEE, AIPMT, CET, CPMT etc.
Hints have been provided to the MCQs which are broken down to the simplest form possible.
An Evaluation Test has been provided at the end of each chapter to assess the level of preparation of the
student on a competitive level.
An additional feature called The physics of ..... has been included in the book to foster a keen interest in
the subject of physics.
The journey to create a complete book is strewn with triumphs, failures and near misses. If you think weve
nearly missed something or want to applaud us for our triumphs, wed love to hear from you.
Please write to us on : mail@targetpublications.org
Sr.
No.
Topic Name
Page No.
Sr.
No.
Topic Name
Page No.
Circular Motion
11
419
Gravitation
47
12
Electrostatics
459
Rotational Motion
91
13
Current Electricity
510
Oscillations
138
14
539
Elasticity
191
Surface Tension
223
15
Magnetism
573
Wave Motion
254
16
Electromagnetic Induction
590
Stationary Waves
289
17
639
18
665
19
Semiconductors
705
20
Communication Systems
737
330
10
394
01 CircularMotion
Syllabus
1.0
Introduction
1.1
Angular displacement
1.2
Angular
velocity
acceleration
1.3
1.4
1.5
Acceleration in U.C.M
(Radial acceleration)
1.6
1.7
Banking of roads
1.8
Conical pendulum
1.9
and
angular
1.10 Kinematical equation for circular motion in analogy with linear motion
iii.
Formulae
1.
a=
v
2
=
= 2n =
= lim =
t 0
r
T
t
ii.
Average angular velocity,
1
=
av = 2
t
t 2 t1
where,
1 = angular position of the body at time
t1
2 = angular position of the body at time
t2
iii. = av for U.C.M.
iv. If a particle makes n rotations in t
second, then
2n
av =
t
v.
Angular acceleration = = 0
vi. Instantaneous angular acceleration,
d
d 2
inst = lim
=
= 2
t 0 t
dt
dt
vii. Average angular acceleration,
1
ave. = 2
=
t
t 2 t1
ix.
x.
a 2r + a 2t
.(Magnitude only)
v 2 dv
+
r dt
=
iv.
3.
a T = r = r
=0
Centripetal force:
i.
ii.
iii.
mv2
r
= mr2 = mv = mr (2f)2
2
4 2 mr
2
= mr =
T2
T
Magnitude of Centrifugal force,
= Magnitude of Centripetal force
mv2
(in magnitude)
i.e Fcf =
r
When an electron moves round the
nucleus of an atom along a circular path,
we have
Ze 2
mv 2
=
= m2r
2
40 r
r
4 2 r
T2
where, Z = atomic number of the
nucleus.
= m 42 n2r = m
4.
= centripetal acceleration = v
v2
42 r
= a = v =
= r2 = 42f2r =
r
T2
1
2
=
Time period = T =
frequency (f )
Relation between linear and angular
velocity: v = r = r as = 90
2.
Banking of roads:
The proper velocity or optimum v on a road
banked by an angle with the horizontal is
given by,
+ tan
rg s
1 s tan
where r = radius of curvature of road
g = acceleration due to gravity
s = coefficient of friction between road and
tyres
when s = 0, v = rg tan
v=
8.
i.
ii.
iii.
rg
5rg
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
Notes
1.
2.
3.
xi.
xii.
7.
mv2
[cos 90 = 0]
TM =
r
Total energy at different points at the
top, bottom and horizontal,
5
EH = EL = EM = mrg
2
Total energy at any point,
1
E = mv 2 + mgr(1 cos )
2
Conical Pendulum:
i.
Angular velocity,
ii.
a.
g
l cos
b.
g tan
r
2
l cos
= 2
Periodic time =
g
=
iii.
vectors.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
l sin
g tan
T =
x.
mv
+ mg cos
r
Tension at midway position where
= 90 (i.e. along horizontal)
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
rg .
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
L = constant.
30.
31.
a = r + v
34.
5.
=
=
= nt
Number of revolutions =
2
2 2
6.
7.
8.
9.
The
10.
11.
12.
13.
gr .
in a semicircle.
Mindbenders
1.
rg
d
=
2h
rg tan
d
2h
d = distance between the wheels
h = height of centre of gravity from the road
g = acceleration due to gravity
where, tan =
2.
3.
Shortcuts
1.
2.
3.
4.
minimum
safe velocity
gdr
overturning is v =
2h
for
not
19.
20.
21.
22.
i.
ii.
mv2
= mg N where N is normal
r
i.
reaction.
mv2
= N mg
r
ii.
15.
16.
18.
5gr
ii.
17.
mv2
r
gr
The centripetal
force
Situation
iii. A vehicle on
speed breaker
When
vL =
i.
vL <
iii.
loop, vL >
6
gr
Gravitational
force
exerted by the sun
force
the
Necessary centripetal
force is provided by
seat and passenger.
Classical Thinking
1.1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
10.
11.
12.
Angular displacement
1.2
9.
Angular
velocity
acceleration
and
angular
Direction of r is
(A) tangent to path.
(B) perpendicular to path.
(C) parallel to the path.
(D) along the path.
1.3
13.
(A)
(C)
v = r
v = . r
(B)
(D)
v = r +
v = r
14.
15.
16.
6.
7.
8.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
Acceleration
acceleration)
in
U.C.M.
(Radial
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
31.
33.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
32.
34.
42.
(A)
r2
r1
(C)
r1
r2
(B)
r2
r1
(D)
r2
r1
43.
44.
45.
50.
1.8
52.
Banking of roads
r2g
(D)
Conical Pendulum
51.
/(rg)2
46.
53.
47.
54.
48.
49.
1.9
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
61.
62.
64.
65.
60.
63.
4l g
v=
(D)
v=
5l g
(A)
(C)
A
C
m
C
(B)
(D)
B
D
v2 =
5 v1
(D)
v1 =
5 v2
66.
67.
(C)
11
Miscellaneous
68.
69.
70.
Critical Thinking
1.1
Angular displacement
1.
2.
Angular
velocity
acceleration
and
angular
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
9.
10.
11.
15.
16.
17.
(A)
(C)
18.
19.
13.
20.
m/s
(B)
m/s
(A)
2
8
m/s
(D) m/s
(C)
4
21.
6i + 2j 3k
4i 13j + 6k
(B)
(D)
18i 13j + 2k
6i 2j + 8k
12.
14.
= 3i 4j + k and r = 5i 6j + 6k ?
Acceleration
acceleration)
in
(Radial
28.
29.
22.
23.
24.
30.
25.
31.
26.
32.
33.
27.
1.6
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
10 2 ms1
(D)
5 2 ms1
44.
45.
(A)
(B)
3
9
2
3
(C)
(D)
3
4
46.
48.
49.
50.
51.
53.
54.
52.
16
(B)
(C)
(D)
h v
tan sin 1 =
l rg
2
h v
tan =
rg
l
2
v
h
=
lg
r
55.
56.
57.
58.
Banking of roads
59.
61.
62.
63.
0.1
(B)
(C)
(D)
( 50 / 3)2
tan1
100 9.8
100 9.8
tan1
2
( 50 / 3)
tan1
( 60 0.1 9.8)
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
Conical Pendulum
69.
70.
71.
73.
74.
mgL
(B)
(L2 r 2 )1/2
mgL
(D)
T=
(A)
T=
(C)
T=
1.9
L2 r 2
mgL
(L2 r 2 )
mgL
(L2 r 2 ) 2
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
4 5 J
(D)
10 ( 5 1) J
98 m/s
(B)
(C)
490 m/s
(D)
7 m/s
4.9 m/s
88.
89.
90.
ratio of 2 is
1
86.
5
D
2
5
h= D
4
h=
3
D
2
(B)
h=
(D)
h=2D
(A)
A
D
(C)
h
E 2R
87.
91.
(A)
5 cm
(B)
15
cm
4
(C)
10
cm
3
(D)
2 cm
4
21
4
25
21
4
25
4
(B)
(D)
92.
60
v
r
A
(A)
(C)
2 v sin 30
2 v sin 60
(B)
(D)
2 v cos 30
2 v cos 60
19
94.
Competitive Thinking
1.2
40 m/s
(B)
40 m/s
(C)
640 m/s2
(D)
160 m/s2
5 2 m/s
(B)
20 m/s
(C)
10 m/s
(D)
10 3 m/s
2.
3.
4.
(A)
(B)
43200
21600
(D)
(C)
30
1800
5.
(D) =
(C) =
a
av
The physics of ..
Riding the bicycle in a loop the loop.
The stunt of riding the bicycle in a loop-theloop, assuming that the loop is a circle, what
is the least speed the rider could have at the
top of the loop to remain in contact with it
there?
The answer is at the end of this chapter.
20
angular
and
1.
(A)
Angular
velocity
acceleration
7.
9.
12.
14.
(A) zero
(B)
cm/s
30 2
11.
13.
8.
10.
cm/s
30
1.4
(D)
2
cm/s
30
15.
16.
17.
(C)
18.
mg (2r)
(D)
mv 2
(l )
r
v2
r
(B)
zero
(C)
r2
(D)
infinite
21
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
1.5
(B)
27.
(C)
2Emr
(D)
2E
mr
4E
mr
22
(A)
v2 v2
i+ j
R
R
(B)
v2
v2
cos i + sin j
R
R
(C)
v2
v2
sin i + cos j
R
R
(D)
v2
v2
cos i sin j
R
R
28.
29.
30.
(Radial
26.
U.C.M
(A)
in
25.
Acceleration
acceleration)
32.
33.
34.
35.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
mv
mv 2
(B) F = 3 r
(A) F =
r
r
(C)
37.
F = m r
(D)
F =
mv 2 r
36.
mp 2
r
(D)
p2
rm
23
44.
45.
46.
47.
(D)
(D)
1
4
51.
52.
times
(B)
(C)
(D)
24
infinitesimal
Banking of roads
50.
1: 2
(C)
48.
2 :1
49.
53.
54.
55.
60.
61.
56.
57.
58.
59.
v 2l
rg
(D)
v2
g
1.9
62.
63.
64.
66.
67.
68.
70.
3 g
(D)
73.
74.
75.
26
72.
n r
m g +
900
(D)
71.
5 g
(C)
69.
60 rad/s
(D)
10 rad/s
76.
L
T
M
R
(A) ML
(B) 2 ML
(D) 16 ML
(C) 4 ML
78. If a particle of mass m is moving in a
horizontal circle of radius r with a centripetal
force (k/ r2), the total energy is
[EAMCET (Med.) 1995; AMU (Engg.) 2001]
k
k
(A)
(B)
2r
r
2k
4k
(D)
(C)
r
r
79. A body of mass 1 kg tied to one end of string
is revolved in a horizontal circle of radius
0.1 m with a speed of 3 revolution/s.
Assuming the effect of gravity is negligible,
then linear velocity, acceleration and tension
[D PMT 2003]
in the string will be
(A) 1.88 m/s, 35.5 m/s2, 35.5 N
(B) 2.88 m/s, 45.5 m/s2, 45.5 N
(C) 3.88 m/s, 55.5 m/s2, 55.5 N
(D) None of these
80. A block follows the path as shown in the
figure from height h. If radius of circular path
is r, then relation holds good to complete full
[R PMT 1997]
circle is
(A) h < 5r/2
h
(B) h > 5r/2
2r
(C) h = 5r/2
(D) h 5r/2
81.
r
2
(B)
(C)
2r
(D)
82.
83.
P
R
(A)
Q
R
vr
vr
(B)
vr
(C)
(D)
vr
2 r
r
2
27
Answers Key
Classical Thinking
1.
11.
21.
31.
41.
51.
61.
(B)
(C)
(C)
(B)
(A)
(D)
(B)
2.
12.
22.
32.
42.
52.
62.
(C)
(A)
(D)
(A)
(A)
(C)
(B)
3.
13.
23.
33.
43.
53.
63.
(C)
(A)
(D)
(D)
(A)
(A)
(D)
4.
14.
24.
34.
44.
54.
64.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(C)
(D)
(B)
(C)
5.
15.
25.
35.
45.
55.
65.
(C)
(B)
(A)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(C)
6.
16.
26.
36.
46.
56.
66.
(B)
(C)
(C)
(C)
(A)
(C)
(A)
7.
17.
27.
37.
47.
57.
67.
(C)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(C)
(C)
(B)
8.
18.
28.
38.
48.
58.
68.
(A)
(D)
(A)
(C)
(C)
(C)
(C)
9.
19.
29.
39.
49.
59.
69.
(A)
(A)
(D)
(C)
(B)
(D)
(A)
10.
20.
30.
40.
50.
60.
70.
(D)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(A)
3.
13.
23.
33.
43.
53.
63.
73.
83.
93.
(A)
(B)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(B)
4.
14.
24.
34.
44.
54.
64.
74.
84.
94.
(A)
(B)
(A)
(D)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(C)
5.
15.
25.
35.
45.
55.
65.
75.
85.
(B)
(C)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(B)
(B)
(C)
(C)
6.
16.
26.
36.
46.
56.
66.
76.
86.
(C)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(C)
(A)
(D)
7.
17.
27.
37.
47.
57.
67.
77.
87.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(A)
(A)
(D)
(B)
(C)
8.
18.
28.
38.
48.
58.
68.
78.
88.
(B)
(C)
(C)
(D)
(B)
(C)
(B)
(A)
(C)
9.
19.
29.
39.
49.
59.
69.
79.
89.
(C)
(C)
(B)
(A)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(C)
10.
20.
30.
40.
50.
60.
70.
80.
90.
(A)
(C)
(C)
(B)
(D)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(B)
(B)
(D)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(C)
(A)
(A)
(A)
4.
14.
24.
34.
44.
54.
64.
74.
(B)
(D)
(D)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(D)
(A)
5.
15.
25.
35.
45.
55.
65.
75.
(A)
(C)
(A)
(B)
(D)
(A)
(D)
(C)
6.
16.
26.
36.
46.
56.
66.
76.
(D)
(C)
(B)
(D)
(A)
(D)
(D)
(B)
7.
17.
27.
37.
47.
57.
67.
77.
(C)
(A)
(D)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(C)
(D)
8.
18.
28.
38.
48.
58.
68.
78.
(C)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(A)
(B)
(D)
(A)
9.
19.
29.
39.
49.
59.
69.
79.
(D)
(D)
(A)
(B)
(B)
(C)
(C)
(A)
10.
20.
30.
40.
50.
60.
70.
80.
(D)
(D)
(D)
(B)
(A)
(D)
(B)
(D)
Critical Thinking
1.
11.
21.
31.
41.
51.
61.
71.
81.
91.
(C)
(C)
(D)
(A)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(B)
(A)
(B)
2.
12.
22.
32.
42.
52.
62.
72.
82.
92.
(D)
(C)
(B)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(A)
Competitive Thinking
1.
11.
21.
31.
41.
51.
61.
71.
81.
(B)
(C)
(D)
(C)
(A)
(D)
(D)
(A)
(D)
2.
12.
22.
32.
42.
52.
62.
72.
82.
(D)
(D)
(D)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(B)
(B)
(D)
3.
13.
23.
33.
43.
53.
63.
73.
83.
Hints
Classical Thinking
3.
f = 300 r.p.m. =
= .t = 2
5.
n = 100 r.p.m. =
7.
n = 3.5 r.p.s.
= 2n = 2 3.5 = 7
= 7 3.14 22 rad/s
8.
3000
r.p.s;
60
3000
1 = 100 rad
60
2 2
=
=
=
rad/s
T 60 30
28
100
r.p.s.
60
2 100
= 2n =
= 10.47 rad/s
60
6.
10.
Using, = 2n
125 = 2n
125
n =
2
n 20
For seconds hand, Ts = 60 s; for hour hand,
TH = 2 3600 s
T
12 3600
S
= H =
= 720 : 1
TS
60
H
.[
=
12.
n1 = 0, n2 = 210 r.p.m. =
210
r.p.s.
60
210
0 = 7 rad/s
d = 2(n2 n1) = 2
60
d 2 210
=
=
= 4.4 rad/s2
dt
60 5
C = 2r
C
r=
2
C
2 f = fC .[ = 2n]
2
v = r(2n) =
15.
Using, v = r
= 0.2 10 m/s = 2 m/s
16.
Using, v = r
= r (2n) = 0.4 2 5
= 0.4 2 3.14 5 = 12.56 12.6 m/s
17.
22.
23.
27.
28.
n = 900 r.p.m. =
29.
d
= 0 .( = constant)
dt
11.
14.
1
]
T
18.
a
=
r
1000 10
316 rad/s
10 10 2
31.
Using,
v2
20 20
ar =
=
= 40 m/s2, at = 30 m/s2
r
10
a=
39.
a 2r + a 2t =
40 2 + 30 2 = 50 m/s2
mv 2
r
v
mv 2 1
F
=
=
r
mv r
p
p = mv; F =
40.
Using, Fs =
v2 =
mv 2
r
Fs r 105 10
=
= 104
102
m
v = 100 m/s
41.
F=
A
v r
=
C 2r v
A 1
=
C 2
900
r.p.s = 15 r.p.s,
60
1.2
= 0.6 m
d = 1.2 m r =
2
1 .2
a = 2r = (2 n)2
= 540 2 m/s2
2
mv 2
r
1
r
r
F1
= 2
F2
r1
29
and
43.
Using, F =
66.
mv 2
r
250
mv 2 10 (5) 2
=
=
=2m
125
F
125
Tr
Using, v2 =
m
mv 2
Breaking tension T =
r
(r = length of the string)
50 1
v2 =
1
v = 5 2 m/s
r=
53.
Centripetal acceleration,
44.
67.
68.
Using,
mr2 = T and = 2n
1 T
= 2 Hz
2 mr
59.
60.
61.
N = mg cos
65.
mv 2
, = angle with vertical
R
As vehicle descends, angle increases, its
cosine decreases, hence N decreases.
g
r
v1 =
rg
v2 =
5rg =
30
5 rg =
20
v
=
= 80 rad/s
r 0. 5 / 2
69.
70.
F = m2R
1
R 2 (m and F are constant)
Critical Thinking
5 v1
300
= 5 r.p.s.
60
Angle described by wheel in one rotation
= 2 rad.
Therefore, angle described by wheel in 1 sec
= 2 5 radians = 10 rad
1.
Frequency of wheel, n =
2.
mr2 mg;
0.5
m
2
64.
0 =
5
= 20 m/s,
18
2 = 02 + 2
l cos
n=
v = 72 km/hr = 72
d = 0.5 m r =
54.
Using,
0 2(n n 0 )
=
=
t
t
2 3.14 (350 0)
=
10 rad/s2
220
Using,
1
= 0t + t2
2
1
2 (10)2 = 140 rad
= 4 10 +
2
140
=
22
n=
2 3.142
2
4.
10.
At the north-pole, r = 0 v = 0
11.
2 2
Angular speed of second hand s =
=
Ts 60
a is 90.
12.
2
2
=
Tm 3600
s
2 3600
=
= 60 : 1
m 60
2
5.
m =
v = r.
where r is distance from axis of rotation.
Frequency =
n
r.p.s., t = 1 min = 60 s
60
Angular velocity, = 2
n
60
Linear velocity, v = r =
2n
60
13.
2
2
=
rad/s
T
60 60
180
= 0.1
=
1800
Speed of C1 = R1 =
2
R1
T
Speed of C2 = R2 =
2
R2
T
Angular speed, =
.[ 1 rad =
6.
7.
8.
9.
180
]
angle described 2
=
=
= rad/s
time taken
2
540
= 9 r.p.s., = 2n = 18 rad/s
60
Angular acceleration
Gain in angular velocity 18
=
=
= 3 rad s2
time
6
Speed of C1
2R1 / T
R
=
= 1
Speed of C 2
2R 2 / T
R2
14.
r = 0.25 m, n = 15 r.p.m. =
= 2n =
n=
15.
d
dt
15 10 5
=
=
= 2.5 rad/s2
42
2
15
r.p.s.
60
2 15
= rad/s
2
60
v = r = 0.25
Using, =
Using,
= 2t + 3t2
d
=
= 2 + 6t
dt
d
=
= 6 rad/s2
dt
2 2 n
cm/s
60
=
m/s
2
8
T=
20
1
=
= 0.5 s
2
40
2
2
=
= 4 rad/s
T
0 .5
Let r = 50 cm = 0.5 m
v = r = 0.5 4 = 2 m/s
16.
T = 24 hr, r = 6400 km
v = r =
=
2
2
r =
6400
T
24
2 3.14 6400
24
v 1675 km/hr
31
i j k
v = r = 3 4 1 = 18i 13j + 2k
5 6 6
27.
28.
18.
= 2t3 + 0.5
29.
21.
=
=
r r
r
30.
31.
Centripetal force =
22.
23.
d
(2t3 + 0.5) = 6t2
dt
At t = 2 s, = 6 22 = 24 rad/s
24.
25.
26.
Velocity, v = r
r
v
v = r =
= = 10 cm/s
2
2
a = 2r
r
a
a = 2r = 2 2 =
= 10 cm/s2
2
32
mv 2
r
and is directed
33.
Distance covered, s =
34.
2r
360o
90
660 =
2r
360
r = 420 m
840 10 10
mv 2
=
= 200 N
F=
r
420
Using,
2
2
2
Fcp = m r = m r
T
22
1
and r n2 where n is principal
r2
quantum no.
35.
F1 n 42 3
81
= 4 = =
F2 n1 2 16
37.
38.
m = 2 kg, r = 1 m, F = 32 N
Force, F = m2r
32
2 =
= 16
= 4 rad/s
2 1
Frequency of revolution per minute
4 7
n=
60 =
60
2
2 22
38 rev / min
r = 20 cm = 20 102 m = 0.2 m
mv 2
Using, F =
= 10
r
r
0.20
1
= 10
=1J
mv 2 = 10
2
2
2
r1 = 9 cm
In the given condition, friction provides the
required centripetal force and that is constant.
i.e. m2r = constant.
2
39.
Using,
mg = m2r
g
=
=
r
40.
41.
42.
36 103
= 10 m/s
3600
The speed with which the car turns is
v2 Rg
1
R (10)2
= 12.5 m
0.8 10
R 12.5 m
R = 12 m
45.
v = 12 m / s, v = 4 2 m / s
44.
0.4 10
=
1
46.
47.
Using,
v2 = rg = 0.8 100 9.8 = 784
v = 28 m/s
43.
v=
gr
When becomes
, v becomes
i.e. 10
2
2
2
= 10 2 = 5 2 ms1
2
rg , 4 2 =
12 =
4 2
4 = 2 rad/s
Breaking tension = 4 10 = 40 N
T = mr2
T
40
2 =
=
= 200
mr 200 10 3 1
14 rad/s
rg
12
Using,
smg mr2
sg = r2 (For minimum angular speed)
g
25
0.25 9.8
2 = s =
=
9.8
2
r
5
5 10
= 9.8 5 = 49.0
= 7 rad/s
v = 36 km/hr =
v=
1
1
r2 = r1 1 = 9 = 1 cm
2
3
2
48.
49.
rg
9
Using,
v = rg = 0.4 50 9.8 = 196
v = 14 m/s
v 14
=
=
= 0.28 rad/s
r
50
For the crate not to slide, the centripetal force
mv 2
should be
= mg
r
v2 = rg = 0.6 35 9.8 = 205.8
v = 14.3 m/s
Using,
mv 2
mg =
r
mv 2
0.5 mg =
r
v2 = 0.5 r g = 0.5 10 9.8 = 49
v = 7 m/s
=
(2R) = 471
471 2
471 2
R=
v = 12 m/s, m = 1000 kg
Centripetal force,
Fcp =
mv 2
R
3.14
= 300 m
1000 (12) 2
300
= 480 N
33
mg = N cos
r = 50 m, l = 10 m, h = 1.5 m
2
h
v
=
l
rg
1
24
. cos = 1 =
2
50 9.8 1.5
= 8.6 m/s
10
rgh
=
l
v=
51.
l = 1 m, g = 110 m/s2
r = 400 m, v = 72 km/hr = 72
5
= 20 m/s,
18
58.
20 20 1
vl
=
= 0.1 m = 10 cm
rg
400 10
52.
tan 2 = 4 tan 1
54.
sin =
v2
1 h
tan sin =
rg
l
55.
= 45
59.
Using, h = l sin
sin tan =
tan = 0.15
Now, v =
2
2
tan 1
1
= v1 = v =
2
2
tan 2
4
v2
4v
60.
h
v2
and tan =
l
rg
1
v2 h
M g
2
ra
61.
Using,
tan =
1
sin = 0.2 =
5
v=
=
h
l
h = l = 1.5 0.01 = 0.015 m
34
0.5 + 1
v2 = 9.8 1000
1 0.5 1
v 172 m/s
tan =
24
Using,
. [ tan 45 = 1]
h 1.2
=
= 0.15
l
8
+ tan
v2 = gr
1 tan
1
v2 h
Reaction on outer wheel, R2 = M g +
2
ra
57.
tan
tan = 1
h=
56.
rg tan = 10 10 tan
10 = 10
Using,
v=
h
v2
=
l
rg
53.
24
2000 = 1959.6 N
5
Weight = N cos =
v2
rg
tan rg
tan 30 o 17.32 10
1
17.32 10
3
= 10 m/s
62.
Using,
tan =
20 20
20
v2
=
=
= 2.04
9.8
rg
20 9.8
64.
65.
66.
5
50
=
m/s,
18
3
r = 0.1 km = 0.1 1000= 100 m
2
50
v2
1
=
tan =
rg
3
0.1 103 9.8
v = 60 km/h = 60
(50 / 3) 2
1 1
= tan1
tan
5
100 9.8
5
v = 180 km/hr =
180 = 50 m/s
18
Using,
50 50
5
1
v2
=
=
=
tan =
2
rg 500 10 10
1
= tan1 = tan 1 (0.5)
2
m = 80 kg, v = 20 m/s, = tan1(0.5)
In order for the cyclist to turn,
frictional force = centripetal force
v2
v2
mg = m = mg
rg
r
2
v
= tan
But
rg
mg = mg tan = 80 10 0.5 = 400 N
Let initial velocity = v1
20 6v
New velocity v2 = v 1 +
=
5
100
2
2
v
v
r1 = 30 m, tan 1 = 1 , tan 2 = 2
r1g
r2 g
As there is no change in angle of banking,
1 = 2 tan 1 = tan 2
v12
v2
= 2
r1g
r2 g
68.
69.
70.
67.
36
36
r1 =
30 =
25
25
Using,
mv 2
But, tan =
Fs =
r
r2 =
216
= 43.2 m
5
v2
rg
v2
= g tan
r
Fs = mg tan = 90 10 tan 30 520 N
' 2
T'
4T
=
=
=4
2
T
T
2 = 42
= 2
n = 2n = 2 5 = 10 r.p.m.
Using,
T sin = m2r = m2 l sin
T cos = mg
.(i)
.(ii)
Tsin
T cos
ar
mg
Time period, T =
g
l cos
g
l cos
2
= 2
= 2 3.14
l cos
g
1 cos 60
10
= 1.4 s
T = ma = mr2
T 2
60
2
v1
v1
r1
25
5
= =
= =
r2
36
6
6 v1
v2
5
v2
For banking of road, = tan1
rg
= tan1 (0.24)
tan = 0.24
v2
= = 0.24
Also, tan =
rg
71.
Using,
r = l sin
r = 10 sin 30 r = 5 m, T = 3 s
2
2
=
=
T
3
Centripetal force = m2r
4 2
5
9
= 25 102 4
= 100 102 1 N
= 5 102
35
73.
mg
cos
T=
L2 r 2
h
=
cos =
L
L
mg L
T=
L2 r 2
v=
rg =
74.
r = 6.4 m
Minimum velocity at the bottom,
v
77.
78.
81.
Using,
mv 2
= mg
r
v2 = gr
v=
5 9.8 6.4
5gr =
82.
mv 2
= m2r = mg
r
g
2
=
T
r
2 2
T=
4s
9.8
9.8
4
83.
m 2
m 2
(u + gr)
(u 5gr)
r
r
m
m
=
(u2 + gr u2 + 5gr) =
(6gr) = 6 mg
r
r
TL TH =
Using,
mv 2
2 (4) 2
= 32 N
=
r
1
It is clear that tension will be 52 N at the
bottom of the circle because we know that,
mv 2
TBottom = mg +
r
TL = 350 N
Using,
mv 2
= TL mg = (2 350 40 10) = 300
r
300 3
v2 =
= 22.5 m/s
40
v 4.7 m/s
36
Using,
1
1
(K.E.)L(K.E.)H = m v 2L v2H = m[5 rg rg]
2
2
= 2 mrg = 2 1 1 10
= 20 J
Using,
F=
76.
4 104
mv 2
+ 10
+ mg = 70
r
400
= 7700 N
80.
4 104
mv 2
10
mg = 70
r
400
= 6300 N
At the lowest point of the circle,
F=
F =
mv2
r
mg =
75.
79.
mv 2
+ mg
5
r
=
=
2
mv
3
mg
r
Using,
mg N1 =
98 m/s
mv12
r
mv12
= 667 556 = 111
r
Let v2 = 2v1
mv 2 2
4mv12
=
= 4 111 = 444
r
r
mv 2 2
mg N2 =
r
N2 = 667 444 = 223 N
By conservation of energy,
1
mv2 = mgh
2
v = 2gh
.(i)
5gr =
5gD
2
.(ii)
88.
89.
90.
1 + 2
25
=
4
1
2 25
=
4
1
2
21
=
4
1
91.
By using equation 2 = 02 2
2
0
2
2 = 0 2(2n)
Using,
0 36 0
=
=
= 6 rad/s2
t
6
1 2 1
= 0t +
t =
6 6 6 = 108 rad
2
2
and =
t
t
= 2
t
But = constant t2
1
(2)2
=
So,
(2 + 3) 2
1 + 2
or
1200
= 20 r.p.s.
60
600
= 10 r.p.s., t = 5 s
n1 = 600 r.p.m. =
60
2 ( n 2 n1 )
2 ( 20 10 )
1
= 2
=
=
t
t
5
20
= 4 rad/s2
=
5
1
1
= 1t +
t2 = 20 5 +
4 25
2
2
= 100 + 50 = 150
150
=
= 75
Number of revolutions =
2
2
1
4
=
1 + 2
25
or 1 +
n2 = 1200 r.p.m. =
or
3 02
....(i)
4 4 36
Now let fan complete total n revolutions from
the starting to come to rest
0 = 02 2(2n)
02
4
Substituting the value of from equation (i),
n =
n =
92.
02 4 4 36
= 48 revolutions
4
302
Number of rotations = 48 36 = 12
Let velocity at A = v1
Velocity at B = v2
Velocity is constant,
v1 = v2 = v (say)
AOB = 60
Change in velocity,
|v1 v2 |=
v 2 + v 2 2v 2 cos
2v 2 (1 cos )
= v 2 2sin 2
= 2 v sin
2
2
= 2 v sin 30
(Note: Refer Shortcut 2.)
93.
Using,
2r
v=
T
2r 2 20
1
T=
=
= s
v
2
80
37
94.
Using,
mv12
+ mg
Maximum tension, Tmax =
r
mv 22
mg
Minimum tension, Tmin =
r
Using the law of conservation of energy,
1 2 1 2
mv1 = mv2 + 2mgr
2
2
v12 = v22 + 4rg
Hence
Tmax
Tmin
v12
+g
v 2 + rg
= r2
= 12
v2
v 2 rg
g
r
v 2 + 5rg 4
= 22
=
v 2 rg 1
.[ v12 = v22 + 4rg]
10
3
3
2
2
4.
7.
v = r
v
=
= constant [As v and r are constant]
r
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
3.
T1 = T2 1 = 2
v
v
=
= constant
r
r
v1 v2
v
r
R
=
1= 1=
r
r1
r2
v2 r2
For seconds hand, T = 60 s,
r = 3 cm = 3 102 m
2
2
=
=
= 0.1047 rad/s
60
T
and v = r = 0.1047 3 102 = 0.00314 m/s
600
n = 600 r.p.m. =
r.p.s. = 10 r.p.s.
60
v = r = r 2n = 10 2 3.142 10
= 628.4 cm/s.
Using,
v = r = 0.5 70 = 35 m/s
Using,
v = r = r
13.
v 22 = 100
v2 = 10 m/s
TE = 24 hr, TH = 12 hr
E 2 / TE TH 12 1
=
=
=
=
H 2 / TH TE 24 2
d 2
= 22
dt 2
Angular acceleration =
14.
2.
2
=
=
rad/s
12 3600 21600
T
6.
2
2
Competitive Thinking
2 3.14
2
= 60
= 6.28 mm/s
60
T
v1
90
2
1
90
= 2(r) sin
=21
T
2
2
=
4
60 2
2 cm
30 s
31.
Since, n = 2, = 2 2 = 4 rad/s2
25
m/s2 = 42
So acceleration = 2r = (4)2
100
Using,
a = 2r = 42n2r = 4(3.14)2 12 20 103
a 8 105 m/s2
In circular motion,
Centripetal force Displacement
work done is zero.
16.
L = I. In U.C.M., = constant
L = constant
32.
17.
19.
20.
21.
22.
p
r = , n = r.p.s.
t
26.
a=
p 2 2 p
=
t
t
1
2E
mv2 v2 =
2
m
2
2E
v
=
a=
r
mr
The radius vector points outwards while the
centripetal acceleration points inwards along
the radius.
a =
28.
29.
30.
P(R,)
Radial force =
38.
Using,
39.
F=
40.
ax
900
2
(2) +
2.7 m/s
500
a 2t + a c2 =
36.
E=
27.
p2
mv 2 m p
= =
mr
r
r m
.[ p = mv]
T = mr2 2 =
v = r = r 2n = 2
23.
33.
ay
2
2
cos i sin j
R
R
2
2
2
a = 2R =
(5 10 ) = 5 m/s
0.2
Using,
= 2n = 2 1 = 2 rad/s
a = r2 = 0.4 (2)2 = 0.4 4 2
a = 1.6 2 m/s2
41.
42.
43.
T
mr
6.4
= 14 3 rad/s
0.1 6
mv 2
r
F v2. If v becomes double, then F (tendency
to overturn) will become four times.
[ = 90]
L
rmv
mv
=
=
3
3
mr
mr
r
Using,
T = m2r
10 = 0.25 2 0.1
= 20 rad/s
v = 36 km/h = 10 m/s
Using,
500 100
mv 2
F=
= 1000 N
=
r
50
m = 100 kg, v = 9 m/s, r = 30 m
Maximum force of friction = centripetal force
mv 2
100 (9) 2
= 270 N
=
r
30
44.
n=
4 1013
1.6 1027 4 3.142 0.1
39
47.
48.
mv 2
r
56.
r=
v1
=
v2
r1
1
=
r2
2
r1 = 4 cm, 2 = 21
r2 = constant
r1 12 = r2 22
r1 12 = r1 (21 ) 2 = r1 = 4 r2
r
4
r2 = 1 = = 1 cm
4 4
mv 2
r
2
F v i.e. force will become 4 times.
Let the bead starts slipping after
time t
For critical condition,
frictional force provides the
centripetal force
m2L = R = m a1 = Lm
L
m(t)2L = mL
t=
....[ = t]
a
F=
49.
54.
55.
57.
22
1
1 4.9 2
= tan1 34.3 2
= tan
7 22 9.8
9.8
= tan1 (1) = 45
v2
Using, tan =
rg
(150) 2
r 10
r = 10.6 103 m = 10.6 km
58.
tan12 =
v2
Rg
v2
=1
90 10
v = 30 m/s
tan 45 =
59.
tan =
h
h
2 1/ 2
l
(l h )
2
O T m
l
T
m
m
50.
34.3
,
2
2
2
T = 22 s =
s
=
T
22
r2
1
1 34.3 2 2
= tan1
= tan
22
9.8
2
g
C = 34.3 m r =
h
l
60.
61.
v2
rg
h=
v 2l
rg
Rcos
we get
rg
r
mg
tan = 2 but tan =
v
h
h
v2
(0.5) 2
h=
=
= 0.025 m
g
10
= 2.5 cm
62.
63.
64.
mv 2
= 3mg
r
.(i)
2gl
67.
Tension, T =
mv 2
+ mg cos
r
mv 2
For, = 30, T1 =
+ mg cos 30
r
mv 2
= 60, T2 =
+ mg cos 60
r
T1 > T2
68.
T = mg + m r = m {g + 4 n r}
2
73.
Tmax = 30 N
Using,
Tmax = m 2max r + mg
69.
74.
75.
76.
2 n 2 r
n
r
m
=
g +
60
900
70.
r
= 2 3.14
g
4
4s
9.8
T = 2
71.
Using,
mv 2L
TL =
+ mg = 6 mg = 6 5 10 = 130 N
r
The mass is at the bottom position.
ac = k2rt2
Here the tangential acceleration also exits
which requires power.
v2
r
v2
= k2rt2
r
v2 = k2r2t2 or v = kt
Tangential acceleration at =
dv
= kr
dt
F = m a = mkr
So power, P = F v = mkr krt = mk2r2t
77.
50
50
=
= 5 rad/s
r
2
ac =
2
2
R
= 2
= 2
min
10
g
=2 2 3s
Using, mr2 = mg
2
42 r
2
r = g T2 =
g
T
Tmax
= 2r + g
m
30
10 = 2max r
0.5
max =
.[ = 2n]
= m g + 42
3gr
v2
= 3g
=
r
r
v=
m
[2gl(1 cos60)] = mg+ mg = 2mg
l
mv 2
l
3gr and a =
72.
2
r.p.s.
T sin = M2R
T sin = M2L sin
From (i) and (ii),
T = M2L
n=
.(i)
.(ii)
2
= M 42n2L = M 42 L = 16 ML
41
k
mv 2
= 2
r
r
k
mv2 =
r
k
1
K.E.=
mv2 =
2r
2
k
k
P.E. = Fdr = 2 dr =
r
r
79.
82.
Centripetal acceleration,
42 r
42
ac = 2r =
=
5 102 = 5 ms2
2
2
T
(0.2)
As particle is moving with constant speed, its
tangential acceleration, aT = 0.
The acceleration of the particle,
a=
83.
a c2 + a T2 =
52 + 0 2 = 5 m/s2
v 2 + v 2 2vv cos(2r)
2v 2 (1 cos 2r)
= 2v 2sin r
= 2v sin r
2
2.
k
k
k
=
2r
r
2r
gR
gR so that
Evaluation Test
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
a x 3g
(B)
2a x 3g
(C)
2x a 3g
(D)
x a 3g
O
(C) 2R sin (/2)
(D)
3 R sin (/2)
A
With what minimum speed v must a small ball
be pushed inside a smooth vertical tube from a
height h so that it may reach the top of the
tube?
2g (h + 2R)
(A)
(C)
5
R
2
g(5R 2h)
(D)
2g (2R h)
(B)
R
v
a=g
Fpseudo = mg
(A)
sin + cos
Rg
(B)
Rg (1 + cos sin )
(C)
4Rg sin
(D)
7.
8.
vR 2
(3R t Rvt 2 )
(B)
vR
( 2Rt vt 2 )
(C)
(D)
B
R
R.t 2/3
( 2R t vR t )
3
3
vRt
2
R
t
v
2 2 2/3
v = constant
A
Top view
43
(A)
(B)
l
(C)
(D) l ()2
13.
h
T
12.
(C)
(D)
10.
h
t
(A)
(C)
14.
Straight line
Circle
(B)
(D)
Parabola
Hyperbola
r
v
v
(A)
(C)
11.
mv 2
r
2mv 2
r
(B)
(D)
2mv 2
r
2 2
mv
r
v0
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
15.
(A)
v0 2
tan 2
g
(B)
(C)
44
v0
tan
g
(D)
v0 2
cos 2
g
v0
g
t=2
(A)
(C)
3 rad/s
5 rad/s
t=6
(B)
(D)
4 rad/s
6 rad/s
(A)
17.
(B)
18.
19.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(C)
(D)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
20.
B
A
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
21.
C
900g
2 R
3600g
2 R
variable
h
variable
24.
25.
(A)
(D)
(A)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(A)
2.
6.
10.
14.
18.
22.
(A)
(D)
(B)
(A)
(C)
(C)
3.
7.
11.
15.
19.
23.
(C)
(C)
(C)
(D)
(C)
(C)
4.
8.
12.
16.
20.
24.
(C)
(B)
(C)
(C)
(B)
(A)