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Exam Semester Final 2012

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) As a result of a 1979 Soviet invasion, what country generated one of the world's largest refugee migrations?
1) _______
A) Afghanistan
B) Vietnam
C) Israel
D) Ethiopia
E) Yugoslavia
2) An area organized into an independent political unit is a
A) nationality.
B) suburb.
C) colony.
D) satellite.
E) state.

2) _______

3) A group of people who occupy a particular area and have a strong sense of unity based on a set of shared beliefs is a
3) _______

A) centripetal force.
B) nation.
C) tribe.
D) prorupted state.
E) unitary state.

4) A state with control over its internal affairs has


A) suffrage.
B) ethnicity.
C) centripetal forces.
D) sovereignty.
E) nationality.
5) The world's largest state is
A) Russia.
B) China.

C) India.

4) _______

5) _______
D) Canada.
E) Alaska.

6) Which of the following is not true about both China and Taiwan?
A) Both were once ruled by the Nationalists.
B) Both consider that the two areas form one sovereign state.
C) Both now hold seats in the United Nations.
D) Both have official relationships with the United States.
E) B and C
7) The Fertile Crescent
7) _______
A) was the location of the first city-states in the Middle East.
B) extended from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea.

6) _______

C) followed the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.


D) is sometimes considered to be extended into the Nile Valley.
E) all of the above
8) Korea is a good example of a
A) sovereign state.
B) patron-state.
C) nation divided between more than one state.
D) nation-state.
E) colony.

8) _______

9) The only large land mass not part of a sovereign state is


A) Borneo.
B) the Arctic.
C) Greenland.
D) Antarctica.
E) Siberia.
10) The first states in ancient Mesopotamia were
A) nation-states.
B) city-states.
C) empires.
D) colonies.
E) patron-states.

9) _______

10) ______

11) Political unity in the ancient Mediterranean world reached its height in
A) the Alexandrian Empire.
B) the Fertile Crescent.
C) the Roman Empire.
D) Egypt.
E) Western Europe.

11) ______

12) A territory tied to a state rather than being completely independent is a


A) state.
B) nation-state.
C) colony.
D) patron-state.
E) nation.

12) ______

13) The first widespread use of the nation-state concept came in


A) Mesopotamia.
B) Southeast Asia.
C) the Roman Empire.
D) the United States.
E) Western Europe.

13) ______

14) The attempt by one country to impose political control over another territory is
A) self-determination.
B) sovereignty.
C) suffrage.
D) constitutionality.

14) ______

E) colonialism.

15) By 1900, the British could claim all but which of the following about their empire?
A) Their empire was larger than that of any other European state.
B) Their largest colonies had become independent by then.
C) Their colonies were located on every continent.
D) The sun never set on it.
E) Their empire controlled strategic islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans.

15) ______

16) The motives of European states in establishing colonies can be summarized as all but which of the following?
16) ______
A) glory

B) gold C) God D) guilt E) B and C

17) A state is a good example of


A) a nation.
B) an organized region.
C) spatial interaction.
D) cultural diffusion.
E) proxy rule.

17) ______

18) A frontier, in contrast to a boundary,


A) has become a more common means to separate states.
B) separates two states.
C) is an area rather than a line.
D) is a region of ethnic conflict.
E) all of the above

18) ______

19) A feature of the physical environment commonly used to separate states includes all but which of the following?
19) ______
A) geometry
B) deserts
C) lakesD) mountains E) rivers
20) The boundary between the United States and Canada is best described by which of the following?
A) geometry
B) language
C) water
D) mountain
E) A and C
21) Boundaries were redrawn in much of Europe after World War I according to the
A) League of Nations.
B) demands of the victorious British and French.
C) distribution of languages.
D) North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
E) containment of Nazism.
22) With the breakup of the Soviet Union, most Russians
A) have been dispersed evenly through Russia.
B) live in the Caucasus and Balkans.
C) are clustered in Russia's western regions.
D) hold dual citizenship in Russia and either Ukraine or Georgia.
E) have moved into farming regions.
23) The Kurds are a

23) ______

22) ______

21) ______

20) ______

A) nationality divided among more than one state.


B) trying to unite with Turkey.
C) religious minority in the Middle East.
D) multinational state.
24) Conflict is widespread in Africa in part because
A) Africans belong to many tribes.
B) Africa is a multinational state.
C) missionaries are less active since the colonial era ended.
D) Africa is a nation-state.
E) European colonial powers drew inappropriate boundaries.

24) ______

25) An increasing number of states have adopted a federal form of government primarily to
A) encourage the breakup of the superpower alliances.
B) govern compact states more effectively.
C) satisfy the demands of competing nationalities.
D) deploy scarce resources efficiently.
E) meet all of the above needs.

25) ______

26) What was a distinctive feature of the world's superpowers between the 1940s and 1980s compared to other eras?
26) ______
A) The two superpowers were never involved in wars.
B) The superpowers used religion to settle conflicts.
C) The superpowers had satellites.
D) The United States and the Soviet Union were superpowers for the first time.
E) The number of superpowers was much lower than in the past.
27) A state which places most power in the hands of a central government is a
A) unitary state.
B) compact state.
C) nation-state.
D) fragmented state.
E) federal state.
28) After the fall of communism, Poland
A) annexed land from Germany.
B) delegated more authority to local governments.
C) gave power to its ethnic minorities.
D) became a nation-state.
E) adopted a unitary form of government.

27) ______

28) ______

29) The European Union has


29) ______
A) promoted economic growth in Western Europe.
B) protected Western Europe from a Soviet invasion.
C) replaced COMECON as the main organization for regional cooperation in Eastern Europe.
D) closed NATO military bases around the Mediterranean Sea.
E) done all of the above.
30) With the end of the Cold War,
30) ______
A) the European Union has become the world's leading economic superpower.
B) the Organization of American States has disbanded.

C) Russia has become a nation-state.


D) military alliances have become more important in Europe.
E) nationalities have been discouraged from expressing their cultural identities.

31) There are some extremely small states in the world that have all but which of the following characteristics?
31) ______
A) Many are islands.
B) All are smaller than 1,000 square kilometers.
C) Most are in the southern hemisphere.
D) Many of the island nations are former European colonies.
E) They are called microstates.
32) The British created different government structures for its various colonies to
A) break down local authorities and governments to make way for the British.
B) help protect the cultures in their territories.
C) separate religious groups.
D) expedite the export of raw materials and imports of finished products.
E) control the people in the colonies.
33) The most populous colony is ruled by
A) France.
B) China.
C) the United Kingdom.
D) the United States.
E) the Netherlands.

32) ______

33) ______

34) Terrorism differs from assassinations and other acts of political violence
A) because attacks are aimed at military targets or political leaders.
B) because attacks have not political goals.
C) because attacks are never well coordinated.
D) because attacks are aimed at ordinary people.
E) because attacks use only personal weapons.

34) ______

35) Which of the following is not true of al-Qaeda.


35) ______
A) Al-Qaeda is a single unified organization.
B) Most al-Qaeda cell members have lived in ordinary society, supporting themselves with jobs or crime.
C) Al-Qaeda grew out of the war against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan.
D) Finance, media, legal-religious policy and military committees report to a council called Majiis al shura.
E) Al-Qaeda has been implicated in several bombings since the attack on the United States in 2001.
36) Cultural boundaries include all but which of the following?
A) ethnic
B) language
C) religious
D) geometric
E) geomorphic
37) States cooperate with each other for what kind of reasons?
A) military

36) ______

37) ______

B) economic
C) political
D) all of the above
E) A and C

38) The United Nations is primarily what kind of cooperative effort?


A) political
B) economic
C) military
D) cultural
E) all of the above
39) NAFTA is primarily what kind of cooperative effort?
A) cultural
B) political
C) military
D) economic
E) all of the above

38) ______

39) ______

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
40) Which of the three types of migration factors has been the most important push factor for emigration from
Afghanistan during the 1980s?
40) _____________
41) What unique transportation problem do landlocked states face if they wish to export their raw materials overseas?
41) _____________
42) Since the nineteenth century, the goal of world political leaders has been to establish the boundaries of states
according to what principle?
42) _____________
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
43) The term "nation" refers to a political structure, while the term "state" refers to a people.

43) ______

44) Language and religion are two significant characteristics which distinguish among nationalities.
45) Mass communications is a powerful centripetal force in the modern state.

45) ______

46) Physical boundaries are more natural than cultural boundaries.

46) ______

47) Argentina and Chile are separated by one type of physical boundary, a desert.
48) Russia is a member of the European Union.

44) ______

47) ______

48) ______

49) The boundary between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland is a good example of a physical boundary.
49) ______

50) The Kurds are a good example of a multinational state.

50) ______

1) A
2) E
3) B
4) D
5) A
6) E
7) E
8) C
9) D
10) B
11) C
12) C
13) E
14) E
15) B
16) D
17) B
18) C
19) A
20) E
21) C
22) C
23) A
24) E
25) C
26) E
27) A
28) B
29) A
30) A
31) C
32) B
33) D
34) D
35) A
36) E
37) D
38) A
39) D
40) political
41) must ship through port of neighboring state
42) Boundaries of states should match those of nationalities.
43) FALSE
44) TRUE
45) TRUE
46) FALSE
47) FALSE
48) FALSE
49) FALSE
50) FALSE

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