CEE254 Spring2015

Moment Curvature Analysis

The steel yield strength, the steel modulus of elasticity, the ultimate
steel strength and the maximum steel strain are the steel
mechanical properties that are needed for the design purpose. The
steel stressstrain relationship is shown.

Where:
=Curvature
y=Deflection
=Radiusofcurvature
c =Concretestrain
c=Depthofneutralaxis
Reinforcing steel typically meet the ASTM A615 and A706
requirements. The typical yield strength is 40 ksi, 60 ksi and 75 ksi.1

Moment Curvature Analysis

The momentcurvature relationship is provided in the figure below:

However,forsimplifiedanalysis,
themomentcurvatureanalysis
canbeidealizedbasedon3
pointsonly:
C Cracking
Y Yielding
U Ultimate

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CEE254 Spring2015

AnalysisofConcreteSections
Tosimplifytheanalysisofconcretesections,thefollowingassumptionsneedtobe
considered:
1)Plansectionsremainplanafterbending
2)Thecompressivestressdistributionisassumedtobeuniform(Block)
3)Failureoccursatanultimateconcretestrainof0.003
4)Theblockstressisequalto:0.85f c
5)Thedepthoftheblock,a,isequalto1 c

Flexural Strength
The flexural strength of a concrete section is equal to:
Mn = As fy (d - a / 2)
Where:
T = As fy
C = 0.85 fc b a
T=C
As fy = 0.85 fc b a

NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Example 1
1- Code analysis of beam to
determine the flexural strength
Mn.
2- Detailed analysis to determine
Mcr My Mu
cr , y , u

1- Code Analysis
3 # 8 , As = 3 x 0.79 = 2.37 in2
T = As fy = 2.37 x 60 = 142.2 ksi
C = T = 142.2 = 0.85 fc b x a
142.2 = 0.85 x 4 x 16 x a
a = 2.61 in
Mn = T (d a/2) = 142.2 x (21 -2.61/2) = 2,800.6 k-in
c/d = 3.07/ 21 = 0.146
c = a/1 = 2.61/0.85 = 3.07 in.
For

c/d = 0.146

Mn = 2,520.54 k-in = 210.04 k-ft

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CEE254 Spring2015

Therefore, section is tension-controlled, = 0.9

This also confirms that s > y at nominal strength

2- Detailed Analysis

Idealized Concrete
Stress-Strain Relationship

Idealized Steel
Stress-Strain Relationship

NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

2- Detailed Analysis
Point C Cracking
fcr = 7.5 f = 7.5 x 4,000 = 474.3 psi
Right before/at cracking, fcr = Mcr/S
S = b t2/6 = (16 x 242)/6 = 1,536 in3
474.3 psi = Mcr / 1,536
Mcr = 728,524.8 lb-in = 60.7 k-ft
For curvature
@ fcr = 474.3 psi, Ec idealized = 3,400/(0.001 x 1000) = 3,400 ksi
Ec = fcr / cr
3,400 = 474.3 / (1,000 cr )
cr = 0.000,139
cr = cr /c = 0.000,139/12 = 0.000,0116 rad/in
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Point Y Yield
@ Concrete Strain c = 0.001
T = fs As= 2.37 fs
C = (3.4 x 16) x c /2
T = C =2.37 fs = 27.2 c
(1)
c = 0.08,713 fs
Strain
0.001/ c = s / 21- c 1,000 c s + c = 21
c (1,000 s + 1) = 21 (2)
Combine (1) & (2)
0.08,713 fs (1,000 s + 1) = 21, Es= fs / s
0.08,713 x (29,000 s) (1,000s+ 1) = 21
1,000 s2 + s = 0.008,31
To solve the equation, a = 1,000, b = 1, c = -0.00,831
s= 0.002,426 fs = 29,000 x s = 70 ksi
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CEE254 Spring2015

Use fs = fy = 60 ksi
Equation (2)
c = 21/(1,000 s + 1) = 6.13 in
M @ c = 0.001
M = T x (d c/3) x 1/12
= 2.37 x 60 ( 21- 6.13/3) x 1/12 = 224.6 k-ft
@ c = 0.001
c /c = 0.001/6.13 = 0.000,163 rad/in

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Point U Ultimate
@ Concrete Strain 0.003
C1 = 3.4 x 2/3 c x 16 = 36.26 c
C2 = 3.4 x 1/3 c/2 x 16 = 9.06 c
C1 + C2 = 45.326 c = T = Asfs= 2.37 fs
c = 0.0522 fs (1)
Assume fs = 60 ksi
c = 60 x 0.0522 = 3.13 in

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Check the steel strain

0.003/3.13 = s/ 17.87
s = 0.017 ok
Check the stress-strain curve ok
M @c =0.003
M = C1 (d c/3) + C2 (d -2/3c -1/3c)
= (113.49 x 19.96) + (28.36 x 18.57) = 2,791.9 k-in
M = 232.66 k-ft
u = s /c = 0.003/3.13 = 0.000,96 rad/in
For comparison with the Code analysis,
= 0.9
M@c = 0.003 = 209.4 k-ft
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MomentCurvature
Relationship

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Lateral Load-Displacement

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Lateral Load-Displacement
1. Flexural Deformation
Yield Point
Rotation =

DriftatTipofCantilever

area of the diagram

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CEE254 Spring2015

Lateral Load-Displacement
1. Flexural Deformation
Ultimate Point

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Example:
Considertheconcretesectionsolvedbefore
fc =4000psi,cu =0.003,fy =60ksi,fsmax =75ksi,sm =0.1

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

MomentCurvature
Relationship

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YieldPoint
Fy =224.6/10=22.46kips
y =y h/2=(0.00016x10x12)/2=0.0096rad
y =y x2/3h=0.0096x(6.66x12)=0.77in

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CEE254 Spring2015

UltimatePoint
AssumeLp =d=24in
y =0.00016rad/in
u =0.00096rad/in
u y =0.0008rad/in
u =y +(u y)Lp
u =0.0096+(0.0008)24=0.0288
u =y +p (h Lp/2)
=0.77+0.0192(120 24/2)
=0.77+2.074=2.84in
Fu =232.66/10=23.27kips
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CurvatureDuctility
=u/y =0.00096/0.00016=6
DisplacementDuctility
=u/y =2.84/0.77=3.69
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