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PublicRecord/PublicNotice

InfraCorpusComitatusAbauctoritatelegis
InfraJurisdictionem
WhatYouDontKnowAboutLisPendens/Foreclosure
AllLisPendens(PendingSuit)ForeclosureAreCommonLawTrialByJury
OfcoursewithoutmuchimaginationacommonlawtrialbyjuryMUSTtakeplacein
acommonlawcourt.Nocommonlawtrialbyjurywithinthebodyofthecounty
means:BreachOfFiduciaryDutyandTrespassbyallpartieswhopartakeinsaid
actions.ThisincludesallactionsCOMMENCEDbyanyATTORNEYATLAW.
InU.S.law,decisionsinmanycivilandcriminaltrialsaremadebyajury.
Considerablepowerisvestedinthistraditionalbodyofordinarymenandwomen,
whoarechargedwithdecidingmattersoffactanddeliveringaverdictofguilt
orinnocencebasedontheevidenceinacasederivedfromitshistorical
counterpartinEnglishCommonLaw,trialbyjuryhashadacentralrolein
Americancourtroomssincethecolonialera,anditisfirmlyestablishedasa
basicguaranteeintheNationalConstitution.Modernjuriesaretheresultofa
longseriesofSupremeCourtdecisionsthathaveinterpretedthisconstitutional
libertyand,insignificantwaysextendedit.
JURYdefined:Abodyofmenselectedaccordingtolaw,forthepurposeof
decidingsomecontroversy.2.Thismodeoftrialbyjurywasadoptedsoonafter
theconquestofEngland,byWilliam,andwasfullyestablishedforthetrialof
civilsuitsinthereignofHenryII.Crabb'sC.L.50,61.IntheoldFrench
lawtheyarecalledinquestsortourbesoftenmen.2Loisel'sInst.238,246,
248.3.Juriesareeithergrandjuries,(q.v.)orpetitjuries.Theformer
havingbeentreatedofelsewhere,itwillonlybenecessarytoconsiderthe
latter.Apetitjuryconsistsoftwelvecitizensdulyqualifiedtoserveon
juries,impanelledandsworntotryoneormoreissuesoffactssubmittedto
them,andtogiveajudgmentrespectingthesame,whichiscalledaverdict.
4.Eachoneofthecitizenssoimpanelledandsworniscalledajuror.Vide
Trial.5.TheconstitutionoftheUnitedStatesdirects,that"thetrialof
allcrimes,exceptincasesofimpeachment,shallbebyjury;"andthis
invaluableinstitutionisalso,securedbytheseveralstateconstitutions.
TheconstitutionoftheUnitedStatesalsoprovidesthatinsuitsatcommonlaw,
wherethevalueincontroversyshallexceedtwentydollars,therightoftrial
byjuryshallbepreserved.Amend.VII.6.Itisscarcelypracticabletogive
therulesestablishedinthedifferentstatestosecureimpartialjuries;it
may,however,bestatedthatinall,theselectionofpersonswhoaretoserve
onthejuryismadebydisinterestedofficers,andthatoutoftheliststhus
madeout,thejurorsareselectedbylot.
LISPENDENSdefined:Apendingsuit.Jurisdiction,power,orcontrolwhich
courtsacquireoverpropertyinlitigationpendingactionanduntilfinal
judgment.Acommonlawdoctrine,nowcodifiedinmanystatessoastocondition
itseffectonthefilingofanotice,thatbindsapurchaserorencumbrancerof
propertytotheresultsofanypendinglawsuitwhichmayaffectthetitleto,
anylienon,orpossessionoftheproperty.Purposeof"lispendens"isto
notifyprospectivepurchasersandencumbrancersthatanyinterestacquiredby
theminpropertyinlitigationissubjecttodecisionofcourtandwhileitis
simplyanoticeofpendinglitigationtheeffectthereofontheownerof
propertyisconstraining.BeefyKingIntern.,Inc.,v.Veigle,C.A.Fla.,464
F.2d1102,1104.BlacksLawDictionarySixthEdition(page932)
NOTICEOFLISPENDENSdefined:Anoticefiledonpublicrecordsforthepurpose
ofwarningallpersonsthatthetitletocertainpropertyisinlitigation,\and

thattheyareindangerofbeingboundbyanadversejudgment.Thenoticeisfor
thepurposeofpreservingrightspendinglitigation.Mitchellv.FederalLand
BankofSt.Louis,206Ark.253,174S.W.2d671,674.Thisistermeda"notice
ofpendency"inNewYork.CPLR650l.BlacksLawDictionarySixthEdition
(page932)
LISdefined:atlaw.Lat.Acontroversyordispute;asuitoractionBlacksLaw
DictionarySixthEdition(page931)
PENDENSdefined:Lat.Pending;aslispendens,apendingsuit.BlacksLaw
DictionarySixthEdition(page1134)
ATLAWdefined:Thisphraseisusedtopointoutthatathingistobedone
accordingtothecourseofthecommonlaw;itisdistinguishedfromaproceeding
inequity.2.Inmanycaseswhenthereisnoremedyatlaw,onewillbeafforded
inequity.See3Bouv.Inst.n.2411.
PAIS,orPAYSdefined:AFrenchwordsignifyingcountry.Inlaw,matterinpais
ismatteroffactinoppositiontomatterofrecord:atrialperpais,isa
trialbythecountry,thatis,byajury.
NoticeofBreachofFiduciaryDuty
Whereasdefinedbyvirtueof;NoticeofBreachofFiduciary:(a)Inthis
section:(1)"Fiduciary"meansanagent,trustee,partner,corporateofficeror
director,orotherrepresentativeowingafiduciarydutywithrespecttoan
instrument.(2)"Representedperson"meanstheprincipal,beneficiary,
partnership,corporation,orotherpersontowhomthedutystatedinparagraph
(1)isowed.(b)If(i)aninstrumentistakenfromafiduciaryforpaymentor
collectionorforvalue,(ii)thetakerhasknowledgeofthefiduciarystatusof
thefiduciary,and(iii)therepresentedpersonmakesaclaimtotheinstrument
oritsproceedsonthebasisthatthetransactionofthefiduciaryisabreach
offiduciaryduty,thefollowingrulesapply:(1)Noticeofbreachoffiduciary
dutybythefiduciaryisnoticeoftheclaimoftherepresentedperson.
FIDUCIARYDUTYdefined:Adutytoactforsomeoneelse'sbenefit,while
subordinatingone'spersonalintereststothatoftheotherperson.Itisthe
higheststandardofdutyimpliedbylaw(e.g.,trustee,guardian).BlacksLaw
DictionarySixthEdition(page625)
BREACHOFTRUSTdefined:Anyactdonebyatrusteecontrarytothetermsofhis
trust,orinexcessofhisauthorityandtothedetrimentofthetrust;orthe
wrongfulomissionbyatrusteeofanyactrequiredofhimbythetermsofthe
trust.Alsothewrongfulmisappropriationbyatrusteeofanyfundorproperty,
whichhadbeenlawfullycommittedtohiminafiduciarycharacter. Every
violationbyatrusteeofadutywhichequitylaysuponhim,whetherwillfuland
fraudulent,ordonethroughnegligence,orarisingthroughmereoversightand
forgetfulness,isa"breachoftrust."Theterm,therefore,includesevery
omissionandcommissionincarryingoutthetrustaccordingtoitsterms,of
careanddiligenceinprotectingandinvestingthetrustproperty,andofusing
perfectgoodfaith.Aviolationbythetrusteeofanyduty,whichheowestothe
beneficiary.Bruunv.Hanson,C.C.A.ldaho,103F.2d685,699.BlacksLaw
DictionarySixthEdition(page189)
BREACHOFDUTYdefined:Inageneralsense,anyviolationoromissionofalegal
ormoralduty.Moreparticularly,theneglectorfailuretofulfillinajust
andpropermannerthedutiesofanofficeorfiduciaryemployment.Every
violationbyatrusteeofadutywhichequitylaysuponhim,whetherwillfuland
fraudulent,ordonethroughnegligenceorarisingthroughmereoversightor

forgetfulness,isabreachofduty.SeeNonsupport.BlacksLawDictionary
SixthEdition(page189)
Trespass
Trespasstolandprohibited;whereasdefinedbyvirtueof;Criminaltrespassto
realproperty:(a)Apersoncommitscriminaltrespasstorealpropertywhenhe
orshe:(1)knowinglyandwithoutlawfulauthorityentersorremainswithinor
onabuilding;(2)entersuponthelandofanother,afterreceiving,priorto
theentry,noticefromtheowneroroccupantthattheentryisforbidden;(3)
remainsuponthelandofanother,afterreceivingnoticefromtheowneror
occupanttodepart;(3.5)presentsfalsedocumentsorfalselyrepresentshisor
heridentityorallytotheowneroroccupantofabuildingorlandinorderto
obtainpermissionfromtheowneroroccupanttoenterorremaininthebuilding
orontheland;(3.7)intentionallyremovesanoticepostedonresidentialreal
estateasrequiredbysubsection(1)ofSection151505.8ofArticleXVofthe
codeofCivilProcedurebeforethedateandtimesetforthinthenotice;or(4)
entersafieldusedorcapableofbeingusedforgrowingcrops,anenclosedarea
containinglivestock,anagriculturalbuildingcontaininglivestock,oran
orchardinoronamotorvehicle(includinganoffroadvehicle,priortothe
entry,noticefromtheowneroroccupantthattheentryisforbiddenorremains
uponorintheareaafterreceivingnoticefromtheowneroroccupanttodepart.
Forpurposesofitem(1)ofthissubsection,thisSectionshallnotapplyto
beinginabuilding,whichisopentothepublicwhilethebuildingisopento
thepublicduringitsnormalhoursofoperation;norshallthisSectionapplyto
apersonwhoentersapublicbuildingunderthereasonablebeliefthatthe
buildingisstillopentothepublic.(b)Apersonhasreceivednoticefromthe
owneroroccupantwithinthemeaningofSubsection(a)ifheorshehasbeen
notifiedpersonally,eitherorallyorinwritingincludingavalidcourtorder
asdefinedbysubsection(7)ofSection112A3oftheCodeofCriminalProcedure
of1963grantingremedy(2)ofsubsection(b)ofSection112A14ofthatcode,
orifaprintedwrittennoticeforbiddingsuchentryhasbeenconspicuously
postedorexhibitedatthemainentrancetothelandoftheforbiddenpart
thereof.
Whereasdefinedbyvirtueof;TrespasstoResidence:Itisunlawfultocommit
trespasstoaresidence.Apersoncommitstrespasstoaresidencewhen,without
authority,thatpersonknowinglyentersorremainswithinaresidence,including
ahousetrailer.Forpurposesofthissection,inthecaseofamultiunit
residentialbuildingorcomplex,"residence"shallonlyincludetheportionof
thebuildingorcomplexwhichistheactualdwellingplaceofanypersonand
shallnotincludesuchplacesascommonrecreationalareasorlobbies.(Ord.
1996M641.)
Whereasdefinedbyvirtueof;conspiracytodefeatenforcementofthelaws:If
twoormorepersonsinanyStateorTerritoryconspireforthepurposeof
impeding,hindering,obstructing,ordefeating,inanymanner,theduecourseof
justiceinanyStateorTerritory,withintenttodenytoanycitizentheequal
protectionofthelaws,ortoinjurehimorhispropertyforlawfullyenforcing,
orattemptingtoenforce,therightofanyperson,orclassofpersons,tothe
equalprotectionofthelaws,eachofsuchpersonsshallbepunishedbyafine
ofnotlessthanfivehundrednormorethanfivethousanddollars,orby
imprisonment,withorwithouthardlabor,notlessthansixmonthsnormorethan
sixyears,orbybothsuchfineandimprisonment.[See19771991,20042010,
55065510.1]

TheCommonLawAct(Trust)
ThisActmaybecitedastheCommonLawActwhereasdefinedbyvirtueof:That
thecommonlawofEngland,sofarasthesameisapplicableandofageneral

nature,andallstatutesoractsoftheBritishparliamentmadeinaidof,and
tosupplythedefectsofthecommonlaw,priortothefourthyearofJamesthe
First,exceptingthesecondsectionofthesixthchapterof43dElizabeth,the
eightchapterof13thElizabeth,andninthchapterof37thHenryEighth,and
whichareofageneralnatureandnotlocaltothatkingdom,shallbetherule
ofdecision,andshallbeconsideredasoffullforceuntilrepealedby
legislativeauthority.(Source:R.S.1874,p.269.)
Whereasdefinedbyvirtueof:"TheCodeiscomplimentarytotheCommonLaw,MUST
BETHERULEOFDECISION,ANDMUSTBECONSIDEREDASOFFULLFORCE,exceptwhere
displacedbythecode.AstatuteshouldbeconstruedinharmonywiththeCommon
Law,unlessthereisaclearlegislativeintenttoabrogatetheCommon
Law."U.C.C.1103.6Defineshowcontractlawmustbeincompliancewiththe
rulesofthecommonlawprovidingthereismadeaknowingreservationofcommon
lawrights.

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