Thomas Mordecki

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BioL 141 Lesson 0 Formative assesment

6/26/2014

Physiology is the study of the normal functioning chemical and physical processes.
Anatomy studies the structure of the human body while physiology studies how the
human body functions.
There are nine different levels of organization in the biosphere. They are atoms,
molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations of one species,
and ecosystem of different species.
The 10 systems of the body are:
a. Respiratory system- Exchanges gases
b. Cardiovascular system- Distributes materials by pumping blood through vessels
c. Digestive system- Takes up nutrients and water and eliminates waste
d. Immune system- Protect the internal environment from foreign substances
e. Nervous system- Coordinate body functions
f. Endocrine system- Coordinate body functions
g. Reproductive system- Produces eggs or sperm
h. Urinary system- Removes excess water and waste material
i. Integumentary system- Forms a protective boundary that separates the bodys
internal environment from the external environment
j. Musculoskeletal system- Provides support and body movement
Physiology as an integrative science means that physiology must be integrated to be
understood. With an integrative approach it allows us to get more of a complete
understanding of the life process
Homoeostasis is the ability of the body to maintain a relatively constant internal
environment. Some of the regulated variables that are maintained through homoeostasis
are disease-free conditions, water content in body fluids, and chemicals dissolved in the
body fluids.
The four major themes in physiology are: Communication, structure-function
relationships, homeostasis and control systems, and biological energy use.
The correct order for a physiological response loop is: stimulus, sensor, input signal,
integrating center, output signal, target, and response.
The name for daily fluctuations of body functions such as blood pressure, temperature,
and metabolic processes is a circadian rhythm.

16.
a) The independent variable is the amount of vitamin D the guppies were given. The
dependent variable is how long the guppies grew.
b) The control in this experiment was that they gathered the average body length
every three days.

Thomas Mordecki

BioL 141 Lesson 0 Formative assesment

6/26/2014

c)

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r
a
g
e
B
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y

Growth of Guppies With Vitamin D Difficency

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25
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15
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Guppies

5
0
Day 0

Day 3

Day 6

Day 9 Day 12 Day 15 Day 18 Day 21

Day

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m
m
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d) The slowest growth period is between day 0 and day 3. The fastest growth
period was between day 6 and day 9 and between day 18 and day 21.
18.
a) This graph is a scatter plot and shows the relationship between the midarm
muscle circumference and the aerobic fitness.
b) The investigators had to ask how the gentlemen if they were feeling aerobic or
not.
c) There is no correlation between the two variables.